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Virginia’s Highway Safety Plan
VASITE Summer MeetingJune 25, 2015
Mark A. Cole, PEAssistant State Traffic Engineer
Highway Safety Program
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In Virginia…
a highway crash occurs every 4 minutes
a person is injured in a highway crash every 8 minutes
An average of 2 people dieevery day in highway crashes
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Agenda
• VDOT’s Highway Safety Program• Virginia Crash Trends• Strategic Highway Safety Plan• Current VDOT Highway Safety Strategies
– Improve Access to Highway Safety Info– Deliver Highway Safety Six-Year Plan– Deploy Low-Cost/High Benefit Solutions– Implement Roadway Departure Plan
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VDOT’s Highway Safety Program
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What we do:• Identify & prioritize crash locations• Determine safety improvement projects• Fund & Deliver safety projects• Track results/lessons learned• Work Zone safety
Teamwork is Critical!
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5
36% 35%37%
20%
38% 35%
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Virginia Highway Crashes (2010 – 2014)
115997 120487 123478 121601 120448
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Year
VDOT Local Total Crashes Injuries 6
64%
36%
65%
35%
65%
37%
63%
20%
62%
38% 35%
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Virginia Highway Deaths & Serious Injuries2005 - 2014
7
22,489
7,572
11316 10328
5,0007,0009,000
11,00013,00015,00017,00019,00021,00023,00025,000
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Serious Injuries SHSP Target
946
1,026
740775
700718
656600650700750800850900950
10001050
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
Deaths SHSP Target
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VDOT Maintained Road Crashes 2010-2014
8
23%
41%
36%
Total CrashesInterstate
Primary
Secondary
20%
44%
36%
ALL Injuries
17%
48%
35%
Deaths
21%
42%
37%
Severe Injuries
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2010 - 2014 Network Comparison
9
84%
16%
Lane MileageVDOTLocal
82%
18%
DVMT
81%
19%
Deaths
62%
37%
Injuries
64%
36%
Crashes
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2010 - 2014 Network ComparisonStatewide - Posted Speed Limit
10
20%
24%42%
14%
Fatal Crashes
40%
26%
24%
10%
Total Crashes
35 or Less 36 to 4546 to 55 Over 55
40%
28%
24%
8%
Injury Crashes
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Virginia Highway Crash Types
11
33
25
19
8.5
5
2.62.1 1.4
3.4
Total Crashes (%)
5.8
16.8
44.8
2.40.6
10
5.5
11
3.1
Fatal Crashes (%)
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Virginia Pedestrian & Bicycle Crashes2010-2014
12
2%
14%
17%
67%
Total Crashes (%)9%
34%
17%
40%
Fatalities (%)
2%
14%
16%68%
Injuries (%)
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Strategic Highway Safety Plan
VisionToward Zero Deaths
Mission• save lives and reduce crashes and injuries• data driven strategic approach• enforcement, education, engineering, and
emergency response strategies
Goalreduce deaths & severe injuries by half by 2030
Target –3 percent per year until 2016
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SHSP Emphasis Areas
1. Roadway Departure2. Intersections3. Speed4. Occupant Protection5. Impaired Drivers6. Young Drivers7. Data Collection, Management and Analysis
http://www.virginiadot.org/info/hwysafetyplan.asp
EngineeringStrategies
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Current VDOT HighwaySafety Strategies
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Improve Access to Safety Info
• NEW Highway Safety OutsideVDOT page• Worked with DMV to improve crash data timelinessØ 18 month lag in June of 2014Ø 2 month lag in June of 2015
• Developed Tableau Tools:Ø Crash Data ToolØ Highway Safety Project Tracking Tool
Go to: OutsideVDOTClick on: VDOT Highway Safety Info
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Deliver Highway Safety Six-Year Plan
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Data-Driven Projects Focusing on:• Roadway Departure crashes• Intersection crashes• Bicycle and Pedestrian safety• Low-cost/high-benefit safety solutions
Flashing Yellow Arrows
Rumble Strips
Curve Delineation
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Highway Safety Project Inventory
1517
13
24
10
38
39
20
1310
Active Projects By District*
Bristol Culpeper FredericksburgHampton Roads Lynchburg Northern VARichmond Salem StauntonStatewide
199Total
*Active means in preliminary engineering, right-of-way, or construction phases as of June 12, 2015
77
13
109
Active Projects ByPhase*
PE Right-of-way Construction
138
61
Project Administration*
VDOT Local
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HSIP SYIP (FY2016-FY2021)
19
51.0
16.6
8.22.2
28.3
26.3
24.623.2 20.8
4.2
5.0
5.35.3
5.3
4.0
6.0
8.010.0
10.0
5.010.0
10.010.0
3.0 4.6 7.0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021
Fund
ing
($M
illio
ns)
Previously Allocated/Committed New District HSIP ProjectsStatewide Initiatives Local Safety ProjectsRoadway Departure Plan Future District Projects
53.4 53.153.153.1 53.153.1
* Available funding estimates provided by Infrastructure Investment Division in March, 2015.
2.6
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Open Container SYIP (FY2015-FY2021)
20
3.0
11.2
14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0 14.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 FY 2018 FY 2019 FY 2020 FY 2021
Fund
ing
($M
illio
ns)
Previously Allocated/Committed I-95/I-81 Safety Projects
14.2 141414 141414
* Estimated funding based on past years and VDOT/DMV split as of March, 2015. Subject to change.
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Before-and-after Results
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Where 113 highway safety-funded projectshave been deployed since 2004…
92%
Fatal Crashes
55%
Injury Crashes
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Deploy Low-Cost/High-Benefit Solutions
What We Know:• Highway Safety Funding is very limited.• Severe crashes are spread out across our roadway network
As a result, we must:• Select projects based on data-driven approach• Take advantage of low cost solutions that can be deployed at
many locations (We call these SYSTEMIC projects)
For Example …
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Example
Traditional IntersectionProject
• Rebuild IntersectionØ Move curbØ Add capacityØ Rebuild/replace signalØ Some R/W required
• Typical Cost: $2-4 Million• Typical Schedule: 2-4 years
• Typical crash reductionØ 10-15 crashes/year
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Systemic IntersectionProject
• Deploy flashing yellowarrow at 25 intersections
• Approximate Cost: $500K• Approx. Schedule: 1 year
• Expected crash ReductionØ 36% of all left turn angle
collisionsØ Approximately 90
crashes/year
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http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/systemic/index.htm
FHWA Systemic Approach
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Systemic Projects – Curve Delineation
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Estimated Cost:à $5K/location
Estimated Crash Reduction:à 30-50% of all crashes
Estimated Schedule:à less than 1 year
Other Notes:FHWA proven safety countermeasure
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Systemic Projects – Rumble Strips
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Estimated Cost:à $7K/mile – center line RSà $12K/mile – shoulder RS
Estimated Crash Reduction:à 44-64% - center line RSà 36% - shoulder RS
Estimated Schedule:à less than 1 year
Other Notes:FHWA proven safety countermeasure
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Systemic Projects – Flashing Yellow Arrow
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Estimated Cost:à $20K/intersection
Estimated Crash Reduction:à 36 % of left turn angle crashes
Estimated Schedule:à about a year
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Systemic Projects – Retroreflective TrafficSignal Backplates
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Estimated Cost:à $5-7K/intersection
(much less if doing other work)
Estimated Crash Reduction:à 15 % of all intersection crashesà 28% of severe crashes
Estimated Schedule:à less than a year
Other Notes:FHWA’s proven safety countermeasure
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Systemic Projects –Signal Timing
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Elements:• Cycle length, split, Offset, Yellow
and Red Clearance intervals,pedestrian clearance interval,pedestrian phase selection.
Estimated Cost:à $5K/intersection
Estimated Crash Reduction:à 20-33 % of all crashes
Estimated Schedule:à less than a year
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Systemic Projects – Road Diets
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Estimated Cost:à $20-30K/mile for pavement
marking changes
Estimated Crash Reduction:à 20-47 % of all crashesà particularly rear end, angle, and
sideswipe crashesà risk reduction for peds and bikes
Estimated Schedule:à less than a year if coordinated
with resurfacing
Other Notes:FHWA proven safety countermeasure
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Systemic Projects – Ped Refuge Islands
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Estimated Cost:à $20-30K/location if no R/W needed
Estimated Crash Reduction:à 40-45 % of all crashes
Estimated Schedule:à 1-2 years
Other Notes:FHWA proven safety countermeasure
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Systemic Projects – Other Ped/Bike Projects
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Element w/ Estimated Cost:• Ped countdown SignalsØ $1200/Each
• Rectangular Rapid Flashing BeaconØ $30-40K per location
• HAWK SignalØ $90-120K per locationØ FHWA Proven Safety
Countermeasure• High-Visibility Crosswalk
Ø $5-10K/intersection
• Green Bike Lanes in conflict areasØ $20/square foot
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Roadway Departure Plan
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Roadway Departure Crash Definition
“A non-intersection crash which occurswhen a vehicle crosses an edge line or a
center line, or otherwise leaves thetraveled way.” (Source: FHWA)
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Roadway Departure Plan
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• Completed by FHWA
• Recommends low-cost,systemic countermeasures
• Focus on keeping vehicles onthe road
• Plan, spreadsheet and GISmaps available onOutsideVDOT Page. Accessby clicking HERE.
Contact Stephen Read at:(804) 786-9094
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Roadway Departure Plan
TOP 3 Recommendations of Plan:
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Deploy low cost treatments at targeted locations that havecrash history
RecommendedTreatment
EstimatedInvestment
EstimatedAnnual
Severe InjuryReduction
EstimatedAnnualFatality
ReductionCurve treatments $13M 150 18Centerline Rumble Strips $8M 185 6Shoulder Rumble Strips $10M 229 6
Total $35M 564/year 30/year
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VDOT Highway Safety Strategies Summary
• Improve Access to Highway Safety Info• Deliver Highway Safety Six-Year Plan• Deploy Low-Cost/High Benefit Solutions• Implement Roadway Departure Plan
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Questions?
Mark A. Cole, PEVDOT Assistant State Traffic Engineer
Highway Safety Program(804) 786-4196