Download - Understanding Child Development
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Understanding Child Development
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Development
• Change or growth that occurs in a child
• Helps you plan appropriate activities for children
• Helps you make sure children are safe and protected from danger
• Helps you be a better parent or caregiver
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Ages and Stages
• Infant – First year of life
• Toddler– First year until 3rd birthday
• Preschooler– Children ages 3-6
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Areas of Development
• Physical Development– Physical body changes– Occurs in a predictable sequence
• Gross motor development– Trunk, arms, and legs
• Fine motor development– Fingers and toes
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Cognitive Development
• Also called intellectual or mental development
• Refers to the mental processes used to gain knowledge
• Language, thought, reasoning and imagination are included in this area
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Social-Emotional Development
• Social Development– Learning to relate to others
• Emotional Development– Learning about personal feelings and their
expression– Includes self-concept and self-esteem
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CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVELOPMENT
• Basic patterns are similar
• Cephalocaudal principle
– Development moves from head down
• Proximodistal principle
– Development moves from spinal cord out
• Maturation
– The refinement (improvement of abilities)
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Remember:
• Each child develops at their own rate– No two children will develop at exactly the
same rate– Even identical twins will develop at different
rates!
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ALL AREAS ARE RELATED AND IMPORTANT TO
DEVELOPING A HEALTHY CHILD!!