Unit 3: Developmental PsychDay 3: Parenting & Attachment
• Essential Question– How do humans develop
physically, cognitively, and socially throughout the lifespan?
• Objectives (write this down!):– I can: distinguish
between permissive, authoritarian, and authoritative parenting
• DAILY COMMENTARY (in a spiral notebook!):– What is the difference
between assimilation and accomodation?
– And: Are you who you are BECAUSE of or IN SPITE of your parents?
• ON DESK or in my email:– Interview project questions
Unit 3: Developmental PsychDay 3: Parenting & Attachment
• Today:– DC– Reviewing Piaget– Parenting Styles– Attachment:
• PsychInquiry Module
– Patterson Article
• HAVE OUT:– LATE: RJ 3.4 & Patterson
Reading:
• For Tonight:– RJ 3.5– RJ 3.6 – Vocab Cards
ONLY
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Sensorimotor Stage: Criticisms
Piaget believed children in the sensorimotor stage could not think —they do not have any abstract concepts or ideas.
However, recent research shows that children in the sensorimotor stage can think and count.
1. Children understand the basic laws of physics. They are amazed at how a ball can stop in midair or disappear.
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Sensorimotor Stage: Criticisms
2. Children can also count. Wynn (1992, 2000) showed that children stared longer at the wrong number of objects than the right ones.
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Preoperational Stage: Criticism
DeLoache (1987) showed that children as young as 3 years of age are able to use mental operations. When shown a model of a dog’s hiding place behind the couch, a 2½-year-old could not locate the stuffed dog in an actual room, but the 3-year-old did.
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Egocentrism
Piaget concluded that preschool children are egocentric. They cannot perceive things from another’s point of view.
When asked to show her picture to mommy, 2-year-old Gabriella holds the picture facing her own eyes, believing that her mother can see it through her eyes.
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Theory of Mind
Preschoolers, although still egocentric, develop the ability to understand another’s mental state when they begin forming a theory of mind.The problem on the right probes such ability in children.
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Concrete Operational Stage
In concrete operational stage, given concrete materials, 6- to 7-year-olds grasp conservation problems and mentally pour liquids back and forth into glasses of different shapes conserving their quantities.
Children in this stage are also able to transform mathematical functions. So, if 4 + 8 = 12, then a transformation, 12 – 4 = 8, is also easily doable.
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Formal Operational Stage
Around age 12, our reasoning ability expands from concrete thinking to abstract thinking. We can now use symbols and imagined realities to systematically reason. Piaget called this formal operational thinking.
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Formal Operational Stage
Rudiments of such thinking begin earlier (age 7) than what Piaget suggested, since 7-year-olds can solve the problem below (Suppes, 1982).
If John is in school, Mary is in school. John is in school. What can you say about Mary?
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Reflecting on Piaget’s Theory
Piaget’s stage theory has been influential globally, validating a number of ideas regarding growth and development in many cultures and societies. However, today’s researchers believe the following:
1. Development is a continuous process.2. Children express their mental abilities and
operations at an earlier age.3. Formal logic is a smaller part of cognition.
Vygotsky• Russian Psychologist who focused on
educational theory• Zone of Proximal Development– Learning happens best when learner is challenged
but not overwhelmed
Parent-Child Attachmnet
• Harlow Monkey experiment: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KlfOecrr6kI&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active
– Shows importance of contact comfort for healthy development
Attachment – 3 types
• Secure attachment – even when placed in strange situation, infant explores freely in presence of the mother; displays stress when mother leaves & enthusiasm when mother returns
Attachment – 3 types
• Insecure-avoidant attachment– When placed in strange situation, infant explores
but shows littler interest in its mother. Minimal stress when mother leaves; avoids mother upon her return
Attachment – 3 types
• Insecure-disorganized attachment– (AKA insecure-ambivalent attachment– When placed in strange situation, infant clings to
mother and does not explore; shows high stress levels when mother leaves;• When mother returns, infant alternately clings to and
pushes away from her
Parenting Styles
• 3 Parenting styles– Authoritarian– Permissive– authoritative
Is it better to be a strict or permissive parent?
Three parenting styles:• Authoratarian – imposes
rules, expects obedience
Is it better to be a strict or permissive parent?
Three parenting styles:• Permissive – few
demands, little punishment, child gets his/her way a lot
Is it better to be a strict or permissive parent?
Three parenting styles:• Authoritative – demanding and
responsive (establishes and enforces rules, but explains reason and allows for discussion when older)
Which parenting method is best?
• Children of authoritative parents have highest self-esteem, self-reliance, and social competence (true across cultures). • Correlation does not mean causation, but it appears that
authoritative parents make children feel in control of their lives.
Mnemonic
Authora-tat-ive
Starts like Authoratarian…. …and ends like Permissive
Patterson Discussion
• “Children of Lesbian & Gay Parents”– By Charlotte Patterson
Complete PsychInquiry Module
• This is the program you downloaded to your desktop on Monday.
• Developing through the Life Span– “Attachment”
– Take 15 minutes max
Interview Project
• When done with Developing Attachment module:
• Brainstorm your questions now.– Create them as a google document & share it with
me so I can provide feedback.– Check them with me before doing interviews.
Extra Credit Option:
• Write:– A letter to your parents– A letter to your future children
• Follow format provided in handout (posted online)
Unit 3: Developmental PsychDay 3: Parenting & Attachment
• Today:– DC– Reviewing Piaget– Parenting Styles– Attachment:
• PsychInquiry Module
– Patterson Article
• HAVE OUT:– RJ 3.4 & Patterson
Reading
• For Tonight:– RJ 3.5– RJ 3.6 – Vocab Cards
ONLY
