Download - ViSiCAST 2001 Technical Audit 8 October 2001, Brussels Michele Wakefield - Project Manager, ITC
ViSiCAST 2001 Technical AuditViSiCAST 2001 Technical Audit
8 October 2001, Brussels8 October 2001, BrusselsMichele Wakefield - Project Manager, ITCMichele Wakefield - Project Manager, ITC
The ViSiCAST ProjectThe ViSiCAST Project
VVirtual irtual SSigning igning CCapture apture AAnimation nimation SStorage and torage and TTransmissionransmission
Aims of ViSiCAST ProjectAims of ViSiCAST Project
“…“…support improved access by deaf support improved access by deaf citizens to information and services citizens to information and services in sign language”in sign language”
user friendly methods to capture & generate signsuser friendly methods to capture & generate signs
machine readable system to describe gestures machine readable system to describe gestures
... preferred medium is sign language... preferred medium is sign language
Independent Television
CommissionTelevirtual
University of East Anglia
The Post Office
Royal Institute for Deaf People
Instituutvoor Doven
Hamburg University
Institut für Rundfunktechnik
Institut National des Télécommunications
ViSiCAST ConsortiumViSiCAST Consortium
Project DimensionsProject Dimensions
DurationDuration StartStart : January 2000: January 2000 FinishFinish : December 2002: December 2002 36 months36 months
Total Costs Total Costs 3770kECU total 3770kECU total 2876kECU funding from EC2876kECU funding from EC
ViSiCAST Project HighlightsViSiCAST Project Highlights
Prototype enabling text translation and direct Prototype enabling text translation and direct synthesis of sign language gesturessynthesis of sign language gestures
Quality assessment support to other EU projectQuality assessment support to other EU project New TESSA system trial at Science Museum, LondonNew TESSA system trial at Science Museum, London
Achieved BCS IT Award and Gold MedalAchieved BCS IT Award and Gold Medal
Innovative transmission assessment for broadcast TVInnovative transmission assessment for broadcast TV BBC seek to deliver a closed signing service for broadcast DTVBBC seek to deliver a closed signing service for broadcast DTV
WWW Weather-forecaster with Virtual Signer WWW Weather-forecaster with Virtual Signer available in 3 Sign Languagesavailable in 3 Sign Languages
WWW High Street Broadcast
Evaluation
Exploitation
Animation Linguistics
ViSiCAST Project StructureViSiCAST Project Structure
Technology
User Application
Exploitation &Dissemination
Technology Focus ObjectivesTechnology Focus Objectives
WP 4 AnimationWP 4 Animation Increased realism in sign generationIncreased realism in sign generation
Enhanced signing experienceEnhanced signing experience
WP5 Sign Language LinguisticsWP5 Sign Language Linguistics Use of natural sign languageUse of natural sign language Synthesis of sign language gesturesSynthesis of sign language gestures
Animation Work: ObjectivesAnimation Work: Objectives
WP4:WP4: Develop Hi-Resolution Avatars + related capture, Develop Hi-Resolution Avatars + related capture,
animation and transmission formats inc. animation and transmission formats inc. compressioncompression
To enable and support application development To enable and support application development in WPs 1-2-3 using WP4 (& WP5) Product.in WPs 1-2-3 using WP4 (& WP5) Product.
To further develop, compare and integrate both To further develop, compare and integrate both proprietary and standard solutions, where proprietary and standard solutions, where appropriateappropriate
Animation: Current WorkAnimation: Current Work
Through Year TwoThrough Year Two Continued to support Application developmentContinued to support Application development Continuous upgrade to VISIA / TESSA player Continuous upgrade to VISIA / TESSA player
(Open GL renderer under Active X control)(Open GL renderer under Active X control) Bug fixing / Motion capture supportBug fixing / Motion capture support .baf format and compression layer with WP1 to .baf format and compression layer with WP1 to
create Broadcast Demonstrator using Vsicast create Broadcast Demonstrator using Vsicast systemsystem
MPEG compatability / parallel development in MPEG compatability / parallel development in WP4 and applicationsWP4 and applications
Animation: Continuing & future Animation: Continuing & future WorkWork
Working on ways to improve facial Working on ways to improve facial animation / realism (forehead / eyes)animation / realism (forehead / eyes)
Exploring Statistical Methods to define Exploring Statistical Methods to define and generate facial Animation and generate facial Animation
Working on ways to facilitate Avatar Working on ways to facilitate Avatar creation (Photographic acquisition)creation (Photographic acquisition)
Mask 2 + Improved Mo CapMask 2 + Improved Mo Cap
MPEG-4 SNHC for interoperable animationMPEG-4 SNHC for interoperable animation MPEG-4 SNHC MPEG-4 SNHC playerplayer and and
serverserver delivered in June 2001 delivered in June 2001
MPEG-4 compliant AnimationMPEG-4 compliant AnimationAchievementsAchievements
5 to 25 kbit/s5 to 25 kbit/s
7 to 14 bit/vertex7 to 14 bit/vertex
Making use of a MPEG-4 compliant Making use of a MPEG-4 compliant VisiaVisia model model Compliance with VRML standard (H-Anim Compliance with VRML standard (H-Anim
specifications)specifications)
Incorporating a full compression layerIncorporating a full compression layer 3D mesh & texture encoding3D mesh & texture encoding Motion parameters (BAP/FAP) encodingMotion parameters (BAP/FAP) encoding
Implementing importation and editing toolsImplementing importation and editing tools
Open delivery interface: MPEG-2, IP, ATM ... Open delivery interface: MPEG-2, IP, ATM ...
Advanced interoperable distributed animation systemAdvanced interoperable distributed animation system
Improved facial animationImproved facial animation
MPEG-4 System layer implementationMPEG-4 System layer implementation Multimedia (audio, video, text…) synchronisationMultimedia (audio, video, text…) synchronisation Error resilience Error resilience Management of scene descriptionManagement of scene description
MPEG-compliant SiGML-driven animationMPEG-compliant SiGML-driven animation
Open input/output interfaceOpen input/output interface
MPEG-4 compliant AnimationMPEG-4 compliant AnimationPerspectivesPerspectives
Presentation by Streams - Presentation by Streams - LinguisticsLinguistics
WP 4 AnimationWP 4 Animation Increased realism in sign generationIncreased realism in sign generation
Enhanced signing experienceEnhanced signing experience
WP5 Sign Language LinguisticsWP5 Sign Language Linguistics Use of natural sign languageUse of natural sign language Synthesis of sign language gesturesSynthesis of sign language gestures
WP 5: Language TechnologyWP 5: Language Technology
Goal within the project: Goal within the project: To provide semi-automatic translation from To provide semi-automatic translation from
English into BSL, DGS, NGTEnglish into BSL, DGS, NGT
Can also be used to assist the user in Can also be used to assist the user in monolingual language inputmonolingual language input No writing system for sign languages establishedNo writing system for sign languages established
The last year: 3 deliverablesThe last year: 3 deliverables
D5-1: Defining the interfacesD5-1: Defining the interfaces
D5-2: Transfer to XML: D5-2: Transfer to XML: SiGML definitionSiGML definition
D5-3 Prototype translation system: D5-3 Prototype translation system: English to notationEnglish to notation
D5-1: Defining the interfacesD5-1: Defining the interfaces
Adaptation of Discourse Representation StructureAdaptation of Discourse Representation Structure
Extension of HamNoSys, a phonetic transcription Extension of HamNoSys, a phonetic transcription system for sign languagesystem for sign language
Notation conventions for all non-manual aspects Notation conventions for all non-manual aspects relevant for (European) sign languagesrelevant for (European) sign languages Body movementBody movement Head movementHead movement Facial expressionsFacial expressions Mouthing and Mouth gesturesMouthing and Mouth gestures Eye movementEye movement Synchronicity with manual elementsSynchronicity with manual elements
D5-2: SiGMLD5-2: SiGML
Defines XML domain based on D5-1 Defines XML domain based on D5-1 manual and non-manual notationmanual and non-manual notation
Simple timing modelSimple timing model Probably to be revised to ease Probably to be revised to ease
integration with upcoming integration with upcoming synchronisation models as required for synchronisation models as required for broadcasting etc.broadcasting etc. SMIL, XMT (MPEG4) etc.SMIL, XMT (MPEG4) etc.
D5-3: Proto text-to-sign notationD5-3: Proto text-to-sign notation
English to semantics (DRS)English to semantics (DRS) CMU ParserCMU Parser DRS constructionDRS construction
Semantics to sign language notationSemantics to sign language notation DRS to HPSG semantics (ALE/MRS)DRS to HPSG semantics (ALE/MRS) HPSG generation (ALE/LinGo)HPSG generation (ALE/LinGo) HPSG PHON (HamNoSys) to SiGMLHPSG PHON (HamNoSys) to SiGML
HPSG modelling of sign languagesHPSG modelling of sign languages
Aiming at proper sign language, not Aiming at proper sign language, not anything like SEEanything like SEE
No detailed grammars published, no No detailed grammars published, no usable dictionariesusable dictionaries
Most importantly: Data-drivenMost importantly: Data-driven Lexicon and every aspect of our grammar Lexicon and every aspect of our grammar
fragmentfragment
Example: Verifying detailsExample: Verifying details
Zur Anzeige wird der QuickTime™ Dekompressor “Cinepak”
benötigt.
Zur Anzeige wird der QuickTime™ Dekompressor “Sorenson Video”
benötigt.
Demo: D5-3 plus D4-2Demo: D5-3 plus D4-2
Due month 26 (Feb 02), i.e. work in Due month 26 (Feb 02), i.e. work in progressprogress
Complete route from English to sign Complete route from English to sign language animationlanguage animation
Convert avatar-independent SiGML to Convert avatar-independent SiGML to avatar-specific description:avatar-specific description:
Define all SiGML locations (shoulder, eyes, fingertip, Define all SiGML locations (shoulder, eyes, fingertip, etc.) in terms of the avatar's geometryetc.) in terms of the avatar's geometry Define hand shapes in terms of rotations of the hand Define hand shapes in terms of rotations of the hand
jointsjoints Determine arm joint rotations from hand positions by Determine arm joint rotations from hand positions by
inverse kinematicsinverse kinematics Convert SiGML movements into numerically defined Convert SiGML movements into numerically defined
trajectoriestrajectories Output in BAF format or VRMLOutput in BAF format or VRML
Synthetic Animation of SiGMLSynthetic Animation of SiGML
Model each joint by a second-order Model each joint by a second-order control systemcontrol system
a muscle applies a torque to the joint, resisted by a a muscle applies a torque to the joint, resisted by a moment of inertia and dampingmoment of inertia and damping
Generate different types of motion (fast, Generate different types of motion (fast, slow, etc.) by varying the model slow, etc.) by varying the model parametersparameters
Biocontrol modelBiocontrol model
If only hands, arms, and face are If only hands, arms, and face are animated, the result is stiff and lifeless.animated, the result is stiff and lifeless.
Animate the spine and head by mixing Animate the spine and head by mixing “ambient motion” from motion capture files “ambient motion” from motion capture files with synthetic animation.with synthetic animation.
Ambient motionAmbient motion
Closing the feedback loopClosing the feedback loop
So far, only the native signers involved in the So far, only the native signers involved in the project can judge the output of our HPSG project can judge the output of our HPSG generation systemgeneration system Requires intimate knowledge of HamNoSys at leastRequires intimate knowledge of HamNoSys at least
With the animation output, we have access to the With the animation output, we have access to the native signers’ intuition of much more people than native signers’ intuition of much more people than todaytoday
Opens the way to more formal evaluation of the Opens the way to more formal evaluation of the generation system than is available to dategeneration system than is available to date
Summary: Language TechnologySummary: Language Technology
First successful steps in HPSG language modelling First successful steps in HPSG language modelling and translation of English to sign languageand translation of English to sign language
Encoding established and extended sign language Encoding established and extended sign language notation with standard description model (XML)notation with standard description model (XML)
Already close to closing the feedback loop to allow Already close to closing the feedback loop to allow native signers evaluation of our language native signers evaluation of our language production systemproduction system
Presentation by StreamsPresentation by Streams
Animation and LinguisticsAnimation and Linguistics
User Applications : Evaluation of broadcast User Applications : Evaluation of broadcast transmission for DTV transmission for DTV
Exploitation and DisseminationExploitation and Dissemination
Presentation by Streams - Presentation by Streams - TelevisionTelevision
WP1 Television WP1 Television Closed signing for Broadcast DTTClosed signing for Broadcast DTT Enhanced signing experienceEnhanced signing experience Regulation and StandardsRegulation and Standards
WP2 Internet WP2 Internet Information and Education for Deaf PeopleInformation and Education for Deaf People
WP3 Face to FaceWP3 Face to Face High Street Post Office Counter ServicesHigh Street Post Office Counter Services
Science Museum Trial - Summer 2001Science Museum Trial - Summer 2001
Low transmission rate < 25 kbit/sLow transmission rate < 25 kbit/s Compatibility with signing on other media andCompatibility with signing on other media and foreign deaf languagesforeign deaf languages Precise, sharp representation of signerPrecise, sharp representation of signer Open display optionsOpen display options Compliance with international standards: MPEG, DVBCompliance with international standards: MPEG, DVB Future-proof:Future-proof:
cost savingcost saving allows vast no. of signed programmesallows vast no. of signed programmes no transition from video-based to VH signingno transition from video-based to VH signing
VH on TV: The AdvantagesVH on TV: The Advantages
Integrated TX system for broadcast to STBsIntegrated TX system for broadcast to STBs demonstrator complete end of 2000demonstrator complete end of 2000
Implementing virtual human s/w in STBImplementing virtual human s/w in STB
Incorporating a compression layerIncorporating a compression layer
Using MPEG-2 delivery layer for maximum compliance: Using MPEG-2 delivery layer for maximum compliance: with existing hardwarewith existing hardware with MPEG & DVB standardswith MPEG & DVB standards with proprietary formatswith proprietary formats
Broadcast VH Signing:Broadcast VH Signing:AchievementsAchievements
Broadcast VH Signing:Broadcast VH Signing:Functional architectureFunctional architecture
MUXMUX
PacketPacket
MPEG-2MPEG-2AVAV
encoderencoder
MPEG-4MPEG-4SNHCSNHC
encoderencoder
BAFBAFencoderencoder
MPEG-2MPEG-2AVAV
decoderdecoder
MPEG-4MPEG-4SNHCSNHC
decoderdecoder
BAFBAFdecoderdecoder
MPEG-4MPEG-4SNHCSNHCplayerplayer
BAFBAFplayerplayer
CCOOMMPPOOSSEE
dedePacketPacket
dedeMUXMUX
EncoderEncoder DecoderDecoderCompositorCompositor
SystemSystem SystemSystemDeliveryDelivery
normativenormative
proprietaryproprietaryMPEG-2MPEG-2
TSTS
Broadcast VH Signing:Broadcast VH Signing:System layer implementationSystem layer implementation
UDP/TCPUDP/TCPpacketiserpacketiser
ThomsonThomsonMPEGMPEG
encoderencoder
RFRFmodulatormodulator
DVBDVBreceiver receiver
cardcard
IPIPfilterfilter
SystemSystem SystemSystemDeliveryDelivery
EncoderEncoder DecoderDecoderCompositorCompositor
MPEG-2MPEG-2TSTS
MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS)
MPEG-2 Packetized Elementary Stream (PES) Section PES
Broadcast VH Signing:Broadcast VH Signing:Versatile delivery architectureVersatile delivery architecture
BAFAudioVideo
FlexMUX
Scenedesc.
Audio Video SNHC
MPEG-4MPEG-2
Proprietary
SiGML SiGML
Text
MPEG-7ContentdescriptionContentdescription
CodingCoding
DeliveryDelivery
DVB compliantDVB compliant
Advanced TX system for broadcast to STBsAdvanced TX system for broadcast to STBs
Open, MPEG & DVB compliant architectureOpen, MPEG & DVB compliant architecture
Improved synchronisation layer Improved synchronisation layer
Integrating a compositing layerIntegrating a compositing layer
Implementing a complete MPEG-4 multimedia player Implementing a complete MPEG-4 multimedia player
Integrating SiGML streamIntegrating SiGML stream
Broadcast VH Signing:Broadcast VH Signing:PerspectivesPerspectives
MPEGMPEG
CompositorCompositor
Broadcast VH Signing:Broadcast VH Signing:Targeted architectureTargeted architecture
MUXMUX
PacketPacket
MPEG-4MPEG-4SNHCSNHC
encoderencoder
BAFBAFencoderencoder
MPEG-4MPEG-4SNHCSNHC
decoderdecoder
BAFBAFdecoderdecoder
MultimediaMultimediaplayerplayer
dedePacketPacket
dedeMUXMUX
EncoderEncoder DecoderDecoderCompositorCompositor
SystemSystem SystemSystemDeliveryDelivery
normativenormative
proprietaryproprietaryMPEG-2MPEG-2
TSTS
MPEG-MPEG-AVAV
encoderencoder
22 44
MPEG-MPEG-AVAV
decoderdecoder
22 44
Presentation by Streams - Presentation by Streams - WWWWWW
WP1 Television WP1 Television Closed signing for Broadcast DTTClosed signing for Broadcast DTT
Enhanced signing experienceEnhanced signing experience Regulation and StandardsRegulation and Standards
WP2 Internet WP2 Internet Information and Education for Deaf PeopleInformation and Education for Deaf People
WP3 Face to FaceWP3 Face to Face High Street Post Office Counter ServicesHigh Street Post Office Counter Services
Science Museum Trial - Summer 2001Science Museum Trial - Summer 2001
Weather Forecast AWeather Forecast Applicationpplication
First WWW application:First WWW application:daily weather forecast in 3 sign daily weather forecast in 3 sign languageslanguages content creationcontent creation example forecastexample forecast evaluationevaluation
DemoDemo
Evaluation with Deaf usersEvaluation with Deaf users
Subjective quality of signing rated as Subjective quality of signing rated as ‘reasonable’ or ‘good’‘reasonable’ or ‘good’
68% correct or partially correct68% correct or partially correct
Improvement possibilities Improvement possibilities mouthingmouthing facial expressionsfacial expressions
MouthingMouthing
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
independent partiallydependent
mainlydependent
partially correctcorrect
Scores for signs depending in various degrees on mouthing
Facial ExpressionsFacial Expressions
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
independent partiallydependent
mainlydependent
partially correctcorrect
Scores for signs depending in various degrees on facial expressions
Next StepsNext Steps
ImprovementsImprovements
Beta-testingBeta-testing on lineon line larger user group larger user group user feedbackuser feedback
Exploitation planningExploitation planning
Presentation by Streams – Presentation by Streams – Face to FaceFace to Face
WP1 Television WP1 Television Closed signing for Broadcast DTTClosed signing for Broadcast DTT Enhanced signing experienceEnhanced signing experience Regulation and StandardsRegulation and Standards
WP2 Internet WP2 Internet Information and Education for Deaf PeopleInformation and Education for Deaf People
WP3 Face to FaceWP3 Face to Face High Street Post Office Counter ServicesHigh Street Post Office Counter Services Science Museum Trial - Summer 2001Science Museum Trial - Summer 2001
WP3: Face-to-face transactions WP3: Face-to-face transactions
Research concentrated on TESSA (Text and Research concentrated on TESSA (Text and Sign Support Agent)Sign Support Agent) Enables Post Office counter clerks to “translate” from Enables Post Office counter clerks to “translate” from
(English) speech to sign language(English) speech to sign language
System developments:System developments: Autumn 2000: New system software completed, Autumn 2000: New system software completed,
incorporating IBM “Via Voice” speech recognition and incorporating IBM “Via Voice” speech recognition and improved avatarimproved avatar
Spring 2001: Spring 2001: 200 new signs recorded, processed and 200 new signs recorded, processed and added to systemadded to system
Spring/Summer 2001: Development and testing of Spring/Summer 2001: Development and testing of “unconstrained system”“unconstrained system”
First System using Constrained First System using Constrained Speech RecognitionSpeech Recognition
““Unconstrained” Speech SystemUnconstrained” Speech System
DemoDemo
Testing the Speech Recognition Testing the Speech Recognition Accuracy of the Unconstrained SystemAccuracy of the Unconstrained System
Single speaker Single speaker 200 “constrained” phrases 200 “constrained” phrases
Three recording conditions:Three recording conditions: studio microphone in acoustic boothstudio microphone in acoustic booth boom microphone I in labboom microphone I in lab boom microphone II in Science Museum Post Officeboom microphone II in Science Museum Post Office
Three conditions for recogniser:Three conditions for recogniser: UntrainedUntrained Acoustic models fully trained on boom microphone II in labAcoustic models fully trained on boom microphone II in lab Acoustic and language models fully trainedAcoustic and language models fully trained
Speech recognition accuracy Speech recognition accuracy of unconstrained systemof unconstrained system
Word accuracy
0
20
40
60
80
100
Untrained user Fully trained user,acoustic models
only
Fully trained user,acoustic and
language modelstrained
Pe
rce
nta
ge
ac
cu
rac
y
PO Test
Lab Test Mic 1
Lab Test Mic 2
Testing the Phrase Retrieval Accuracy Testing the Phrase Retrieval Accuracy of the Unconstrained Systemof the Unconstrained System
10 speakers10 speakers For each speaker and each of 200 phrases:For each speaker and each of 200 phrases:
record one utterance of the “constrained” phraserecord one utterance of the “constrained” phrase ask speaker to write down another way of expressing the phraseask speaker to write down another way of expressing the phrase record speaker saying this phraserecord speaker saying this phrase
Training of recogniser not possible for 10 different Training of recogniser not possible for 10 different speakersspeakers
Hence measure phrase retrieval accuracy on Hence measure phrase retrieval accuracy on texttext of of unconstrained phrases onlyunconstrained phrases only
Phrase recognition Results on Phrase recognition Results on Text of Alternative UtterancesText of Alternative Utterances
Name Correct Wrong Correct meaning (but wrong phrase selected)
Money formatted incorrectly
Phrase not in system
Percentage Accuracy
Alex 150 33 10 3 4 75
Cara 162 20 14 0 4 81
Matt I 148 23 12 13 4 74
Matt II 133 57 6 - 4 66.5
Jo 141 70.5
Briony 146 73
David 146 73
Average accuracy = 73.3%
Future WorkFuture Work
Unconstrained SystemUnconstrained System Investigate use of partial string matching of word Investigate use of partial string matching of word
sequences and phoneme sequencessequences and phoneme sequences Investigate use of Latent Semantic AnalysisInvestigate use of Latent Semantic Analysis Add spoken language(s) translationAdd spoken language(s) translation
Sign recognitionSign recognition Collect dataCollect data Configure baseline systemConfigure baseline system
Exploitation and Exploitation and Dissemination HighlightsDissemination Highlights
Exploitation and DisseminationExploitation and Dissemination BBC Collaboration for BBC Collaboration for closed signing solution closed signing solution
for broadcasting DTVfor broadcasting DTV TESSA BCS IT Award & Gold Medal TESSA BCS IT Award & Gold Medal WWW Weather Forecasting in 3 European Sign WWW Weather Forecasting in 3 European Sign
LanguagesLanguages Close Involvement of Deaf PeopleClose Involvement of Deaf People
Dissemination Highlights Dissemination Highlights
November 2000: TESSA wins British Computer November 2000: TESSA wins British Computer Society Gold Medal for ITSociety Gold Medal for IT
February 2001: TESSA exhibited at Royal SocietyFebruary 2001: TESSA exhibited at Royal Society March 2001: TESSA appears on “Computer Club” March 2001: TESSA appears on “Computer Club”
(German TV)(German TV) July–September 2001: TESSA on exhibition at July–September 2001: TESSA on exhibition at
Science Museum, LondonScience Museum, London October 8th 2001: TESSA appears on “Blue Peter” October 8th 2001: TESSA appears on “Blue Peter”
(BBC TV)(BBC TV) November 2001: TESSA on show at COMDEX, Las November 2001: TESSA on show at COMDEX, Las
VegasVegas
Exploitation Highlights / Short Term Exploitation Highlights / Short Term
Bandwidth efficient closed signing Bandwidth efficient closed signing Excessive in-vision signing disliked by hearing Excessive in-vision signing disliked by hearing
peoplepeople Impacts on DTT multiplexes where bit-rate is Impacts on DTT multiplexes where bit-rate is
already at a premiumalready at a premium BBC investigation of closed signing for DTVBBC investigation of closed signing for DTV
Demonstration of Avatar-based signingDemonstration of Avatar-based signingBody suit capture technologiesBody suit capture technologies
Short Term- WWW strategyShort Term- WWW strategy
Give away basic web browserGive away basic web browser
Sell SiGML authoring tool presentedSell SiGML authoring tool presented
De factoDe facto standard standard
Exploitation Highlights Exploitation Highlights Medium to Long Term Medium to Long Term
Conversion of subtitlesConversion of subtitles high % of programmes subtitledhigh % of programmes subtitled supports wide range of deaf signing languagessupports wide range of deaf signing languages subtitles translated in set top boxsubtitles translated in set top box overcomes spectrum capacity & scheduling restrictionsovercomes spectrum capacity & scheduling restrictions
Requirements:Requirements: reliable unconstrained translator reliable unconstrained translator next generation DVB-compliant STB with in-built signing decodernext generation DVB-compliant STB with in-built signing decoder