Download - Tsunami Impact - Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka Urban Multi-Hazard Disaster Mitigation Project (SLUMDMP) led rapid Assessment of Western and Southern coastline from 29
th
December 2004 to 2nd
January 2005
Center for Housing Planning and Building (CHPB) 33, Sunil Mawatha, Pelawatta, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka
Ministry of Housing and Construction Industry, Eastern Province Education & Irrigation Development
Tsunami Impact - Sri Lanka 26th December 2004
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Tsunami Impact – Sri Lanka 26th December 2004 Sri Lanka Urban Multi –hazard Disaster Mitigation Project (SLUMDMP) led Ground Rapid Assessment of Western and Southern Coastline, 29 December 2004 to 2nd January 2005 Introduction:
On December 26, 2004, about 4/5th of the costal belt of Sri Lanka (annex 1)
was affected by a Tsunami, which occurred due to an earthquake off west
coast of north Sumatra Islands. The location of the epicentre of this
earthquake was at 3.2 N and 95.82 E at a depth of 30 km below MSL. The
quake that occurred at 6:58:53 Sri Lankan time had a magnitude of 9.0 in
Richter scale (USGS Earthquake Hazard Programme).
Sri Lanka has very little experience of Tsunamis. The most well known is the
historical legend of princess Viharamaha Devi sacrificed to the sea to prevent
inundation of the land by sea probably due to a tsunami event in 200 BC
(Mahavamsa & Rajawaliya – monographs on the history of Sri Lanka).
Eyewitness accounts of the current event reveal that the sea level rose initially
and then the sea receded from the shoreline in many heavily affected areas to
an extent which varies between 500m to 1 km. The unusual phenomenon
aroused the curiosity of people and many ventured out to inspect the exposed
sea floor. The sea had then rushed back with a vengeance causing havoc.
The time period between these two events seem hazy. Eyewitness accounts
also reveal that there were two waves with about a 30 minutes interval in-
between. The second wave had caused higher casualties and damage.
Kalutara Water Detail (Before Tsunami) Imagery collected January 1, 2004 Description: Area detail before tsunami Source: DigitalGlobe
Kalutara Water Detail Imagery collected December 26, 2004 Description: Receding waters from tsunami Source: DigitalGlobe
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There is clearly a time difference between impact times along the coastline
from Jaffna onwards to the west coast. It appears that warnings could have
preceded the tsunami to several areas and could have prevented the loss of
lives.
Source: The Sunday Times, 2nd January 2005
An important issue that must be highlighted is that historically the tsunami
hazard probability is very low and hence the decisions for diversion of scarce
funds for tsunami preparedness through expensive structural mitigation
measures must be very carefully deliberated (not to exclusion). However, non
structural measures such as land use decisions for coastal buffer zones and
coastal management activities appear sound.
Kalutara Beach Detail Imagery collected December 26, 2004 Description:
Receding waters and beach damage from tsunami Source: DigitalGlobe
Kalutara Flooding Detail Imagery collected December 26, 2004 Description:
Close-up detailing flooding from tsunami Source: DigitalGlobe
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Mandate
This rapid assessment was carried out following a request from the Secretary,
Ministry of Housing and Construction Industry, Eastern Province Education &
Irrigation Development, to SLUMDMP managed by the Centre for Housing,
Planning & Building (CHPB). It was initiated in concurrence with the Human
Disaster Management Council (HDMC) of the President’s Office.
The funding for the assessment was arranged in consultation with the
Programme Manager of the Asian Urban Disaster Mitigation Program
(AUDMP) of ADPC, Thailand and HDMC, Sri Lanka.
Geographical locations
The study covered the coastline from Colombo to Yala along the western,
southern and southeastern coastal belt (see annex 1).
Team Members
The team was a multi disciplinary unit comprised of staff members from CHPB
and National Building Research Organization (NBRO) together with a
voluntary consultant to SLUMDMP (Former staff member, Asian Disaster
Preparedness Center, ADPC, Bangkok).
Mr. Lionel Hewawasam, Project Manager, SLUMDMP acted as the Team
Leader. Majority of the team members are alumni of disaster training
conducted by ADPC, Bangkok.
The list of names is given in annex 2.
Caveat
The scope of the assessment was limited to two main themes given below.
1. Status quo of refugee centres with reference to operational
efficiency
2. Extent of damage and rehabilitation needs of human settlements
affected by the tsunami within the study area.
Due to the limitation of time and difficulties in accessing all affected areas, the
report does not include comprehensive coverage, but attempts to draw focus
on issues that need immediate, mid-term and long-term considerations for
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rehabilitation activities of the human settlements within the study area. It may
be necessary to carryout more detailed analysis in some areas as follow up to
this report.
Methodology
Each theme of the study was looked at separately by a sub group of the study
team.
Status quo of refugee centres
Visits were made to seven randomly selected refugee centres along the study
area. Interviews were conducted with persons in charge of the centres as well
as randomly selected inmates and volunteers working at the centres.
Rehabilitation needs of human settlements
The extent of damage and rehabilitation needs of human settlements
inspected was recorded through eyewitness and random interviews of
affected persons. More detailed statistics of tsunami impact are available with
the Emergency Operations Room of the Disaster Management Centre under
the Ministry of Women Empowerment and Social Welfare. The latest figures
available at the time of generating this report are given in annex 3.
The team also carried out a video documentation of the places visited.
Observations, issues and recommendations:
1. Status quo of refugee centres
Observations
� In the randomly selected refugee centres visited by the team, no
government intervention was observed.
� Occasionally, presences of Grama Sevaka Niladhari were observed.
However, their role in relief operations appeared to be insignificant.
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� Almost all of the centres visited were either Buddhist temples or
Christian churches or government schools operated by religious
leaders or volunteers.
� The inmates appeared to have selected these locations voluntarily due
to geographic locations or safety.
� The number of inmates in terms of ethnicity, religion and gender
distribution varied. No statistics were collected.
� The number of inmates appeared to increase at meal times or during
arrival of relief supplies brought by well wishers. Many who came for
relief goods appeared to be those unaffected by the tsunami but who
were exploiting the situation.
� Due to the fear of looting, many affected people prefer to stay near
their property and visit refugee centres only for meals.
� There was no coordination mechanism for reception of relief goods or
their distribution. This seemed to hinder on a par distribution.
Issues
1.1.The availability of consumer goods and food items is very low even for
those who have the purchasing capacity. Most vendors have closed shop
either due to tsunami impact or fear of looting. The breakdown of transport
facilities has led to an escalated transport costs imposed by transport
providers as well as consumer items by vendors respectively. This is
hindering attainment of normalcy.
This may be one reason why those who were unaffected by the tsunami are
trying to exploit relief supplies distribution for their own survival.
If goods distribution is not normalised quickly, the existing situation may
evolve into a crisis situation of violence and looting. This is especially true for
areas with difficulty of access.
In one refugee centre, the organisers had to call in the Police to prevent
outsiders collecting relief distribution. It appears that Police or Army
assistance may be required.
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1.2. On a par distribution of relief supplies is lacking. There is no organised
relief distribution system in place.
At present, it appears to be a survival of the fittest.
Well-wishers come in and distribute items on their own free will adding to the
chaos.
1.3. Sustainability of supplies from well-wishers may reduce after a few
days. This may become a problem for the continued operation of refugee
centres, which may be needed, as many inmates may lack the capacity to
return to normalcy rapidly due to destruction of housing and livelihood.
No proper situation analysis has been carried out to assess the need of
providing refuge or rehabilitation needs of inmates.
Documentation of the impact of tsunami on people has not been properly
carried out in many places. This may affect rehabilitation work to follow.
1.4. Polythene bags, king coconut shells and other discarded items in many
places will pose a problem of mosquito vector breeding. Potential for vector
borne diseases is high.
Recommendations
� Immediately impose warnings and punitive measures for profiteers who
violate regular bus fare and pricing of consumer items.
� Take measures to regulate the distribution of commodities to affected
areas either through mobile centres or other available means.
� Urgently reinforce the capacity of refugee centres to manage and
coordinate relief supplies and distribution.
� Reduce congestion at refugee centres by regrouping inmates to nearby
locations in an organized manner and clustering people who have
similar needs together (e.g. families with children in one cluster).
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This may reduce stress of managing centres.
� Involve inmates in administrative work of centres through a
participatory approach.
� In the long-term, ensure the existence of a network of potential refugee
centres in all divisional secretariats with trained volunteers to
implement refugee centre management.
� Impose mandatory requirements to channel relief goods donated by
well wishers across focal points authorised by the Government
integrated with the network mentioned above.
� In the long-term, Implement methodologies and training of volunteers
for the sorting and clustering of relief items to expedite disbursement
according to needs identified.
� In the long-term, put in place a system of registration of inmates and
issue of ration cards entitling collection of identified items at decided
intervals.
� Carry out a need analysis for refuge and rehabilitation at each refugee
centre by using trained volunteers.
� Implement anti-mosquito sprays around refugee camps.
2. Rehabilitation needs of human settlements
Observations
� In general the magnitude, the pattern, and the direction of the wave
front of the tsunami seem to be different from place to place. The
destruction caused is uneven and not continuous along the coast. The
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reach of the waves has been a stretch of land varying from 500m to 2
km from the beach.
� Morphological setting of the area had played a key role on the impacts
of the tsunami.
� The structural soundness of the buildings and infrastructure seem to
have determined the ability to resist the impact.
� The orientations of buildings, density of structures and the population
density have contributed to the magnitude of impact.
� There is no available data on housing typology and therefore an
accurate loss estimate is difficult.
Table 1 sets forth a detailed account of observations along the study area with
photographs to illustrate the magnitude of damage.
Where the impact has been severe, there is total destruction of buildings and
infrastructure such as railways, roads and bridges.
At some places the road has been unaffected and some structures have
withstood the impact with some damage.
At points along the study area, vehicles and trains have been damaged and
thrown aside by the wave impact.
Issues
2.1. There is an urgent need to expedite clearing of debris everywhere. A
question to be answered is “where should the debris go?”
At places there are still dead bodies under debris in various states of
decomposition as of 1st January 2005.
Recommendations
� Analyse whether it is possible to demarcate high, medium and low risk
zones to tsunami, in relation to morphological features of the ocean
slope and land.
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� Immediately implement a debris clearing campaign which should
involve the communities and nearby local authorities unaffected by the
tsunami. Community reward can be the supply of meals and other
commodities. This work may need heavy machinery and trucks for
debris transport.
� Assess the structural safety of tsunami-affected buildings in medium
risk areas where immediate resettlement is possible.
� Immediately carry out a situation analysis recommended earlier at each
refugee centre to enable the formulation of a clear-cut rehabilitation/
resettlement plan.
� Location specific coastal reservations (buffer zones) should be
imposed based on the morphological settings of the area and/or the
availability of other man made obstructions/facilitators such as canals
and the Old Dutch Fort in Galle.
All private lands within the reservation should be acquired and suitable
land use types should be introduced
� Public education campaigns should be implemented for builders and
people living in the coastal areas to create awareness of the
importance of these imposed reservations.
� Restrict infrastructure facilities only to the areas outside the
reservation. Heavy penalties and tax disincentives should be imposed
to discourage encroachment of the reservation.
� In the long-term, building codes should be revised introducing suitable
structure types such as tall columnar structures and shapes that are
elongated perpendicular to the shore. This may need further study.
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� Minimum plot sizes should be decided along the coastline with medium
and low risk to reduce the density of buildings.
� Public buildings such as schools, community centres, hospitals,
markets, and places of entertainment should be relocated away from
the reservations.
� In the long-term, wave breakers should be provided considering the
morphological settings of the land, and the past records of coastal
erosion and wave actions. This too may need further study to avoid
impact on physical and biological processes along the shoreline.
� In the long-term, a database should be maintained about the people
living in the area, infrastructure facilities and other important data
necessary for effective disaster management. This should be
integrated with the recommendation to establish a network of refugee
centres in the section above under refugee camps.
� Disaster Early warning systems should be established ASAP.
� Riverbanks should be protected with embankments to protect their
valleys.
� Assess the economic feasibility of constructing tsunami barriers in
areas where relocation is either impracticable or costly.
� Disaster Management should be institutionalized and capacity building
for disaster management should be immediately reviewed.
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Table 1. Description of tsunami damage in the study area
Location
Distance range
from
the sea
Type of dam
age
Morphological
setting
Rem
arks
Plates
Payagala Station
0 - 75 m
Railway line is dam
aged
And shifted about 3 m inland
From its original location.
All the buildings on either side of the Galle road were damaged. However, the
structures built with concrete columns had withstood the waves. Riprap used
for coast conservation was not affected.
Flat area with slight
elevation from
the
coat.
Elongated
structures
perpendicular to the coast and
columnar structures were safe
Dam
aged Railway Devastated area Standing structure
Maggona Town
About 500 m
No damage
Elevated
land
adjacent to the sea.
Ground elevation has served as
a barrier
Beruwala
0 – 10 m
Fisheries harbour is com
pletely damaged. Elevated land just north of this
harbour and the Beruwala town were not affected. Boats were pushed inland.
Wave breakers were not dam
aged.
The
ground
elevation
of the
areas not affected
was from
3 – 8 m.
Ground elevation has served as
a barrier
Boats grounded at Beruwala
Towns of Hettimulla, Moragalla,
Kaluwam
odara
500 – 1000 m
Not dam
aged
These are located about 1 km
towards inland
Aluthgama Town
0 – 30 m from
the
Bentara
Ganga
The part of towns close the mouth of river was partially dam
aged. Structures
were not collapsed but ground floors of the same were damaged.
Flat area with an
elevation of 3 – 4 m
above sea level.
Ground
elevation
and
the
distance from
the shore have
reduced the intensity of dam
age.
Structures standing with som
e damage
Bentota to north
of Maha
Induruwa
0 – 100 m
A stretch of 2 km along the coast was not dam
aged.
Flat area with an
elevation
of 0-3m
above
sea
level.
Gradual increase of
the levation
Not a constructed area. Coconut
cultivation
has
let the
wave
freely.
flow.
Energy
has
dissipated within 20 – 30 m away
from
the sea.
Unaffected coastline at Bentota
Maha Induruwa
0 – 50 m
Heavily damaged but engineered constructions were still not affected.
Railway is flipped over and dam
aged.
Depressed
area
perpendicular
to
the coast. Elevation
decreases
from
railway line towards
Depresses area has let the water
flow towards inland.
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inland.
Duwe Modara
0 – 200 m
Rail road is heavily dam
aged. Galle road is not affected. The land side of the
Galle road is mostly affected. The lagoon and the sand barrier are slightly
damaged.
About 100 m long
sand barrier
has
formed a
lagoon
parallel
to
the
shore.
Land
elevation
decreases
from
Galle road towards
inland.
Sand barrier has reduced the
intensity of the dam
age.
Dam
aged Railway Operational Trunk Road
Kosgoda
0 – 100 m
Railway is heavily dam
aged. Galle road is not affected.
Railway is located
across a lagoon
Base of the rail road is heavily
eroded.
Dam
aged Railway
Thelwatta, Pereliya, Seenigama
0 – 750 m
About 2 km long stretch is severely destroyed. Even the rip rap along the
coast had been washed about 100 m towards inland. All the structures
except the buildings of Pereliya Jinaratana Maha Vidyalaya had been
collapsed. Railway had flipped over and shifted about 3 m inland from
its
original location. The train from Maradana to Matara was badly hit by the
force of the water; flipped over and pushed away about 30 m. Galle road and
3 bridges along the stretch were also heavily dam
aged.
Flat area.
Large
death
toll
due
to the
passengers of the train and the
devotees of Seenigama Devala.
The intensity of the waves that
hit this area had been powerful
enough to destroy
almost all
kinds of structures. The waves
had
hit perpendicular to the
shore
Dam
aged Road Derailed Train
Hikkaduwa
0 – 50 m
Ground floors of the buildings had been moderately damaged. Walls and
parapet walls had been collapsed and washed away.
Flat area
Dispersed rocks
Kum
arakanda,
Dodanduwa,
Ratgama
0 – 200 m
From Kum
arakanda to Ratgama buildings were moderately damaged.
Fishing boats were severely dam
aged. River mouth of Ratganga had been
severely eroded. Heavy ground erosion had extended below the colum
n
footings of som
e buildings.
Flat
area
with
isolated hillocks
Old buildings built using
lime
mortar
had
been collapsed.
Water flown inland through river
mouths had caused most of the
damage.
Dadalla
0 – 10 m
No structural dam
ages
Flat area
Traffic on the Galle road had
been badly affected due to the
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open area (cem
etery) next to the
road.
Gintota
0 – 75 m
Buildings located along the right bank of the Gin ganga had been severely
damaged. 3 buildings of Gintota Maha Vidyalaya had been collapsed.
Another two buildings that were elongated perpendicular to the shore had
withstood the force of the water. However, the ground erosion had extended
about 2 m below the surface.
Flat area. Elevated
ground
Shape of the
buildings and
location of the river m
outh had
influenced the damage
Maham
odara,
Galle
Town,
Magalle
0 – 200 m
Ground floor of the Maham
odara hospital was badly affected, but structural
damages were less. Rear side of the buildings located very close to the shore
had been completely damaged. Buildings located adjacent to the bay,
Fisheries harbour and the Navy Cam
p were collapsed.
Magalle bridge was totally collapsed.
Undulating
morphology
The old
Dutch Fort located
directly facing to the sea was not
affected due to its high elevation
of the ground. Location of the
bay and the stream
s connected
to the ocean had let the water
inland with a very high velocity
washing off the people who were
at the bus stand
Collapsed Bridge Boat washed ashore
Roomassala
0-100m
Most of the buildings located closer to the shore had been severely damaged
but it was observed that som
e of the land areas within this stretch had not
been dam
aged.
Except for the two
mountains
(Roommassla) rest
of the areas are flat
with
undulating
morphology
Roomassala
mountain
has
served as a barrier to break the
wave strength and the shadow
areas are safe.
Unwatuna, Mihiripenna, Thalpe,
Bakmeegahawattha,
Habaraduwa,
Koggala,
Kathaluwa,
Ahangam
a,
Midigam
a areas.
0 – 50 m
Few structures were heavily damaged the rest were partially damaged.
Considerable am
ount of sand had been deposited inland due to the tsunam
i.
Flat area. Elevation
is 0 – 4 m
above
sea level.
The elevated ground and the
convex shape of the show had
reduced the impact.
Weligam
a and Polwathumodara
0 – 150 m
All the buildings located within 0 – 20 m from the bay were completely
damaged. Structural dam
ages were moderate within the town area. Bridge in
Pelena West was com
pletely damaged.
Flat.
Elevation
slightly decreases
towards
inland.
Pelena is a water
stagnating area
Morphological setting of the bay
had facilitated the flow towards
inland.
Polwathumodara
area
had been protected by the sand
bar oblique to the coast.
Mirissa, Udupila, Thalaramba,
Kam
burugamuwa
0 – 150 m
Part of Thalaramba was totally damaged. Other areas were partially
damaged
Thalarambal is a
flat
area.
Other
Part of Mirissa
and
part of
Kam
burugamuwa
had
been
16
areas
are
undulating
obstructed by a ridge of a hillock.
Dam
ages were mostly due to
water flowing
inland through
stream
s and canals.
Polhena Beach
0 – 500 m
Buildings located 0 to 15 m from the shore were heavily dam
aged. Other
buildings were moderately damaged and washed out. Beach had been
heavily eroded.
Flat area
Heavy dam
age and erosion near the shoreline
Area inside the Matara Fort and
close
to the
mouth of River
Nilwala, Thotamuna
0 – 75 m
Buildings located on either side of the river mouth within the sand bars (up to
40 m
measured parallel to the river) were totally collapsed. Most of the
coconut trees were uprooted. Surface erosion up to about 0.25 m was
observed. Buildings located beyond above 40 m
were partially dam
aged.
Fishing boats had been wrecked and debris had been washed inland.
Flat
sand
bar
deposits.
The front 40 m were heavily
damaged due
to bidirectional
flows from
both sea and the
river. Area beyond this 40 m was
damaged due to the flow through
the
river.
High
density of
buildings has contributed to the
damage.
Matara Play ground, bus stand
and beach road
0 – 500 m
Rip rap along the coast was destroyed. Playground was totally washed away.
Bus stand was slightly dam
aged due to the impact of debris. Area where flea
market was located was heavily dam
aged. Park and buildings up to the
district judge’s quarters along the beach road were also heavily dam
aged.
Buildings beyond the above quarters were partially dam
aged.
Flat area
The
morphology
of
the
Devundara point seems to have
directed the
flow towards the
river mouth along the beach.
Dam
age at Matara
Eliyakanda,
Wellamadam
a,
Devinuwara,
Kapugam
a,
Gandara, Thalalla
0 – 25 m
Only the piers of the Eliyakanda bridge were eroded. No other structural
damages observed. Fishing boats had been wrecked and the debris had
been collided on the steep shore
Elevated area
Steep rocky
shore
seem
s to
have
protected
the
coast.
Upstream flow through the river
has
eroded the
piers
of the
bridge.
Beliwatta, Naotunna, Kottegoda,
Godauda,
Maliyadda,
Bathigama,
Dickwella,
Nakulugom
uwa, Unakuruwa
Partially dam
aged buildings were observed.
Elevated shore line
Tangalle Town
Tangalle town was not dam
aged up to the bridge on Ham
bantota road.
Right bank of the
The stream
has facilitated the
17
Buildings beyond the bridge and buildings along the stream were heavily
damaged.
stream
on which
the town is located
is an elevated area.
Left
bank is a
gentle slope.
flow inland; high elevation has
protected the town.
Ambalantota town
Only slight dam
ages were observed along the banks of river Walawe.
Elevated area
Ham
bantota
The portion of the land between the fisheries harbour and the road towards
the GA’s office from the clock tower had been severely affected. Most of the
buildings had been preserved but damaged. A few buildings were totally
damaged.
The depressed and flat area located between the bay and the lagoon had
been totally destroyed. One of the telecommunication towers had been
collapsed and crumbled.
Flat area protected by the sand dunes had not been affected except on two
locations where about 5m stretches of the dunes had been washed off.
Western side of the
bay is an elevated
area. The portion of
the
land between
the
bay
and
the
lagoon.
Elevation of the shore line had
protected the parts of the land. A
portion of the flow that hit the
western side of the
bay had
changed its direction and joined
the water that had directly flown
over the flat and depressed area.
The coast on the eastern side of
the bay had been directly hit by
the tsunam
i.
Heavy devastation in Ham
bantota
Coastal belt from
Pallemalla to
Magam
a
Not dam
aged
Flat area edged by
a 5 – 15 m high
ridge
of
sand
dunes
along
the
coast.
Sand dunes had protected the
flat area.
Craters created due to impact of waves
Kirinda
0 – 200 m
The depressed and flat area between the rocky cliff (where the fam
ous
Kirinda temple is located) and the elevated land had been totally dam
aged.
All but two structurally sound buildings had been severely dam
aged.
Fisheries harbour and the Navy camp had been partially dam
aged.
A large vessel called ‘Weligovva’ had been shifted inland about 180 m.
Flat and depressed
area.
The dam
age is severe because
the density of buildings along the
flow path was high.
Impact at Kirinda
19
SRI LANKA URBAN MULTI-HAZARD DISASTER MITIGATION PROJECT
PROJECT STAFF INVOLVED IN PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
Name and Designation
Contact Details
Mr. Nashantha Kamaladasa Project Director
Official: Tel/Fax +94 – 11 – 2785628 Res.Tel.+94– 11 – 2776421 E mail: [email protected]
Mr. Lionel Hewawasam Project Manager
Off. Tel: +94 – 11 – 2785629 Res.Tel.+94– 11 – 2786006 Off. E mail: [email protected] Res. E mail: [email protected]
Mr. R.M.S. Bandara Asst. Project Manager
Off. Tel: +94 –11 –2588946 Ext. 216 Fax: +94 –11 –2502611 E mail: [email protected] Res. +94 –037 –2221513
Ms. K.S. de Silva Project Accountant
Off. Tel: +94 –11 –2588946 Ext. 211 Fax: +94 –11 –2502611 E mail: [email protected] Res. +94-11- 2774367
Mr. C.Suraweera Accounts Assistant
Off. Tel: +94 – 11 – 2785629 Res.Tel.+94– 11 – 2959579
Mrs. Geethi Karunaratne Project Consultant (former Project Director , SLUMDMP)
Official: Tel/Fax +94 – 11 – 2785628 Res.Tel.+94– 11 – 2773325 E mail: [email protected]
21
Annex 2
STUDY TEAM MEMBERS
1. Mr. Lionel Hewawasam (Team Leader), CHPB/SLUMDMP
2. Mr. R. M. S. Bandara, NBRO / SLUMDMP
3. Dr. Buddhi Weerasinghe, Voluntary Consultant to SLUMDMP
4. Mr. H. A. G. Jayatissa, NBRO / SLUMDMP
5. Mr. H. M. L. Indrathilaka, NBRO / SLUMDMP
6. Mr. K. N. Bandara, NBRO / SLUMDMP
7. Mrs. K. M. Weerasinghe, NBRO / SLUMDMP
8. Mr. Sunil Jayaweera, NBRO / SLUMDMP
9. Mr. C. S. Menikpura, NBRO / SLUMDMP
10. Mr. E. R. Bandula, NBRO / SLUMDMP
11. Mr. Kelum Jayasoma, CHPB/SLUMDMP
23
S
ituation R
eport
: Tsunam
i D
isaste
r, D
ecem
ber
2004: S
ri L
anka
As a
t 02/0
1/0
5
A
s a
t 12.0
0hrs
N
o. of Pers
ons
Dam
aged H
ouses
No. of
Dis
tric
t
Dis
pla
ced
Dis
pla
ced
Death
s
Inju
red
Mis
sin
g
Cam
ps
Fam
ilies
Pers
ons
C
om
ple
tely
Partia
lly
Colo
mbo
4,3
95
23,0
05
65
12
55
Gam
paha
6,0
00
32,0
00
7
500
9
Kalu
tara
5,0
00
43,6
85
213
421
48
3,2
00
4,2
00
90
Galle
11,1
48
55,7
39
3,9
41
2,5
00
7,5
00
150
Mata
ra
10,7
25
41,9
00
1,1
58
8,2
88
200
10,0
00
4,5
00
54
Ham
banto
ta
5,4
71
27,3
51
4,5
00
3,7
39
28
Am
para
38,6
24
183,5
27
10,4
36
120
19,1
00
125
Battic
alo
a
44,8
15
185,6
37
2,2
54
1,1
06
750
29,0
00
11,4
85
100
Mulla
tivu
5,3
73
24,5
57
3,0
00
2,5
00
1,3
00
4,0
00
19
Trincom
ale
e
20,2
86
86,0
54
947
327
4,0
00
87
Jaffna
13,6
52
48,7
29
2,6
40
541
540
43
Puttla
m
189
850
4
20
34
6
Vavuniy
a
708
2,9
44
4
169
2,0
00
10
Killin
ochchi
12,5
00
50,0
00
560
1,0
20
63
10,0
00
4,7
23
22
Total
178,8
86
805,9
78
29,7
29
16,6
65
5,2
40
91,0
59
24,9
42
798
Note
: These fig
ure
s a
re tenta
tive a
nd a
re p
resente
d h
ere
as reported b
y the respective D
istric
t S
ecre
taries
Sourc
e: D
istric
t Secre
taries
Em
erg
ency O
pera
tion R
oom
of th
e D
isaste
r M
anagem
ent C
entr
e
M
inis
try o
f W
om
en E
mpow
erm
ent and S
ocia
l W
elfare
, Seth
sir
ipaya - B
ath
thara
mulla
Annex 3