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UKOLN is supported by:
e-Research: trends, requirements and challenges
Dr Liz Lyon, UKOLN, University of Bath, UK
Cross Research Council ICT Conference
NeSC, Edinburgh, May 2004
www.bath.ac.uk
a centre of expertise in digital information management
www.ukoln.ac.uk
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 2
Overview
• Looking at the trends– Open access publishing– Diversification of resources
• Identifying requirements– Towards a common infrastructure – “Virtual research environments”
• The scholarly knowledge cycle– A changing landscape– The eBank UK Project
• Challenges for the future
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Looking at the trends
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“The next generation of research breakthroughs will rely upon new ways of handling the immense amounts of data that are being produced by modern research methods and equipment, such as telescopes, particle accelerators, genome sequencers and biological imagers….Similar developments are having an impact in the arts and humanities, and in the social sciences.”
A Vision for Research,
Research Councils UK, December 2003.
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 5
Report of the National Science Foundation
Blue-Ribbon Advisory Panel on Cyberinfrastructure
2003
http://www.cise.nsf.gov/sci/reports/toc.cfm
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 6
Open Access - a global initiative
• US Sabo Bill (“Public Access to Science”)• DAREnet Dutch scientific results• Australian government statement• Berlin Declaration (BOAI)• WSIS Declaration of Principles & Plan of Action • Wellcome Trust statement• JISC FAIR Programme• UK Parliament Science & Technology Committee
Inquiry on Scientific Publications
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 7
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 8
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“The governments of …34 countries…recognising that open accessto….data promotes scientific progress… declare their commitment to work towards the establishment of access regimes for digital research data…in accordance with the following principles….
openness, transparency, legal conformity, formal responsibility, professionalism, protection of IPR, interoperability, quality and security, efficiency, accountability…..”
OECD Declaration on access to research data from public funding.
January 2004
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 10
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 11
e-Research trends summary
• Increasingly data–intensive, quantitative• Open access to data and information • Implementing new science • Inter-disciplinary • New disciplines e.g. Astro-informatics• New skills requirements
– IT + statistics + domain
• Collaborative• Highly distributed resources
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 12
Distributed resources….used in new ways
• Primary / original data – Observational, experimental, numeric, genomic, 2/3D molecular
structures, satellite images, electron micrographs, wave spectra, CAD, musical compositions, VR, performances, animations
• Data and information– Creation, discovery, gathering, aggregation, dis-aggregation, replication,
federation, manipulation, transformation, linking, annotation, editing/versioning, validation, (self-)archiving, deposit, publication, curation
• Knowledge extraction and management– Analysis (textual, musical, statistical, mathematical, visual, chemical,
gene……)– Mining (text, data, structures……)– Modelling (economic, mathematical, biological..)– Simulation (molecular, physical, environmental, games…)– Presentation (visualisation, rendering….)
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Identifying requirements
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 14
Towards a common infrastructure
• UK e-Science Programme & JISC Development• e-Science Phase 2 2003 – 2006
– An Open Middleware Infrastructure Institute (OMII) based on open standards (Web Services)
• JISC Information Environment– Technical architecture based on open standards
(Web Services, OAI-PMH, Z39.50, RSS…..) http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/distributed-systems/jisc-ie/arch/
• JISC e-Learning Programme– Technical Framework to support E-Learning
http://www.cetis.ac.uk/members/frameworks/index.html
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 15
Virtual Research Environments – vision?• Standards-based, service-oriented framework
– Open standards WSRF, WSRP, WSDL?– “Modular”, distributed and interoperable tools
• Integrated– Resource creation, publishing, sharing, discovery
• Managed / secure / sustainable– Access, rights, archives
• Usable and accessible– Meet user requirements
• Personalised– Customised presentation and services
• Intelligent agents– Delegate routine tasks
• Extensible– Ease of adding new compliant tools
• Collaborative– Shared interaction, Access Grid?
• Portable / ubiquitous access– Wireless, mobile devices
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 16
Disciplinary differences• Arts and humanities, social sciences
– Lone researcher culture but changing
• Data– Qualitative– Observational– Not repeatable– Incomplete– Time dependent– Ethical and data protection issues– Not always shared
• Tools and methodologies– Partially developed– Legacy tools
• Cognitive styles, browsing, searching– Performing and visual arts
• Skills– Lack of experience of distributed computing
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 17
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The scholarly knowledge cycle
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 19
Research & e-Science workflows
Aggregator services: national, commercial
Repositories : institutional, e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Data curation: databases & databanks
Validation
Harvestingmetadata
Data creation / capture / gathering: laboratory experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Deposit / self-archiving
Peer-reviewed publications: journals, conference proceedings
Publication
Validation
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Presentation services: subject, media-specific, data, commercial portals
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Linking
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 20
Research & e-Science workflows
Aggregator services: national, commercial
Repositories : institutional, e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Data curation: databases & databanks
Validation
Harvestingmetadata
Data creation / capture / gathering: laboratory experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Deposit / self-archiving
Peer-reviewed publications: journals, conference proceedings
Publication
Validation
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Presentation services: subject, media-specific, data, commercial portals
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Linking
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 21
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 22
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 23
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 24
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 25
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 26
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 27
Research & e-Science workflows
Aggregator services: national, commercial
Repositories : institutional, e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Data curation: databases & databanks
Validation
Harvestingmetadata
Data creation / capture / gathering: laboratory experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Deposit / self-archiving
Peer-reviewed publications: journals, conference proceedings
Publication
Validation
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Presentation services: subject, media-specific, data, commercial portals
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Linking
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 28
Learning & Teaching workflows
Aggregator services: national, commercial
Repositories : institutional, e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Institutional presentation services: portals, Learning Management Systems, u/g, p/g courses, modules
Harvestingmetadata
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Peer-reviewed publications: journals, conference proceedings
Validation
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Deposit / self-archiving
Learning object creation, re-use
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Quality assurance bodies
Validation
Presentation services: subject, media-specific, data, commercial portals
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 29
Learning & Teaching workflows
Research & e-Science workflows
Aggregator services: national, commercial
Repositories : institutional, e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Data curation: databases & databanks
Institutional presentation services: portals, Learning Management Systems, u/g, p/g courses, modules
Validation
Harvestingmetadata
Data creation / capture / gathering: laboratory experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Deposit / self-archiving
Peer-reviewed publications: journals, conference proceedings
Publication
Validation
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Deposit / self-archiving
Learning object creation, re-use
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Quality assurance bodies
Validation
Presentation services: subject, media-specific, data, commercial portals
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Linking
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 30
Learning & Teaching workflows
Research & e-Science workflows
Aggregator services:
eBank UK
Repositories : institutional, e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Data curation: databases & databanks
Institutional presentation services: portals, Learning Management Systems, u/g, p/g courses, modules
Validation
Harvestingmetadata
Data creation / capture / gathering: laboratory experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Deposit / self-archiving
Peer-reviewed publications: journals, conference proceedings
Publication
Validation
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Deposit / self-archiving
Learning object creation, re-use
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Quality assurance bodies
Validation
Presentation services: subject, media-specific, data, commercial portals
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Linking
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 31
eBank UK project
• JISC-funded for 1 year from September 2003• UKOLN (lead), University of Southampton, University of
Manchester• “Building the links between research data, scholarly
communication and learning”• e-Science testbed Combechem
– Grid-enabled combinatorial chemistry– Crystallography, laser and surface chemistry– Development of an e-Lab using pervasive computing technology– National Crystallography Service
• Resource Discovery Network PSIgate physical sciences portal• http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/projects/ebank-uk/
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Challenges for the future
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 33
Issues and implications 1• Towards a common infrastructure
– Incremental convergence?– Common Information Environment
• Institutional– Grid client problem– Managing trusted digital repositories
• Describing resources– Standard metadata schema for data?– CLRC Scientific Metadata Model vs 1.0 2001 (under revision)
http://www-dienst.rl.ac.uk/library/2002/tr/dltr-2002001.pdf
– Richness and complexity vs simplicity and sharing– Semantic descriptions and shared ontologies– Identifiers: generic and domain
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 34
Issues and implications 2• Human resources
– Awareness of developments– Engagement and roles– Skills development– JISC Awareness & Training Environment for e-Social
Science– JISC ICT Awareness & Training Programme for A&H
• Cultural– Willingness to share data
• Legal– IPR, consent, privacy
• Funders– Incentives to engage
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 35
Learning & Teaching workflows
Research & e-Science workflows
Aggregator services: eBank UK
Repositories : institutional, e-prints, subject, data, learning objects
Data curation: databases & databanks
Institutional presentation services: portals, Learning Management Systems, u/g, p/g courses, modules
Validation
Harvestingmetadata
Data creation / capture / gathering: laboratory experiments, Grids, fieldwork, surveys, media
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Deposit / self-archiving
Peer-reviewed publications: journals, conference proceedings
Publication
Validation
Data analysis, transformation, mining, modelling
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Deposit / self-archiving
Learning object creation, re-use
Searching , harvesting, embedding
Quality assurance bodies
Validation
Presentation services: subject, media-specific, data, commercial portals
Resource discovery, linking, embedding
Linking
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 36
Potential longer term impact
1. Track data, information and workflows in e-research and scholarly communications – knowledge audit??
2. Validate the accuracy and authenticity of derived works – ideas audit??
3. Facilitate explicit referencing and acknowledgment of original contributors – intellectual integrity??
4. Raise standards associated with publication of research outputs – academic publishing rigour??
5. Implement open access to and dissemination of data and information – enhance the research process??
6. Give students links to original data underpinning published works – enhance the learning process??
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Cross Research Council ICT Conference 37
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Thank you.
Questions?…..