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Water BiomesWater Biomes
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WatershedsWatersheds
An area of land that drains rainfall and snowmelt into a particular body of water.
Pennsylvania is host to 83,184 miles of streams and rivers.
The terrain determines the shape of the watershed.
The area that separates watersheds is called a divide.
An area of land that drains rainfall and snowmelt into a particular body of water.
Pennsylvania is host to 83,184 miles of streams and rivers.
The terrain determines the shape of the watershed.
The area that separates watersheds is called a divide.
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Pennsylvania’s Watersheds
Pennsylvania’s Watersheds
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Delaware River Watershed
Delaware River Watershed
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Lackawaxen WatershedLackawaxen Watershed
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Where does the water come from?
Where does the water come from?
The Water cycle keeps the watershed full.
Groundwater-stored until it comes out in springs
Surface water-water above ground
The Water cycle keeps the watershed full.
Groundwater-stored until it comes out in springs
Surface water-water above ground
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Where is the best quality water?
Where is the best quality water?
A forested watershed has the best water!Why?1. Water flows from the soil. 2. Soil is very porous and acts as a filter.3. Soft forest floor cushions falling rain so soil doesn’t erode into streams.
80% of PA drinking water is from forested watersheds
A forested watershed has the best water!Why?1. Water flows from the soil. 2. Soil is very porous and acts as a filter.3. Soft forest floor cushions falling rain so soil doesn’t erode into streams.
80% of PA drinking water is from forested watersheds
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Freshwater systemsFreshwater systemsLentic systems--- Lakes and ponds
1. Still or almost still water
2. Organisms require less oxygen 3. Warmer temperatures
4. Eutrophication can occur as the nutrients build up in the lake over time.
Lentic systems--- Lakes and ponds
1. Still or almost still water
2. Organisms require less oxygen 3. Warmer temperatures
4. Eutrophication can occur as the nutrients build up in the lake over time.
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Eutrophication/Algal Bloom
Eutrophication/Algal Bloom
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Types of LakesTypes of Lakes
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Lotic systems--- Streams and rivers
1. Flowing water
2. Organisms need more oxygen
3. Colder Temperatures
4. Organisms have adaptations to help them withstand the constant movement of water
Lotic systems--- Streams and rivers
1. Flowing water
2. Organisms need more oxygen
3. Colder Temperatures
4. Organisms have adaptations to help them withstand the constant movement of water
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River/Stream Ecosystems
River/Stream Ecosystems
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WetlandsWetlands
A land area that is covered with a shallow layer of water during some, or all, of the year.
3 types of wetlands1. Marshes - grassy areas covered by shallow water or a stream2. Swamps - flooded forests, with trees and shrubs sprouting from the water3. Bogs - common in cooler northern areas, tends to be acidic, and mosses thrive
A land area that is covered with a shallow layer of water during some, or all, of the year.
3 types of wetlands1. Marshes - grassy areas covered by shallow water or a stream2. Swamps - flooded forests, with trees and shrubs sprouting from the water3. Bogs - common in cooler northern areas, tends to be acidic, and mosses thrive
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Types of freshwater wetlands
Types of freshwater wetlands
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Importance of WetlandsImportance of Wetlands
1. Provide rich habitat for many living things.
2. Filter pollutants from waters.
3. Control floods by absorbing extra runoff from heavy rains.
1. Provide rich habitat for many living things.
2. Filter pollutants from waters.
3. Control floods by absorbing extra runoff from heavy rains.
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Marine BiomesMarine Biomes
1. Estuary
2. Intertidal
3. Neritic Zone
4. Open Oceana. Surface Zoneb. Deep Zone
1. Estuary
2. Intertidal
3. Neritic Zone
4. Open Oceana. Surface Zoneb. Deep Zone