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CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
USH3 – Unit 2
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FRENCH & INDIAN WAR
• British defeat the French in war over
territory in the Ohio River Valley.
• French ally w/ Natives
• British & Colonists
• Ben Franklin urges colonies to unite
against the French – Albany Plan
• Colonists felt like they supported
the British
• British felt they didn’t do enough
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FRENCH & INDIAN WAR
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PONTIAC’S REBELLION & PROCLAMATION OF 1763
• Colonists began to move
westward
• Conflict w/ the Natives
• Pontiac’s Rebellion (failed)
• British crown forbids colonists
from moving west to avoid future
conflicts
• Colonists were upset they couldn’t
move west b/c that was reserved
as “Indian Territory”
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SUGAR ACT
• Import tax placed on sugar entering the colonies from non-British Caribbean islands
• Tax was intended to raise revenue & limit smuggling
• Tax was high enough to give British a monopoly on sugar
• “No taxation w/o representation” – shouldn’t have to pay taxes if we have no say
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STAMP ACT
• Colonists required to get stamps on
legal documents, newspapers, & other
paper products
• Later repealed b/c it brought in little
revenue
• Colonists boycotted (most common
form of resistance)
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SONS & DAUGHTERS OF LIBERTY
• Secret society – organized
boycotts & worked to protect
rights of colonists
• Large scale anti-British
movement
• Representatives from each
colony
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TOWNSHEND ACTS
• Tax on glass, paper, lead, tea,
and paint & they must be
purchased from Britain
• Colonists boycott those goods
• “No taxation w/o
representation”
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COLONIAL RES ISTANCE
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BOSTON MASSACRE
• A group of British soldiers
opened fire on protestors in
Boston
• 5 people killed
• Colonists were enraged &
used propaganda to create
anti-British sentiments
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COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE
• Rallied colonial opposition
• Making plans for a revolution
• Est First Continental Congress
• FCC – sent a letter to King
George explaining the issues
they had w/ how they were
treated
• Formed a militia (minutemen)
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TEA ACT & BOSTON TEA PARTY
• Gives a monopoly to British
East India Tea Company to
boost revenue
• Colonists saw this as another
form of “taxation w/o
representation”
• Sons of Liberty organized
Boston Tea Party
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INTOLERABLE ACTS (AKA COERCIVE ACTS)
• Punishment for BTP
• Closed Boston Harbor
• Expanded Quartering Act
• Violators will be tried in British
courts
• Colonists feel this is the last
straw
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THOMAS PAINE’S COMMON SENSE
• Encouraged colonists to declare their independence
• Ideas of independence spring from the Enlightenment
• 2nd Continental Congress will later draft the Declaration of Independence in 1776
• Natural rights (Locke) included
• Life, Liberty, & Pursuit of Happiness
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LEXINGTON & CONCORD
• British troops march to
Concord to seize colonial
stock pile of weapons
• Paul Revere’s “Midnight Ride”
• Minutemen respond…8 people
die including one British
soldier