Download - US to 1865 Lecture 1.pptx
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Spanish Exploration and Colonization
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Hernan Cortez
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Fransisco Pizarro
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English Colonization
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Key Questions
• What were the driving causes behind English colonization?
• Did the colonists succeed in their original objectives?
• What was the end result of early English colonization? What legacies did it leave behind?
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Elizabeth I
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Sir Walter Raleigh
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Roanoke Colony
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James I
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Virginia Company
• Investors would invest for five years.• After five years, the investors would meet to
discuss whether or not to continue the colony.• 14 May 1607 Jamestown founded.
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Early Problems
• Poor location.• Powhatan Confederacy.• Poor choice in first
colonists.• Early governance.
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John Smith
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Starving Time
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Charter of 1609
• Colonists could now buy into the Virginia Company.
• Virginia Company would invest for another 7 years.
• New government. Governor of Virginia appointed with dictator like powers.
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Later Reforms
• Headright System (1618)
• General Assembly– Governor– Council– House of Burgesses
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John Rolfe
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1622 Massacre
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Slavery and Bacon’s Rebellion
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Virginia Conclusions
• Virginia started out as a business venture, but ultimately failed.
• The colony did succeed at giving England a foothold in North America.
• The colony established the first form of representative government.
• A specific type of slavery would be used in Virginia and the rest of the colonies after Bacon’s Rebellion.
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Massachusetts Bay Colony
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John Calvin
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Henry VII and English Reformation
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Separatists (Pilgrims)
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Non-Separatists (Puritans)
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Massachusetts Bay Company
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John Winthrop and “City on a Hill”
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Boston Martyrs
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Roger Williams
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Ann Hutchinson
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English Civil War
Charles II Oliver Cromwell
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Salem Witch Trials
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Puritan Legacy
• Four New England Colonies: Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island.
• Education: Harvard University• Separation of Church and State• Puritan Work Ethic and Economics
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Puritan Conclusions
• The Massachusetts Bay Colony failed in their attempt to create a “City Upon a Hill.” Later generations abandoned this goal.
• The colony did succeed in its secondary goal of creating another foothold for the English in North America.
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Early English Colonization Conclusions
• Foothold in North America Established by the English.
• Creation of American Individualism.• Economic precedents set.• Influence of Massachusetts and Virginia on the
United States.