272
Early Vietnam
272
The U.S. sent military advisors to Vietnam in
1955
275McCarthyism
274
KOREA
273Cold War
273Following World War II the United States and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers. The two
unions of states faced off in an arms race that
lasted nearly 50 years.
274A nation in eastern Asia divided between North
and South and separated since 1953 by a
demilitarized zone [ 38TH parallel] policed
by U.S. and North Korean troops. Led by the Kim Family; hostile towards the west; friends with China. Communist
Dictatorship
275The fear of communism increased throughout the
1950’s as Americans
277
Dwight D. Eisenhower
276George Marshall
(1880-1959)
275McCarthyism
275The fear of communism increased throughout the
1950’s as Americans
276He organized the CCC of the New Deal and
implemented the Marshall Plan after World War II for the economic recovery of Europe. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953 for his post-war
efforts.
277 He served as Supreme Allied Commander in Europe during WWII and as the 34th President of the
279
Cuban Missile Crisis
278 Truman Doctrine
277
Dwight D. Eisenhower
277 He served as Supreme Allied Commander in Europe during WWII and as the 34th President of the
278To support democratic countries fighting or resisting communism
with money or military equipment. To use
containment to stop communism from
spreading.
279
Soviets started building missile sites in Cuba, in
279
Cuban Missile Crisis
279
Soviets started building missile sites in Cuba, in
280
HUAC
280
Formed in 1938 to investigate subversive organizations such as
labor unions and the film industry. Tried unsuccessful to charge Hollywood actors with contempt of congress but this
forced heads of studios to create a blacklist
282
Iron Curtain
281
Venona Project
281
a counter-intelligence program initiated by the United States Army
Signal Intelligence Service (a forerunner of the National Security Agency) that lasted from 1943 to 1980.The program attempted to decrypt messages sent by Soviet
Union intelligence agencies, including its foreign intelligence service and military intelligence
services
282A fictional term to
describe or symbolize a growing barrier
between eastern and western Europe. It was first termed by
Winston Churchhill
283Domino Theory
283The belief that if Vietnam fell to communism its
neighboring countries would also fall.
284
Rock and Roll
285
Containment
284A popular style of
music started in the 1950’s with roots in
rhythm-and-blues, jazz, country and folk music.
Early musicians included Elvis Presley. Chuck Berry, Buddy
Holly and Little Richard.
285A political strategy not a military one to restrict the spread of communism. It was to keep communism
where it is at. First termed by George Kennan
286
NATO
287
Potsdam Conference
286
North Atlantic Treaty Organization a group composed of military alliances of Western
European countries along with the U.S. and
Canada to provide collective security. “All for one and one for All”
287
A meeting of the allied leaders were they
finalized the postwar plans for Germany by dividing Berlin into occupation zones
288
The Marshall Plan
289
Berlin Airlift
288
A recovery plan for European nations by
offering funds as long as the money was spent on
American goods. It promoted democracy and
opposed the spread of communism
289The Soviet Union angry about the new Federal Republic of Germany blockaded all travel in and out of Berlin. The
U.S. responded by airlifting 2.5 million ton
of supplies for the next 10 months. The soviets
eventually called off the blockade
290
Warsaw Pact
291
Mao Zedong
290A group composed of military alliances of Eastern European
countries led by the Soviet Union. A
response to NATO
291
Leader of communist China who defeated the nationalists led by
Chiang Kai-shek. The defeated Nationalists fled to Formosa and renamed it Taiwan. This forced the U.S. to search or an ally in
Asia
93
292Brinkmanship
293
MAD
93
292A foreign policy that is a willingness to go to the edge or brink
of war
293
“Mutual Assured Destruction” the
invention of the H-Bomb fueled a deadly arms race. This policy
meant either side would respond to a nuclear attack by
launching its missiles.
95 294
Rosenburg Trial
295
The Berlin Wall
95One of the nation’s Founding
294 Husband and wife Ethel and Julius Rosenburg
were charged with passing atomic secrets to the Soviets. They were sentenced to death amid
protests of their innocence
295
A concrete wall that the communist East German government erected in 1961 to cut off West Berlin from the rest of East Germany. It stood until 1989
97
296Satellite Nation
297
Fair Deal
97
296A country that is
under the control and influence of a more
powerful Nation
297
A package of reforms by President Truman
that increased the minimum wage,
increased spending on education and enacted a nat’l health insurance
program.
298
Taft-Hartley Act
299
Real Income
298
The law placed many limits on the power
of unions. It outlawed “Closed
Shops” and banned “sympathy strikes”
299Is income measured by
the amount of goods and services it will buy regardless of inflation
300
Planned Obsolescence
301
Cost of Living Index
300A method to encourage
consumption, it’s a way to create the
desire to own something a little newer, better and
sooner than necessary
301
It measure the differences in the price of goods and
services over time
93
302Franchise
303
White Collar /Blue Collar
93
302Is an agreement to operate a business
that carries a company’s name and
sell its products.
303
White Collar = include professionals such as doctors. Lawyers and managersBlue Collar = include factory workers, skilled workers and laborers
95
304Baby Boom
305Levittown
95One of the nation’s Founding
304A large increase in the
number of babies born in proportion to the size of
the population. It happened in the 1950s
due to the large number of marriages after WW2
305The 1st planned
community in the U.S. they were small, boxy and almost identical
homes and 36 could be built in one day
97
306Sunbelt
307Interstate
Highway System
97
306The belt of warm weather states that stretched from
Florida to California. After WW2 factories started
moving into the sunbelt due to labor costs and unions
were less entrenched.
307
Authorized by Congress in 1956. The
goal was to connect major cities around the country by a network of super highways. It was also to serve as a evacuation route in
case of nuclear attack
308Polio Vaccine
309Life Expectancy
308Developed by Dr. Jonas Salk it was made up of very small parts of the polio virus. It was
deemed 90% effective
309The average span of life determined by gender and race.
310Suburbia
311 Beatniks
310A term used to describe the nations suburbs and the people who live there. Their creation was made possible by the automobile and the interstate highway system.
311
Members of a movement of writers and poets who rejected all forms of
convention or conformity. They listened to Jazz, smoked marijuana, practiced Eastern religions and wore
berets
312End Unit 9
Jackson Pollock
312An Abstract Expressionism
artist whose work was an expression against conformity
and convention especially in the Art field. He said his source of paintings is the unconscious.