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1 UNDP On the Ground
UND
P
commtments
management
scalable
catalyst
successes
crisis
recovery
aid
long-term
measurablechange
impactadvocacysupport
promoting
resources
MD
Gs
opportunitie
s
transparency
investments
preventing
eliminating
poverty
achieving
accou
ntability
development
helpcivil
world
countries
democratc
sustainability
governance
strategic
living up to
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nerships
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allenges
organized
achievement
peace
economic
United Nations Development Programme
Annual Report 2009
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Letter rom the UNDP Administrator 1
Foreword: Delivering Development Results 2
Introduction: A Time to Come Together 3
UNDP On the Ground: Fulflling Commitments 6
Poverty Reduction: Maintaining the focus on achieving the MDGs 8
Democratic Governance: Bringing home the power to change 14
Crisis Prevention and Recovery: Security in the face of crisis 20
Environment and Sustainable Development: Harnessing the green economy 26
UNDP and the UN System: Focusing on Development 30
Inside UNDP: Living Up to Internal Commitments 34
UNDP Resources 38
caption or explanation o ront cover image
goes here.
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Kpng Our Commmn o Dopmn
UNDP taks a ng-tm appach t human dvpmnt, invstingin th abiitis and ptntia institutins and pp t bing abut
sustainab chang. Its missin, its accmpishmnts and th vaus that
undi thm, spak dicty t my wn past xpincs and my bi
in pmting ainss, pptunity and quaity vy psn n this
pant c vaus I shad with th pp Nw Zaand whn I had
th pivig sving as thi Pim Minist.
Nw, in th ac a sv gba cnmic cssin, UNDPs missin is
taking n a sns nwd ugncy. Th is a a isk that had-ught
dvpmnt gains cud b vsd. Tgth with th cts d
pic incass and cimat chang, th changs a signicant i w a
t mt th Minnium Dvpmnt Gas (MDGs) by 2015.
UNDP is w pacd t spnd t th cisis. It has a na univsa psnc, n th ntins
dvpmnt, wking at th cunty, gina and gba vs. Its mandat cvs th citica
aas ghting pvty and as hping t tack cimat chang and t pmt sustainab
dvpmnt, suppting cisis pvntin and cvy and advancing dmcatic gvnanc,
a whi tying t achiv gnd quaity.
In additin, UNDP pays a vita cdinating th Unitd Natins dvpmnt wk n thgund. Duing ths changing tims, th impativ t advanc uth UN m ts t
dat is stng than v. W must cntinu t cabat v m csy with a u patns
t div chnty and cinty as n systm.
Thughut, it is imptant that pubic unds a accuntd and spnt tanspanty, and in a
way that bings abut cnct, masuab suts in th cuntis w sv.
At th sam tim, th intnatina cmmunity must iv up t its cmmitmnts t th pst.
Nw is nt th tim dvpmnt assistanc t b ducd, paticuay whn ths baing
th bunt th cisis ba n spnsibiity its making.
UNDP has a distinguishd histy advancing and diving n dvpmnt gas. I am hn-
ud t hav bn taskd with chating UNDPs way wad in th yas ahad and in making
su w buid n and inc th ganizatins pud gacy.
Hn Cak
UNDP Administat
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 2
The recent economic crisis has brought home the
volatility and ragility o globalization and requires,
more than ever, determined action by organizations
with a global mandate, knowledge and networks.
There is a serious risk that the overwhelming ocus
on stimulating economies in rich countries ignores
the daily struggle or survival o the poor, who
remain beyond the spotlight. The rich mans worry
should not become the poor mans plight.
UNDP, as part o the UN amily, plays a key role
in ensuring that the poor do not remain excluded
rom decisions and actions in order to avert a poten-
tial human development crisis. Demand or the kind
o support that UNDP can oer in a time o crisis
including policy advice, development support,
and operational assistance is high. UNDP uses
human development knowledge and good practices
in capacity development to support investments that
address the threats o hunger, poverty, unemployment
and climate change in countries where we work.
Since Kemal Dervis (Administrator until March
2009) and I joined UNDP, we have seen the orga-
nization make great strides at the country level in
contributing to real improvement in peoples lives.
The dedicated women and men o UNDP have pro-
vided support to a historic election in Bangladesh;
assisted governments in monitoring progress towards
the MDGs in Madagascar, Pakistan and Uganda;
delivered lie-saving support to the victims o natural
disaster in Haiti and Myanmar and escalated violencein Gaza; and ensured that a years planting cycle or
armers was not lost by the conict in Georgia. These
are just a handul o examples rom 2008 that illustrate
the versatility o the organization in delivering results
on the ground, and in oten challenging situations.
Despite progress made, we need to continually
check that our contribution to development remains
relevant and that our quality and impact is optimal.
We need to scale up our support to ensure capaci-
ties are strengthened at the national level to deliver
on the commitments o the MDGs in an inclusive
manner that draws on South-South experiences. Our
role in early recovery is paramount to leading the
UN system in the immediate atermath o conict
and disaster to ensure that development gains are
not reversed. And behind the much-warranted global
attention to climate change, we must not orget
that access to energy at the local level is a basic pre-
condition to addressing poverty. All this we cannot
and should not do alone. We continue to Deliver
as One with our partners in the UN development
system which Kemal so ably spearheaded and to
advance reorms, ocusing more on substance as the
driver o coordination. These are some o the chal-
lenges or the uture.
I am sure that Helen Clark, UNDPs new
Administrator, will take up these challenges to ensurethat the organization builds on the achievements o
the past while remaining a crucial bedrock o reliabil-
ity or our partners in developing countries in these
volatile times. Given Helens record in politics and
her motivation to strive or equality and inclusion in
society, UNDP and the wider UN system can be proud
that she has taken the helm o a great amily.
Ad Melkert
Associate Administrator
Drng Dopmn Ru
UNDP Aoca Admnraor Ad Mkr ()
and UN Humanaran Coordnaor Jo Bourou
(rgh) ang ood-acd ara caud b
Hurrcan Gua on a map o Ha.
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3 A Tim t Cm Tgth
Introduction:A Time to Come Together
The burgeoning fnancial crisis thatcame to a dramatic head in September2008 ater more than a year o vola-tile ood, energy and commodityprices compounded a series o shocksalready being elt around the world.As daily headlines chart the ups anddowns o stock prices and chronicle
the ailures o fnancial institutionsand industrial giants, the internationalcommunity must reect on what is atstake or the millions in developingcountries who had benefted rom thestrong growth o the past decade. Itmust also assess the plight o the poor,who did not reap the benefts o this
global growth. We cannot aord to runthe risk o urther reversing progresstowards achieving the MDGs, eightdevelopment goals agreed upon by theworlds leaders to halve extreme pov-erty by 2015. As UN Secretary-General
Ban Ki-moon has stated, ensuring thataid goes to the poorest countries willbe crucial in preventing the economiccrisis rom becoming a crisis o humandevelopment and security. April 2009saw the wind up o the much antici-pated G20 London Summit, whereleaders reafrmed previous commit-
ments to increase aid and help coun-tries achieve the MDGs. They alsocommitted signifcant new resourcesor the International Monetary Fundand the World Bank, and promisedto make resources available or socialprotection, investments in long-termood security and addressing the threat
o irreversible climate change. Thetime has arrived or the internationalcommunity to live up to the commit-ments made to the worlds poor toensure that their needs are not orgot-ten and their voices are heard.
A GlOBAl eCONOMiC CRisis PUts MOst DevelOPiNG COUNtRies At RisKrisk v as a pcntag a dvping cuntis, as Mach 2009.
Suc: Wd Bank
Hgh rk
56%
Modra rk
37%
lo
rk
7%
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 4
th Nd or ec and Connung
Commmn o Human Dopmn
Fity-one years ago, UNDPs main objective was
the provision o technical assistance and support in
order to promote economic and social development
in developing countries. Today, that role has evolved
to one that promotes pro-poor policies in the quest
or human development, a concept defned as a
process o enlarging peoples choices and enhanc-
ing human reedoms and capabilities (the range o
things people can be and do), enabling them to live a
long and healthy lie, have access to knowledge and a
decent standard o living and participate in the lie o
their community and decisions aecting their lives.
As eects o the fnancial and economic crisis
continue to mount, countries everywhere are strug-gling to sustain their development achievements.
A severe decrease in oreign direct investment is
expected or about hal o all low-income countries
while net private capital ows to emerging markets
are estimated to have declined in 2008 to hal o
their 2007 level; that number is expected to decline
even more in 2009. Global trade, meanwhile, will
see a dramatic decrease in 2009, with export-driven
developing economies acing severe consequences,
such as high rates o unemployment. Lower incomecountries especially are acing critical increases in
deprivation, with large amounts o their populations
living just above the poverty line and thus particu-
larly vulnerable to the vagaries o an economic crisis.
Households already reeling rom the volatile prices
o the ood and uel crises are fnding it even harder
iN A GlOBAl CRisis, UNDP is well sitUAteD tO HelP MitiGAte its NeGAtive iMPACts
Cr impac UNDP Acon
Fnanca/
economc
Remittance growth is falling
Unemployment is rising
Reduced aid and investments
Advise governments and institutions on how to respondt and pan impacts cisis
Advocate for monitoring human development impact
Strengthen countries effectiveness in establishing aidpiitis with patns
Food /
Fu
Potential massive malnutrition
Potential riots and civil unrest
High prices make life unaffordable
Children drop out of school towk
Improve procurement and management of food reserves
Intensify research and development of higher-yieldstap cps
Promote energy efciency and diversify away fromtaditina ssi us
Cma
Chang
Decreased agricultural production
Increased exposure to climate-
inducd natua disasts Increased incidence of warmer
cimat disass
Foster nancial and technological solutions to makecnmis ss cabn-intnsiv
Increase access to cleaner energy for household usage Establish disaster-risk reduction and adaptation plans
such as ay waning systms
20
15
10
5
0 % growth
-5
-1005 06 07 08 09 10
GROwtH iN ReMittANCes tO DevelOPiNG
COUNtRies DROPPeD DRAMAtiCAlly iN 2008
BUt ARe PROJeCteD tO ReBOUND By 2010
Suc: Wd Bank
Basin pjctin
Pjctin i migants cdt tun hm du t cisis
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 6
Achieving the MDGs; eliminatingpoverty; promoting democratic gover-nance the world over; preventing theincidence o and recovering rom civilwars, economic melt-downs and hor-rendous acts o nature; and tacklingclimate change and the steady degra-dation and disappearance o naturalresources the bar has been set high
or countries and international aidpartners. The past year, especially, hasprovided UNDP and its partners bothopportunities and serious challengesto living up to their commitments. Inparticular, UNDP must increasingly
help countries make ODA more cata-lytic, using it to spur investments romall available development resources,including the private sector. With thismandate in mind, this years AnnualReport presents examples o program-matic successes that have had a mea-surable impact on those whomUNDP set out to serve, organized along
its our ocus areas: poverty reductionand achievement o the MDGs; demo-cratic governance; crisis prevention andrecovery; and environment and sus-tainable development as spelled outin the UNDP Strategic Plan 2008-2011.
UNDP On the Ground:Fulflling Commitments
UNDP PROGRAMMe exPeNDitURes By FOCUs AReA (leFt) AND ReGiON (RiGHt) 2008Pvisina, as 7 Api 2009
US$ Miins
Aica $874
Asia and thPacic $916
Aab Stats $512
eup and thCmmnwath Indpndnt Stats$314
latin Amica andth Caibban$1,144
oth** $336
* Incuds gba, gina and cunty pgamm xpnditu nt inkd t th Statgic Pan dvpmnt suts amwk, in additin t sucs Dvpmnt Suppt Svics, evauatin, Human Dvpmnt rpt oc, Suth-Suth Cpatin, oc Dvpmnt Studis, ecnmist Pgammand spcia initiativs.** Incuds sam as pvius tnt as w as th UNDP Pgamm Assistanc t th Pastinian Pp.
Suc: opatins Suppt Gup/UNDP
oth* $352Pvtyrductinand MDGAchivmnt$1,255
Dmcatic Gvnanc$1,429
Cisis Pvntinand rcvy$657
envinmntand SustainabDvpmnt$404
pcnt spnt n lDCs
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UNDP PROGRAMMe exPeNDitURe, 2008*US$ Thusands
Achng h MDG and Rducng Human Por
Pmting incusiv gwth, gnd quaity and MDG achivmnt $924,665
Fostering inclusive globalization $38,391
Mitigating th impact HIV and AIDS n human dvpmnt $255,511
oth pgamm activitis $36,708
toa $1,255,275
Forng Dmocrac Gornanc
Fostering inclusive participation $211,343
Stngthning spnsiv gvning institutins $1,043,518
Suppting natina patns t impmnt dmcatic gvnanc pactics
gundd in human ights, gnd quaity and anti-cuptin $142,185oth pgamm activitis $31,640
toa $1,428,686
supporng Cr Prnon and Rcor
enhancing cnfict and disast isk managmnt capabiitis $227,287
Stngthning pst-cisis gvnanc unctins $70,274
rsting th undatins dvpmnt $354,718
oth pgamm activitis $4,237
toa $656,516
Managng enrg and h enronmn or suanab Dopmn
Mainstaming nvinmnt and ngy $270,079
Catayzing nvinmnta nanc $7,446
Pmting cimat chang adaptatin $11,791
expanding accss t nvinmnta and ngy svics th p $98,136
oth pgamm activitis $16,183
toa $403,635
Sub-tta pgamm xpnditu inkd t
Statgic Pan dvpmnt suts amwk $3,744,113
Ohr programm rad pndur** $352,107
Grand toa Programm epndur $4,096,220
* Pvisina, as 7 Api 2009
** Incuds gba, gina and cunty pgamm xpnditu nt inkd t th Statgic Pan dvpmnt suts amwk,
in additin t sucs Dvpmnt Suppt Svics, evauatin, Human Dvpmnt rpt oc, Spcia Unit Suth-Suth
Cpatin, oc Dvpmnt Studis, ecnmist Pgamm and spcia initiativs.
Min vaiatins in ttas du t unding numbs.
Suc: opatins Suppt Gup/UNDP
7 UNDP on th Gund
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 8
UNDPs wORK on the MDGs ocuses on coordi-
nating global and local eorts that campaign and
mobilize or the MDGs through advocacy; sharing
best strategies or meeting the MDGs; monitoring
and reporting progress toward the MDGs; and sup-
porting governments in tailoring the MDGs to local
circumstances and challenges. In 2008, UNDP con-
tributed to the development o tools and analysis or
the monitoring o MDG achievements, notably in
Madagascar, Pakistan and Uganda; in addition, sev-
eral countries have now substantially moved into the
implementation phase o national-scale MDG pro-
grammes, including Ghana, Malawi, Niger, Senegal,
Tanzania, Togo, Uganda and Zambia. In 2008,
UNDP partnered with UN regional commissions and
civil society organizations (CSOs) in Arica, the Arab
States and Eastern Europe to train government of-
cials and other stakeholders in the monitoring and
reporting o the MDGs. This work also contributed
to an overall assessment o the quality o inormation
being used or MDG monitoring.
UNDP engages with civil society at all lev-
els to promote the MDGs and support people in
their eorts to build a better lie. In Niger, UNDP
partnered with SNV Netherlands Development
Organization and a local CSO, Programme de lutte
contre la pauvret(Programme or the Fight Against
Poverty) to support local authorities on localizing
the MDGs. Citizens in our districts in Niger were
inormed about the MDGs in their local language,
which led them to question the low rates o primary
education enrolment in their communities. As a
result, one district began issuing ree birth certifcates
an essential orm o identifcation since their pro-
hibitive costs had barred many children rom enroll-
ing in school. Another district built a new primary
school that was closer and more convenient.
On a policy level, in January 2009, the Civil
Society Advisory Committee to the Administrator
created in 2000 as a ormal mechanism or dialogue
between civil society leaders and UNDPs senior
management added 10 new members. The purpose
o the Advisory Committee is to serve as a strategic
advisory body and sounding board to UNDPs senior
management on key policy and programming issues.
As the international community grapples with the
multiple governance challenges and serious threats
to achieving the MDGs and aid agendas as a result o
the fnancial crisis, it is more important than ever
or UNDP to reach out and work creatively with its
partners and allies, among whom it counts civil
society in all its diversity.
At the global level, UNDP supported UNSecretary-General Ban Ki-moons MDG Arica
Steering Group. The Secretary-General has empha-
sized that the fnancial crisis cannot be allowed to
deect attention rom tackling the most basic injus-
tices in our world, captured in the MDGs. As the
Secretariat or the Steering Group, UNDP was instru-
mental in helping to reach an agreement among all
major international organization members as to how
Arican countries can close the gap between their
current challenges and the MDGs. The agreementoers concrete, practical actions, including a call or
Por Rducon:Maintaining th cus n achiving th MDGs
in Braz, UNDP orkng h h Gornmn
on crang orkng opporun or am
ho ar par o a naona condona cah-
ranr programm.
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9 UNDP on th Gund: Pvty rductin
heavy investment in agriculture, education, health
and inrastructure; in July 2008, the Arican Union
endorsed the Steering Groups recommendations.
Along with the UN Department o Economic and
Social Aairs (UN-DESA), in 2008 UNDP coordi-
nated the MDG Gap Task Force, working to heighten
awareness o implementation gaps and the steps
needed to address them with a comprehensive report
ocusing on the steps that must be taken by inter-
national development partners in order to achieve
MDG 8. In particular, the Report ound that impor-
tant gaps still remain in delivering on global commit-
ments in the areas o aid, trade, debt relie and access
to new technologies and aordable, essential medi-
cines. UNDP also organized a series o side eventsthat occurred alongside the September 2008 UN
High-Level Event on the MDGs, where world lead-
ers convened in order to review progress toward the
MDGs and make concrete commitments in terms o
action and resources in order to bridge existing gaps.
As a result o UNDPs event on the Business Call to
Action an initiative that aims to build MDG aware-
ness in business communities around the world and
challenge companies to use their core business or
both sustainable development and commercial suc-cess three new companies signed on.
Addressing poverty lies at the heart o UNDPs
role as the UNs global development network. Many
o UNDPs poverty reduction programmes are a
direct result o needs identifed by the communities
that they serve. In Armenia, UNDP worked hand-
in-hand with the rural village o Lusadzor in 2008
to set up locally-based participatory planning and
development needs assessments and, as a result,
came up with an integrated development plan.
UNDP is working to make these priorities happen
in one o the most socially disadvantaged areas in
Armenia. Villagers identifed a range o development
needs, rom the creation o income generation
opportunities, like cattle breeding and ruit pro-
duction, to the recovery o socio-economic inra-structure. Within one year, natural gas and potable
water networks were constructed, an irrigation
network reconstructed increasing the proftability
o land use and 52 hectares o the communitys
unused arable lands were returned to crop cultiva-
tion. In Ecuador, UNDP with support rom the
Canadian Government and in cooperation with
Fondo Ecuatoriano de Cooperacin para el Desarrollo,
a CSO is providing support or armers who have
suered spill-over eects rom conict in neigh-bouring Colombia, by helping to identiy, plan and
Stngcnmy as
a wh
Spnding mnyin ca makts
Businsss in gapsin ca cnmy
High paymntats man minvstmnt
lss dmand ngvnmnt suppt andsvics
Btt hath, ducatin and nutitinuth natina dvpmnt gas
Wmn invst in d, hathand ducatin thi amiy
woman-haddbun
sOC
iety
COMMU
Nity F
AMily
FAMil
y COMMUNitysOCiety
lOANiNG tO wOMeN BeNeFits sOCiety As A wHOleIn 2008, UNCDF administered by UNDP supportedmicnanc and nancia svics institutinsthat divd bnts t 1.5 miin p cints,m than ha whm w wmn.
Suc: Wd BankIustatin: Pama Gisma
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 10
successully manage income-generating production
chains that are environmentally sustainable and eco-
nomically sound. In 2008, the initiative saw 18,000
amilies in six provinces along the countrys north-
ern border increase their income by almost a third,
including 5,400 households headed by women.
Countries are in particular need o social saety
nets now as the commodity and fnancial crisis
continues to spread, stemming capital in-ows and
threatening the employment and security o millions
o the worlds poor and lower middle class. In part-
nership with the Government oSerbia, UNDP has
been administering an ongoing and highly successul
saety net initiative called the Social Innovation
Fund that targets the countrys most vulnerable
populations. Like other countries in the region,
Serbia has seen an erosion o state-sponsored saety
nets as economic growth has slowed down. During
the last seven years, existing social service inra-
structure has been improved with 250 projects and
services that did not previously exist and more than
500 newly trained social workers. Recent analysis
reveals that 86 percent o services fnanced through
this $9 million initiative achieved sustainability and
are part o the state-sponsored network o services.
Perhaps most importantly, by the end o 2008, a
renewed commitment to oering ree access to vital
social programmes like home care, day care and
Roma-targeted education and counselling centres
has become embedded in the Governments overall
reorm ramework.
The important role o microfnance in the fght
against poverty is well recognized and documented.
What is less well known but potentially as impor-
tant is the high demand or savings opportunities
or poor amilies and microenterprises in developing
countries. Many poor households are in act net sav-
ers seeking convenient and sae deposits, which can
also ultimately und microcredit activities. In 2008,
the UNDP-administered United Nations Capital
UNDPs Creating Value or All: Strategies or Doing
Business with the Pooris a nw and gundbakingpt that daws n 50 spciay-cmmissind
cas studis wittn by a ntwk 18 sachs
m dvping cuntis. Cving a wid ang
gins, scts and typs cmpanis, th
cass anayz th cnstaints and sutins bhind
incusiv businss mds, i.. nanciay sustain-
ab mds that incud th p n th dmand
sid as cints and custms, n th suppy sid
as mpys, pducs and businss wns.
Miins ntpnus aund th wd
hav pcivd a makt and takn advantag
it, vaging thi innvatins and ngy t mak
a pt. Thy un s-sustaining, ptab busi-
nsss that as suppt th cmmunitis wh
thy pat, tn in patnship with gvn-
mnts and civi scity. Thi businsss giv p-
p a btt chanc t paticipat in makts. Th
stis ths innvats m th undatin
th pt. Sm xamps incud:
entpnu Bindhshwa Pathak s
can and chap sanitatin systms t 1.2
miin hushds and pats 6,500 pub-
ic pay-p-us stm aciitis in inda.
His ganizatin, Suabh, has ibatd v
60,000 pp m ivs as scavngs, mstywmn and gis, whi gnating a $5 miin
cnmic supus in 2005.
Da Nyanja, a nus anchis in Kiba,
Kna, runs a Child and Family Wellness clinic
t pvid btt and m adab hath-
ca t sum dws. In 2006 an, Knyas
66 Wnss shps and cinics bntd amst
400,000 w-incm patints, cntibuting
t MDG 6, which aims t hat and bgin t
vs th spad HIV and AIDS, maaia
and th disass.
Th pt aunchd in 38 cuntis in a
gins th wd sinc it was pubishd in Juy
2008 is th fagship pduct UNDPs Gwing
Incusiv Makts Initiativ, a nw cabatin
with an unpcdntd caitin v 20 institu-
tins in th pivat sct and dvpmnt ds.
UNDP bivs that in d t achiv th MDGs
by 2015, n th gatst untappd sucs
is th pivat sct. Th initiativ is dsignd t
mak a substantia cntibutin t bth businss
statgis and human dvpmnt by ingsach ts and bst pactics.
GROwiNG iNClUsive MARKets
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11 UNDP n th Gund: Pvty rductin
Development Fund (UNCDF) supported 40 micro-
fnance institutions and fnancial service providers
who delivered fnancial services to 1.5 million poor
clients more than hal o whom were women in
20 least developed countries (LDCs).
The year 2008 also saw the culmination o the
UN Advisors Group on Inclusive Financial Sectors.The Advisors Group, established in 2006 by UNCDF,
UNDP and UN-DESA, engages in high level advo-
cacy in support o fnancial inclusion around the
world. The Group produced key messages and rec-
ommendations endorsed by the Secretary-General
in December 2008 or governments, regulators,
development partners and the private sector aimed
at ensuring that poor households and microentre-
preneurs gain sustainable access to a broad range o
fnancial products and services.
In Argentina, working with six social organiza-
tions in the northern provinces o Chaco, Formosa,
Misiones and Tucuman, UNDP coordinated the
development o a microfnance management model
as a way to fght poverty. The eort was specifcally
in line with a 2006 Argentinean piece o legislation
that provides or the promotion o microcredits
to the poor. By the end o 2008, over 3,500 micro-
entrepreneurs had accessed 11,000 microloans
through the initiative; 70 percent o the benefciaries
were women, hal o whom were heads o household.Within a year o receiving their frst loan, benefcia-
ries have, on average, doubled their amily income.
The total bad debts have amounted to slightly more
than one percent and disbursed unds have revolved
more than fve times. The programme is currently
being replicated in fve more provinces.
An important part o UNDPs pro-poor work
is strengthening the abilities o people and institu-
tions, a policy that results in sustainable, long-term
achievements. There must be a strategic plan thataddresses the technical, fnancial and institutional
A Randan hgh choo udn
rarch a choo projc n Maang
Mnnum vag fr inrn ca,
a On UN na.
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 12
resources needed to transorm success into every-
day practice. Over the past decade, thanks to the
cooperation o various international institutions,
signifcant progress has been made in managing the
return and reintegration o reugees and displaced
persons to their pre-war homes and communities
in Bosnia-Herzegovina. But that assistance is now
on the decline and, with 40,000 returning amilies,local and central government institutions must step
up their policy and coordination eorts in order to
develop not just an eective return strategy but also
the know-how and resources or the longer-term
development o the country. For the past fve years
UNDP along with the European Commission, the
UN High Commissioner or Reugees (UNHCR)
and various government ministries and municipal
governments has been working with govern-
ment agencies to establish systems and procedureso sustainable return in line with international aid
eectiveness standards, such as the Paris Declaration.
At the local level, close to 1,500 households have
been reconstructed with special emphasis on cross-
border and minority benefciaries and 51 technical
inrastructure projects have been completed, includ-
ing roads and and management systems or water,
electricity and solid waste.
Human development cannot be achieved with-out taking the role o women into account. Poverty
oten hits women and women-headed households
the hardest, and women have ewer economic and
political opportunities to improve their well-being
and that o their amilies. In Pakistan, UNDP, in
partnership with ood corporations, has developed
an innovative three-year programme designed to
enhance the role o rural women in the livestock and
dairy sector, in direct response to the stated needs
o the Government. Lady Livestock Workers areselected rom the communities they serve, undergo
Th Und Naon Capa Dopmn Fund
(UNCDF) suppts ast dvpd cuntis
(lDCs) with ca dvpmnt pgamms, an
intvntin that acats bck gants t ca
gvnmnts accding t piitis stabishd
by the beneciaries themselves. UNCDF facilitates
this pcss with capacity dvpmnt and tch-
nica assistanc. Basd n ssns and at th
local level, UNCDF provides evidence-based policy
advic t gvnmnts and thby cntibuts t
th m th nti ca gvnmnt systm
and atd gisatin.
In spns t th cunt dicut nancia
environment, UNCDF together with its local and
natina patns has initiatd innvativ ways utiizing ca dvpmnt pgamms as
patms dvising scia ptctin schms
at th ca gvnmnt v. In Npa, as pat
a Gvnmnt ca gvnanc and cmmunity
development programme, UNCDF has piloted
cnditina cash tanss t p amiis, a pcss
that is managd by viag dvpmnt cmmit-
ts, th wst ti in th ca gvnmnt systm.
In lao PDR, as pat a wid jint pgamm
with UNDP, UNCDF is exploring options for pilot-
ing distict-managd saty-nt pgamms,
ik wka and cnditina cash tanss. In
Randa, the UNCDF and UNDP joint programme
Projet dAppui au Dveloppement Communautaire
de Gicumbi et Rulindo suppts a Gvnmnt p-
gamm that is wking t nhanc th dis-
ticts and scts in mniting and administating
a cash tans pgamm tagting th pst
amiis in th distict.
UNCDF local development programmes have
as supptd th ca gvnmnts in
th ctiv managmnt natua sucs,
xamp, by intducing and ncing a baanc
btwn th dmand and suppy sid scac
natua sucs in a mann that accmmdats
th nds cmmunitis whi nsuing thisustainabiity th ng tm. In tms ca
economic development, UNCDF programmes
nhanc nabing nvinmnts thugh ctiv
invstmnts in cnmic inastuctu, suppt
impvmnts in guaty nvinmnts and
th pmtin spnsiv businss dvp-
mnt svics and incusiv nancia scts. Ths
pgamms a as suitab patms buid-
ing capacity and channing invstmnt sucs
cimat chang adaptatin at th ca gvn-
mnt v.
UNCDF: sUPPORtiNG sOCiAl PROteCtiON iN A tiMe OF CRisis
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hands-on training in livestock health management
and are given toolkits made up o medical instru-
ments, medicines and vaccines. They then return to
their communities where they provide vital livestock
services to the rural poor. These women, who oten
had no income beore the programme, now make
as much as $37 a month, increasing household cash
ow and ood security. They were also encouraged to
undertake small business initiatives through access
to microloans. By the end o 2008, almost 75,000
households had benefted directly, with 2,900 women
trained in livestock health and care and over 2,000
o those women now sel-employed.
As a trusted development partner and co-
sponsor o the Joint United Nations Programme
on HIV/AIDS, UNDP has a special mandate to put
HIV and AIDS at the centre o national development
and poverty reduction strategies. In Chad, UNDP is
unding a government initiative to bring HIV and
AIDS awareness, prevention and advocacy eorts to
the countrys rural population, most o whom still
see the disease as an urban problem. As a result o
one 2008 eort, close to 8,000 rural religious and vil-
lage leaders were brought together or community
conversation sessions on the topic o HIV and AIDS.
Each o those leaders then took on the responsibil-
ity to relay the inormation they learned to at least
six people in their communities, totaling more than
46,000 people.
13 UNDP on th Gund: Pvty rductin
in egp, UNDP uppord a programm amd
a hpng mcronrprnur n mo poor,
urban ara o ar up, uan and pand
ncom-gnrang nrpr. snc 2007, h
projc ha bn -uanng.
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 14
Dmocrac Gornanc: Brngng hom h por o chang.
tHe eFFeCts o poor democratic governance are
inextricably linked to poverty, HIV and AIDS, civil
wars and climate change. Indeed, development can-
not happen unless governments at all levels are
responsive, transparent and accountable to their
citizens, especially the poorest and most marginal-
ized. In 2008, UNDPs global democratic governance
team contributed to the work o 129 UNDP Country
Ofces with initiatives strengthening national par-
liaments and provided direct support to countries.
Demand grew rom programme countries or sup-
port in enhancing public policy dialogues and par-
ticipatory decision-making, especially at the local
level; countries have also requested assistance in
developing institutional governance capacity in order
to address a host o issues, rom demining in a post-
conict setting to the particular challenges posed
by HIV and AIDS. Additionally, UNDP is currently
responding to requests rom 70 programme coun-
tries or support in aligning democratic governance
with international principles, especially in terms o
promoting the rights o vulnerable groups, including
women.
UNDP has a number o initiatives that address
governance issues on both a broad regional level,
as well as national and local levels. In 2008, UNDP
provided a combination o technical, fnancial and
policy support to nascent or struggling democra-
cies, including the Maldives, Papua New Guinea and
Tanzania. The Deepening Democracy in Tanzania
Dmocrac Gornanc:Binging hm th pw t chang
A UNDP-uppord con ca cnr n
Aghanan rcd nar ha a mon
ca b h nd o 2008.
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15 UNDP On the Ground: Democratic Governance
Programme, supported by UNDP along with the
Government and international donors, provides
technical and nancial assistance to institutions
including the parliament, electoral management
bodies, political parties, civil society and the media
essential to the strengthening o the multiparty sys-
tem there, which was reintroduced in 1992. UNDP
activities have ranged rom reviewing the legal and
institutional ramework or democratic development
in the country to supporting the voter registration
process.
UNDP is instrumental in promoting the oppor-
tunity o citizens to participate in political decision-making, particularly those o women and the poor.
UNDP supports, on average, an election every two
weeks, while at the same time encouraging more
women to enter politics and investing in a ree and
inormed media. For example, this past year, UNDP
has played an instrumental part in major democratic
elections in Bangladesh (see page 18) and Iraq.
In Zambia, UNDP collaborated with the Electoral
Commission o Zambia in late 2008 to transorm a
potentially contentious presidential election ol-lowing the sudden illness and death o its president
into a successul and peaceul one, all with little
notice and within a 90-day timerame. UNDP had
a pivotal role in harmonizing and managing inter-
national support or the elections and helped the
Commission in the selection and training o 50,000
electoral ocers and in the basic procurement o
essential materials like ballot box seals, staining inks
and ballot papers.
In Lebanon, UNDP supported electoral reorm
eorts through a number o activities, including the
launch o a national public awareness campaign on
electoral reorm and the printing and dissemina-
tion o over 50,000 copies o drat law booklets inArabic, English and French to libraries, universities
and the public. Along with the Lebanese Council o
Women, UNDP sponsored 27 thematic and regional
workshops, including 12 on womens participation in
parliamentary elections.
UNDP believes that only careully planned and
managed decentralized governance will give com-
munities the opportunity to infuence decision
makers, and those decision makers the capacity to
act in response. That is why in the Former YugoslavRepublic of Macedonia, UNDP is partnering with
UNDP SUPPortS electioNS aND ParliameNtS acroSS the globe 20062008
Every two weeks, UNDP works with a government on an election somewhere in the world.
ElectionsParliaments
The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply ofcial endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. Dotted linerepresents approximately the Line o Control in Jammu and Kashmir agreed upo n by India and Pakistan. The fnal status o Jammu and K ashmir has not yet been agreedupon by the parties. Appears without prejudice to the question o sovereignty.
Source: UN Cartographic Unit and Bureau or Development Policy/UNDP
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 16
the Ministry o Local Sel-Government, in addition
to various municipalities, to improve the quality o
public services at the local level. For example, three
rural municipalities o equal size established joint
administrations or urban planning, tax collection
and local inspections. In addition, the programme
updated the taxpayers database in fve o these
municipalities, which increased the number o tax-
payers by 30 percent, while also sponsoring a local
awareness-raising campaign on citizen tax rights and
obligations. UNDP has started implementing the
programme in fve more municipalities. In Nigeria,
UNDP is working with the Government to build a
strong, broad-based tax regime that can acilitate the
shit away rom taris and other trade barriers by
ostering alternative sources o public revenue and
by improving the fscal inrastructure to collect those
revenues efciently, transparently and accurately.
Tax reorm is a key part o Nigerias economic and
public sector reorm, especially as a way to reduce the
current overwhelming disparities between the rich
and the poor and to diversiy economic revenue gen-
eration rom an over-dependence on oil revenue to
non-oil sources such as customs taris, value-added
tax and sales tax. As a result o the project, a user-
riendly taxpayer data warehousing system was estab-
lished so that Nigerias Internal Revenue Service can
keep track o taxpayer data; sta were then trained
Wmn a xtmy vunab t shiting pat-
tns in gba makts in th absnc masus
that ptct thm. This vunabiity cam t th
nt duing th d cisis sinc wmn nt
ny assum pimay spnsibiity ding
thi amiis but as cntibut as much as 50 t
80 pcnt agicutua abu in sub-Sahaan
Aica and Asia. Simiay, wmns mpymntand migatin a as shapd by gba tnds.
Th bain dain m Suth t Nth pp
with ttiay ducatin has cnty bcm mi-
nizd, with m pssina wmn migating
than mn. This has impicatins wmns c-
nmic adship in dvping cuntis.
Ths and th ndings a psntd in
Progress o the Worlds Women 2008/2009, Who
Answers to Women? Gender and Accountability,
asd by th Und Naon Dopmn
Fund or womn (UNiFeM). UNIFEMs biennial
fagship pubicatin vas that much stng
accuntabiity mchanisms tacking pg-
ss n gnd quaity a ndd in d t
mt natina and intnatina cmmitmnts t
wmns ights. T dat, wmn a utnumbd
u t n in gisatus aund th wd; v
60 pcnt a unpaid amiy wks gbay a
wmn; wmn sti an n avag 17 pcnt
ss than mn, and abut n-thid wmn
su gnd-basd vinc duing thi ivs.
In sm pats th wd, n in 10 wmn dis
m pgnancy-atd causs vn thugh th
mans pvnting matna mtaity a cst-
ctiv and w knwn.
Gnd gaps n this sca a symptmatic
an accuntabiity cisis. Th pt pints ut that
accuntabiity mchanisms wk wmn whn
thy can ask xpanatins and inmatin
m dcisin maks and, wh ncssay, initi-
at invstigatins gt cmpnsatin. Wmnmust b incudd in vsight pcsss, and
advancing wmns ights must b a ky standad
against which th pmanc pubic cias is
assssd and, i ncssay, sanctind.
Progress o the Worlds Women 2008/2009 p-
vids an assssmnt ach th MDGs m a
gnd pspctiv and cuss n v ky aas
wh ugnt actin is quid t stngthn
accuntabiity t wmn: pitics and gvnanc,
accss t pubic svics, cnmic pptuni-
tis, justic and th distibutin intnatina
assistanc dvpmnt and scuity. In ach
ths aas th pt dtais mans buid-
ing stat capacity gd gvnanc m
a wmns ights pspctiv. Yt th pubicatin
as pints ut that mutiata aid and scuity
institutins can d much m t mt thi wn
cmmitmnts and standads n gnd quaity.
T dat, n agd systm-wid tacking mcha-
nism xists within mutiatas such as th UN and
th intnatina nancia institutins t assss
th amunt aid acatd t gnd quaity
wmns mpwmnt.
UNiFeM: DeMANDiNG ACCOUNtABility tO wOMeN
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17 UNDP on th Gund: Dmcatic Gvnanc
in the use o the system and the database was linked
to the countrys Corporate Aairs Commission or
regular updates on newly registered companies.
The project also published a report that provided
an analysis o collected taxpayer data, a listing o
potential taxpayers and strategies or improved tax
compliance.
In India, meanwhile, UNDP is providing tech-nical support and expertise to the central govern-
ment in the implementation o the National Rural
Employment Guarantee Act through the creation
o a technical advisory group that includes experts
in monitoring, training and communications and
management inormation systems. The Act is an
unprecedented piece o poverty-fghting legislation
that guarantees 100 days o work every year to every
rural household whose adult members volunteer
to do unskilled manual work at minimum wages;
otherwise, workers will be paid a daily unemploy-
ment allowance. Among other results, UNDP has
promoted greater awareness on entitlements under
the Act and has improved transparency through
innovative pilots to monitor wage payment throughATMs and smart card technology in rural areas in
fve states: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Kerala, Orissa and
Uttar Pradesh. In order to improve implementation,
UNDP is also acilitating partnerships between the
Government and a host o proessional institutions.
in parnrhp h h Gornmn o ia
and lbanon, UNDP upporng daogu
bn lban and Panan ouh n
h counr norhrn rgon.
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 18
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Bangadh is a dnsy ppuatd dvping
natin that has bn th bunt cimat chang
cts as it cntinus t b butd by ws than
usua cycns, fds and mnsns ya at
ya. Athugh its cnmy has shwn its t ba siint n in th past, th cnt intnatina
nancia and cmmdity ciss a thatning its
dvpmnt gas as its gss dmstic pduct
(GDP) gwth bgins t sw and wks mit-
tancs m abad dp .
last ya, UNDP pvd its a ky patn in
th ng and cmpx ppaatins Dcmbs
paiamntay ctin, th st in svn yas. I a
stab, tustd gvnmnt is a cucia cmpnnt
achiving dvpmnt gas, thn th ctin
cam nn t sn as Bangadsh acs wak
cnmic gwth du t th gba cnmic
dwntun. Widspad and systmic ts at c-
tin m sutd in a high at tanspancy
and vt paticipatin. In assciatin with nin
dns and th Bangadsh ectin Cmmissin,
UNDP hpd t cat a cdib pht vts ist,
which sutd in a stat th at cta
v 81 miin pp. UNDP was paticuay
instumnta in pviding tchnica assistanc and,
as a sut, 500,000 ctin wks w taind
in th us m than 10,000 aptps with wb-
cams and ngpint scanns. Bynd th num-bs, th initiativ nabd a signicanty and
ai cta pcss that is paving th way a
dpning dmcacy in Bangadsh.
Signicant pbms xist in Bangadsh
with u aw, cuptin and accss t justic,
a which act th p, wmn and yung
people the most. Four years ago, UNDP initiated
a pic m pgamm in cpatin with
th Bangadsh Pic and th Ministy Hm
Aais and dn patns that aims t impv
th cincy and ctivnss th natina
pic, spciay in th aas cim pvntin,
invstigatins and human suc managmnt
and taining. With th st phas cming t a
cs, th initiativ has sn a numb signi-
cant changs, incuding th stabishmnt v
20,000 cmmunity pic ganizatins ddicatd
t buiding a cs atinship with ca pp;
th catin th Bangadsh Pic Wmns
ntwk; th adptin gnd guidins by th
pic; th taining 3,000 pic cs in invs-
tigativ tchniqus, adship and managmnt
skis; and th stabishmnt a spcia natina
unit ddicatd t cmbating human tacking.rcnt suvys, incuding n cnductd by th
Asia Foundation, show that people in Bangladesh
biv that pic pmanc has impvd v
th past tw yas.
Manwhi, xpts a pdicting that as sa
vs cntinu t is, Bangadsh cud s up
t 15 t 18 pcnt its and aa, making 30 mi-
lion people environmental refugees by 2050. For
an aady vppuatd and and-scac cunty,
th scia uphava suting m cimat chang-
inducd mass migatin cud hav dvastating
cts, making UNDPs wk th a th m
cucia.
Th is an ugnt nd t impv its m-
gncy spns panning at th distict and w
vs in additin t incasing its ads abiity
t mak dcisins that can sav ivs and ivi-
hds and psv scuity. T that nd, UNDP has
patnd with th Gvnmnt and intnatina
dns t nact th Bangadsh Cmphnsiv
Disast Managmnt Pgamm. Th Pgamm
has stabishd a vast ntwk m than 75
gvnmnt, CSo and institutina patns, aswell as UN organizations, including the Food and
Agicutu oganizatin th Unitd Natins
(FAO). The Programme has helped establish a
natina disast managmnt gisativ and
guaty amwk addssing isk ductin
and spns. ov 25,000 pp hav civd
disast managmnt taining and, phaps mst
signicanty, natinay accptd isk assssmnt
and ductin panning guidins us by
a nn-stat ganizatins w dvpd. Th
Pgamm aunchd a maj athquak isk
assssmnt th Bangadshs maj cit-
is, stabishd a natina Disast Managmnt
Inmatin Cnt with tcmmunicatin inks
t a 64 distict hadquats and th Dpatmnt
envinmnt nw incuds a Cimat Chang
C, ddicatd t cnvting gba casts int
natina impact statmnts.
A Bangadh poc ofcr hp an
nfrm oman a a pong aon durngh 2008 con.
UP CloSeChang hrough Gornanc n Bangadh
19 UNDP on th Gund: Dmcatic Gvnanc
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 20
Cr Prnon and Rcor:Scuity in th ac cisis
ReCOGNitiON is growing that violent conict and
natural disasters are major obstacles to human devel-
opment and the achievement o the MDGs. As the
world enters a new, volatile period, strengthening
national capacities or crisis prevention and man-
agement will become increasingly crucial. Given its
ocus on ensuring national ownership in support o
capacity development, UNDP has a central role to
play in assisting countries in preventing and miti-
gating the eects o crises, as well as in promoting
recovery. The demand or support in crisis preven-
tion and recovery is growing with most o it in the
area o disaster risk reduction with UNDP work-
ing in this area in 83 developing countries in 2008.
UNDP has ocused its support on crisis risk reduc-
tion, assisting post-crisis governance o recovery pro-
cesses and restoring the oundations or development
or crisis-aected communities.
The restoration o security at the community
level, the rebuilding o social cohesion and the pro-
motion o reconciliation are essential to durable
recovery in the atermath o violent conict. In 2008,
UNDP supported a number o countries in ostering
post-crisis community security and social cohesion,
including the development o national and local
capacities or mine action, reducing the availability
o small arms and the incidence o armed violence,
and supporting the return and reintegration o
conict-aected individuals and groups. UNDP sup-
ported a ban on cluster munitions and the Geneva
Declaration on Armed Violence and Development,
which resulted in the adoption o the Convention on
Cluster Munitions, signed by 95 countries.
On average, UNDP responds to a dozen natural
disaster or conict situation crises each year, cri-
ses that dramatically transorm the work it does in
countries, sometimes or years to come as people
aected need urgent support to rebuild their lives.
UNDP is playing a lead role in the UN system in
terms o early recovery planning, a separate but par-
allel process within any humanitarian setting. A rela-
tively new concept, early recovery addresses a critical
gap in coverage between humanitarian relie and
long-term recovery in other words, between reli-
ance and sel-sufciency. UNDP is the lead coordina-
tor o the UNs Inter-Agency Standing Committee
Cluster Working Group on Early Recovery, which
aims to close the critical gap between humanitar-
ian relie and the onset o longer-term recovery and
development.
At the country level, UNDP provided early
recovery support to 20 countries in 2008. A key ocus
o this support was on strengthening post-crisis
governance by reinorcing government capacity
at national and local levels, such as helping com-munities to regain livelihoods in Belize, China, the
Dominican Republic, Georgia and Sudan; sup-
porting the return and reintegration processes in
Mauritania, Turkeyand Sri Lanka; and restoring the
rule o law and community security in the Central
African Republic and Chad. UNDP also developed
a new global programme on strengthening the rule
o law in conict and post-conict countries in 2008
that places special emphasis on womens access to
justice, institution-building and transitional justice.
UNDP, h uppor rom h Gornmn
o Japan, orkd h h iraq Gornmn
o mpro crc upp n h KurdhRgon.
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21 UNDP on th Gund: Cisis Pvntin and rcvy
As part o its crisis recovery work in 2008, UNDP
trained hundreds o Iraqi ofcials and created thou-
sands o short-term jobs that indirectly benefted
millions o citizens in Iraq. It set up a reconciliation
programme that included workshops and study tours
or Iraqi business, political, CSO and media leaders.
In support o the rule o law it created a database
o all applicable Iraqi laws since 1917, searchable by
anyone with Internet access and trained Iraqi lawyers
in its use. Additionally, with the new Government
starting to take its place in international aairs, and
looking or loans as well as grants, UNDP opened a
loan acilitation ofce; within a short time, the coun-
try received a $140 million loan rom Japan or elec-tricity equipment.
Since 1985, UNDP has been working in the Gaza
Strip, where it has directly implemented projects
worth over $321 million. Immediately ollowing
last Decembers escalated violence there, UNDPs
Programme of Assistance to the Palestinian People
(UNDP/PAPP) initiated early recovery eorts in
Gaza an area o ongoing instability that began
with distributing ood packages to over 30,000
Palestinians and deploying its SURGE early recoveryexperts (see page 36 or SURGE) to assist in recovery
and reconstruction assessments. Beyond such imme-
diate responses, however, UNDP recognizes that
economic recovery is a key element o any successul
plan o post-crisis recovery. As a result, it commis-
sioned a household survey in order to understand
the recovery priorities o the people living in Gaza
as well as signing an agreement with the Palestinian
Authority to provide $50 million to und cash assis-
tance packages to aected people. Most crucially, per-
haps, in recognition o the Gazan economys heavy
reliance on agriculture, UNDP agreed to implement
a $270 million project to und compensations or
damaged agricultural property, with approximately
8,000 armer households beneftting rom the initialphase o the agreement. UNDP/PAPP also has been
working with the local government in the occupied
Palestinian territories since 2006 to establish a sel-
sustaining system that transitions hard hit poor ami-
lies rom being recipients o humanitarian assistance
to independent providers o income. Specifcally, in
consultation with the Islamic Development Bank and
the Ministries o Social Aairs, Planning and Labour,
UNDP helped to identiy amilies in need and to set
up a social saety net mechanism through which 189amilies received grants and microloans in order to
Cnfict Pvntin and rcvyDisast risk rductin and rcvyeay rcvy
UNDP sUPPORts CRisis PReveNtiON AND ReCOveRy ACtivities iN MANy COUNtRies 20062008UNDP spnds t natua disasts and cnfict situatins, piitizing gnd quaity in a its cvy ts.
Th bundais and nams shwn and th dsignatins usd n this map d nt impy cia ndsmnt accptanc by th Unitd Natins. Dttd inpsnts appximaty th lin Cnt in Jammu and K ashmi agd upn by India and Pakistan. Th na status Jammu and Kashmi has nt yt bn agdupn by th patis. Appas withut pjudic t th qustin svignty.
Suc: UN Catgaphic Unit and UNDP
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 22
begin their own sel-sustaining businesses; as a result,
some amilies have seen their income rise by as much
as $150 per month.
UNDP believes that it is especially critical to
take into account the needs and experiences o girls
and women during crisis, and to promote womens
empowerment and gender equality in all areas o cri-
sis prevention and recovery. As such, it supports the
inclusion and enorcement o laws to protect women;
works to provide legal aid, access to justice and legal
reorms or women; promotes womens participa-
tion and leadership, at both the institutional and
community-based level; insists on involving women
in all stages o the peace and recovery processes; and
strengthens womens education networks.
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
UNDP is currently supporting the Government in
promoting the rule o law and in improving the
capacity o local CSOs to develop a network o 150
paralegals and lawyers who specialize in gender-
based violence. Additionally, UNDP with the UN
Country Team is working with the Government
to strengthen its role in preventing gender-based
violence in eastern DRC, bringing perpetrators to
justice, ensuring survivors receive comprehensive
response and redress and building the oundations
or the rehabilitation o perpetrators as a way to
achieve reconciliation and social cohesion. In Timor-
Leste, over 700 women participated in the UNDP-
sponsored Women in Sel-Employment Programme,
receiving vital vocational training that allowed
them to start their own businesses, contributing to
economic recovery and improved conditions or
the return and resettlement o internally displacedpopulations. In Kosovo, UNDPs Womens Saety
and Security Initiative strengthened the protection
o women and girls and advocated or their increased
saety. As a result, eorts to combat trafcking are
now a key priority o Government and other institu-
tions and have led to the adoption o the national
Law Against Domestic Violence and the Strategy
Against Domestic Violence.
As climate change orces millions o the worlds
poorest to cope with its impact, responding to natu-ral disasters is increasingly becoming a key ocus in
UNDPs crisis prevention and recovery program-
ming. UNDP is committed to strengthening its
support to disaster-prone countries where capac-
ity to manage and reduce disaster risks is currently
insufcient. UNDP works with high-risk countries
to establish methods o mitigation including early
warning systems, building codes or disaster sensitive
local development plans.
Fulflling its role as the main coordinating
agency or UN recovery eorts, UNDP worked with
FAO, the World Food Programme (WFP) and the
International Labour Organization in both immedi-
ate and long-term recovery eorts in Guatemala,
ollowing the widespread destruction wrought by
Hurricane Stan in 2005. The UN Post-Stan Joint
Emergency Programme supported eorts by the
Government o Guatemala and local CSOs in the
identifcation and design o new urban communities
that were considered sae sites ollowing environ-
mental impact studies. By March 2009, hundreds
o amilies had moved into the towns, all o which
were newly built rom the ground up, while hun-
dreds more had built new homes on their own plots
o land. In total, 2,179 amilies saw new homes and
services rebuilt while 2,300 aected adults returned
to the workorce ater beneftting rom training as
bricklayers, electricians, blacksmiths and plumb-
ers. By the end o 2009 another 11 communities and
1,157 new homes will be rebuilt. Meanwhile, the
initiative has been expanded to other, non-aected
but at-risk communities in our other administrative
areas in Guatemala. Finally, the programmes model
o disaster-proo housing double the size o basic
housing has been included as a model o dignifedpopular housing in Guatemalas recently passed New
Housing Law.
Immediately ollowing the May 2008 earthquake
in China, UNDP mobilized support or disaster relie
and early recovery activities in collaboration with the
Government, including the distribution o shelter
materials like tents, quilts, blankets and emergency
lights to 315,000 people. Additionally, it supported
model participatory planning sessions on reconstruc-
tion in 19 communities, a process that is slated tobe replicated in 5,400 villages struck by the disaster.
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23 UNDP on th Gund: Cisis Pvntin and rcvy
In Myanmar, UNDP was the only UN agency with
feld ofces located in the Irrawaddy Delta prior to
Cyclone Nargis, which hit the country in May 2008,
leaving more than 138,000 dead or missing and 2.4
million severely aected by the crisis. UNDP played
a coordinating role with government authorities
and collaborated closely with relie agencies includ-
ing WFP, International Organization or Migration,
the UN Childrens Fund (UNICEF) and UNHCR
in the transportation and distribution o urgently
needed relie items. UNDP medical teams also trav-
eled through villages in the Delta, treating some
o the nearly 20,000 ofcially reported as injured.
Recognizing the need or advanced planning or
longer-term recovery, UNDP has initiated a two-
year, early recovery strategy programme in 250 vil-
lages that began running alongside emergency relie
eorts. The programme has now reached more than
500 villages, with a plan to expand to 750 villages by
the end o 2009. UNDP is providing a range o sup-
port or the rehabilitation o livelihoods, the rebuild-
ing o community organizations, the reconstruction
o buildings and village inrastructure and or disas-
ter risk reduction and preparedness planning at a
community and township level.
In 2008, in response to recent natural disasters in
the Indonesian province o Aceh as well as the sign-
ing o peace accords three years ago, UNDP is now
implementing an integrated strategy o three related
programmes designed to consolidate peace, reduce
the impact o uture natural disasters and build
the oundations or a sustainable economic recov-
ery that benefts all citizens in the region, aected
or not. As part o Aceh Partnerships or EconomicDevelopment, UNDP worked with the provincial
government in, among other things, assessing the
potential export demand or coee and cocoa; estab-
lishing a locally-led Coee Forum as a legal entity to
represent the industry in Aceh; distributing 37,600
agricultural tools and equipment to coee coopera-
tives and almost 12,000 armers; and applying an
innovative supply chain model which resulted in
substantial export orders o some $10 million. Rural
poverty is on the decline in Aceh, and a key compo-
nent o that decline is the recovery o agriculture to
pre-tsunami levels and beyond.
UNDP recognizes that the exchange o resources,
technology and knowledge between developing
countries or South-South cooperation is key
to successul development eorts, including crisis
prevention and recovery. In Haiti, UNDP worked
with the Government to implement a successul
Brazilian model or waste collection activities. The
project employs 385 residents in a Port-au-Prince
slum to collect and process solid waste, which is then
turned into cooking briquettes. As a result, huge
piles o trash blocking drainage canals have been
removed, a problem that had been contributing to
severe ooding.In order to bring about improved system-wide
coherence in terms o crisis response, in 2008 the UN
with UNDP and the World Bank agreed to ormalize
their cooperation in crisis and post-crisis situations,
laying out common guiding principles or working
with national authorities and other partners. The
agreement also called on the World Bank and UN
agencies to improve inter-agency communications,
strengthen joint planning, increase collaboration
on unding and streamline the transer o fnancialresources between agencies.
UNDP connu o uppor commun
n indona ar h 2004 unam. Hr
orkr car a pond o brd fh.
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 24
UNDPs wk in Mozambqu highights bth its
cmmitmnt t a mutiata appach and its
abiity t wk with gvnmnts in muating
spnss t th mutip ciss cunty cking
th gb. Sinc 1976, Mzambiqu has sudm at ast 45 signicant incidncs natua
disasts, incuding fds, cycns, dughts and
athquaks. In Januay 2008, whi sti cv-
ing m th dvastating fds ay 2007,
Mzambiqu again xpincd a maj fd situ-
atin, suting m high vs aina as w as
psistnt havy ains in nighbuing cuntis.
Th human cst and cnmic impact
ths disasts has bn vy high. This
can b cay i ustatd by th 2000 fds,
which ducd th GDP gwth at m v
10 pcnt t ss than tw pcnt, with dict
and indict sss stimatd at $488 miin. As
much as 25 pcnt Mzambiqus ppuatinacs a high mtaity isk m natua hazads,
and it anks as th scnd mst ggaphicay
xpsd cunty in Aica. UNDP, in cpatin
with svn th UN agncis as n th gund
in Mzambiqu, is taking pat in a jint p-
gamm t stngthn disast isk ductin and
mgncy ppadnss in Mzambiqu as pat
th Diving as on UN m mvmnt,
which aims t stamin a UN activitis, picis
UP CloSeRpondng o Cr n Mozambqu
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and appachs at th cunty-v. UNDP has
pvidd tchnica and nancia suppt and is
taking th ad in advcating a btt intga-
tin disast isk ductin statgis in bth
natina and ca dvpmnt panning. It is asading a dn wking gup n disast isk
ductin as w as cnducting a study n th
sci-anthpgica issus in pst-fd stt-
mnt pcsss. Additinay, th initiativ ang
with Mzambiqus Natina Disast Managmnt
Institut has aunchd a natina isk inmatin
systm t hp cias mak dcisins; ppad a
natina isk map that highights vunab aas
Mzambiqus ggaphy; and stabishd a
way Mzambiqu t systmaticay cmpi
and anayz disast sss. Mst imptanty and
tangiby th initiativs succss has cntibutd
t a hug dcas in daths du t natua disas-
ts in Mzambiqu. In 2008, aund 20 ppw kid by th cmbind cts fds and
cycns. Svn yas pviusy, duing a ya that
xpincd a simia but natua disasts, that
numb was 600.
In 2008, incasing d and u pics d t
its, aising pubic cncns in tms th cun-
tys stabiity. A spcia ca was mad by Psidnt
Amand Gubuza assistanc in mitigating
th cts th gba d cisis n th cunty.
In spns t this ca, UNDP quicky pvidd
suppt a apid tchnica assistanc actin in
which it pvidd ssntia agicutua quip-
mnt and ts t yuth agicutua assciatins
as w as ams in th isatd, dught-iddn
suthn pvincs, incuding tacts, quipmnt
t incas wat iigatin and a ic mi. Aady
th yuth assciatins hav ppad hundds
hctas aab and and, with th us
th iigatin quipmnt, thy hav stppd up
pductin ic, maiz and cabbag by an sti-
matd 30 pcnt. on a bad v, th initiativ
bth stngthnd and aignd th capacity th
Gvnmnt and CSos at natina, pvincia andca vs t pan, impmnt and mnit sci-
cnmic dvpmnt, with a spcia cus n
nsuing pps accss t businss and nancia
svics.
A mob emrgnc Opraon Cnr
a up n Gaza Pronc o coordna
muad r opraon n prparaon
or Mozambqu n naura dar.
25 UNDP on th Gund: Cisis Pvntin and rcvy
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 26
As DevelOPiNG COUNtRies and donors ocus on
fnding immediate solutions to pressing economic
challenges, environmental sustainability is again
taking a secondary position. Environmental concerns
are more urgent now than ever since poverty reduc-
tion and long-term prosperity cannot be achieved
without an unwavering ocus on sustainable devel-
opment. As the UNs global development network
UNDP recognizes that climate change calls or a
new development paradigm, one that mainstreams
climate change into development planning at all
levels, links development policies with the fnanc-
ing o solutions and helps countries move towards
less carbon intensive, yet sustainable economies.
In 2008, UNDP endorsed a new climate change
strategy, which supports the capacity o developing
countries to make inormed policy and investment
decisions to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions,
reduce poverty and accelerate the achievement o the
MDGs. The strategy also sets out how UNDP works
with UN agencies, the Global Environment Facility
(GEF) consisting o UNDP, the UN Environment
Programme (UNEP) and the World Bank civil
society and the private sector.
UNDP promotes both climate change mitiga-
tion and adaptation eorts since both are essential
to meet the climate change challenge. On mitiga-
tion, UNDPs eorts include promoting greater
energy efciency in all sectors and uses, increased
utilization o a wide range o renewable energies,
increased energy access or the poor, policy reorm
and capacity development. On the adaptation side,
UNDP supports countries as they work to integrate
climate risks into national development policy and
plans, develop fnancing options to meet national
adaptation costs and share adaptation knowledge
and experiences.UNDPs value-added in preventing
and mitigating the eects o climate change lies in
its strong presence on the ground in 166 countries
in terms o both operational capacity and expertise,
including both experts on climate change policy and
proessionals in project development, a combina-
tion that allows UNDP to eectively implement
projects at the country level. For example, once the
fnal agreement on the new Kyoto Protocol is made,
UNDP will help member countries to apply or and
manage unds and technology as they work to ul-
fll their part in a new global deal on carbon emis-
sions. In act, UNDP has launched a groundbreaking
capacity development initiative that is working with13 Arican, Asian and Latin American and Caribbean
developing countries to choose three key sectors
or example, energy, agriculture and tourism in
preparation or a national inter-ministerial workshop
on national climate actions and the Bali Action Plan.
Once these sectors are identifed, UNDP will support
countries in assessing the magnitude and intensity o
national eorts needed to tackle climate change, as
well as provide more accurate estimates or the unds
needed to implement mitigation and adaptationactions.
enronmn and suanab Dopmn:Hanssing th gn cnmy
A UNDP parnrhp o rhaba
ar n Uzbkan Mnguak
drc ha d o br drnkng ar
and, conqun, dcrad ra o
ncou da.
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27 UNDP on th Gund: envinmnt and Sustainab Dvpmnt
As the eects o climate change are increasingly
elt in tandem with the eects o the economic cri-
sis, opportunities are arising or real development
change. UNDP is developing new partnerships, plan-
ning tools, public policies and fnancial instruments
that help transorm and create markets that work or
people and the environment. In 2008, UNDP mobi-lized more than $500 million in grant resources and
more than $1 billion in related co-fnancing through
the GEF, the Multilateral Fund o the Montreal
Protocol and other major initiatives. By helping to
protect orests around the world, UNDP both pro-
tects community livelihoods and helps to drive down
carbon emissions. The Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change estimates that the cutting down o
orests is now contributing close to 20 percent o the
overall greenhouse gases that are entering the atmo-sphere, making the goal o reducing deorestation
an urgent and immediate one. UNDP, in partner-
ship with FAO and UNEP, is leading global eorts
to make this happen. In July 2008, the three agen-
cies partnered with the Government o Norway to
fnance the frst phase o the UN Reduced Emissions
rom Deorestation and Forest Degradation
Programme (UN REDD) with $35 million. UNREDD is assisting developing countries in the cre-
ation o national REDD strategies, the monitoring
o orest cover and carbon stocks and the implemen-
tation o pilot projects on orest management that
maintain ecosystems and maximize carbon stocks
while delivering community and livelihood benefts.
A GEF-unded Coal Bed Methane Recovery and
Commercial Utilization programme in India dem-
onstrates that recovering methane during and ater
the extraction o coal is commercially easible and,once captured, can be used as a clean uel or
ReNewABle eNeRGy CReAtes MANy tyPes OF JOBs iN MANy seCtORs:UNDP is dvping nw patnships, panning ts, pubic picis and nancia instumnts that hp tansm andcat makts that wk pp and th nvinmnt.
Suc: UNIustatin: Pama Gisma
hor-rm(conrucon,naaon)
nd-urndur
(ranporaon,conrucon)
nmanuacurng
rccngndur
h-coar
(crfdproona,orr)
ong-rm(mannanc,
manuac-urng)
ndrcuppr
ndur(componn,
mara)
abour
(conrucon,armng,mannanc)
ReNewABleeNeRGy
iNDUstRyJOBs
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 28
generating electricity and as uel or trucks. Roughly
180,000 tons o CO2
emissions annually are being
eliminated because o the ongoing nine-year pro-
gramme, equivalent to the emissions o 180,000 cars.
The technology has shown that capturing methane, a
greenhouse gas with high potency, makes both envi-
ronmental and economic sense. The programmes
practices are now included as part o the curricula
in the Indian School o Mines in the eastern city o
Dhanbad, in Jharkhand, and the programme is inu-
encing methane recovery policy in India, includinga mention o the technology in the Governments
latest fve-year plan. Greenhouse gas emissions in
the Russian Federation have been growing steadily
since 1999, along with the economy. A GEF energy-
efciency programme in partnership with the
Government begun in 2002 has already demon-
strated a number o successul solutions or the
building sector. For instance, in 2008, the pro-
gramme expanded to cover efcient lighting or pub-
lic and residential buildings in several provinces. Ithas secured an additional $100 million commitment
rom the Government and other partners that will
signifcantly scale up activities.
As anxieties over recent volatile ood prices inter-
sect with a very real concern about the degradation
o the environment and climate change, UNDP has
programmes in place that support governments in
addressing both these problems. In Rwanda, one o
Aricas poorest and most densely populated coun-
tries, an environmental programme that began in
2006 has already restored 1,300 hectares through
agro-orestry plants such as reeds and ruit-pro-ducing plants along Lake Kivu shores. By the end o
2008, more than 1,100 households have benefted
rom the programme, which was jointly supported
by UNDP and a grant rom the Government o the
Netherlands. The restoration o this vital ecosys-
tem prevents urther soil erosion and thus increases
ood security in Rwanda by giving people the abil-
ity to once again use degraded land or vital crops.
Benefciaries can also collect the mature reeds and
sell them at markets as encing and roofng materi-als. In addition, these reeds will help mitigate urther
UNDP upporng a projc n Ha ha
coc garbag rom a um and rcc
no brqu ud o cook ood.
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29 UNDP on th Gund: envinmnt and Sustainab Dvpmnt
damage to soil rom the onslaught o violent down-
pours that have become increasingly common in
Rwanda as the climate changes.
The fnancial and economic crises impact on
livelihoods and incomes in the developing world has
stressed the absolute importance o taking a pro-
poor approach to biodiversity and ecosystem reha-
bilitation and protection. Indeed, the environment
provides the poor with ood security, uel, shelter
and medicines, along with livelihoods and is an inte-
gral part o ensuring human welare and economic
development. In Benin, a high dependence on wood
or energy is threatening the orestry ecosystem;
compounding the problem is the lack o access to
the harnessing o alternative energies like biogas and
solar power. GEF supports several womens groups
to promote the use o traditional ovens made o
soil. As a result o these eorts, the use o wood has
decreased by 50 percent with a fth o households in
targeted villages using these ovens. In Iran, through
a GEF-unded programme, UNDP is working with
the Government and local communities to cost-
eectively reclaim, through large-scale replanting
and community-devised and led initiatives, range-
land lost to desertifcation. As a direct result o the
projects eorts, one-third o leadership positions
in local resource management committees are held
by women while women made up two-thirds o the
trainees participating in vocational training courses
including sustainable poultry production, wheat
cultivation, livestock vaccination, carpet weaving and
tapestry making.
UNDP is supporting the establishment o
ecotourism industries in ragile ecosystems inCambodia, Morocco, Uzbekistan and Yemen. The
Archipelago o Socotra, o the coast o Yemen, is
one o the 10 most biologically diverse islands in the
world and also one o the poorest and most disad-
vantaged areas in the country. UNDP has been work-
ing with the Government in partnership with donors
to promote ecotourism and sustainable fshing prac-
tices as well as enhancing the capacities o local com-
munities in sustainable livelihood development to
address their basic urgent needs. By the end o 2008,our protected areas had been established in Socotra,
the Archipelago had been listed as a World Heritage
Site by the UN Educational, Scientifc and Cultural
Organization, the monitoring o lobster harvesting
practices had been established and training in eco-
tourism had begun.
In a time o global crisis, it is important not to
orget how dirty water and lack o adequate sanita-
tion damages development. UNDP is developing the
skills and capacities o proessionals across a range
o developing countries in order to better manage
waste and water. And as climate change threatens
to increase water scarcity already almost two mil-
lion children die each year or want o clean water
and adequate sanitation it is more vital than ever
to manage our resources with the utmost care while
ensuring that the knowledge o what works in one
city can be adapted and put to use in others. Solid
waste management is a major issue in Sri Lanka,
where municipalities and local authorities are ill-
equipped to cater to increasing urbanization and
commercialization and at the same time meet the
demand or sanitary and eective disposal o solid
waste. Waste is oten dumped in open areas, marsh-
lands and river banks. Collection is irregular and
slow, leaving piles o rotting garbage by roadsides
and creating a health and environmental hazard to
residents. As part o a post-tsunami environmental
restoration initiative, unded by the Government o
New Zealand, UNDP contributed to a community-
led clean energy initiative in 2008, which worked
with local people to convert biodegradable waste into
biouels and ertilizer through microfnance projects.
Eight urban low-income communities received
fnancing to establish biogas units; some householdsbenefted by using the biogas as cooking uel or by
using the ertilizer or vegetable gardens while oth-
ers benefted rom the fnancing model built around
the ees collected rom the sale o gas and waste col-
lection. Most importantly, the neighbourhood in
general benefted rom a drastic reduction in haphaz-
ardly discarded solid waste and resulting epidemics
like dengue ever.
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UNDP ANNUAl rePorT 2009 30
tHROUGHOUt 2008, the UN system continued to
strengthen its eorts to achieve greater impact in
contributing to national development plans and pri-
orities. The impetus o this eort remains grounded
in UN reorm, ollowing the call rom the UN
General Assembly in 1997 or a more coherent,
eective and efcient UN development system.
However, it has become particularly relevant as
developing countries ace signifcant challenges to
their development gains and achievements, includ-
ing the global fnancial and ood crises and their
impact on the poor, as well as the detrimental eects
o climate change. There are indications that in many
countries, with these recent setbacks, the MDGs
may not be achieved by 2015. The UN development
system recognizes that now, more than ever, it needs
to come together, bringing its numerous mandates
and expertise to most eectively respond to national
priorities and challenges.
As the manager o the Resident Coordinator
(RC) system, UNDP, with its UN partners, remains
ully committed to ensuring that the UN devel-
opment system works together more coherently,
enabling the UN to be a more eective development
partner in contributing to a marked improvement
in the lives o the people in the countries it serves.
UNDP also recognizes, with its UN development
partners, that coherency and eectiveness must be
underpinned by national ownership and alignment
with national agendas and systems; a process o joint
UNDP and the UN System:Focusing on Development
scrar-Gnra Ban K-moon a
Drng a On hbon n tanzana.
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31 UNDP and th UN Systm
planning leading to joint programming; joint advo-
cacy; a transparent and inclusive process o unding
allocation that is in line with national priorities;
and harmonized approaches to business and opera-
tions, to reduce transaction costs and to increase
efciencies. UNDP also recognizes that there must bemutual accountability or results between the RC
and the other members o the UN Country Team,
to ensure that all entities are working together
toward the common goal o supporting national
development plans around agreed-upon programme
priorities.
Important progress was made in 2008in enabling the UN to achieve this greater
As pat its t t suppt UN systm-wid
chnc, UNDP cntinud in 2008 t admin-
ist sucs n bha th UN. Thugh th
Multi-Donor Trust Fund Ofce, UNDP administers
dicty thugh UNDP Cunty ocs a
pti that sinc it bgan in 2004 has gwn t
$3.79 billion encompassing 23 Funds and joint pro-
gamms, cving humanitaian assistanc, pst-
cnfict, pst-cisis cvy, cnstuctin and
dvpmnt in m than 70 cuntis. A numb
of new Funds were established in 2008, such as
Delivering as One Funds in Pakistan, Cape Verde
and Malawi, the UN REDD Programme Fund and
th UN Actin against Sxua Vinc in Cnfict.
In addition, the Peacebuilding Fund has expandedits cvag t six additina cuntis. Th ya
2008 as saw maj dvpmnts t caiy th
and unctins th und administat and
th viw and naizatin standad agmnts
with dns and paticipating agncis ndsd
by th UN Dvpmnt Gup. This t is ad-
ing twad th stamining dn and gvn-
mnt intactin, which wi sav mny and tim
and incas cincy and suts.
The MDG Achievement Fund, established in 2006
with a cntibutin m th Gvnmnt Spain,
suppts MDG achivmnt activitis bught
t th tab by mutip patns at th cunty
level.The Fund presents a valuable opportunity
t advanc UN m thugh cabativ p-
gamming at th natina v, mphasizing th
aid ctivnss pincips utind in th Pais
Dcaatin and th Acca Agnda Actin.
With a minimum quimnt tw UN Agn