USING REMOTE SENSING TO IMPROVEUSING REMOTE SENSING TO IMPROVEYOUR GEOLOGIC MAPPING & GISYOUR GEOLOGIC MAPPING & GIS
FOR EXPLORATIONFOR EXPLORATION
James Ellis, [email protected]
Walnut Creek, CA925-280-0720
Imaging & Mapping SolutionsP.D. Caldwell
Reflected blue, green, red, and near-IR light are collected as four separate B&W images. This “multispectral” sensor has 8’ (2.6 m) ground resolution. Used for generating natural color and color-infrared images and for classification and vegetation vigor/stress maps.
High resolution, panchromaticB&W image collected with 2’(0.65 m) ground resolution. Can be used alone or fused with coarser multispectral color bands.
USING HIGH-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY TO IMPROVE
MAPPING
EGS Feb 05
USGS 1:24,000Topo Map (right)
Natural Color (above) andColor Infrared (right) - 8’(2.6 m) spatial resolution (pixels)
A TANK FARM IN NORTHERN CALIFORNIA AS SEEN ON HIGH-RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY
The Same Storage Tank
EGS Feb 05EGS Feb 05© DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved (2002)
D.
A. USGS 1:24,000 Topographic Map
B. 8’/2.6m Natural Color
C. 8’/2.6m Color Infrared(vegetation is red)
D. 2’/0.65m Grayscale (pan)
A. B.
C.
CLOSE-UP OF TANKS (from outer space!!)
EGS Feb 05EGS Feb 05© DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved (2002)
Merging color image (8’) with high-resolution pan (B&W, 2’ image) togenerate color image with 2’/0.65m pixels
SHARPENING THE IMAGERY
8’/2.6m color
2’/0.65m B&W
2’/0.65m color
EGS Feb 05EGS Feb 05© DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved (2002)
B&W Pan Image (2’ or 0.65m pixels)
Pan-Sharpened Natural Color Image (2’ or 0.65m pixels)
EGS Feb 05
SHARPENING THE IMAGERY
EGS Feb 05© DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved (2002)
IMAGE PROCESSING TO IMPROVE GEOLOGIC MAPPING
DigitalGlobe Quickbird Natural Color ImageBands 3, 2, 1 as Red, Green, Blue
© DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved (2002)
DigitalGlobe Quickbird Geologic EnhancementNear Infrared, Red, Green, Blue Bands Integrated
IMAGE PROCESSING TO IMPROVE GEOLOGIC MAPPING
© DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved (2002)
DigitalGlobe Quickbird Natural Color ImageBands 3,2,1 as Red, Green, Blue
IMAGE PROCESSING TO IMPROVE GEOLOGIC MAPPING
© DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved (2002)
DigitalGlobe Quickbird Geologic EnhancementNear IR, Red, Green, Blue Bands Integrated
IMAGE PROCESSING TO IMPROVE GEOLOGIC MAPPING
© DigitalGlobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved (2002)
IMAGE PROCESSING TO IMPROVE GEOLOGIC MAPPING
From: -AAPG Distinguished Lecture, Dr. J. Ellis
1995-1996
IMAGE PROCESSING TO IMPROVE GEOLOGIC MAPPING
View of vegetation-covered terrain from helicopter
From: -AAPG Distinguished Lecture, Dr. J. Ellis
1995-1996
IMAGE PROCESSING TO IMPROVE GEOLOGIC MAPPING
Original Published Landsat TMImage Map
Original,Off-The-ShelfGovernment Processing EmphasizedVegetation Cover, But NotGeology
LEGENDGreens = vegetationTan-Brown = openDark Blue = waterWhite = clouds
From: -AAPG Distinguished Lecture, Dr. J. Ellis
1995-1996
IMAGE PROCESSING TO IMPROVE GEOLOGIC MAPPING
Same Landsat TMData Processed to Bring Out GeologicInformation.
ProcessingHighlighted Structural& Stratigraphic Patterns.
Processing usedSpectral Information in Vegetation CoverTo Reveal NewGeologicInformation
From: -AAPG Distinguished Lecture, Dr. J. Ellis
1995-1996
EGS Feb 05
BluesGreens
RedsNear IRs
Shortwave IRs
USING HYPERSPECTRAL MAPPINGFOR OIL DETECTION & GEOLOGIC MAPPING
HYPERSPECTRALDATACUBEOF REFINERYAND INDUSTRIALSITE
Probe-1 & GeoSat Committee
DETECTING OIL SEEPS WITH HYPERSPECTRAL
“Dibblee Oil Seep”EGS Feb 05Probe-1 & GeoSat Committee
EGS Feb 05
OIL SEEP IN AREA
Probe-1 & GeoSat Committee
DIBBLEE OIL SEEP BUILDING AN OIL SPECTRAL
LIBRARY BASEDON FIELD
MEASUREMENTS
EGS Feb 05Probe-1 & GeoSat Committee
PROVING AIRBORNE SENSING MATCHES GROUND MEASUREMENT
Airborne
Ground
EGS Feb 05
Geologic Map Hyperspectral Image Zoom-in to pixel
Probe-1 & GeoSat Committee
Extrapolation of Dibblee oil seep.
Spectral signaturefrom training site pixel extrapolated to surrounding area.
Hydrocarbon Spectral SignatureEGS Feb 05
USING SPECTRAL SIGNATURE CONFIRMED IN FIELD TO FIND OTHER PIXELS THAT HAVE OIL
Probe-1 & GeoSat Committee
OriginalMap
ActualLocationsOf OilSeeps
OIL SEEP DETECTION & MAPPING
EGS Feb 05Probe-1 & GeoSat Committee
Red DotsMappedAs OilSeeps
Hyperspectral reveals clay composition of exposed terrain – can be related to stratigraphy, improving geologic map
Hyperspectral ImageEquivalent of TM 4,3,2
(veg is red)
Derived Mineral Map kaolonite-smectites (red)
montmorillinite-Illites (green)Calcite (blue)
MAPPING SURFACE GEOLOGY WITH HYPERSPECTRAL
PROBE-1 EGS Feb 05
Linking Seismic and Balanced Cross Sections
With Remote Sensing
Chevron Petroleum Company of Colombia
From: -AAPG Distinguished Lecture, Dr. J. Ellis
1995-1996-Earth Observation Magazine
Feb 1995
J.M. Ellis, W. Narr, P.B.GoodwinAnd G. Pérez
Landsat TM imageBlues = agricultureDarks = ForestWhite = CloudsPurples = High Mountains
Airborne Radar Mosaic(Acquired by Intera – now Intermap)
Illuminated from the West
Area 2
Area 1
Area 1
Area 2
Landsat TM imageBlues = agricultureDarks = ForestWhite = CloudsPinks-Whites = Open
Airborne Radar MosaicIlluminated from the West
AREA 1
Airborne Radar MosaicIlluminated from the West
New Geologic Map Interpreted from RadarAnd Field Mapping
Geologic Map Showing Well andSeismic Line
Thrusts mapped on Radar used to
Interpret Seismic
Landsat TM imageBlues = agricultureDarks = ForestWhite = Clouds
Airborne Radar MosaicIlluminated from the West
AREA 2
Airborne Radar MosaicIlluminated from the West
New Geologic MapInterpreted from Radar
And Fieldwork
Geologic MapShowing NewStructural FeatureInterpreted fromRadar
Balanced CrossSection Constrained
By RadarInterpretation
Original Geologic Map -Missing InformationDue to Cloud Cover, Lacking Structural Framework
New Digital Geologic MapImproved Structure and
Stratigraphy for GIS
REMOTE SENSING REMOTE SENSING WILLWILL IMPROVEIMPROVEYOUR GEOLOGIC MAPPING & GISYOUR GEOLOGIC MAPPING & GIS
FOR EXPLORATIONFOR EXPLORATION
James Ellis, Ph.D. [email protected]
www.ellis-geospatial.com
Walnut Creek, CA925-280-0720
Imaging & Mapping Solutions
1. PROVIDES NEW INFORMATION2. PROVIDES AN ACCURATE BASEMAP FOR GIS3. HUGE ARCHIVES OF IMAGES4. COSTS DECREASING5. GOOD GEOLOGIC PROCESSING ADDS VALUE