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UNIT I2D PRIMITIVES
INTRODUCTION
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1.1 DEFINITION
Computer Graphic is the discipline of producing picture or images using a computer which include
ModelingCreationManipulationstorage of geometric objectsRenderingconverting a scene to an image
the process of transformationsRasterizationshadingIlluminationanimation of the image, etc.
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MODELING CREATION MANIPULATION
Geometric objects
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1.1RENDERING
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Process of generating an image from a model
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CONVERTING A SCENE TO AN IMAGE
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Rasterization
Task of taking an image described in a vector graphics format (shapes) Converting it into a raster image (pixels or dots) for output on a video display or printer or for storage in a bitmap file format.
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Shading
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Shading
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ILLUMINATION
The transport of luminous flux from light sources between points via direct and indirect paths
Lighting - the process of computing the luminous intensity reflected from a specified 3-D point
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Animation of the image
The process used for generating animated images
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1.2 APPLICATION
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
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PRESENTATION GRAPHICS
Generating the report and summaries the financial statistical, economic, research etc.,
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COMPUTER ART
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cartoon diagram produced with paint brush program, artist work at monitor
Electronic watercolor
Electronic Avalanche
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Sphere of influence
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ENTERTAINMENT
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star trek-the Wrath of khan
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Computer generated Scene
KNICKKNACK
Red’s dream
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TV series
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graphics combined with a live scene
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reconstruction of thirteenth century
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MORPHING
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EDUACTION AND TRAINING
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Nuclear reactorFlight simulator motion
Naval Simulator Space shuttleAutomobile
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VISUALIZATION
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technique for creating images, diagrams, or animations to communicate a message.
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IMAGE PROCESSING
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GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE
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1.3 OVERVIEW OF GRAPHICS SYSTEM
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Video Display DevicesRaster-Scan SystemsGraphics Workstations and Viewing SystemsInput DevicesHard-Copy DevicesGraphics NetworksGraphics on the InternetGraphics SoftwareIntroduction to OpenGLSummary
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VIDEO DISPLAY DEVICES
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CATHODE-RAY TUBE (CRT)
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Basic design of a magnetic-deflection CRT
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CATHODE-RAY TUBE (CRT)
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Raster-Scan Displays
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Random-Scan Displays
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Color CRT Monitors
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Flat-Panel Displays
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Liquid crystal displays (LCD)Plasma panelsElectroluminescent panels (ELD)Light-emitting diode display (LED)
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Three-Dimensional Viewing Devices
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Stereoscopic and Virtual-Reality Systems
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PRINTABLE CROSS CROSS EYE VIEWER
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RASTER-SCAN SYSTEMS
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Rectangular pattern of image capture and reconstruction in television
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GRAPHICS WORKSTATIONSAND VIEWING SYSTEMS
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An artist’s workstation, featuring a monitor, a keyboard, a graphics tablet with a hand cursor, and a light table, in addition to data storage and telecommunications devices
High resolution(2048 by 2048)graphics monitor.
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INPUT DEVICES
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Keyboards, Button Boxes, and DialsMouse Devices
Z mouse features three buttons, a mouse ball underneath, a thumbwheel on the side, and a trackball on top
Trackballs and Spaceballs
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1. stick, 2. base, 3. trigger, 4. extra buttons, 5. autofire switch, 6.throttle, 7. hat switch (POV hat), 8.suction cup.
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Data Gloves Digitizers
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Scanner Touch Panels
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LIGHT PEN
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Voice Systems
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HARD-COPY DEVICES
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GRAPHICS SOFTWARE
General graphics programming packages are GL (Graphics Library) OpenGL VRML (Virtual-Reality Modeling Language) Java 2D Java 3D
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Coordinate representation
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Graphics Functions
Graphics package provides users with a variety of functions for creating and manipulating pictures
Graphics output, input, Attribues, transformations, viewing, subdividing pictures, or general control.
Graphics output primitives - points, straight lines, curved lines, filled color areas (usually polygons), and shapes
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