Vocabulary
• Bos taurus- domestic cattle originating from either the Aurochs or the Celtic Shorthorn
• Bos indicus-- humped cattle originating in tropical countries
• Crossbreeding- the interbreeding of two or more different breeds of the same species of animal
• Double muscling- an abnormal condition in some beef animals where muscle cells multiply or increase out of proportion to normal cells
• Dual-purpose breed- cattle that are bred for both meat and milk production
Vocabulary
• Horned- cattle that have horns carry the horned trait as a homozygous recessive condition
• Hybrid vigor- increased growth rate often noted in cattle resulting from first-cross mating
• Longevity- length of productive life• Polled-Naturally hornless• Progeny- the offspring or young of animals• Commercial cow/calf producer- producer of beef cattle
primarily concerned w/ pounds of beef produced
Vocabulary
• Purebred breeder- producer of beef herd sires or replacement heifers to be used by commercial cow/calf or other purebred breeders
• Progeny testing- the testing of the offspring of individuals for various growth and carcass traits
Vocabulary
• Bull- mature male cattle of breeding age• Heifer- immature female cow• Calf- baby cow• Steer- castrated male• Cow- mature female cattle of breeding age• Bullock- male castrated after reaching
sexual maturity
11/19 1st per.11/19 6th per.
Angus
• Originated in Northeast Scotland.• Polled and moderate in size• Solid red or black• Only breed solely for beef • Reputation for early maturity
Angus
Hereford
Hereford
• Originated in Hereford England• Red with white markings• White face and white on the underline,
flank,chest,switch,and below the knees• High yield of beef • Thick coat of hair
Polled Hereford
Polled Hereford
• Originated in Iowa• Red with white markings: White face, white
on the underline, flanks, crest, switch, breast, and below the knees.
• Adequate in size• Ability to adapt and dependable for
reproduction
Red Angus
Red Angus
• Originated in Scotland• Evolved from Black Angus• Known for beef producing characteristics• Ease in calving• Good milking ability
Shorthorn
Shorthorn
• Originated in Durham, Northumberland• They may be red or white, or both• Good milking ability• Excellent growth and carcass traits
Beefmaster
Beefmaster
• Originated in Falfurias, Texas in 1908• Red is the dominant color, but color is
variable and disregarded• Known for weight, conformation, milking
ability, fertility, hardness, and disposition• Majority are horned• Good milk producers w/heavy weaning
weights
Brahman
Brahman
• Originated in India• Gray or red is preferred, but there are
brown, black, white, and spotted• Have a hump and long ears• Are known for heat tolerance, withstanding
low temperatures, disease and insect resistance, resistance to bloating, good crossbreeding, and intelligence
Brangus
Brangus
• Originated in Oklahoma• 3/8 Brahman + 5/8 Angus cross • Polled and black in color• Slight crest over neck and smooth, sleek
coat• Feeder cattle yield thick, high cutting
carcasses
1st per. 11/206th per. 11/20
Santa Gertrudis
Santa Gertrudis
• Originated in Texas• Named after Spanish land grant of Santa
Gertudis• 5/8 Shorthorn & 3/8 Brahman• Can be red or cherry red• Generally horned, but they’re polled strains• Hair is short, straight and slick
Simbrah
Simbrah
• Originated in the U.S., mostly Texas• Purebred consists of 5/8 Simmental and 3/8
Brahman• Can be red, straw, or gray in color w/white
intermixed• Known for fertility, hardiness, adaptability,
rapid growth, heat tolerance, and longevity
Watusi
Watusi
• Originated in Africa• Comes in all colors• Resistant to drought, direct sunlight, and
heat• Digestive system can utilize poor quality
and limited quantities of food and water
Charolais
Charolais• Originated in Charolais, France• Characteristics:
– Light tan at birth– Change to a creamy white – Horned and have pink skin and mucous
membranes• Noted for large size,growth thrust and bred-
in meat
Chianina
Chianina
• Originated in the Chianina Valley, Tuscany Province in central Italy
• Characteristics:– Porcelain white hair– Black switch– Dark skin– Horns and a narrow head
• Largest breed of cattle in the world and known for trimness of middle and fineness of head
Gelbvieh
Gelbvieh
• Originated in Bavaria• Characteristics:
– Solid golden red to rust in color– Horned– Large, long-bodied, well-muscled and have
high-quality carcasses• Known for excellence in growth, muscling,
and marketability
Limousin
Limousin• Originated in southwestern France• Characteristics:
– Wheat to rust color– Lower in fat,cholesterol,and calories that
average choice beef• Known for aggressiveness and fertile sires
that produce calves with genetic ability to grow quickly and efficiently
1st per. 11/21
Maine-Anjou
Maine-Anjou
• Originated in French province of Maine and Anjou• Characteristics:
– Dark red w/ white underline, often w/ small white patches,dark roans are found
• Known for calving ease, high fertility performance, feed efficiency, carcass quality, udder quality, early maturity & good disposition
Salers
Salers
• Originated in south-central mountainous area of France
• Characteristics:– Solid deep cherry red, w/ white switch and sometimes
white spots under the belly– Oldest and most genetically pure of all European
breeds
• Known for calving ease, maternal efficiency and carcass merit
6th per. 11/21
Simmental
Simmental
• Originated in the Simme Valley of western Switzerland
• Characteristics:– Red and white spotted– Dominant white face
• Efficient producers of quality beef and adapt easily to severe weather conditions
Beefalo
Beefalo
• Originated in California• 3/8 buffalo and 5/8 domestic cattle• Breed medium in size and can be assorted
colors• Meat is higher in protein and lower in fat
than domestic beef• Females have a production life of about
twice that of domestic female cattle
Belted Galloway
Belted Galloway
• Originated in Scotland • Black with a brownish tinge or dun with a white
belt completely encircling the body between the shoulders and hooks
• Breed produces high-quality meat, calves easily• has a regular breeding cycle and breeds back
easily and quickly• Heavy coat of hair
Braford
Braford
• Originated in Florida• Red or brindle, with white markings on the
head and pigmentation around the eyes• Horned and polled strains• Short haired, heat tolerant, fertile and good
milk producers• Have only a slight hump
Charbray
Charbray
• Originated in Texas• ¾ Charolais 1/4 Brahman to 7/8 Charolais
and 1/8 Brahman• Light tan at birth, usually changes to a
creamy white in a few weeks• Known for easy calving, structural
soundness, climatic adaptability, high rate of gain, quality lean beef
Corriente
Corriente
• Originated in Mexico• Any color is acceptable except pure white• Known as sports cattle with high fertility rates,
early maturity, trouble-free calving and foraging efficiency
• Small, athletic animals with high stamina• Have heavy horns and a gentle disposition• Used for team roping, bull dogging, team penning
and cutting
Romagnola
Romagnola
• Originated in Italy• Are solid off-white to light gray• Bulls usually have a darker color of hair about the
shoulders with black around the eyes and a black switch
• Tongue, muzzle, body orifices, tail and hooves are black
• Head appears to be short and horns are longer and sharper than in the other white breeds
• In Italy , it is used for both milk and meat