Download - USH 15:1
USH 15:1
• The Origins of the Cold War– The Yalta Conference• Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin meet in Yalta (Soviet Union)• Agreements reached set the groundwork for Cold War
Issues at Yalta
• Poland• Two governments-in-waiting
– Communist and Democratic
• Stalin argues Poland must be communist because it is a neighbor country• Churchill and Roosevelt reluctantly agree
Issues at Yalta
• The Declaration of Liberated Europe – “The right of all people to choose the form of
government under which they will live”
Issues at Yalta
• Dividing Germany– Divide Germany into four zones• Great Britain, U.S., France, Soviet Union would each
control a zone
– Stalin demands Germany pay war reparations• Roosevelt agrees, with stipulations:
– Germany will pay in goods, not cash– Germany will pay what it can afford
Issues at Yalta
• Tensions Rise After Yalta– Soviets (Russians) pressure king of Romania to
appoint a communist gov’t• U.S. accuses Soviets of violating “Declaration of
Liberated Europe”
– Soviets refuse to allow non-Communists serve in Polish government
The Cold War
• Yalta marks turning point in U.S. – Soviet relations
• Roosevelt: Allied victory + U.N. = peace– Instead: U.S. and Soviets become increasingly
hostile and competitive with each other • Era known as “Cold War”– 1946-1990
Cold War
• Soviet Goals and Ideals– Keep Germany weak– Control countries around Russia– Capitalism will eventually fail• Doing countries a favor by making them communist
– Capitalist countries want to destroy communist countries
American Goals and Ideals
• Economic growth is key to peace• World trade will stop world war • President Truman believed the appeasement
of Hitler caused WWII– Would not appease future dictators
The Potsdam Conference
• Truman meets Stalin in Germany– Stalin:• Germany must pay heavy reparations
– Truman:• German industry must recover, or Europe will not
recover
– American/Soviet tensions increase further