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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
The New Government
•First Presidential elections – January 1789•First Congress of electors - March 4 in NYC
George Washington was elected unanimously to be President; John Adams chosen to be Vice-President
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
The New Government
•Early Tasks:1. Bill of Rights
2. Federal Judiciary Act (September 1789)3. Financing the new government – Bank of the U.S.
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
The New Government
•Growth of Political PartiesFederalists
Anti-federalists (Republican, Democrat-Republicans)
Controversies over Foreign Policy – Fostered Party Growth
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
The New Government
The Presidents (1789-1825)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSOE537LE4c
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
The New Government
•Washington’s Administration – Federalist
The president organizes the government, establishes the cabinet, and holds regular meetings
Was pressed into a second administration
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd AdministrationWar between Britain and France
Neutrality Proclamation – April 22, 1793
Washington declared that the U.S. would remain neutral with regard to the war between Britain and France; warned U.S. citizens to abstain
from hostile acts toward either side.
U.S./French Treaty officially made the U.S. and ally of France
Neutrality Act (1794) – U.S. citizen could not enlist in a foreign military
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd AdministrationWar between Britain and France
Genet Affair French Minister Edmund Charles Genet arrived in the U.S. and began seeking private support for the
French cause; commissioned four privateers to prey on British vessels - violated the treaty between U.S.
and France and the neutrality order
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
11th Amendment – March 5, 1794; ratified 1798
Resulted from Chisholm vs. Georgia – two citizens from SC sued the state of Georgia
Amendment secured that a citizen of a state cannot sue another state
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
Jay’s Treaty
British remained in Northwestern forts – antagonized western settlements (aiding Indian insurrections); A major source of revenue was
British imports/exports
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
Jay’s Treaty
• British promised to withdraw by June 1796•British agreed to permit U.S. trade in West Indies as
long as they did not trade in molasses, sugar, and cotton•Settled pre-war debts, Northwest boundary disputes,
and illegal maritime seizures by the British
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
Jay’s Treaty
Despite opposition, Washington forced the treaty through, avoiding war with Britian
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
Treaty of San Lorenzo / Pinckney’s Treaty
Fearing that the U.S. was becoming a peaceful ally with Britain, Spain sought to reduce tensions with the
U.S.
Southern boundaries/free trade on the Mississippi
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
Washington’s Farewell Address
•Would not run for a 3rd term – setting precedent•Warned of the dangers of the party system and
partisan bitterness; warned of permanent foreign entanglements
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Practice Test Chapter 10
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Practice Test Chap. 10(For those not in class, here are the answers to for True/False and Multiple Choice)
Part A1. T2. F3. T4. T5. T6. F7. T8. F9. F10. F11. T12. F13. T14. F15. F
Part B1. b2. a3. d4. c5. c6. b7. a8. a9. b10. a11. b12. b13. a14. c15. d
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Election of 1796
Federalists nominate John AdamsRepublicans (Anti-Federalists) nominate Thomas
Jefferson
Results: Adams, 71 Votes; Jefferson 68 VotesA divided Executive Branch
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Problems with FranceFrance is angry over the treaty with Britain – began
seizing U.S. ships
Adams sends Charles Pinckney (U.S. Minister to France), John Marshall (Federalist), and Elbridge
Gerry (Republican Gov. of Massachusetts) to secure treaty with France
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Problems with FranceFrance is angry over the treaty with Britain – began
seizing U.S. ships
Adams sends Charles Pinckney (U.S. Minister to France), John Marshall (Federalist), and Elbridge
Gerry (Republican Gov. of Massachusetts) to secure treaty with France
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Problems with France
XYZ AffairFederalist/Anti-Federalist split over the issue
Undeclared Naval War with France – 1798-1800Department of the Navy
Congress terminates treaty with FranceThe Treaty of Morfontaine
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Domestic Issues Under Adams
Alien and Sedition Acts – 1798Naturalization Act
Alien ActSedition Act
Alien Enemies Act
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Domestic Issues Under Adams
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions – Failed to garner support
Compact Theory of the Constitution – where the national government exercised powers not specifically delegated
to it, each state has an equal right to judge for itself** States can declare federal acts unconstitutional
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Election of 1800 – Revolution of 1800
Adams is nominated by Federalists (Pinckney, Vice-President)
Republicans nominate Jefferson and Aaron Burr
Jefferson and Burr receive 73 votes; Adams 65; Pinckney 64
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Election of 1800 – Revolution of 1800
According to the constitution, in a tie, the House of Representatives will decide – after 35 ballots, the
House remained tied
The Federalists backed Burr, but Jefferson agreed to keep the Navy and keep Federalists in lower
government positions
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U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Election of 1800 – Revolution of 1800
Jefferson is eventually elected, and Burr becomes Vice-President
Revolution – the opposition party wins; although presidential election is close, Republicans overwhelmingly
take Congress
Leads to the passing of the 12th Amendment - 1804