Download - US to 1865 Lecture 1.pptx
Spanish Exploration and Colonization
Hernan Cortez
Fransisco Pizarro
English Colonization
Key Questions
• What were the driving causes behind English colonization?
• Did the colonists succeed in their original objectives?
• What was the end result of early English colonization? What legacies did it leave behind?
Elizabeth I
Sir Walter Raleigh
Roanoke Colony
James I
Virginia Company
• Investors would invest for five years.• After five years, the investors would meet to
discuss whether or not to continue the colony.• 14 May 1607 Jamestown founded.
Early Problems
• Poor location.• Powhatan Confederacy.• Poor choice in first
colonists.• Early governance.
John Smith
Starving Time
Charter of 1609
• Colonists could now buy into the Virginia Company.
• Virginia Company would invest for another 7 years.
• New government. Governor of Virginia appointed with dictator like powers.
Later Reforms
• Headright System (1618)
• General Assembly– Governor– Council– House of Burgesses
John Rolfe
1622 Massacre
Slavery and Bacon’s Rebellion
Virginia Conclusions
• Virginia started out as a business venture, but ultimately failed.
• The colony did succeed at giving England a foothold in North America.
• The colony established the first form of representative government.
• A specific type of slavery would be used in Virginia and the rest of the colonies after Bacon’s Rebellion.
Massachusetts Bay Colony
John Calvin
Henry VII and English Reformation
Separatists (Pilgrims)
Non-Separatists (Puritans)
Massachusetts Bay Company
John Winthrop and “City on a Hill”
Boston Martyrs
Roger Williams
Ann Hutchinson
English Civil War
Charles II Oliver Cromwell
Salem Witch Trials
Puritan Legacy
• Four New England Colonies: Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island.
• Education: Harvard University• Separation of Church and State• Puritan Work Ethic and Economics
Puritan Conclusions
• The Massachusetts Bay Colony failed in their attempt to create a “City Upon a Hill.” Later generations abandoned this goal.
• The colony did succeed in its secondary goal of creating another foothold for the English in North America.
Early English Colonization Conclusions
• Foothold in North America Established by the English.
• Creation of American Individualism.• Economic precedents set.• Influence of Massachusetts and Virginia on the
United States.