Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 13th Edition2
Learning Objectives
1. Explain what e-commerce is and describe some of the advantages and disadvantages involved with implementing e-commerce.
2. Identify a variety of e-commerce business models and discuss their differences.
3. Discuss the types of Web sites that can be used to implement e-commerce.
4. List several strategies for implementing e-commerce using the Web, including some of the decisions that need to be made, the options available for accepting payments, and the process of designing and developing an effective Web site.
Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 13th Edition3
Learning Objectives
5. Outline some sales and marketing strategies that can be used in conjunction with an e-commerce Web site.
6. Discuss some security issues related to e-commerce sites.
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What Is E-Commerce?
• E-commerce: Act of doing business transactions over the Internet or similar technology– Has existed for years via private networks (electronic
funds transfers, etc.)– Now most often performed via the Internet
• Dot-com: An internet-only store with no physical presence
• Brick-and-mortar store: A conventional store with a physical presence.
• M-commerce: E-commerce carried out via phones and other mobile devices– Near Field Communications (NFC) uses RFID
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Advantages of E-Commerce
• Advantages for businesses:– Reduced costs
• Dot-coms are less expensive than brick-and-mortar stores because there is no physical storefront to maintain
– Increased customer satisfaction• If shopping experience is convenient (open all the
time, no driving, etc.)• Can send customers personalized information
– Broader customer base (less geographical restrictions)
– Potentially higher sales
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Advantages of E-Commerce
• Advantages for customers:– Convenience– Easier comparison shopping
• Higher number of merchants to choose from• Geographical location is not an issue• Shopping bots and other comparison shopping
tools are available– Higher degree of selection– Potential cost savings– Customized products
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Disadvantages of E-Commerce
• Disadvantages for businesses:– Pressure to be always open, site always working
• Solid, well designed sites and hosting– Lost business due to some customer hesitation to
shop online– Risk of fraudulent credit card transactions– Ease of entry for competitors
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Disadvantages of E-Commerce
• Disadvantages for customers:– Potential for fraud and other potential security
problems• Buyer protection programs and using
credit card protection can help– Not being able to see or touch the goods
• 3D online stores may help – Possible expense of returning merchandise
• Some brick and mortar stores allow returns to local stores
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Types of E-Commerce Web Sites
• Manufacturer and e-tailer Web sites: Sell products and services directly to the end user– Physical goods– Electronic goods
• Subscription site: Sells access to its online content– Journals– Video-on-demand– Premium social
networking services
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Types of E-Commerce Web Sites
• Brokerage sites: Bring buyers and sellers together and earn revenue by charging commissions on sales made via the site– Online auctions: Allow consumers or businesses to
auction products to consumers• Buyers bid and highest bidder at the time the
auction closes buys the item• Seller pays a listing fee and a selling fee based on
the final price• Some online auction sites have automatic bidding
systems
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Types of E-Commerce Web Sites
– Financial brokerages: Allow individuals to sell stocks, bonds, etc.
– Consumer brokerages: Assist consumer in finding resources they desire
• Real estate• Airline tickets• Hotel reservations, etc.
– Market and commodity exchange sites: Match organizations with goods or services to sell with potential buyers
• Energy, cattle, chemicals, and metals
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Implementing Web-BasedE-Commerce
• Step 1: Select appropriate business models and types of Web sites– More than one can be selected– Some businesses add
additional types later on• Step 2: Select the desired
e-commerce applications– Determine electronic customer
relationship management (eCRM) activities to be included
– Determine which other business systems the Web site will be linked to
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Implementing Web-BasedE-Commerce
• Step 3: Develop procedures for handling electronic financial transactions– Need to determine
which types will be accepted
– Most sites accept credit cards
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Implementing Web-BasedE-Commerce
– Other payment options
• Smart cards
• OTP credit cards for additional security
• Online payment service (such as PayPal): A type of payment service accessed via the Internet and used to make electronic payments to others
– Deposited funds, bank account, or credit card
– Some transactions require a fee
– Can add or remove funds as needed
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Online Video
“Secure Shopping with Emue OTP Credit Cards”(click below to start video)
Reminder: The complete set of online videos and video podcasts are available at: www.cengage.com/computerconcepts/np/uc13
Courtesy Emue Technologies
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Implementing Web-BasedE-Commerce
• Digital gift certificates, gift cards, and coupons: Appropriate codes are entered into the Web site at time of purchase
• Digital wallet: Holds a buyer’s information that can be used to speed up online purchase transactions
– Digital wallet programs (used with computers and mobile phones)
– Online digital wallets (Google Checkout)– Site-specific digital wallets (store this
information for each customer on a business’ Web server for use with purchases on that site only e.g. Amazon.com
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Implementing Web-BasedE-Commerce
• Special B2B considerations because of the volume of B2B transactions
– B2B transaction processing: Allows merchants to customize their payment processing plans to fit their needs
• Can process payments, do credit checks, track expenses, do billing, etc.
– Order-fulfillment companies: Take care of physically filling orders for a business
• Can provide order management, CRM services, marketing tools, etc.
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Implementing Web-BasedE-Commerce
• Step 4: Design and develop an effective Web site– Sites should be carefully designed, developed, and
tested– Ensure order forms and checkout pages are located
on a secure Web server– Continue evaluation of security and collected data– E-commerce features can be created using:
• Storefront software: Facilitates the creation of an online store (either packaged or Web-based)
• Shopping cart software: Designed to add only ordering capabilities to an existing Web site
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Implementing Web-BasedE-Commerce
– Use good checkout procedures
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Implementing Web-BasedE-Commerce
• Step 5: Implement appropriate sales and marketing strategies
– Use an appropriate domain name and URL
• URL should be easy to remember and type
• Visitors should not have to type a page name (such as index.html) to view the home page of the site
– Include adequate customer service features
– Collect taxes from customers only if required by law
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Implementing Web-BasedE-Commerce
– Display a privacy policy and security statement– Promote your Web site sufficiently
• Use appropriate meta tags (description, keywords)• Submit your site
to search sites• Consider
sponsored listings
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Implementing Web-BasedE-Commerce
• Optimize your site (SSO)• Advertise your site on business cards, ads, etc.• Consider using banner ads
– Use of rich media ads is growing– Can display sponsor banner ads on site– Banner ad exchanges– Use of behavioral (targeted) ads is growing
• Update your site regularly and consider adding incentives for return visits (contests, coupons, etc.)
• Use e-mail marketing techniques (free shipping offers, new product notifications, etc.)
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Security Issues
• Security is essential for e-commerce Web sites• Some guidelines for e-commerce sites:
– Secure transactions (use a secure Web server)– Secure sensitive documents and files (use encryption)– Authenticate online business partners (use digital
certificates and digital signatures)