Download - Using Graphic Organizers to Understand Text
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Using Graphic Organizers to
Understand Text
By
Barbara Noel
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2 Types of Text
Narrative
Expository
Sample text
Primary Sources: Lewis and Clark Journals
Primary
sources: http://www.campusschool.dsu.edu/lofti/primary.htmFollow in the Footsteps of Lewis and Clark
http://www.sierraclub.org/lewisandclark/
Secondary Sources:
From: http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers
Retrieved June 3, 2007
http://www.campusschool.dsu.edu/lofti/primary.htmhttp://www.sierraclub.org/lewisandclark/http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/http://www.sierraclub.org/lewisandclark/http://www.campusschool.dsu.edu/lofti/primary.htm -
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Narrative
Setting
Where &When
Problem
Event #2
Event #1
Event #3
Beginning
MiddleEnd
Characters
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Expository
1. Enumeration
2. Description
3. Sequence4. Comparison and contrast
5. Cause and Effect
6. Problem and Solution
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Enumeration
Lists information that
is connected such as:
Steps
Ideas
Signal / Cue Words
the following
Then
in addition another
furthermore finally
From: http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/
http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/ -
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Sample Enumeration
Preparing and preserving plants is a time-
consuming and demanding process. A
specimen has to be spread out properly,
then pressed between two sheets ofblotting paper. The paper soaks up the
moisture from the specimen, drying it
out. The specimen must be removed,aired, and placed between fresh sheets
until it is completely dry, so it won't rot.
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Sample Description
"..... in my walk I Killed a Buck Goat of this Countrey,about the hight of the Grown Deer, its body Shorter theHorns which is not very hard and forks 2/3 up one prongShort the other round & Sharp arched, and is imediately
above its Eyes the Colour is a light gray with blackbehind its ears down its neck, and its face white round itsneck, its Sides and rump round its tail which is Short &white: Verry actively made, has only a pair of hoofs toeach foot, his brains on the back of his head, his
Norstrals large, his eyes like a Sheep he is more like theAntilope or Gazella of Africa than any other Species ofGoat." Lewis and Clark As Naturalists
http://web4.si.edu/lewisandclark/index.html?loc=/lewisandclark/journal.cfm?id=981http://web4.si.edu/lewisandclark/index.html?loc=/lewisandclark/journal.cfm?id=981 -
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Sequence
Shows a series of events
Signal / Cue Words
First second third
Until while by last soon
then after at that time
now during
From:
http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers
http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/ -
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Sample Sequence
By early 1803 Lewis was in Philadelphia. He
took crash courses in medicine, botany, zoology,
and celestial observation. He studied maps and
journals of traders and trappers who had alreadyreached as far up the Missouri River as the
Mandan villages in North Dakota. By the time he
left Washington he knew as much about the
West, and what to do when he got there, as anyman in America. Lewis and Clark: Preparations
http://www.lewis-clark.org/journal_prep.htmhttp://www.lewis-clark.org/journal_prep.htmhttp://www.lewis-clark.org/journal_prep.htmhttp://www.lewis-clark.org/journal_prep.htmhttp://www.lewis-clark.org/journal_prep.htm -
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Comparison/ Contrast
Describes the
characteristics of
something as they are
similar or different to
something else.
Signal words
however even though
but on the contrary
yet otherwise
despite in comparison
still on the other hand
From: http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers
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Sample Comparison/Contrast
In temperament Lewis and Clark were
opposites. Lewis was introverted, melancholic,
and moody; Clark, extroverted, even-tempered
and gregarious. The better educated and morerefined Lewis, who possessed a philosophical,
romantic and speculative mind, was at home
with abstract ideas; Clark, of a pragmatic mold,
was more of a practical man of action. Eachsupplied vital qualities which balanced their
partnership. Biography of Lewis and Clark
http://lewisclark.net/biography/index.htmlhttp://lewisclark.net/biography/index.html -
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Cause/Effect
Shows several reasons why somethinghappened
Signal / Cue Wordsfor this reason thus
in order to as a result
because consequently
so that on account of
therefore accordingly
From:http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers
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Problem and Solution
To identify a problem
and give possible
solutions
Signal Words problem
solution
because
causesince
as a result
so that
From: http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers
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Sample Problem
On June second they arrived at a major fork in the river,in north-central Montana, an estimated 465 river milesupstream from the mouth of the Yellowstone. It shouldn'thave been there. No Indian informant had mentioned it.There was not even a hint of it from anybody. Yet it
posed the most significant geographical question of theentire Expedition. Which of these rivers was theMissouri? The issue was fraught with danger. Theyneeded to reach the Rockies, find the Shoshoni Indians,get some horses, portage to the head of the Columbia,
and reach the Pacific before winter closed in. To choosethe wrong route would consume twice the time it wouldtake to correct the mistake, and would, Lewis declared,not only lose them the whole of the present travelseason, but "would probably so dishearten the party thatit might defeat the expedition altogether." Decision at
the Marias
http://www.lewis-clark.org/journal_apr26-1805.htmhttp://www.lewis-clark.org/journal_apr26-1805.htmhttp://www.lewis-clark.org/journal_apr26-1805.htmhttp://www.lewis-clark.org/journal_apr26-1805.htm -
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From:http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers
http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/ -
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Websites
Education Placehttp://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/
Index of Graphic Organizershttp://www.graphic.org/goindex.html
SCOREhttp://www.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/score/actbank/torganiz.htm
Graphic Organizer Makers http://teachers.teach-nology.com/web_tools/graphic_org/
Write Design Graphic Organizers
http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/Graphic Organizershttp://www.enchantedlearning.com/graphicorganizers/biography/index.shtml(need to be a member)
http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/http://www.graphic.org/goindex.htmlhttp://www.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/score/actbank/torganiz.htmhttp://teachers.teach-nology.com/web_tools/graphic_org/http://teachers.teach-nology.com/web_tools/graphic_org/http://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/http://www.enchantedlearning.com/graphicorganizers/biography/index.shtmlhttp://www.enchantedlearning.com/graphicorganizers/biography/index.shtmlhttp://www.enchantedlearning.com/graphicorganizers/biography/index.shtmlhttp://www.enchantedlearning.com/graphicorganizers/biography/index.shtmlhttp://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/http://teachers.teach-nology.com/web_tools/graphic_org/http://teachers.teach-nology.com/web_tools/graphic_org/http://teachers.teach-nology.com/web_tools/graphic_org/http://www.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/score/actbank/torganiz.htmhttp://www.graphic.org/goindex.htmlhttp://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/