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Open TextbooksAccess, Affordability, and Academic Success
David Ernst, PhD
University of Minnesota
@dernst
By David Ernst. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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–United Nations Universal Declaration of
Human Rights
“…higher education shall be
equally accessible to all…”
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The cost barrier kept
2.4 million
low and moderate-income college-qualified high
school graduates from completing college in the
previous decade.
The Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED529499.pdf
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$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
$8,000
$9,000
1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013
US Higher Education Funding - $/FTE
State Funding Tuition Revenue
http://www.sheeo.org
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$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
$5,000
$6,000
$7,000
$8,000
$9,000
$10,000
1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013
Wisconsin Higher Education Funding - $/FTE
State Funding Tuition Revenue
http://www.sheeo.org
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0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Hours
@ M
inim
um
Wage
Year
Affording Annual Tuition at the University of Minnesota
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The average borrower owes more than
$28,950
in student loans (class of 2014).
http://ticas.org/posd/map-state-data-2015
University of Wisconsin Milwaukee = $33,234
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$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
$1,000
$1,100
$1,200
$1,300
$1,400
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
$ B
illio
ns
US Debt
Consumer Revolving Credit Student Loan Debt
Federal Reserve http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/Current/
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What can we do?
Tuition and Fees
Room and Board
Books and Supplies
Personal Expenses
Transportation
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What can we do?
Tuition and Fees
Room and Board
Books and Supplies
Personal Expenses
Transportation
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0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
500%
600%
700%
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
% I
ncre
ase
Increase in Textbook Prices
Textbooks CPIBureau of Labor Statistics http://www.bls.gov/cpi/
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http://www.nbcnews.com/feature/freshman-year/college-textbook-prices-have-risen-812-percent-1978-n399926
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The average student should budget
$1,249 - $1,364
for books and supplies in 2015-16.
http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimated-undergraduate-budgets-2014-15
https://www4.uwm.edu/financialaid/financial_aid_basics/estimated_cost_of_attendance.cfm
University of Wisconsin Milwaukee = $800
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What do you think about the cost of
textbooks?
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What do you think about the cost of
textbooks?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0d6HT
N6llgo
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The Academic Impact
Purchase an older edition of the textbook
Delay purchasing the textbook
Never purchase the textbook
Share the textbook with other students
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–U of MN Student
"I figured French hadn't changed
that much.”
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59%
of students report that they have had to wait
for their financial aid check to purchase
textbooks.
Unpublished Minnesota State University Student Association survey
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Have you ever delayed purchasing a textbook because
of cost?
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Have you ever delayed purchasing a textbook because
of cost?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjaTJC
8zZJ4
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7/10
students surveyed hadn’t bought a required
textbook due to cost.
http://www.slideshare.net/txtbks/open-education-and-solving-the-textbook-cost-crisis
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63.6% Not purchase the required textbook
49.2% Take fewer courses
45.1% Not register for a specific course
33.9% Earn a poor grade
26.7% Drop a course
17.0% Fail a course
In your academic career, has the cost of
required textbooks caused you to:
http://www.openaccesstextbooks.org/pdf/2012_Florida_Student_Textbook_Survey.pdf
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-
4IswNs0WWE
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Other models…
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Where does the funding come
from?
Universities (SUNY, Umass Amherst, Portland State, …)
Foundations (Hewlett, Gates, …)
Governments (state, federal)
Professional Organizations (CALI)
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All Rights
Reserved
Some Rights
Reserved
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Plus…
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With Creative Commons licenses,
you are free to…
Copy Mix
Share Keep
Edit Use
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Introductory, algebra-based, two-semester
college physics
1272 pages
Available in
ePub
Web
Bookshare (accessible)
Instructor solution manual
Powerpoint slides
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
E1zAcm0lXn0
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open.umn.edu
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Open Textbook Reviews
0 05
1
10
48
9195
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1.0-1.5 1.5-2.0 2.0-2.5 2.5-3.0 3.0-3.5 3.5-4.0 4.0-4.5 4.5-5.0
Reviews
Ra ngs
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11 Peer Reviewed Studies
http://openedgroup.org/
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48,623 Students
http://openedgroup.org/
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93% Same or Better Outcomes
http://openedgroup.org/
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9 Peer Reviewed Studies of Perceptions of OER Quality
http://openedgroup.org/
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4,510 Professors and Students
http://openedgroup.org/
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50%35%Better
15%Worse
http://openedgroup.org/
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What can we do?
Take a look!
Write a review!
Adopt if a book meets the needs of you and your
students
Raise awareness - talk with colleagues in your
program and department
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Writing a Review
Is there is a textbook in the Open Textbook Library
that fits your class and/or expertise?
Departmental funding for:
1. attending this workshop, and
2. reviewing a textbook in the Open Textbook Library
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Writing a Review
1. You will receive an email with a link to the online review form.
2. Complete a concise review by January 16, 2016.
3. The review will be posted on the Open Textbook Library under an open license.
4. Stipend will be paid.
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David [email protected]
@dernst
Slides: http://slideshare.net/djernst
Open Textbook Library: open.umn.edu
By David Ernst. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.