MACAO, 26 NOVEMBER 2012 - 1GOVERNMENT INFORMATION SHARING FRAMEWORK
MACAO, 26 NOVEMBER 2012 - 2GOVERNMENT INFORMATION SHARING FRAMEWORK
Government Information
Sharing Framework
Elsa Estevez
MACAO, 26 NOVEMBER 2012 - 3GOVERNMENT INFORMATION SHARING FRAMEWORK
AIM
To introduce the various dimensions of Government Information Sharing (GIS), to describe what
capabilities are required for sharing government information
OVERVIEW
1 FRAMEWORK What are the practical dimensions for GIS?
AIM AND OVERVIEW
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GOVERNMENT INFORMATION SHARING
FRAMEWORK - GISF
GISF comprises two views
1 GISF Abstract View
2 GISF Detailed View
ABSTRACT VIEW DETAILED VIEW
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GISF ABSTRACT VIEW
TWO DIMENSIONS:
VERTICAL - AREAS HORIZONTAL – MATURITY STAGES
1 TECHNOLOGICAL 1 EXPERIENCE-SHARING
2 ORGANIZATIONAL 2 INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT
3 INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL 3 INFORMATION STRAEGY
4 ENVIRONMENTAL
At the intersection of both perspectives (areas and stages), we have the relevant IS concepts.
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GISF ABSTRACT VIEW -
AREAS
VERTICAL DIMENSION - AREAS
TECHNOLOGICAL ICT-related concepts supporting or affecting IS
ORGANIZATIONAL organizational elements supporting or relevant to IS
INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL IS-related concepts concerning various organizations
ENVIRONMENTAL environment affecting government IS, usually addressed at the political level
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GISF ABSTRACT VIEW -
MATURITY STAGES
HORIZONTAL DIMENSION – MATURITY STAGES
SHARING EXPERIENCEthe concepts that should be considered in early stages of government IS,
serving to lay the foundations for government IS
INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT
concepts referring to the shared components accessible to the whole
public administration, like infrastructure components, IS facilitation and
promotion, etc.
INFORMATION STRATEGY concepts defining the information sharing environment
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GISF DETAILED VIEW
The GISF Detailed View identifies the concepts within IS dimensions and maturity stages.
The model is divided in four packages: one for each maturity stage (horizontal axis), and
a global Information Sharing in Government package containing the areas (vertical axis).
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SHARING EXPERIENCE PACKAGE
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SHARING EXPERIENCE PACKAGE
This package includes the concepts that should be considered in early stages of IS,
constituting the foundations for IS.
Some concepts, particularly Scope, Principle and Lifecycle are connected to the general
Information Sharing concept, as they serve general purposes and cannot be analyzed
from the IS dimension perspective
The other concepts in this package, particularly
Benefit, Barrier and Risk are related to the
Dimension concept, providing a basis for the
classification.
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PRINCIPLE EXAMPLES
TWO PRINCIPLES FROM SHARON’S MODEL:
STEWARDSHIP a conservative principle ensuring that:
o government agencies work to protect the accuracy and integrity of information
they collect and disseminate, and
o promote the fiduciary responsibility of all government agencies in managing
information
Focuses on the co-responsibility of the shared information
USEFULNESS an expansive principle that focuses on the value of information as a public asset
Focuses on the added-value obtained from the shared information
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DATA COMPONENT
DATA COMPONENT data representing a physical or abstract concept from the real world.
EXAMPLE - [http://data.gov.uk/data]
PUBLISHERS EXAMPLES:
o Office for National Statistics (848)
o British Geological Survey (364)
o Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (323)
o Welsh Government (241)
o Department of Health (239)
o Home Office (235)
o Dep. for Children, Schools and Families (227)
o …
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INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PACKAGE
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INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT PACKAGE
MAIN CONCEPT IN THE PACKAGE ARE:
COMPONENT an element that can be present in an infrastructure supporting GIS initiatives
BEST PRACTICE a technique, methodology, practice, procedure or other element that through
experience or research has been proven to reliably lead to good IS results.
Components can be further
classified following IS dimensions,
with Best Practices
orthogonal to all of them.
Although best practices could be
relevant, their transfer requires
customization to local conditions.
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TECHNICAL COMPONENTS
TECHNICAL COMPONENT a solution to facilitate an ICT-related GIS problem.
Two technical components include:
STANDARD adopted conventions, protocols and rules necessary for infrastructure or software
interoperability
ASPECT cross-cutting technical concerns relevant to standards
STANDARDS – aggregated in 6 layers ASPECT
1) Hardware Security
2) Network Quality
3) Data Exchange Authentication
4) Data Semantics
5) Service
6) Business Area
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ORGANIZATIONAL COMPONENTS
ORGANIZATIONAL
COMPONENT
an element supporting organizational aspects of GIS initiatives.
Two organizational components include:
BUSINESS
PROCESS
comprises a set of coordinated tasks and activities executed by persons and software that
enables the accomplishment of IS-related goals.
LEADERSHIP a functional role enforcing the organizational, process and cultural changes necessary for
GIS.
BUSINESS PROCESS - EXAMPLE LEADERSHIP - EXAMPLE
One of the pillars of the interoperability approach
adopted by the Government of Australia addresses
the harmonization of common business processes
for service delivery
In USA the role is fulfilled by CIOs.
The Clinger-Cohen Act created the Federal CIO
position within the Office of Management and
Budget (OMB) reporting directly to the OMB
Director, as well as CIO positions for each national
agency.
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INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL COMPONENTS
INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL
COMPONENT
an element used for creating, supporting or maintaining relationships
between organizations
Five inter-organizational components include:
AGREEMENT an arrangement between organizations regarding a course of action related to GIS
PARTNERSHIP a formalized agreement between public and non-public organizations specifying
collaboration rules and precisely defining the roles and responsibilities of parties
NEGOTIATION a process by which organizations involved in a specific issue resolve matters of dispute
by holding discussions and making commitments which are formalized in agreements
CONTRACT a document formalizing an agreement between parties
TRUST the confidence required by the parties for effectively sharing information
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ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL
COMPONENT
a component that exists or should be developed in the environment to facilitate,
enforce or enable GIS initiatives.
Two environmental components include:
CAPABILITY the capacity for executing IS initiatives in collaboration with others
COORDINATION the act of ensuring harmonious functioning of parties for obtaining
the most effective results related to IS
COLLABORATION the act of working jointly with others
FUNDING the mechanisms for ensuring financial resources for executing IS
projects
LEGAL
INSTRUMENT
a formalized agreement between public and non-public organizations specifying
collaboration rules and precisely defining the roles and responsibilities of parties
LAW body of rules and principles that govern IS in government,
enforced by a political authority
REGULATION an official rule to control the behavior of those to whom it applies
AGENCY DIRECTIVE an order or instruction given by a government agency
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INFORMATION STRATEGY PACKAGE
This package contains Initiatives to enable IS among government agencies
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TECHNICAL INITIATIVE
TECHNICAL INITIATIVE any project delivering an ICT-related resource to support GIS
Three technical initiatives include:
REPOSITORY a collection of electronic resources with services provided for adding new resources
and for discovering and retrieving existing ones.
BLOG a specialized website that enables information exchange and sharing, as well as
opinion-making on specific topics of interest to various government stakeholders
NEWSLETTER an online medium for disseminating information, such as agency experiences with IS
initiatives
[http://www.newsroom.gov.bc.ca/ene
wsletters.html]
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ORGANIZATIONAL INITIATIVE
ORGANIZATIONAL
COMPONENT
an GIS-related project that affects the organizational structure, functions,
processes or responsibilities of a functional area
Three organizational initiatives include:
FUNCTION a project assigning responsibility for information management within agencies.
CAPACITY-
BUILDING
a project aiming at building human and institutional capacity to ensure that the
responsibility for information management is performed effectively
CAPABILITY
MATURITY
MODEL
A project specifying or assessing the maturity of GIS capabilities
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INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL INITIATIVE
INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL
INITIATIVE
any project affecting collaboration between or producing deliverables used by
government units
Six inter-organizational initiatives include:
GOVERNANCE the system for managing and leading GIS initiatives
WORKING
GROUPS
expert groups responsible for GIS-related issues, such as standards, metadata and other
resources adopted by agencies
STEWARD persons responsible for managing and coordinating IS initiatives across government
ADOPTION
PROCEDURE
procedures promoting government-wide the adoption of GIS practices
UPDATE
PROCEDURE
procedures for keeping standards and practices up-to-date with innovations introduced
by new technologies
COMMUNITY
OF PRACTICE
groups of experts that share interests in GIS initiatives.
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ENVIRONMENTAL INITIATIVES
ENVIRONMENTAL
INITIATIVES
to any project introducing a new IS or IS-supporting practice
Two environmental initiatives include:
INFORMATION
STRATEGY
a plan for implementing IS or information-related policies.
STAKEHOLDER
ENGAGEMENT
a process that identifies and involves stakeholders, e.g. through a consultation process,
in providing feedback about IS-related government policies
[http://www.dh.gov.uk/health/2012/05/information-strategy/]
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CONCLUSIONS
A GIS Framework has been presented.
GIS Framework includes:
ABSTRACT VIEW DETAILED VIEW
DIMENSIONS Technological
Organizational
Inter-organizational
Environmental
STAGE 1 Scope, Principle, Lifecycle, Unit,
Data Component
Risk, Benefits, Barrier (dimensions)
STAGE 2 Best Practices
Components (dimensions)MATURIY
STAGES
Experience Sharing
Infrastructure Support
Information Strategy
STAGE 3 Initiatives (dimensions)
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Many thanks!
Elsa Estevez