US‐China Coal Cooperation
Dr. Casey Delhotal, Director, Office of East Asian AffairsPresented by
Dr. Robert C. Marlay, Deputy Director, Office of Climate Policy and TechnologyU.S. Director, U.S.‐China Clean Energy Research Center
October 24, 2012
OutlineOutline
OverviewOverview
Fossil Energy Protocol
Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum
APEC Expert Group on Clean Fossil EnergyAPEC Expert Group on Clean Fossil Energy
21st Century Coal Initiative
US‐China Clean Energy Research Center
Challenges
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(for Energy)
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DOE MissionDOE Mission
Themission of the Department of Energy is:The mission of the Department of Energy is:To ensure America’s security and prosperity
dd i l dBy addressing its energy, environmental and nuclear challengesThrough transformative science and technology solutions
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How DOE works with China
U.S. – China cooperation is motivated by common challenges and mutual interests
U S ‐ China cooperation seeks to leverage talent resources and complementary S&TU.S.‐ China cooperation seeks to leverage talent, resources, and complementary S&T assets
By working together, we can multiply intellectual capacity, learn from each other, drive down costs, and accelerate the clean energy revolution
DOE focuses on technical issues, while promoting U.S. commercial interests by:Creating bilateral platforms that convene parties and enable cooperationInvolving U S private sector in virtually all DOE’s initiatives with ChinaInvolving U.S. private sector in virtually all DOE s initiatives with ChinaCreating opportunities for U.S. companies in the Chinese marketProviding technical support for interagency decision making in trade and investmentHosting Government – Industry Forums in all energy sectorsg y gy
DOE seeks to strengthen IP protection in R&D programs, within bilateral S&T agreements and flexible negotiating frameworks
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Chronology of Coal Cooperation
Chronology of Coal Cooperation Period I: S&T Cooperation (1978‐1990)
Protocol on Fossil Energy R&D (1985)Agreement on CO2 research under the Fossil Energy Protocol (1987)Reduction in cooperative activities beginning in March 1989, due to IPR issues
( )Period II: Energy Policy Consultations (1991‐2000)* China became a net energy importer in 1993 *
Two annexes added to the Fossil Energy Protocol (1994)Revised Fossil Energy Protocol (2000)Revised Fossil Energy Protocol (2000)
Period III: Broadened Relationship (2001‐2007)First annexes under revised Protocol signed (2001)China becomes charter member of CSLF (2003)China becomes charter member of CSLF (2003)Opening of DOE China Office and 1st EPD (2005)
Period IV: Clean Energy Initiatives (November 2009)21st Century Coal InitiativeUS‐China Clean Energy Research Center – Adv Coal Technology Track
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Fossil Energy Protocol
The FE Protocol is a bi‐lateral S&T agreement between DOE and China’s MOST.i i d d & i b hIt is intended to promote S&T cooperation between the US
and China in activities related to fossil energy research, development, demonstration and deployment.p p yProtocol meetings include:Individual annex meetings (6 Annexes)
b d lBusiness‐to‐business dialoguesStakeholder sessions
Recent example:Recent example:Completed 3‐month exchange programs on Clean FuelsFour FE/NETL senior scientists visited China
h h dFour Shenhua senior scientists visited U.S.
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Fossil Energy Protocol
The Protocol has six Annexes under which joint projects are conducted:1. Annex I: Power Systems
2. Annex II: Clean Fuels
3. Annex III: Oil and Gas
4 Annex IV: Energy and Environmental Control Technologies4. Annex IV: Energy and Environmental Control Technologies
5. Annex V: Climate Science
6. Annex VI: Advanced Coal‐Based Energy Systems Research, gy yDevelopment and Simulation (est., August 2010)
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FE Protocol
Outreach and communications activities are underway to introduce Chinese corporations and research groups to the latest US technologies in the areas oflatest US technologies in the areas of:
coal gasification, coal liquefaction, natural gas technology, coal bed methane recovery, acid rain control technologies, andacid rain control technologies, and carbon dioxide capture from power plants.
Annex VI: focuses on process simulations and modelingRecent successes:
completed feasibility study1st coal liquefaction facility in the world24,000 BPD, compatible with CCUS (Shenhua)designed study for 350 MW oxyfuel power plant with CCUS
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Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum
CSLF is a voluntary multi‐lateral climate initiative of 25 developed and developing nations (incl., US and China) that account for about 3/4ths of all manmade carbon dioxide emissions3/4ths of all manmade carbon dioxide emissions.
Members are dedicated to collaboration and information sharing on multiple technologies for the capture and long term geologicmultiple technologies for the capture and long‐term geologic storage of carbon dioxide at low costs, including:
developing technology,
proving it safe,
demonstrating its efficacy and cost, and
fostering its deployment worldwidefostering its deployment worldwide.
Members also work towards establishing a companion foundation of legislative, regulatory, administrative, and institutional practices that will ensure safe, verifiable storage for as long as millennia.
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CSLF ProjectsCSLF ProjectsCollaborative projects recognized by the CSLF, include:
Information exchange and networking;
Planning and road‐mapping;
Facilitation of collaboration;
Research and development; and
Demonstrations.
CSLF has recognized over 30 projects. Two completed sample projects follow:
China Coalbed Methane Technology/CO2 Sequestration Project (completed)
Demonstrated that coal seams in the anthracitic coals of Shanxi Province of China are permeable and stable enough to absorb CO2 and enhance methane production (2005)
CO2STORE (completed)
A follow‐on to the Sleipner project in Norway, the goal was to develop sound scientific methodologies for the assessment, planning, and long‐term monitoring of underground CO2 storage both onshore and offshore (2006)CO2 storage, both onshore and offshore (2006)
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Asia‐Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)Expert Group on Clean Fossil Energy (EGCFE)Expert Group on Clean Fossil Energy (EGCFE)
APEC is a multi‐lateral economic forum for the Asia‐Pacific region of 21 member countries, including the US and China
The overall goal is sustainable economic growth and prosperity in the Asia‐Pacific region.
The Expert Group on Clean FE, organized under APEC, carries out activities to enhance i d l t d iti t th i t l i t l t d t theconomic development and mitigate the environmental impact related to the
production, preparation, transport, storage, and use of fossil fuels. For example:
APEC Low Rank Coal Workshop was held in Beijing in July
An unconventional gas (UCG) census for the APEC region with focus on China will beAn unconventional gas (UCG) census for the APEC region, with focus on China, will be completed by year's end
A proposal to NEA to hold an APEC Underground Coal Gasification in China next year
A joint APEC/World Energy Council workshop on CCUS was held in Beijing in Augustj / gy p j g g
China has submitted a project proposal to APEC to share information on "circular" coal economies in regional efforts to reduce pollution and waste, and to conserve energy
China has inquired about to holding an APEC workshop on efficient coal power generation in the first half of next year
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the first half of next year.
U.S.‐China Clean Energy Initiatives – Period IV
November 2009
Shale Gas Resource InitiativeElectric Vehicles Initiative
Seven Joint Clean Energy Initiatives (Nov. 2009)
Shale Gas Resource Initiative
Energy Cooperation Program
U.S.‐China Clean Energy Research
Electric Vehicles Initiative
Energy Efficiency Action Plan
Renewable Energy PartnershipCenter21st Century Coal
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21st Century Coal Initiative
Scientists and engineers to cooperate on developingScientists and engineers to cooperate on developing clean coal and carbon capture and storage technologies DOE is supporting:
Technical exchanges
Workshops
F t R&D i thi i iti ti t b d d th U S ChiFuture R&D in this initiative to be done under the U.S.‐China CERC
Affects platform for U.S. sponsored coal projects looking for p p p j gChinese partners
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21st Century Coal Initiative – Recent Accomplishments21 Century Coal Initiative Recent AccomplishmentsResearch:
NETL – Fluid Flow in Chinese Rock Cores
PNNL – Computational ModelsPNNL – Computational Models
LLNL – Coal Gasification
LLNL – Underground Carbon Sequestration
Meetings/Feasibility S&T Studies:Meetings/Feasibility S&T Studies:
3rd U.S. China CO2 Emissions Control S&T Symposium
WVU/Shenhua/LLNL – Joint Feasibility Study Coal Liquefaction Plant in Inner Mongolia
NETL/PNNL/CAS – New R&D Coop on Adv Coal‐Based Energy Systems R&D and SimulationNETL/PNNL/CAS New R&D Coop. on Adv. Coal Based Energy Systems R&D and Simulation
Business Deals:
Future Fuels LLC of Texas signed an Agreement to use Chinese Pre‐combustion CC tech for a new Coal Plant in Pennsylvania
Duke Energy Signed agreements with ENN and Huaneng to Share Experiences with IGCC
AEP of Ohio signed an agreement with Huaneng and CNOOC on CCUS
AEP of Ohio agreement with State Grid on integrating Clean Coal Power with the Grid
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CERC ProtocolCERC Protocol
CERC Protocol Signed, Nov. 2009
Calls for Joint U.S.-China Clean Energy Research Center (Virtual, not Physical)
CERC Goals:Spur Innovation of Clean Energy Techs
Diversify Sources of Energy Supply
Improve Energy EfficiencyImprove Energy Efficiency
Accelerate Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy
Avoid the Worst Consequences of Climate Signing of CERC Protocol Nov. 2009
Avoid the Worst Consequences of Climate Change
Three Areas for Initial Cooperation – Clean Coal; Clean Vehicles; and Efficient Buildings
Steven Chu, U.S. Secretary of EnergyLiu Yandong, PRC State Councilor (S&T, MOST)Gary Locke, U.S. Secretary of CommerceWan Gang, PRC Minister of S&T:Coal; Clean Vehicles; and Efficient Buildings
$150 Million over 5 Years, Jointly Shared23 October 201216
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Advanced Coal TechnologyTechnology
Vision: Advance coal technology needed to safely, effectively, and efficiently utilize coal resources in both countries, including the ability to capture, store and utilize emissions from coal useutilize emissions from coal use.
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Advanced Coal TechnologyTechnology
GreenGen, Tianjin 天津
Novel CO2 CaptureIGCC with CCS
ShidongkouShidongkou, Shanghai, Shanghai
B&W Amine Test Center, OH
CCS Technology &Geologic Storage
Oxy-Fuel
gg , g, g石洞口,上海石洞口,上海
Oxy-Fuel Combustion
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CO2 Utilization, IncludingMicro-Algae for Fuels Post-combustion CO2 CapturecAdvanced Coal Combustion
with CO2 Capture
Advanced Coal Technology Partners
U.S. China
Partners
Project LeadWest Virginia University (WVU)
Partners:B b k & Wil (B&W)
– Project Lead• Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology
– Partners:• Ctr. for Energy & Power, Ch. Acad. of Sciences
Babcock & Wilcox (B&W)
Duke Energy (Duke)
Indiana Geological Survey (IGS)
Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL)
• China Huaneng Group Clean Energy Res. Inst.• China Power Engineering Consulting Group Corporation
(CPECC)• China Power Investment Corporation, Beijing• China Univ. of Mining and Technology
ENN (Xi A G )Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL)
Los Alamos National Lab (LANL)
LP Amina
National Energy Technology Lab (NETL)
• ENN (XinAo Group)• Huaneng Power International, Inc• Institute for Rock & Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of
Science• Jinan University, Guangzhou• NW Univ of China
University of Kentucky (UKy)
University of Wyoming (UWy)
U.S.‐China Clean Energy Forum, China Relations Council
• NW Univ. of China • Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Energy Resources, Xianyang• Shanghai JiaoTong University• Shenhua Group• Tsinghua University• Yanchang PetroleumRelations Council
World Resources Institute (WRI)
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• Yanchang Petroleum• Zhejiang University, Hangzhou
38 Clean Coal Projects Covered in CERC ACTCCovered in CERC‐ACTC
Oxy‐Combustion Technology DevelopmentFuel and Emission CharacterizationPilot Scale Evaluation
Advanced Power Generation Increase efficiency and availability of existing coal power plantsAd d Ult S iti l ti Pilot Scale Evaluation
Steady‐State and Dynamic Process Modeling SimulationsFeasibility Study for Large Scale Deployment
Evaluation Technology of CO2 Geological Storage SitesSaline Formations at the Basin ScaleGeologic Storage & EOR
Advanced Ultra Supercritical power generationUpgrade Pulverizing system for Subcritical Power Plant
Clean Coal Conversion TechnologyCo‐generation system combined pyrolysis, gasification, and combustionh l f h Geologic Storage & EOR
Geologic Storage & ECBMSimulation and Modeling
Carbon Dioxide Utilization with MicroalgaeScreening of Algae StrainsGrowth System Optimization
Chemical Looping Gasification with CO2 CaptureDirect SNG production from coalCoal to SNG by Catalytic gasificationGasification properties of Direct Coal Liquefaction residueMeasurement\Modeling\Environmental Technologies for U ti l C l G ifi ti
y pDevelop efficient post‐processing technologies Techno‐Economic Analysis
Systems Integration, Simulation and AssessmentStatic and Dynamic Modeling of IGCC+CCSModeling of Post‐Combustion Capture Technologies
Unconventional Coal GasificationCoal/biomass co‐conversion process
Pre‐Combustion CO2 CaptureIGCC with CCSIGCC Knowledge Transfer
Visualization and Operator Training Tools and SimulationsModel. and Sim. of Post‐Combustion Plants with CO2 Capture Modeling of coal fired Pre & Post Combustion CO2 CaptureLife‐Cycle Analysis of Coal to Chemical Systems
Communication and Integration
Post‐Combustion CO2 CapturePost‐combustion CO2 capture at Duke Gibson StationSolvent for CO2 Separation from Utility Flue GasCatalyst to Enhance CO2 Capture Kinetic in the ScrubberMembrane for CO2 Separation from Utility Flue Gas Stream
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IP Management and Development SupportCommunication and Integration
Post CO2 Scrubber Solvent EnrichmentAmine Based Capture Modeling
Post‐Combustion Capture Technology and ApplicationTechnology and Application
Gibson Power Station, Gibson Power Station, SW IndianaSW IndianaSW IndianaSW Indiana
• Gibson 3 (Indiana) + Shidongkou(Shanghai)
• Assessment, simulation and analysis
ShidongkouShidongkou, Shanghai, Shanghai石洞口,上海石洞口,上海
• Novel technology development
Duke Energy, Huaneng‐CERI
LLNL, Univ. KY, LANL
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Large‐Scale (1 million ton/y) IGCC w/ CCUSIGCC w/ CCUS
Edwardsport, Indiana
• Plants under construction• Some engineering data available
Sh i d (2013 2014)• Share operating data (2013-2014)• Potential to share USTDA project• Cross-training on simulators
GreenGen, Tianjin
Duke Energy, GE; Huaneng-CERINETL, WVU, LLNL; Tsinghua
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Large‐Scale Storage and EOR
• Wyoming (WY-CUSP/Rock Springs Uplift)p )
• Indiana (Edwardsport and Gibson)• Shaanxi EOR opportunities
Univ. Wyoming, Indiana Geological Survey and Duke Energy
LLNL, LANL, WVU
CO2 Utilization of Micro‐AlgaeMicro‐Algae
• Testing two designs at two plants:• Univ.KY design at Dale Power Sta.
ENN d i E B d
ENN microalgae, Lang Fang
• ENN design at East Bend • Engineering assessment and optimization
Duke Energy, Inc and ENNUniv. KY and PNNL
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Coal‐to‐Chemicals, Poly‐Gen, and Carbon CapturePoly Gen, and Carbon Capture
• Cooperation between LP Amina and Gemeng Intel. Energy Co. ltd• Signing Ceremony Sept. 25th, 2011; ongoing negotiations driving towards positive conclusionconclusion• First demonstration project complete
•in Shanxi by H1 2012; 100MW unit
LP Amina, Gemeng, Baer, WVU
Oxy‐Fuel Combustion S l U d I iScale‐Up and Integration
• Demonstration plant feasibility study• Coal combustion studies: kinetics and
thermodynamicsthermodynamics• 3 MW plant comparisons• Simulation and validation exchange
(WVU HUST B&W)(WVU, HUST, B&W)• Potential demonstration identified
B&W; HUST, WVU, Tsinghua 1000800600400
T(K)
22002000180016001400
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12001000800600
CERC LOGO
U.S.–ChinaClean Energy
ResearchCenter
中美清洁能源研究中心
U.S.: http://www.us-china-cerc.orgChina: http://www.cerc.org.cn/
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Challenges to U.S. China S&T Cooperation
Trade issues
IP issues
Congressional concerns and budgeting
“what is the value of cooperation to the US?”
Stove piping between agencies
S O / / S / OC/SU.S. DOE/EPA /USTR/DOC/STATE
Chinese ministries
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Th kThank you
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Contact InformationContact Information
Dr. (Katherine) Casey Delhotal
Director, East Asian Affairs
Office of Policy and International Affairs
U.S. Department of Energy
(202) 586 5903(202) 586‐5903
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