VerbsVerbs
Chapter 4Chapter 4
•Join other verbs to make up
the complete verb•helping verbs
•Join other verbs to make up
the complete verb•helping verbs
am is are was
am is are was
werebe being been
werebe being been
havehashad
havehashad
dodoesdid
dodoesdid
Linking Verbs= state of being (forms of be)
Linking Verbs= state of being (forms of be)
Our neighbor is
Our neighbor isfriendly.friendly.
Our neighbor is
Our neighbor isa teacher.a teacher.
A teacher is our neighbor.
A teacher is our neighbor.SCARY!!!SCARY!!!
looklook smellsmell
tastetaste soundsound
feelfeel
ecome
emain
ppear
row
eem
tay
ecome
emain
ppear
row
eem
tay
Practice the Skill 4-3, p. 85Practice the Skill 4-3, p. 85
1. The tools of a weather forecaster are interesting and
diverse.
1. The tools of a weather forecaster are interesting and
diverse.
PA PA
2. A thermometer is important in the measurement of
temperature.
2. A thermometer is important in the measurement of
temperature.
PA PA
3. A falling barometer is a sign of stormy
weather.
3. A falling barometer is a sign of stormy
weather.
PN PN
4. Weather satellites have also grown
increasingly useful to meteorologists.
4. Weather satellites have also grown
increasingly useful to meteorologists.
PAPA
5. These satellites have
become an especially
valuable tool for a worldwide view
of weather conditions.
5. These satellites have
become an especially
valuable tool for a worldwide view
of weather conditions.
PNPN
My friend
gives me ______.
My friend
gives me ______.
transitive verbtransitive verb• has an object that
receives the action of the verb
• has an object that receives
the action of the verb
Dad loves chocolate
chip cookies.
Dad loves chocolate
chip cookies.
This time Mom made
him snickerdoodles.
This time Mom made
him snickerdoodles.
intransitive verbintransitive verb• does not need a complement or object
• does not need a complement or object
Allen was
napping in the
hammock.
The hammock
tipped over.
Allen was
napping in the
hammock.
The hammock
tipped over.
ParticipleParticiplethe third principal part of
the verb; used to form the perfect tenses and
adjectives
the third principal part of the verb; used to form the perfect tenses and
adjectives
PrincipalPrincipal
mainmainpresent past
past participle
present past
past participle
Regular verbs form the second and third
principal parts by adding -ed to the first principal
part.
Regular verbs form the second and third
principal parts by adding -ed to the first principal
part.walk, walked, (have) walked
walk, walked, (have) walked
Regular VerbsRegular Verbs
Regular VerbsRegular Verbs
hanghang hangedhanged hangedhanged
dragdrag draggeddragged draggeddraggeddrowndrown
drowneddrowned drowneddrowned
raiseraise raisedraised raisedraised
sneaksneak sneakedsneaked sneakedsneakedshineshine shinedshined shinedshined
climbclimb climbedclimbed climbedclimbed
Irregular Verbs
Irregular VerbsIrregular verbs form the
past and past participle in some other way than by adding -ed to the first
principal part.
Irregular verbs form the past and past participle in some other way than by adding -ed to the first
principal part.give, gave, (have) givengive, gave, (have) given
Irregular Verbs
Irregular VerbsAll three principal parts are the same.
All three principal parts are the same.
cost, cost, (have) costcost, cost, (have) costhit, hit, (have) hithit, hit, (have) hit
bid, bid, (have) bidbid, bid, (have) bid
Irregular Verbs
Irregular VerbsTwo principal parts are the
same.Two principal parts are the
same.hear, heard, (have) heardhear, heard, (have) heard
hold, held, (have) heldhold, held, (have) heldcreep, crept, (have) creptcreep, crept, (have) crept
Irregular Verbs
Irregular VerbsAll three principal parts of
the verb are different.All three principal parts of
the verb are different.forego, forewent, foregoneforego, forewent, foregone
mistake, mistook, mistaken
mistake, mistook, mistakenforget, forgot, forgottenforget, forgot, forgotten
Practice the Skill 4-7, pp. 91-92
Practice the Skill 4-7, pp. 91-92
1. What are some of the best things you
ever (did, done) outside?
1. What are some of the best things you
ever (did, done) outside?
diddid
2. I love ice skating on a lake that has
(froze, frozen).
2. I love ice skating on a lake that has
(froze, frozen).frozenfrozen
3. Today I just (laid, lay) out in the sun and read a book.
3. Today I just (laid, lay) out in the sun and read a book.
laylay
4. I have also (swam, swum) in the
ocean recently.
4. I have also (swam, swum) in the
ocean recently.swumswum
5. I love hearing birds sing, like the robin
that just (sang, sung) a beautiful song
outside my window.
5. I love hearing birds sing, like the robin
that just (sang, sung) a beautiful song
outside my window.
sangsang
pastpastpresentpresent
futurefuture
Present Tense Present Tense expresses a state that is true now or an action that occurs habitually
expresses a state that is true now or an action that occurs habitually
I do well in math classes.
I do well in math classes.
Past Tense (ed, t, en) Past Tense (ed, t, en)
shows action that occurred in the past
shows action that occurred in the past
Grandma made lunch for me.
Grandma made lunch for me.
Future Tense (will/shall) Future Tense (will/shall)
shows action that will occur later
shows action that will occur later
I shall finish my schooling.
I shall finish my schooling.
Gospels?Past=“In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.” John 1:1Present=the words of Jesus“Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that heareth my word, and believeth on him that sent me, hath everlasting life, and shall not come into condemnation; but is passed from death unto life.” John 5:24
Epistles?
Present=makes the passages personal, timeless, and immediate
Revelation?Past, Present, and Future
Much of it is recorded in past tense in the form of a dream
From God’s perspective, these future events have already occurred.
Perfect Tenses Perfect Tenses Perfect=Complete/CompletedPerfect=Complete/Completed
Form of have + 3rd Principal Part of the verb
Form of have + 3rd Principal Part of the verb
Perfect Tenses Perfect Tenses Present=have/has finished
Past=had finished
Future=will have finished
Present=have/has finished
Past=had finished
Future=will have finished
Progressive Tenses Progressive Tenses Continuous/ongoing action….Continuous/ongoing action….
Form of the be verb + ingForm of the be verb + ing
Tenses: The Flight 93 heroes__________ the hijackers. (attack)
Simple:
Present: attack
Past: attacked
Future: will attack
Perfect:
Present Perfect: have attacked
Past Perfect: had attacked
Future Perfect: will have attacked
Tenses: The Flight 93 heroes__________ the hijackers. (attack)
Progressive:
Present Progressive: are attacking
Past Progressive:were attacking
Future Progressive: will be attacking
Perfect Progressive:
Present Perfect Prog:have been attacking
Past Perfect Prog: had been attacking
Future Perfect Prog:will have been attacking
1. Ella’s friends gave her a party.
1. Ella’s friends gave her a party.2. Ella was given a party by her friends.
2. Ella was given a party by her friends.
andand
Advantages of
Advantages of
•livelier and stronger writing if you mention
•livelier and stronger writing if you mention
1. the doer (S)2. the action (V)3. the receiver (O)
1. the doer (S)2. the action (V)3. the receiver (O)•shorter writing•shorter writing
Active SentencesActive Sentences
Last night’s sermon was preached by
your uncle.
Last night’s sermon was preached by
your uncle.
Advantages ofAdvantages ofActive SentencesActive Sentences
Your uncle preached last night’s sermon.Your uncle preached last night’s sermon.
Passive sentences= form of be + past
partciple form of transitive verb
Passive sentences= form of be + past
partciple form of transitive verb
Advantages ofAdvantages of
You can avoid mentioning the doer
of the action.
You can avoid mentioning the doer
of the action.
Passive SentencesPassive Sentences
The money was kept in the store’s
safe overnight.
The money was kept in the store’s
safe overnight.
Advantages ofAdvantages ofPassive SentencesPassive Sentences
Evidence can be obtained by DNA
testing.
Evidence can be obtained by DNA
testing.
You can save important information for the end
of a sentence.
You can save important information for the end
of a sentence.