Download - TSL 3105
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TSL 3105WEEK 16TESL 4
GABRIEL LANCE ANAK MALINGMUHAMMAD FARID AKMAL BIN ADAM
NOR AZIZI BIN ABD RAHMANRICHARD RAO A/L SOORIANARAYANAN
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Accuracy and
Fluency: Giving
each its place
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Fluency The ability to produce written and / or
spoken language with ease Speak with a good but not necessarily
perfect command of intonation, vocabulary and grammar
Communicate ideas effectively Produce continuous speech without
causing comprehension difficulties or a breakdown in communication
Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics
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Accuracy
Ability to produce grammatically correct sentences
May not include the ability to speak or write fluently.
Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics
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Listening• Intensive vs. Extensive
Speaking• Planned vs. Spontaneous
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Listening
Intensive vs. Extensive like in reading
Intensive listening:• Instructions
Extensive listening:• A movie• A conversation
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Speaking Fluency: “concerns the learner’s
capacity to produce language in real time without undue pausing or hesitation.”
Accuracy: “how well language is produced in relation to the rule system of the target language.”
Peter Skehan, “Second language acquisition research and task-based instruction”, Challenge and Change in Language Teaching, J. Willis and D. Willis, ed. Heinemann, 1996. P. 22.
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Task-based methods
Recommend fluency activities first
Then follow up with accuracy activities
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Accuracy in TasksWhenever learners are involved in
communication they are concerned with accuracy…
In spontaneous communication -- little time to reflect on the language they produce.
If given time to prepare, there will be more accuracy
Dave Willis, “Accuracy, fluency and conformity” Challenge and Change in Language Teaching, J. Willis and D. Willis, ed. Heinemann, 1996. P. 50.
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Fluency in Tasksneed opportunities to process
language for communicative purposes as receivers and producers.
should be unfettered by the perceived need to conform to teacher expectations in terms of the production of specific language forms.
Dave Willis, “Accuracy, fluency and conformity” Challenge and Change in Language Teaching, J. Willis and D. Willis, ed. Heinemann, 1996. P. 50
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The Task Cycle: Task (Fluency) Pairs or groups.
• use any language they have to express themselves and say what they want to say.
T walks around and monitors• helps Ss formulate what they want to say,
but doesn’t correct errors in form Emphasis on spontaneous, exploratory
talk and confidence building in small group.• Success helps Ss’ motivation.
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The Task Cycle: Planning / Reporting (Accuracy)
Planning • Ss draft and rehearse what they want to say or
write.• T helps advising Ss.• Emphasis on clarity, organization and accuracy
Reporting: • T asks some pairs to report briefly to whole
class so everyone can compare findings--or begin a survey
• T chairs, comments on content, rephrases but gives no public correction
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So, what to do in class…
Listening• Encourage students to watch movies
and listen to songs in English (fluency) as well as class practices (accuracy)
Speaking• Follow a task cycle
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Thank you very much….