Download - VOCABULARY ASSIGNMENT Words on pages 299 – 306 and Chapter 19 22 Words due Thursday Quiz…
VOCABULARY ASSIGNMENT
Words on pages 299 – 306 and Chapter 1922 Words due ThursdayQuiz Friday
Main Idea
What are the categories of biological classification?
TAXONOMY IS THE SCIENCE OF NAMING
AND CLASSIFYING ORGANISMS TAXA ARE THE CATEGORIES
USED
CLASSIFICATION BRINGS ORDER TO LIFE SERVES AS A BASIS FOR
CLASSIFYING UNFAMILIAR ORGANISMS
PROVIDES A MEANS FOR NAMING ORGANISMS (COMMON NAMES CAN BE CONFUSING)
CAROLUS LINNAEUS INTRODUCED BINOMIAL
NOMENCLATUREGENUS – (NOUN) THESE ORGANISMS SHARE IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS
SPECIES – (ADJECTIVE) IDENTIFIES ONE PARTICULAR KIND OF ORGANISM WITHIN THE GENUS
GENUS AND SPECIESTHE SCIENTIFIC NAMETHE GENUS IS ALWAYS
CAPITALIZEDTHE SPECIES IS ALWAYS
LOWER CASEBOTH ARE ALWAYS
UNDERLINED OR ITALICIZED
EXAMPLESHomo sapiens
Felis leo
WHAT IS A SPECIES?A BIOLOGICAL SPECIES IS A
GROUP OF NATURALLY OCCURRING POPULATIONS THAT CAN INTERBREED AND ARE REPRODUCTIVELY ISOLATED FROM OTHER GROUPS
EXCEPTIONS HYBRIDS ARE OFFSPRING FROM
DIFFERENT SPECIES THAT CAN INTERBREED
A DOG CAN BREED WITH A WOLF AND PRODUCE A DOG-WOLF HYBRID
IN ORDER TO INTERBREED THE TWO SPECIES MUST BE VERY CLOSELY RELATED
THE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM DOMAIN KINGDOM PHYLUM CLASS ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES
DOMAINS ARCHAEA – CONTAINS THE
KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA (ANCIENT BACTERIA)BACTERIA – CONTAINS THE KINGDOM EUBACTERIA (TRUE BACTERIA) EUKARYA – CONTAINS THE PROTISTA, FUNGI, PLANTAE AND ANIMALIA KINGDOMS
DOMAIN ARCHAEACELL WALL MADE OF LIPIDS IDENTIFIED USING
COMMON DNA SEQUENCES.LIVE IN A VARIETY OF
ENVIRONMENTSCONTAINS THE KINGDOM
ARCHAEBACTERIA
CONTAINS THE OLDEST AND MOST ABUNDANT LIFE FORMS
CONTAINS THE KINGDOM EUBACTERIA
DOMAIN BACTERIA
DOMAIN EUKARYA
EUKARYOTIC CELLSSEXUAL REPRODUCTION
MULTICELLULARITY CAN EXIST
MULTICELLULARITYCOLONIAL - CELLS PERMANENTLY ASSOCIATED BUT DO NOT COMMUNICATE
AGGREGATIONS - TEMPORARY COLLECTION OF CELLS THAT COME TOGETHER FOR A PERIOD OF TIME AND SEPARATE
TRUE MULTICELLULARITYCOMPOSED OF MANY CELLS
THAT ARE PERMANENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH ONE ANOTHER
SHOWS DIFFERENTIATION BY DEVELOPING SPECIALIZED FORMS AND FUNCTIONS
COMPLEX MULTICELLULARITYCELLSTISSUESORGANSORGAN SYSTEMS
KINGDOMARCHAEBACTERIA PROKARYOTIC CELL WALL NOT MADE OF
PEPTIDOGLYCAN UNICELLULAR AUTOTROPHIC AND
HETEROTROPHIC EXAMPLE : METHANE
PRODUCING BACTERIA
TYPES OF ARCHAEBACTERIAMETHANOGENSOBTAIN ENERGY BY
COMBINING H2 AND CO2 TO PRODUCE METHANE GAS
LIVED DEEP IN MUD SWAMPSPOISONED BY O2
THERMOPHILES LIVE IN HOT PLACES
HALOPHILES LIVE IN SALTY LAKES
ANOTHER TYPE IS FOUND IN HIGH PRESSURE, HIGH ACIDIC ENVIRONMENTS
EXTREMOPHILES
NONEXTREME ARCHAEBACTERIA
GROW IN THE SAME ENVIRONMENTS THAT BACTERIA DO
EUBACTERIA PROKARYOTIC CELLS
– SINGLE CELLED– NO NUCLEUS– NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES– CELL WALL: PEPTIDOGLYCAN
CAN BE CHEMOSYNTHETIC, PHOTOSYNTHETIC OR HETEROTROPHIC (DECOMPOSERS)
EXAMPLES: – BLUE GREEN ALGAE AND BACTERIA
KINGDOM PROTISTAEUKARYOTIC CELLS
– USUALLY UNICELLULAR– AUTOTROPHIC OR
HETEROTROPHICEXAMPLES
– AMEBA– PARAMECIUM
KINGDOM FUNGI COMPOSED OF THREADLIKE
FILAMENTS CALLED HYPHAE UNICELLULAR & MULTICELLULAR CELL WALL : CHITIN HETEROTROPHIC
– ABSORBS FOOD EXAMPLES
– MUSHROOM– YEAST
KINGDOM PLANTAEMOST HAVE VASCULAR TISSUE TO
TRANSPORT WATER AND MINERALS
AUTOTROPHIC ATTACHED CELL WALL: CELLULOSE FORM THE BASE OF THE FOOD WEB
KINGDOM ANIMALIAEUKARYOTICMULTICELLULARHETEROTROPHIC
– INGESTS FOOD