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Unit One
EcologyEcology
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Ecology
The study of the relationships that exist The study of the relationships that exist between organisms and their between organisms and their environments.environments.
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Ecological interactions are influenced by two types of
factors
Abiotic FactorsAbiotic Factors Biotic FactorsBiotic Factors
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Biotic Factors
These include all living organisms and These include all living organisms and their effects both direct and indirect on their effects both direct and indirect on other living thingsother living things
May include organisms that were May include organisms that were recently aliverecently alive
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Examples of Biotic Factors
Predator prey relationshipsPredator prey relationships disease causing bacteriadisease causing bacteria poisonous plantspoisonous plants a huge tree that has fallen across a patha huge tree that has fallen across a path a dead moose that is found in a boga dead moose that is found in a bog
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Abiotic Factors
The nonliving factors in an environment The nonliving factors in an environment that effect ecological interactionsthat effect ecological interactions
These factors define what type of These factors define what type of organisms can live in a particular areaorganisms can live in a particular area
There are several important abiotic factorsThere are several important abiotic factors
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Important Abiotic Factors
Light AvailabilityLight Availability TemperatureTemperature Availability of WaterAvailability of Water Composition of soil and nutrient/mineral Composition of soil and nutrient/mineral
availabilityavailability
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Light Availability
Light from the sun (solar energy) is the Light from the sun (solar energy) is the ultimate energy source for all living ultimate energy source for all living thingsthings
The availability of light energy differs The availability of light energy differs greatly on different parts of the earthgreatly on different parts of the earth
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Temperature
As you change latitude or altitude on the As you change latitude or altitude on the earth the temperature patterns change earth the temperature patterns change greatlygreatly
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Water availability
The amount of precipitaion differs The amount of precipitaion differs depending where on the earth you aredepending where on the earth you are
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Soil composition and availability of Minerals/Nutrients
The development of soil will determine The development of soil will determine such factors as pH, amount of organic such factors as pH, amount of organic nutrients, amount and type of minerals nutrients, amount and type of minerals presentpresent
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Biosphere
The area of land air and water on or The area of land air and water on or around the earth in which all living around the earth in which all living things can be foundthings can be found