1
1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
WEEN-2019
ABSTRACT BOOK
WATER, ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT NEXUS ORGANIZED BY GLOBAL NETWORK FOR RESEARCHERS (GNR)
(www.gnrwebs.org)
SEPTEMBER 5-8, 2019
HOTEL DOUBLE TREE BY HILTON,
TOPKAPI, ISTANBUL, TURKEY
WEEN-2019
WEEN
2019
General Information
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ORGANIZED BY
GLOBAL NETWORK FOR RESEARCHERS (GNR)
Conference Venue
Hotel Double Tree by Hilton
Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey
Language
The official conference language is English.
Registration Hours
Thursday, September 05 4:00 PM – 7:00 PM
Email: [email protected]
General information
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Program
The technical program includes invited plenary and keynote lectures, oral sessions and
poster presentations.
Oral Presentations
Oral presentations are scheduled for 15 minutes of presentation and 5 minutes of Q&A.
All presentations should be in PowerPoint or PDF formats. A laptop and LCD projector will
be available in all sessions. Each presenter is requested to bring the presentation in a USB
storage device and upload it to the laptop before the session begins. All presentations will
be destroyed at the end of the session.
We urge all presenters to use the provided laptop for presentation so as to minimize
changeover times.
Since we have a very tight and fully packed program, we request all the delegates to be
punctual and respect the allocated timeslots.
In case of absence of some presenter, next presenter shall be called for presentation.
Poster Session
The dimensions of the poster board will be 594 mm (Width) x 841 mm (Height) (or
equivalently 23.3 in (W) x 35 in (H)). This corresponds to A1 size in portrait layout. Posters
are to be put up according to the assigned Paper IDs.
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Road Map of Conference Venue
Istanbul Airport
to Venue
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HONORARAY CHAIRS (WEEN SERIES)
Prof. Dr. Jiri Jaromir KLEMES
2018 Highly Cite Researcher
Co-Editor in Chief
Journal of Cleaner Production (Impact Factor: 6.395)
Subject Editor Energy
(Impact Factor: 5.537)
Head of Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory (SPIL),
NETME CENTRE
Brno University of Technology Czech Republic
Prof. Dr. Ashok Pandey
2018 Highest Cited Researcher (Top 1% among 4000 in the World)
Editor-in-Chief Bioresource Technology (Impact Factor: 6.669)
Distinguished Scientist
CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, India
Executive Director (Honorary)
Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, India
WEEN SERIES CHAIRS
Dr. Muhammad
Aslam
Dr. Aqeel Ahmed
Bazmi
Dr. Inamullah Bhatti
WEEN Chairs
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CHAIRS OF WEEN-2019
Asst. Prof. Dr. Abdulaziz
Atabani
Erciyes University Turkey
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jeonghwan
Kim
Inha University South Korea
WEEN SERIES CO-CHAIRS
Dr. Muhammad
Yasin
Dr. Asim Laeeq Khan
Dr. Gopalakrishnan Kumar
Dr. Syed Awais Ali
Shah Bokhari
WEEN Chairs
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2019
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WEEN-2019 intends to recommend the selected papers to the Special Issues of ISI-indexed and Impact Factor Journals depending on the quality and suitability to the journal's scope.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research(Springer)
Impact Factor: 2.914
International Biodeterioration &
Biodegradation(Elsevier)
Impact Factor: 3.824
Applied Sciences
(MDPI) Impact Factor: 2.217
Biotechnology Report
(Elsevier) Cite Score: 4.57
Partner Journals & Special Issues
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Prof. Dr. Zainuddin Abdul Manan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
Prof. Dr. Jiri Jaromir KLEMES, DSC Brno University of Technology - VUT Brno, Czech Republic
Prof. Dr. Ashok Pandey Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, India
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jeonghwan Kim Inha University, Republic of Korea (South)
Plenary Speakers
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Prof. Dr. Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
Asst. Prof. Dr. Saira Asif PMAS-ARID Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gopalakrishnan Kumar University of Stanvanger, Norway
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
Invited/Keynote Speakers
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Assoc. Prof. Dr. Suresh Kumar Nagarajan Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Asst. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Asst. Prof. Dr. Syed Awais Ali Shah Bokhari
COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Invited/Keynote Speakers
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Thursday, September 5th
Friday, September 6th
16:00 – 19:00 Registration
16:00 – 17:00 Scientific committee advisory meeting
17:00-18:00 Editorial meeting for special issues
08:30 – 09:30 Registration
09:30 – 10:00 Inauguration/ Opening Ceremony
09:35 Welcome Address by Conference Series Chair
09:40 Address of Guest of honour
09:50 Address of Chief Guest
10:00 Vote of Thanks by WEEN Chair-2019
10:20 – 10:55 Coffee/Tea Break
Detailed Program
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Plenary Session
Venue: Conference Hall-A
10:55 – 11:25 Driving industrial implementation of process integration for sustainable development Prof. Dr. Zainuddin Abdul Manan
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
11:25 – 11:55 In persuit to hybrid anaerobic membrane biotechnology for wastewater reuse and energy recovery Prof. Dr. Jeonghwan Kim
Inha University, Republic of Korea (South)
11:55 – 12:25 Water, energy and environment nexus in circular economy Prof. Dr. Jiri Jaromir KLEMES
Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
12:25 – 12:55 Prospects of renewable energy from agri-biomass: Global energy demand vs sustainability Prof. Dr. Ashok Pandey
CSIR - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, India
13:00 – 14:30
Lunch Break
Technical Session I: Water/Wastewater
Venue: Conference Hall-A
Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Jeonghwan Kim Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Gopalakrishnan Kumar
Technical Session II: Environment
Venue: Conference Hall-B
Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Jiri Jaromir KLEMES Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb
14:30 – 15:00 Keynote Talk: Anaerobic membrane biotechnology for bioenergy and resources recovery from wastewater: Current status, opportunities and perspectives
Dr. Muhammad Aslam
COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Keynote Talk: Industrial symbiosis via process integration
Prof. Dr. Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
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15:00 – 15:20 154: Synthesis of immobilized FeTAML oxidation catalyst for orange (II) dye removal in wastewater treatment
Nabilah Ismail Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia
173: High performance catalytic sheet filter of V2O5-WO3/TiO2 supported-SiC for NOx reduction
Joo-Hong Choi
Gyeongsan National University, Republic of Korea (South)
15:20 – 15:40 184: Grey water reclamation through recycled RO membranes
Jawwad Ahmed
National University of Science and Technology, Pakistan
122: Synthesis of anion exchange material from waste blast furnace slag and its application to adsorbent for harmful anion
Teruhisa Hongo Saitama Institute of Technology, Japan
15:40 – 16:00 132: Water Planning Framework for Alfalfa Fields using Treated Wastewater in Qatar : A Water-Energy-Environment Nexus Approach
Fatima-Zahra Lahlou Hammad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar
102: Environmental impact assessment of a nitrogenous fertilizer (CAN 27%N) produced in Algeria
Ali Makhlouf
Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi Ouzou, Algeria
16:00 – 16:30
Tea/Coffee Break (Networking + Poster Presentation)
Technical Session III: Energy/Alternative fuels
Venue: Conference Hall-A
Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Zainuddin Abdul Manan Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Inam Ullah Bhatti
Technical Session IV: Environment
Venue: Conference Hall-B
Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Joo-Hong Choi
16:30 – 17:00 Keynote Talk: Biomass to fuels and bioproducts: Trends and views for future biorefinery utopia
Prof. Dr. Gopalakrishnan Kumar
University of Stanvanger, Norway
Keynote Talk: Biomass to Biofuels: Oman's perspective
Prof. Dr. Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb
Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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17:00 – 17:20 114: Comparison of building performance between a conventional house and a High Energy Performance house
Amel Limam CNERIB, Algeria
142: Lavandula stoechas essential oil from Algeria: Aromatic profile determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and biological activities
Lynda Lamoudi University of Science & Technol., Houari Boumediene,
Algeria
17:20 – 17:40 181: Hydrogen production potential from the paper and pulp industries wastewater in India
Saroj Sundar Baral BITS Pilani K K Goa Campus, India
149: Recyclable household waste in Annaba City, Algeria
Hamza Cheniti ENSMM Annaba, Algeria
17:40 – 18:00 160: Waste to energy: Biodiesel production from Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium) seed as a novel waste feedstock
Seyed Salar Hoseini Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
180: Contribution of calcined natural Pozzolana to sustainability of high performance concretes
Talah Aissa University of Science and Technology, Algiers, Algeria
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Saturday, September 7th
Technical Session V: Environment
Venue: Conference Hall-A
Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Inam Ullah Bhatti
Technical Session VI: Water/Wastewater
Venue: Conference Hall-B Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Jeonghwan Kim Co-Chair: Dr. Aisha Bello-Dambatta
9:00 – 9:30 Keynote Talk: Benzene exposure among tanker workers during unloading of petrol at gas stations
Prof. Dr. Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Keynote Talk (185): Mathematical modelling of simultaneous water and energy considering water management hierarchy options for batch Processes
Prof. Dr. Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
9:30 – 9:50 111: Analysis of flooding risk in the urban environment: Case study of Algiers city
Boualem El Kechebour University of Science & Technol., Houari Boumediene, Algeria
170: Effectiveness analysis of the development upstream land use : Case study of cibanten watershed
Siti Murniningsih University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
9:50 – 10:10 148: Thermal treatment of alum sludge for wastewater Cr (VI) removal
Zineb Salem University of Science & Technol., Houari Boumediene, Algeria
186: Bio-hythane and bio-methane production from dairy wastewaters: A study to understand the role of operational constraints on their energetic and environmental footprint
Roberto Ramírez-Díaz National University of Colombia, Colombia
10:10-10:30 169: Elaboration of thin layers of copper oxide semiconductor: application in the environment
Soraya Bouachma
CRTSE, Algeria
179: Degradation and biodegradability enhancement of tannery waste effluent using hybrid hydrodynamic cavitation processes
Virendra Kumar Saharan Malavia National Institute of Jaipur, India
10:30-11:00 Tea/Coffee Break (Networking + Poster Presentation)
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Technical Session VII: Energy
Venue: Conference Hall-A Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Aqeel Ahmed Bazmi Co-Chair: Asst. Dr. Muhammad Aslam
Technical Session VIII: Water-Energy
Venue: Conference Hall-B Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Inam Ullah Bhatti Co-Chair : Asst. Prof. Dr. Saira Asif
11:00 -11:30 Keynote Talk: Optimization on pretreatment of rubber seed (Hevea brasiliensis) oil via esterification reaction in a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor
Dr. Syed Awais Ali Shah Bokhari COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Keynote Talk: Methyl ester synthesis of Pistacia khinjuk seed oil by ultrasonic-assisted cavitation system
Dr. Saira Asif PMAS-ARID Agriculture University, Pakistan
11:30 – 11:50 183: Effect of dust and shade on the performance of solar PV systems
Adnan Shariah
Jordan
137: Determination of optimal discharge system for dense wastewater from an environmental perspective through modeling
Iman Moshiri-Tabrizi University of Tehran, Iran
11:50 – 12:10 165: The influence of UV irradiance on the short-circuit current for monocrystalline and polycrystalline: Case of a semi-arid region
Fatima-Ezzahra Dahr IRESEN, Morocco
188: Assessment and simulation of biogas generation and emissions: Case study of Bizerte landfil
Sana Abid
ENIS, Tunisia
12:10 – 12:30 187: Environmental sustainability assessment of a two-stage continuous process for the synthesis of hydrogen and electricity from renewable resources
Roberto Ramírez-Díaz National University of Colombia, Colombia
108: Evaluation of the quality of groundwater in the zone of the irrigated Perimeter Guelma-Bouchegouf (Northeast of Algeria)
Benhamza Moussa University of Annaba, Algeria
12:30 – 12:50 182: Water-energy nexus: Efficiencies and sustainability in demand management
Aisha Bello-Dambatta Bangor University, U.K
213: Biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose -nanofibrous membrane based hybrid tubes for water filtration
Muhammad Awais Naeem Jiangnan University, China
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13:00 – 14:30 Lunch Break
Technical Session IX: Water-Energ-Environment
Venue: Conference Hall-A Session Chair: Prof. M. P Gopinath Co-Chair : Prof. Dr. Virendra Kumar Saharan
Symposium: Big Data to Improve Global Water
Venue: Conference Hall-B
Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Suresh Kumar Nagarajan Co-Chair: Prof. Dr. Mohanasundaram. R
14:30 – 15:00 Keynote Talk: Monitoring inland water quality using sensors
Dr. Suresh Kumar Nagarajan VIT University, India
Video Conference Presentations
15:00 – 15:20 220: Role of data science in resource management
M. P. Gopinath VIT University, India
15:20 – 15:40 214: A pilot-scale study to investigate the effects of biochar on poultry litter composting
Md. Muktadirul Bari Chowdhury Hajee Mohammad Danesh Sci. and Tech. Univ. Bangladesh
15:40 – 16:00 164: Benchmark of cloudless sky detection algorithms using pyranometric measurements of global horizontal irradiance
Omaima El Alani IRESEN, Morocco
16:00-16:20 152: Degradation of sulfaquinoxaline by UV/Na2S2O8 and UV/Na2S2O8/Fe(II): Effectiveness and toxicological evaluation
Lilya Boudriche CRAPC Research Center, Algeria
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16:30 – 17:00 Tea/Coffee Break (Networking + Poster Presentation)
17:00 – 17:30 Working sessions closing remarks
20:30-22:00 Gala Dinner/musical night
Sunday, September 8th
09:30 – 04:30 Recreational City Tour
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Poster Presentations
Sr. # Paper ID Presenter Country Abstract Title
1. 1 P-103 Hanane Tounsi Algeria Reduction of nitrates from the photovoltaic industry by continuous
electrocoagulation
2. P-215 Saira Asif Pakistan Assessment of biodiesel and its efficiency from Moringa Olifera L.
3. 2 P-107 Soraya Akretche-Kelfat Algeria Valorization and management of agricultural waste in the chemical fields
4. P-209 Zakir Khan United
Kingdom
Rheological improvement in performance of low rank coal water slurries
using novel cost effective additives
5. P-216 Awais Bokhari Pakistan A review on biodiesel production from Xanthium sibricum Patr seed oil
6. 4 P-125 Farida Kaouah Algeria Photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disrupting compound using Xerogel
composite beads (CaAlg/ZnO) as catalyst: Effect of different parameters
7. 6 P-157 Bekhedda Kheira Algeria Structural Study of Silicon thins films doped with Cerium
8. P-172 Zufishan Shamair Attari Pakistan Ionic Liquid Braced Membranes for CO2 Capture
9. 7 P-159 Yahia Kaci Algeria Soil fertilization by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)
10. 8 P-163 Laâldja Meddour-
Boukhobza
Algeria Synthesis and characterization of Fe-Co-O spinel oxides: Application to
catalytic degradation of pollutants
11. P-211 Humaira Tabassum Pakistan Reorientation of Pakistan's energy policy: Integrated energy planning (IEP)
frameworks implementation and perspectives
12. 9 P-176 Jeyid Yacoub El
Moubarrack
Morocco Effects of saline water on soil salinity under drip irrigation without drainage system in an arid climate
13. P-171 Nitasha Habib Pakistan Environment Friendly Membranes for Effective and Efficient CO2 Capture
14. 11 P-147 Abdelkader Debab Algeria Biomaterials' potential as coagulants in wastewater treatment
15. P-202 Salman Raza Pakistan Recent developments on sewage sludge pyrolysis and its kinetics: resources
recovery, thermogravimetric platforms and innovative prospects
16. P-217 Awais Bokhari Pakistan Review on green fuel production from non edible seeds of Azadirachta
Indica.A Juss
17. 12 P-153 Mohamed Laid Boukelloul Algeria Impacts of underground mining of horizontal deposits on the soil and
subsoil environment. Case of the mines of Algeria
18. 1P-210 Muhammad Asif Pakistan Transportation energy demand and emissions forecasts for Pakistan:
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3 Towards sustainable transportation and environmental management
19. P-201 Abdul Hanan Pakistan Wastewater as a resource for bioenergy, nutrients and water reuse:
Anaerobic membrane biotechnology as a sustainable solution
20. 14 P-144 Suzana Yusup Malaysia Evaluation of equilibrium, kinetics, and mechanism properties of CO2
adsorption onto the palm kernel shell activated carbon
21. 15 P-166 Tanzila Anjum Pakistan Preparation of Antifouling Mixed Matrix Membranes comprising of
Polysulfone and porous UiO-66, Zeolite 4A and their composite (Zeolite 4A@UiO-66) for the Treatment of Drinking Water
22. P-208 Tahir Fazal Pakistan Macroalgae and coal-based biochar as sustainable bioresource reuse for
treatment of textile wastewater 23. 1
6 P-189 Muhammad Maaz Pakistan Synthesis of microalgal biochars and its effect on membrane fouling mitigation
in fluidized bed membrane bioreactor
24. 17 P-190 Asim Waseem China Treatment of car wash station wastewater using waste almond shells as a
resource with ferric chloride and wastewater recycling: Towards sustainable wastewater management
25. P-218 Awais Bokhari Pakistan A review on Ricinus communis as feedstock for biodiesel production
26. 19 P-192 Muhammad Aslam Pakistan Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR): A magnetic approach to
wastewater treatment and application platforms for environmental
sustainability
27. 20 P-193 Hafiz Muhammad Zia ul
Noor
China Cross-linked acrylic based superabsorbent polymers incorporated with magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Swelling and antibacterial performance
28. P-205 Manzar Ishaq Pakistan Deep eutectic solvents: Properties and potential applications in membrane
technology 29. P-206 Shakhawat Hossain Republic
of Korea
Comparative review on passive micromixers: mixing evaluation
30. 21 P-194 Hafsa Khan Pakistan Metal organic frameworks as adsorbents for hazardous wastewater treatment
31. 22 P-195 Bazla Sarwar Pakistan Metal organic framework photocatalytic membrane reactors for water and
wastewater treatment
32. 24 P-196 Raana Fahim China Synergistic long term temperate-climate nitrogen removal performance in
pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF CW): Toward sustainable and clean water production
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33. 25 P-178 Zaman Tahir Pakistan Bio-MOF-11 Incorporated Mixed Matrix Membranes for Efficient Gas
Separation
34. 26 P-123 Zohra Sadouk-Hachaichi Algeria Degradation of clopidogrel by Pseudomonas spp. strain isolated from
algerian wastewater
35. 27 P-199 Naila Amin Pakistan Energy recovery from municipal solid waste: Current status, challenge and
perspectives
36. 28 P-200 Muhammad Masood Khan China Hazardous wastewater treatment with low cost sorbent with in-situ
regeneration using hybrid solar energy-electrochemical system
37. P-158 Nabil Bousbia Algeria Contribution to the study of the effect of hot microwave-air drying on the
characteristics of a local tomato variety
38. P-203 Mohsin Ali Pakistan Mixed matrix membranes incorporated with sonication-assisted ZIF-8
nanofillers for hazardous wastewater treatment
39. P-204 Hammad Saulat China Review of wind speed pattern data and wind energy potential in Pakistan
40. P-197 Muhammad Kashif Shahid Republic
of Korea Anaerobic membrane bioreactors: A brief review on recent advancements emphasizing on fouling issues
41. P-198 Zeeshan Hameed Pakistan Gasification of municipal solid waste blends with biomass for energy
production and resources recovery: Current status, hybrid technologies and
innovative prospects
42. P-104 Fatma Hassaine-Sadi
Algeria Removal and recovery of heavy metals (Cr , Ni, Cd) from wastewater by membrane processes coupling purification-concentration
43. P-219 Saira Asif Pakistan An assessment of biodiesel production methodologies from Lucky nut (Thevatia peruviana) seed oil- An overview
44. P-150 Mechehoud Naima Algeria Photooxidation of Mg dye in aqueous solution by UV/PS process and ecotoxicity study
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PLENARY SESSION
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PL-1.
Driving industrial process integration implementation for sustainable
development
Zainuddin A. Manan
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
Email: [email protected]
Process integration (PI) is a systematic approach to manage and facilitate sharing and
exchange of materials and resources (energy, water, power and materials)
among/across units, processes, areas or even companies within an industrial park. PI
contributes to achieving the triple bottomline benefits of resource utilisation efficiency,
cost savings and sustainable development through industrial symbiosis. Process
Integration (PI) techniques enable companies to target and explore the scope and extent
of resource efficiency improvement possible for their processes. The retrofit measures
may range from changes in operating conditions that require no investment cost, to
those demanding high investments that are typically backed by higher return on
investment. Even though there have been numerous successful accounts of PI
applications worldwide, there are still many companies that have yet to explore the
feasibility of implementing PI techniques, and as a result, have yet to realise the full
potential of PI application in stretching the limits of resource efficiency improvement.
While the lack of awareness of the PI methodology have been effectively addressed by PI
experts through short courses and workshops; resistance to change and skepticism of
the scope, benefits and practicality of PI implementation remain as among the key
obstacles to PI implementation in many companies. This lecture highlights some typical
barriers for practical implementation of process integration projects, possible approaches
to overcome these barriers and key strategies and value propositions to effectively drive
successful industrial PI implementation to achieve the triple bottom-line benefits of
improved efficiency, profitability and environmental sustainability.
Keywords: Process Integration; Industrial implementation; Sustainable development;
Industrial symbiosis; Resource efficiency
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2019
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PL-2.
In persuit to hybrid anaerobic membrane biotechnology for wastewater reuse
and energy recovery
Jeonghwan Kim
Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Namgu, Inharo-100,
Incheon, Republic of Korea
Email: [email protected]
Growth of anaerobic membrane biotechnology research to advance resource recovery
and wastewater treatment has increased rapidly. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor
(AnMBR) is to combine anaerobic bioreactor with membrane filtration. The AnMBR can
provide high effluent (permeate) quality at relatively short hydraulic retention time
(HRT) while long solid retention time (SRT). Most importantly, the AnMBR can produce
renewable energy in form of methane. However, particular concern is the accumulation
of contaminants on membrane termed as fouling and its control requires much energy.
Advances in AnMBR in treatment of domestic sewage have produced anaerobic fluidized
bed membrane bioreactor (AFMBR) to reduce membrane fouling at low energy (less than
0.1 kwh/m3) while improving system performance. Granular activated carbon (GAC) is
often used as fluidized media to provide not only high surface area for biofilm formation
but also scouring to clean membrane. Innovations of AFMBR have been proven from
laboratory to pilot-scale studies, but development of alternative media to compensate
disadvantages of GAC need to be made. Although significant progress has been made
with various AnMBRs, there are still several major challenges that need to be resolved.
The effluent produced contains high amount of nutrients without solid materials, thus
post-treatments need to be considered to produce a satisfactory permeate quality that
meets the non-potable reuse purposes. Alternatively, the reclaimed wastewater from
AnMBR may be reused for agricultural irrigation while retaining nitrogen and
phosphorous, but harvesting nutrients with microbial safety should be a key challenge.
Keywords: Anaerobic membrane bioreactor; Resource recovery; Wastewater reuse,
Anaerobic fluidized bed membrane bioreactor; Fouling
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2019
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PL-3.
Water, energy and environment nexus in circular economy
Jiri Jaromir KLEMES
Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory (SPIL), NETME CENTRE, Brno University of
Technology-VUT Brno, Czech Republic
Email: [email protected]
The concept of Water-Energy-Environment nexus, where environment has been mainly
represented by GHG (greenhouse gas,) relies on pathways among these three
interdependent sectors from an industrial point of view: the water production, the
energy generation and GHG emission sectors. The utilisation of water and energy in
developing and functioning communities and plants generates waste (like GHG
emissions) in addition to the services from water and energy consumption. Energy is
required for water generation, operation and distribution. Water is also necessary for the
generation and operation/conversion of energy as well as manufacturing processes.
Energy production and utilisation related human activities are the main contributors to
GHG emissions. Water, energy, and GHG have become crucial indicators of social
development and environmental sustainability and base of the circular economy. The
consumptions of water and energy, as well as GHG emissions are closely related to
environmental sustainability achievement via the metabolism of the ecosystem and
human society. The confluence of declining water availability, expanding energy demand
and quality as well as increasing climate change impacts makes addressing water,
energy and GHG issues together with a critical global and regional need. In recent
studies, the nexus between these three key factors have been increasingly emphasised,
which is pivotal for decreasing environmental footprints and crucial for the circular
economy. The literature review highlighted the research gaps, the cases and data serve
as a foundation for future development. The methodologies section illustrated the
methods would be applied in future work. The comprehensive study on water-energy-
GHG nexus of multi-sectors needs still a strong research focus. The critical transmission
sectors of water-energy-GHG should also be more developed. The assessment
framework of “critical transmission sectors of water-energy-GHG nexus”, has been
established in this study.
Keywords: Water, energy and environment nexus; Circular economy; GHG emissions;
environmental sustainability; ecosystem
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2019
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Technical Session I: Water/Wastewater
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2019
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Keynote Talk.
Anaerobic membrane biotechnology for bioenergy and resources recovery from
wastewater: Current status, opportunities and perspectives
Muhammad Aslam
Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Overall deficiencies of water, energy and climate change are receiving increased
attention for economical and sustainable wastewater treatment processes. A few
systems have been recommended to give solution for the need. Wastewater has been
investigated as a source for nutrient, biogas, volatile fatty acids, and biohydrogen
recovery. Therefore, it is necessary to remove resources from wastewater. Membrane
biotechnology is found very promising method for resources recovery. Anaerobic
membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology holds great potential in waste treatment, and
energy consumption. Using AnMBR can decrease carbon footprint, sludge production,
increase sludge retention time quality of effluent and eliminates wastewater impact on
environment. This talk presents analytical and complete perspective on recent advances
in anaerobic membrane biotechnology for resources and bioproducts recovery from
waste water along with challenges and opportunities.
Keywords: Anaerobic membrane bioreactor, Nutrient recovery, Biogas, Biohydrogen;
Volatile fatty acids
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2019
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Paper ID-154
Synthesis of immobilized FeTAML oxidation catalyst for orange (II) dye removal
in wastewater treatment
Nabilah Ismail1, Nur Khairunnisa Nazri1, Leonard James Wright2, Terrence J.
Collins3
1 School of Fundamental Science, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus,
Terengganu, Malaysia
2 School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
3 Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The development of a simple and inexpensive process that enabled the purification of
large volumes of water by the selective oxidative destruction of harmful minor
contaminants such as organic dyes and endocrine disruptors is a very important goal.
Such a system would find application and uptake world-wide, especially in the cost-
effective remediation of contaminated waste water streams. The development of special
polymer films that could incorporate a range of oxidation catalysts, including iron TAMLs,
could provide the means to achieve this goal. Iron TAMLs are macrocyclic tetraamide
iron complexes that are efficient homogenous catalysts for oxidations with hydrogen
peroxide. TAMLs are composed of non-toxic elements and breaks down into
environmentally benign products at the end of its useful lifetime. They have a number of
favourable attributes including high activity and efficiency, high water solubility, and
they are relatively simple to prepare. The use of an immobilized iron TAML oxidation
system could provide a more cost effective and greener alternative than current
technologies such as activated carbon, chlorine and membrane filtration. We have
prepared a number of immobilized catalytic oxidation films and our preliminary results
with this technique shows that it can oxidatively destroy aqueous solutions of organic
dyes such as Orange (II) in an efficient manner. Details of the development of these
techniques and the results of the oxidative destruction of organic pollutants will be
discussed further.
Keywords: Orange (II) dye; FeTAML catalyst; Hydrogen Peroxide
WEEN
2019
29
Paper ID-184
Grey water reclamation through recycled RO membranes
Jawwad Ahmed, Yousuf Jamal*
Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Chemical and
Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad
44000, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Reuse of recycled RO membranes after oxidative treatment as ultrafiltration membranes
promises to bring membrane filtration at par with conventional treatment processes in
terms of cost-effectiveness. Although the treatment process in which discarded RO
membranes are converted into ultrafiltration membranes is well documented, limited
pilot data is available for their application in different filtration applications. This research
gap is felt because most commercially available RO membranes are spiral wound while
the ultrafiltration membranes commonly used for water filtration applications are hollow-
fiber, and pilot scale data will help to develop performance guidelines and predict fouling
characteristics of different types of feed waters. In the current paper, converted RO
membranes are subject to filtration with domestic grey water as the feed source. The
results show that the converted membranes performed at par with conventional
filtration, while also providing a consistent filtrate turbidity of < 1 NTU. The reduction in
cost and physical footprints, and recycling of membranes that would otherwise have
ended up in landfills, are added advantages that makes this an attractive proposition for
grey water filtration applications.
Keywords: Grey water; Reclamation; Recycled RO membranes; Ultrafiltration
WEEN
2019
30
Paper ID-132
Water Planning Framework for Alfalfa Fields using Treated Wastewater in
Qatar: A Water-Energy-Environment Nexus Approach
Fatima-Zahra Lahlou, Hamish R. Mackey, Tareq Al-Ansari*
Hammad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The state of Qatar is challenged by food insecurity due to its extreme climate and
extremely limited water resources. For agriculture, water comes from rapidly depleting
groundwater reserves or through energy intensive desalination. Considering the large
industrial infrastructure in Qatar, wastewater generated from associated operations can
be treated to produce high purity water. The treated wastewater (TWW) can be used to
enhance food production due to its high nutritional content, and to alleviate water
scarcity in the country. As wastewater can be from different sources, i.e. municipality
and industry, the nutritional content of TWW varies accordingly.
This research investigates the water-energy-environment nexus approach for a water
planning framework. The model suggests a decision-making scheme, which identifies the
optimum allocation of the different sources of TWW to be used in cultivating alfalfa at
minimum cost, energy demand and environmental footprint. The annual crop water
requirements have been computed for Alfalfa considering the weather conditions and
different cutting seasons. The TWW sources are allocated depending on their nitrogen,
phosphorus and potassium contents to meet the nutritional requirements for optimum
alfalfa growth. The energy requirements and carbon footprint are computed based on
the wastewater treatment process, the distribution system and the distance between the
wastewater treatment plants and the alfalfa fields. The proposed research demonstrates
that TWW effectively and optimally distributed to surrounding Alfalfa farms at minimal
environmental and economic cost.
Keywords: Wastewater reuse; Water; Energy; Food; Environment; Agriculture
WEEN
2019
31
Technical Session II: Environment
WEEN
2019
32
Keynote Talk
Industrial Symbiosis via Process Integration
Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi
Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Department of Chemical Engineering
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
Email: [email protected]
Industries play a key role in providing continuous supply of human’s essential needs
including food, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, building materials and equipment. Rapid
population as well as industrial growth have been accompanied by rising demands for
utility resources and widespread environmental pollution. Over the last four decades,
Process Integration (PI) has emerged as a holistic approach for the optimal planning,
design and retrofit of minimum resource utilisation networks. PI promotes symbiosis and
synergy by maximising resource utilisation efficiency and minimising wastes among
interacting processes, industry and systems. In this lecture, state-of-the-art PI
techniques for the supply, demand and end-of-pipe management are highlighted to
minimise consumption of resources such as energy, water, gas, solvents, CO2 and solid
wastes.
WEEN
2019
33
Paper ID-173
High performance catalytic sheet filter of V2O5-WO3/TiO2 supported-SiC for NOx
reduction
Joo Hong Choi1*, Ajit Dattatray Phule1, Jin Hyoung Kim2, Seongsoo Kim3
1 Department of Chemical Engineering/ERI, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju
52828, Korea
2 Kyungsung Industry Co., LTD, Noksansandan 382 Ro 14 Bungil 41, Kangsu Gu, Busan,
Korea
3Department of Mechatronics Convergence, College of Engineering, Changwon National
University, Bldg. 51, 20, Changwondaehak-ro, Changwon 641773, Korea
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 over catalyst based on
V2O5WO3/TiO2 is the best effective benchmark technique to reduce efficiently NOx
emissions from stationary and mobile sources. We prepared the SiC sheet filters with
different size (38, 38-53, & 53 µm) SiC powder. Also the thickness of the SiC filter had
varied to see the change in V2O5WO3/TiO2 catalyst loading and NO conversion
performance at different reaction temperature (240-340 ˚C). Increase in the thickness
(double) of the SiC sheet filter, increases the catalyst loading over the filter. As a result,
NO conversion performance improved from 80% (BM25SF_SiC53) to more than 94%
(BM25SF_SiC10mm_53) at reaction temperature range of 260-340 ˚C with Nx leakage
less than 80 ppm in the reaction temperature range of 280-320 ˚C. Microstructural
study with the help of an optical images explained the surface morphology of the SF with
empty and buried (with catalyst) pores. Mn as an alternative to vanadium (50%) in
V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalyst powder, which helps the NO conversion performance to be
consistent i.e. 99.9% with Nx leakage less than 50 ppm at reaction temperature range of
260340 ˚C. Mn is a best substitute to vanadium without compromising the NO
conversion performance in VWT catalyst powder.
Keywords: NOx reduction; Catalyst; Filter; Vanadium; Sheet
WEEN
2019
34
Paper ID-122
Synthesis of anion exchange material from waste blast furnace slag and its
application to adsorbent for harmful anion
Shie Yamaguchi, Yu Shimamura, Teruhisa Hongo*
Department of Life Science and Green Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Saitama
Institute of Technology, Japan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Blast furnace slag (BFS) is a by-product generated in the iron making process. The BFS
has been discharged in large quantities and mostly reused as raw materials for cement,
roadbed, and concrete aggregate. However, the amount of use of BFS in these fields
tends to be saturated. Therefore, exploring new utilization of BFS becomes increasingly
important. In this study, we have developed a synthesis process of anion exchange
material from BFS. Furthermore, we have also revealed that the anion exchange
material have high adsorption ability for borate.
Keywords: Blast furnace slag; Adsorbent; Anion exchange material; Borate
WEEN
2019
35
Paper ID-102
Environmental impact assessment of a nitrogenous fertilizer (CAN 27%N)
produced in Algeria
Ali Makhlouf1*, Gaetana Quaranta2, Ramdane Kardache1, Raouf Chaabia, Hamza
Cheniti3
1 Department of Geological Sciences, FSBSA, Mouloud MAMMERI University, Tizi-Ouzou,
Algeria
2 EOST, Laboratoire dHydrologie et de Géochimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7517, Strasbourg,
France
3 Départment des Mines, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines et de la Métallurgie
Annaba, Algérie
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
This paper aims to assess the environmental impact of a fertilizer produced in Algeria.
The Functional Unit chosen for this study is One ton of CAN at 27% of Nitrogen. In first,
a detailed inventory of energy and materials flows for all life cycle of the product has
been completed, and primary data collection was executed at the production facilities
located in Algeria and completed by “Ecoinvent” database. Particularly, the energy
performance and Greenhouse Gases (GHG) of the product (CAN 27% of N) were
assessed. Evaluation of the impact was carried using GEMIS 4.7 software according to
life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method and expressed with the “CML” method.
Results have focused on the assessment of energy efficiency (Cumulative Energy
Requirement (CER)) and of GHG emissions quantification. Global Warming Potential
(GWP) is very significant due to the GHG emission of 2.46 t CO2 eq/FU of CAN. CO2 is
the most important GHG emission factor with 1.136 t/t of CAN. The results show that the
Algerian fertilizers production process is characterized by its high energy requirement
(13.49 GJ/t of CAN), this request higher than the world average. The overconsumption
in the Algerian process increases the cumulative energy requirement. Two factors
contribute to explain this overconsumption of energy in the Algerian fertilizers production
process, the first is related to the multiple restarts of the plant following the failures that
usually occur. The second factor is the efficiency of the catalytic reaction in the upstream
processes (NH3 and HNO3).
Keywords: Algeria; CAN 27%N; FERTIAL; GHG; CER
WEEN
2019
36
Technical Session III: Energy/Alternative
fuels
WEEN
2019
37
Keynote Talk
Biomass to fuels and bioproducts: Trends and views for future biorefinery
utopia
Gopalakrishnan Kumar
Institute of Chemistry, bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of
Stavanger, Norway,
School of civil and Environmental Engineering, Yunsei University, Seoul, Republic of
Korea
Email: [email protected]; [email protected]
In recent years algae biotechnology and biofuels are emerging, mainly due to the fossil
fuel resources depletion and unavoidable dependence on energy sources for day today
life of human society. Besides, the algae biofuels gained more attention because of the
fact that the biomass productivity is higher compared with other organic wastes or
terrestrial cellulose feedstock in terms of land use. Besides, algae are high in lipid and
carbohydrate content based on its dry weight. The major advantage of algae is that it
can be grown in wastewater, and during the growth it will consume the CO2 (mitigation
of CO2), which is a major greenhouse gas responsible for many environmental issues.
Thus, utilizing algae for the biofuel production would reduce the significant amount of
CO2 in the atmosphere and also act as a feasible feedstock for the production of
biodiesel, bio ethanol, bio-methane and biohydrogen. In this talk, the characteristics of
various algae, algal biotechnology in environmental remediation, bio-prospecting of algal
consortia, hydrolysis methods, advantages and barriers of algae biofuel production will
be discussed. Additionally, new areas of research for the valorization to various
biopolymers could be interesting for the researchers to focus on in near future.
Keywords: Algae; Biofuel; Biopolymers; Wastewater; CO2 Mitigation
WEEN
2019
38
Paper ID-114
Comparison of building performance between a conventional house and a High
Energy Performance house
Amara Mohamed, Derradji Lotfi, limam Amel*, Boudali Errebai Farid
National Center of Studies and Integrated Research on Building Ingineering (CNERIB)
City nouvelle El MOKRANI, Suidania, Algiers 16097, Algeria
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The building performance monitored over one year of a conventional house and a High
Energy Performance house in the city of Djelfa, Algeria is presented in this paper. These
two houses which differ in building fabric, orientation of the rooms and thermal
insulation, use of different energies and residents’ occupancy result in distinct building
energy performance and indoor air quality. According to the measurement data, the
primary energy demand (electricity and natural gas) of the conventional house and high
energy performance house were 454 kWh/m2 and 209 kWh/m2, respectively while the
annual average indoor temperature and relative humidity of the two houses were
maintained in the temperature range of 25 °C to 35 °C and an interval on relative
humidity of 15 to 45% for the conventional house. A temperature range of 24 °C to
31 °C and a relative humidity range of 15 to 50% for the high energy performance
house. The temperature and the relative humidity were maintained in thermal comfort
range with the use of electricity for the summer air-conditioning and the natural gas for
the winter heating. The results indicate that the reduction of space heating demand is by
about 55 % and space air conditioning demand is by about 40 % by using these simple
passive energy efficiency techniques in the buildings located in the city of Djelfa, Algeria.
Keywords: High Performance Energy house; conventional house; energy consumption;
Monitoring
WEEN
2019
39
Paper ID-181
Hydrogen production potential from the paper and pulp industries wastewater
in India
Saroj Sundar Baral*, Dileep Maarisetty, Janaki Komandu
Department of Chemical Engineering BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, India
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Energy-water nexus holds key for sustainable development amidst raising population
and global industrialization. Rapid growing industries have left an indelible mark on the
ecosystems. In the view of addressing the top two crisis (energy and water), this review
is divided into two parts; discussion on phenol remediation; second on hydrogen
production. A complete statistical analysis of phenol generation around the world and
also in India is discussed by taking paper and pulp industry as the source or reference
point. Similarly, H2 productions from various non-renewable and renewable energy
sources are compared in terms of cost and sustainability. With AOPs going in full swing,
the focus has been dedicated to photo-catalysis for efficient degradation and also the
energy production from it. Besides, the underlying mechanisms for OH radical and H2
generation are detailed to explore the factors that influence their production rate. The
shortcomings in the technology such as low optical response in visible region, high
recombination of photo-generated charge carriers and their transport are reviewed and
proposed some emerging ways to overcome them with a systematically approach.
Construction of composite catalysts that offers higher quantum yield, hydrogen
production under sun light and making it more cost effective and long-lasting is the gist
of this work.
Keywords: Paper & pulp industry; wastewater; Phenol; Hydrogen; Advanced Oxidation
Process; Photocatalysis
WEEN
2019
40
Paper ID-160
Waste to energy: Biodiesel production from Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium)
seed as a novel waste feedstock
S.S. Hoseini, G. Najafi*, B. Ghobadian
Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Bitter Orange (Citrus aurantium) is a fruit that is used in different areas of Iran. It has
also a lot of seeds which have no special applications and are considered as waste. Since
the Bitter Orange seed has a lot of oil in it (38%), so its seed can be a suitable source
for generating energy from wastes. Thus, in this research, the view of producing
biodiesel from the oil of Bitter Orange seed has been studied. Based on the high acid
value of Bitter Orange seed (16.58 mgKOH/g), so the Esterification reaction was done at
the first level and the amount of acid value was decreased to 1.2 mgKOH/g. at the next
level, the transesterification reaction was done and the reaction process was optimized in
order to catch the most biodiesel yield. The results showed that in the optimal conditions
(reaction temperature 60˚C, catalyst value 1 wt% (KOH), Rotational Speed of magnetic
stirrer at 600 rpm and the molar ratio of methanol per oil 8:1) the maximum amount of
biodiesel yield (97%) is obtained. By investigating the physical and chemical properties
of the produced biodiesel, it was found that all the measured physical and chemical
properties of the Bitter Orange seed oil biodiesel are according to the ASTM standard.
According to the obtained results, we can conclude that the Bitter Orange seed is a
suitable source for generating energy from wastes.
Keywords: Waste to biodiesel; Citrus aurantium seed; physicochemical properties;
feedstock
WEEN
2019
41
Technical Session IV: Environment
WEEN
2019
42
Keynote Talk
Biomass to Biofuels: Oman's perspective
Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb
Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sultan
Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
Email: [email protected]
Due to increasing concerns about global warming and dwindling oil supplies, the world’s
attention is turning to green processes that use sustainable and environmentally friendly
feedstock to produce renewable energy such as biofuels. Biomass type and availability
depends on specific region and specifically for Oman it posses arid land and Date palm
waste is abundant here. Date palm occupies 54 per cent of total agricultural land in the
country. It exists in large amounts in Oman with around 200 cultivated varieties and the
total production of dates in Oman reached 308,000 tonnes in 2018 from 281,000 tonnes
in the previous year. As, Oman’s major contributor to economy is Oil sector, but due to
limited reserves and complex geology the main concern to ponder on is to find some
alternative, potential and sustainable energy sources. While all inevitable issues related
to fossil fuels push the researchers to dig out viable alternatives. Biofuel from non-edible
feedstock pose to be a suitable alternative fuel for energy production and transportation.
However, due to some challenges, the production of biofuels is limited such as suitability
and availability of feedstock, and production cost. In order to overcome these issues
Date Pits which is agricultural waste due its excess availability and cheapness can be
suitable feedstock for producing biofuels. The oil extracted from Date Pits can be
transformed into biofuels such as biodiesel, green diesel and jet fuel fractions. Moreover,
biodiesel produced from waste Date pits can potential alternative fuel which is nontoxic,
biodegradable and renewable. Biodiesel is produced by transesterification in which oil or
fat is reacted with short chain alcohol in the presence of a catalyst. Thus, Date palm
waste is potential alternative for biofuels as well as it will help to for waste management
to resolve the environmental issues.
Keywords: Waste; Biomass; Biofuel; Green additives
WEEN
2019
43
Paper ID-142
Lavandula stoechas essential oil from Algeria: Aromatic profile determined by
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and biological activities
Lynda Lamoudi1*, Siham Boubkeur2, Soraya Akretche-Kelfat1, Kamel Daoud1
1 Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology
Houari Boumediene, BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, 16111 Algiers, Algeria.
2 CRD. Saidal
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Lavandula stoechas essential oils (EOs), obtained from plants grown in the North of
Algeria, were gathered, dried, hydrodistilled and their essential oils analyzed by gas
chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty compounds were
identified, three of them (1,8-cineole, L-fenchone, and camphor) accounting for more
than 60% of the total oil in all the analyzed samples. This characterization was
completed with different biological activities, Antioxidant activity was evaluated
positively by DPPH method, the anti-inflammatory activity, mainly due to fenchone and
camphor was evaluated positively. The essential oil was screened for antimicrobial
activity by disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against
bacteria and fungus. Results reveal that Lavandula stoechas essential oils are inhibitory
against the tested bacteria and fungal strains. These properties support the potential use
of L. stoechas EOs as natural cosmetic and natural pharmaceutical ingredients for
several skin diseases.
Keywords: Lavandula stoechas; Essential oils; Aromatic profile, Biological activities
WEEN
2019
44
Paper ID-149
Recyclable household waste in Annaba City, Algeria
Hamza Cheniti*, Ali Makhlouf
Ecole nationale supérieur des mines et de la métallurgie ENSMM Annaba
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
In Algeria, the issue of solid urban waste began a new start in 2001 with the adoption of
the National Program for Integrated Municipal Waste Management (PROGDEME), whose
objectives are, among other things, the elimination of uncontrolled landfills, and
promotion of recycling and selective sorting activities to improve the quality of the
environment and protect public health. A series of works punctuated this new approach
and gave rise to a relative quantification of the reality of waste in Algeria.
Also, in 2009, the Ministry of Territorial Development reported on the possibility of
recovery of 760,000 T / year or 385,000 T / year of paper, 130,000 T / year of plastic,
100,000 T / year of metals, 50,000 T / year of glass, 95,000 T / year of various
materials (MATETCNFE, 2009).
In the city of Annaba, this work shows that the recyclable fraction is important and
proportional to the standard of living (where the average is 33.82% of the wet mass) in
the rich neighbourhoods than in the rest from the city (where it varies on average from
21.70% to 30.40%) with an average for the city of 27.86%. This proportion is close to
the national average (28%) and that of some cities in developing countries: Haiti - 26.6
to 31.1%; Amman / Jordan: 31%; Istanbul / Turkie: 34%.
Keywords: Household waste; recyclable waste
WEEN
2019
45
Paper ID-180
Contribution of calcined natural Pozzolana to sustainability of high performance
concretes
A. Talah*, M.E. Belgacem, I. Challah
University of Science and Technology, Built Environment Res. Lab. (LBE), Algiers, Algeria
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
This paper reports an experimental study of contribution of finely calcined natural
Pozzolana (FCNP) used as partial replacement of Portland cement (PC) on the
mechanical properties and durability of high performance concretes. The analysis of the
experimental results on concrete at 10% content of finely calcined natural Pozzolana
with a fineness modulus of 9600 cm2/g, in a chloride environment, showed that it
contributes positively to the perfection of its mechanical characteristics, its sustainability
with respect to water absorption and migration of chloride ions. On the basis of the
experiments performed, it can be concluded that the FCNP is appropriate for formulation
of high performance concretes (HPC) and their properties are considerably better
compared to the reference concrete (RC).
Keywords: Calcined natural Pozzolana; Sustainability; High performance concretes
WEEN
2019
46
Technical Session V: Environment
WEEN
2019
47
Keynote Talk.
Benzene exposure among tanker worker during unloading of petrol at gas
station
Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya
Institute of Chemical and Bio-Engineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur
Malaysian
Email: [email protected]
The studies on the exposure of benzene on a high exposure area have been made
throughout the years. Benzene exposures data are compared with the current legislation
form Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) and National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health (NIOSH). Tanker worker are being expose to benzene at 0.167 ppm to
0.833 ppm at a period of 45 minutes to 95 minutes at one unload session. The data
shows that all mean Short-Term Exposure Limit (STEL) benzene exposure still within the
range appointed by OSHA and NIOSH of 5 ppm and 1 ppm. Both likelihood and posterior
decision in Bayesian Decision analysis gave a rating of 3 (very high) on benzene
exposure to the tanker worker.
Keywords: Benzene; Exposure; Petrol; Gas station
WEEN
2019
48
Paper ID-111
Analysis of flooding risk in the urban environment: Case study of Algiers city
Boualem EL Kechebour, Imad Eddine Khaldoun, Ali Ahmed-Chaouch
University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Faculty of Civil
Engineering, Laboratory of Water, Environment, Geomecanique and Works, Bab Ezzouar,
Algiers, Algeria
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The objective of this research work is to present an Analysis on flooding hazard and its
risk reduction. The identification of the existing correlations between the town
management and the vulnerability of a site allows the implementation of preventive
measures. During the urban design phase, the assumption of the risk is integrated in the
standards and rules of construction and urban development related to each specific site.
On existing urbanised sites, the reduction of the risks consists in making decisions to
reduce the fragility of the environment using several artifices. The research work starts
with an analysis of the natural phenomena as ground movement and flooding hazard. It
concludes by the identification of the interactions between the urban management, the
urbanization and the vulnerability of the City. Some Recommendations for disaster
reduction in the city of Algiers are presented.
Keywords: Analysis; Flooding Risk; Urban Environment; Urban Management;
Recommendations
WEEN
2019
49
Paper ID-148
Thermal treatment of alum sludge for wastewater Cr (VI) removal
Djekoune Leila, Salem Zineb*, Boumehdi Leila
University of Sciences and Technology of Houari Boumediene/ FGMGP, LSGPI, BP 32 El-
Alia. Bâb-Ezzouar, 16111. Algiers, Algeria
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The objective of this study was to investigate Cr (VI) removal from aqueous solution
using low cost adsorbents such as alum sludge from water production plant. The
characterization of this material was determined by using different analysis methods. To
improve Cr (VI) adsorption on alum sludge, we treated thermally this material by
calcination. The kinetics results of Cr (VI) adsorption on the calcined material at various
temperatures and time showed that the optimum of Cr (VI) elimination is obtained by
using the temperature of 300°C, during 2 hours. The results of the comparative study on
the performances of calcined and not calcined alum sludge showed that: The adsorption
is favorable with acid pH. The Cr (VI) removal is more important with not calcined alum
sludge, and decreases with the high initial concentration. The use of calcined alum
sludge allowed to reach a Cr (VI) concentration of 0.11 mg L-1, that is below the
standard norm to discharge in the environment. The kinetic study shows that for both
materials there is a better correlation with Langmuir and Freundlich. The data are well
correlated with pseudo second order kinetic model and Cr (VI) adsorption is spontaneous
(∆G° <0) and endothermic (ΔH°>0). These results showed that using alum sludge could
be a promising solution for Cr (VI) removal in wastewater treatment.
Keywords: Alum sludge; Adsorption; Cr (VI); wastewater; Kinetics
WEEN
2019
50
Paper ID-169
Elaboration of thin layers of copper oxide semiconductor: Application in the
environment
Soraya Bouachma1* Amina Charane2, Imene Tounsi2, Noureddine Gabouze1
1 Centre de Recherché en Technologie des Semi-conducteurs pour I’Energetique, Algiers,
Algeria
2 Faculte de Genie de Mecanique, USTHB, Bab-Ezzouar Algiers, Algeria
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Copper oxides (CuO) are wide-gap p type semiconductors (1.2 eV up to 1.8 eV) that
have many interesting properties (piezoelectric, optical, catalytic, chemical, etc.). A wide
range of applications makes them the most studied materials of the last decade,
especially in thin film form. In this work, we are interested in the synthesis of CuO thin
films on n-type porous silicon and ITO, for the realization of NH3 gas sensor. Two
methods were used: thermal evaporation and oxidation (annealing), consists of the
deposition of homogeneous pure layer of Cu on PS which is annealed at temperature 300
°C/3 h.
The structural, morphological and optical characterizations of the ITO/CuO and PS/CuO
deposit thus produced were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), (FTIR), UV spectroscopy and contact angle measurement. The
electrical properties of thin films of studied by "current-voltage" (I-V) measurements at
room temperature in the "Sandwich" semiconductor/oxide configuration. This study
made it possible to obtain a sensor that is very sensitive and with an extremely fast
response time of the order of 1 second for NH3.Thus, the determination of the different
parameters of the Schottky junction between copper oxides and porous silicon (PS/CuO)
was studied.
Keywords: Copper oxide; Thermal evaporation; Thin layers; Porous silicon; Gas sensor;
NH3
WEEN
2019
51
Technical Session VI: Water/Wastewater
WEEN
2019
52
Keynote Talk (Paper ID-185)
Mathematical Modelling of Simultaneous Water and Energy Considering Water
Management Hierarchy Options
Mohd Arif Misrol1, 2, Lily Shafikah Mansor1,2, Sharifah Rafidah Wan Alwi1,2*, Lim
Jeng Shiun1,2, Zainuddin Abdul Manan1,2, Farah Nabilah Abdul Basir1,2
¹ Process Systems Engineering Centre (PROSPECT), Research Institute of Sustainable
Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
2 School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Growing awareness regarding sustainability leads to minimisation effort of non-
renewable energy, as well as water. Both are closely linked to each other as the water
sources may be available at different temperatures, while water demands may require
different temperature values. Most of the previous works mainly focus on integration of
water and energy only, without consideration of strategies to reduce water consumption,
namely Water Management Hierarchy (WMH). This concept advocates water
minimization via the steps mentioned in increasing priority order; regeneration,
outsourcing, reduction, and elimination. Optimization for batch processes may be
relatively given lesser focus compared to continuous processes, although it is mainly
applied in certain prominent industries, such as food, biofuel, and pharmaceutical. In this
study, a mathematical modelling for simultaneous integration of energy and water
considering WMH for batch processes is developed. The superstructure consists of a set
of sources and demands with provision of regeneration, outsourcing, and fresh water
units. Time is considered in the model given batch process is time dependant. The model
is planned to be solved in two main steps; the first step involves direct heat transfer and
optimization of the minimum energy and water network. This step will also include
options as per WMH in the equations. The second stage will optimize consideration for
indirect heat transfer or heat integration. Main objective of the model is to obtain
minimum total annual cost. A case study is conducted to determine the model’s
applicability.
Keywords: Optimization; Water and energy; Water management hierarchy; Batch
process
WEEN
2019
53
Paper ID-170
Effectiveness analysis of the development upstream land use : Case study of
cibanten watershed
Siti Murniningsih
University of Indonesia, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The future Raw water need in the District/City of Serang and Cilegon is expected to
increase along with the rapid growth of population, economy and development. In
anticipation of the increase in the raw water requirements, efforts in meeting water
needs in the District/City of Serang and Cilegon are necessary to be done. One of the
potential source of water that is enough to overcome this problem, based on the Study
on Cidanau Cibanten Water Resources Development Project by JICA in 1992, is that
Cibanten River has a great potential for the construction of a dam. This study aims to
analyze the effectiveness of the development upstream land use due to meet the water
needs in the district/city of Serang and Cilegon. In order to achieve the objectives of the
study, hydrology analysis calculations using the model SCS-CN and HEC-HMS Geo has
been conducted. The case study it is based on the detailed information from the
Geographic Information System (GIS) available for upstream Cibanten Watershed. The
comparison between the averaged and distributed CN will calculated to analyze the
effect of spatial land use variability on the surface runoff, whereas the limitation of the
soil humidity and choose directly CN with the normal condition. Based on the projected
population growth in 100 years in Sindang Heula water basin, the maximum deficit value
in the water basin is approximately 21 Million m3
Keywords: Upstream land use; SCS-CN; HEC-HMS Geo
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2019
54
Paper ID-186
Bio-hythane and bio-methane production from dairy wastewaters: A study to
understand the role of operational constraints on their energetic and
environmental footprint
Roberto Ramírez-Díaz*, Dorian Prato-Garcia
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]; (Email)
Hythane (H2:10-30% and CH4: 90-70%) is an emerging fuel that improves the speed
and extends combustion, and reduces the greenhouse gas emissions due to its lower
carbon content. In the last decades, the production of hythane through anaerobic
digestion (AD) from different agro-industrial effluents has been fostered. Cheese whey is
considered a substrate with ample potential due to its high organic load (COD: 70 gO2/L)
and availability (9 L/kg of cheese). Despite the advantages of bio-hythane, little is
known about the environmental footprint that its production through the biological
pathway could leave. In this work, we evaluated the energetic and environmental
performance of the production of hythane from cheese whey through the biological
pathway. The environmental analysis of the process was performed through a life cycle
analysis (LCA) as indicated in the ISO 14040. Results of LCA indicate that more energy
can be obtained (9-15%) from the bio-hythane production process; however, this
alternative leads to greater emissions (12-34%) of greenhouse gases (kgCO2-Eqv/kg of
COD). It must be pointed out that the synthesis of hythane presents a higher
consumption of electricity (19%), vapor (50%), and reagents for the purification process
(11-17%). In both processes, the consumption of vapor was of 76% to 84% of the total
energy consumption. The energetic integration of the productive processes was a key
element for the environmental performance of the process as it led to energetic
excedents of close to 70% and to reductions in the carbon footprint of 31.6% (bio-
methane) and 44.8% (bio-hythane).
Keywords: Hythane; Methane; Energy potential; COD removal; Carbon footprint
WEEN
2019
55
Paper ID-179
Degradation and biodegradability enhancement of tannery waste effluent using
hybrid hydrodynamic cavitation processes
Virendra Kumar Saharan, Suja George, Shivendu Saxena
Department of Chemical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur,
302017, India
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
This study reports the degradation of organic pollutants present in tannery waste
effluent (TWE) using hybrid hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) such as HC + ozone (O3), HC
+ H2O2 and HC + Fenton's reagent. HC treatment alone caused a reduction of 14.46%
chemical oxygen demand (COD), 12.60% total organic carbon (TOC), 10.01% total
dissolved solids (TDS) and 34.82% total suspended solids (TSS) of the TWE samples at
the optimum inlet pressure of 500 kPa within 120 min. It also caused an increase in
biodegradability index (BI) value from 0.33 to 0.43 indicating increased biodegradability.
HC combined with O3 was effective as COD and TOC reduction increased to 26.81% and
17.96% respectively at the optimum loading of 7 g/h of O3. HC combined with H2O2 also
significantly enhanced the degradation efficiency to a maximum of 34.35% COD and
19.71% TOC reduction due to the enhanced generation of hydroxyl radicals. However,
HC combined with Fenton's process was found to be the most efficient hybrid process for
the treatment of TWE at a maximum reduction of 50.20% COD and 32.41% TOC
respectively at FeSO4.7H2O/H2O2 ratio of 1:3 (w/w) with BI value increased from 0.28 to
0.46. Further, when HC treated TWE effluents were subjected to anaerobic digestion,
66.7% higher yield of biogas was obtained as compared to raw TWE. It has been
observed that he anaerobic digestion of HC treated TWE provided better performances in
comparison to raw TWE in terms of lower acclimatization time, higher COD reduction and
more biogas generation.
Keywords: Hydrodynamic cavitation; Tannery wastewater; Biodegradability Index;
Advanced oxidation Processes
WEEN
2019
56
Technical Session VII: Energy/Alternative
fuels
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2019
57
Keynote
Optimization on pretreatment of rubber seed (Hevea brasiliensis) oil via
esterification reaction in a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor
Awais Bokhari
Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Pretreatment of the high free fatty acid rubber seed oil (RSO) via esterification reaction
has been investigated by using a pilot scale hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) reactor. Four
newly designed orifice plate geometries are studied. Cavities are induced by assisted
double diaphragm pump in the range of 1–3.5 bar inlet pressure. An optimised plate with
21 holes of 1 mm diameter and inlet pressure of 3 bar resulted in RSO acid value
reduction from 72.36 to 2.64 mg KOH/g within 30 min of reaction time. Reaction
parameters have been optimised by using response surface methodology and found as
methanol to oil ratio of 6:1, catalyst concentration of 8 wt%, reaction time of 30 min and
reaction temperature of 55 °C. The reaction time and esterified efficiency of HC was
three fold shorter and four fold higher than mechanical stirring. This makes the HC
process more environmental friendly.
Keywords: Optimization; Pretreatment; Rubber seed (Hevea brasiliensis);
Esterification; Hydrodynamic cavitation
WEEN
2019
58
Paper ID-183
Effect of dust and shade on the performance of solar PV systems
Adnan Shariah, Ehab Al-ibrahim
Physics Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110, Irbid , Jordan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Solar photovoltaic modules are manufactured by semiconductor materials which convert
solar radiant energy coming from the sun into direct electricity current. Solar became
the most important renewable energy technologies in the sense of new generating
capacity installed. Worldwide total PV installations represented 71.1 GW in 2011 and 480
GW at the end of 2018 according to the latest statistics published by IRENA [1].
However, solar power generation has still faces some problems like: the conversion
efficiency of solar cells is lower, and the output power of photovoltaic (PV) array has
great relationship with irradiation and temperature [2]. Regardless the problems
described above, one of the most important and critical problems on the photovoltaic
field are the shadowing and dust effects. Shaded conditions is sometimes inevitable
because some parts of the photovoltaic system receives less intensity of sunlight due to
several factors such as clouds, time of the day, season of the year or even shadows from
neighbouring objects [3], or environmental factors such as dust accumulation [4].
In this work we studied experimentally the effect of dust and shade on the performance
of solar photovoltaic system at Jordan University of Science and Technology campus.
After a comprehensive study carried out the obtained results show that both hard
shading and dust accumulation have significant reduction in the performance of PV
module.
Keywords: Performance of PV modules; shade; dust
1) The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) Renewable Capacity Statistics
2019 report.
2) Zhou, Tianpei, and Wei Sun. "Study on maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic
array in irregular shadow." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 66
(2015): 227-234.
3) Zhou, Tianpei, and Wei Sun. "Study on maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic
array in irregular shadow." International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems 66
(2015): 227-234.
4) Elminir, Hamdy K., et al. "Effect of dust on the transparent cover of solar collectors."
Energy conversion and management 47.18 (2006): 3192-3203.
WEEN
2019
59
Paper ID-165
The influence of UV irradiance on the short-circuit current for monocrystalline
and polycrystalline: Case of a semi-arid region
Dahr fatima-ezzahra1, 2, 3*, Bah Abdellah2, Ghennioui Abdellatif1, 3
1 The Institute of Research in Solar Energy and New Energies (IRESEN), Rabat, Morocco
2 ERTE, Ecole Normale Supérieure de l'Enseignement Technique, Université Mohammed V,
Rabat, Morocco
3 The Institute of Research in Solar Energy and New Energies (IRESEN), Benguerir, Morocco
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Prolonged exposure of photovoltaic (PV) modules to solar radiation, especially ultraviolet
(UV) radiation in the presence of high temperature, may cause yellow or brown
discoloration at the ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) layer. This anomaly can infect any area
of the module. The results show that the short-circuit current (Isc) is the parameter
most affected by discoloration. There is, therefore, a relationship between the electrical
characteristics and the UV dose. The aim of this work is to determine the impact of the
cumulative UV dose over time on the short-circuit current (Isc) for both polycrystalline
and monocrystalline technologies, for the semi-arid region, using the data of Isc
measured at Green Energy Park, Benguerir-Morocco, and data of the solar spectrum
simulated by the model of radiative transfer SMARTS (simple Model of the Atmospheric
Radiative Transfer of Sunshine). The plotted curves indicate that the degradation curve
is an increasing logarithmic curve.
Keywords: UV irradiation; Short-circuit current; Monocrystalline; Polycrystalline; Semi-
arid
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2019
60
Paper ID-187
Environmental sustainability assessment of a two-stage continuous process for
the synthesis of hydrogen and electricity from renewable resources
Roberto Ramírez-Díaz*, Dorian Prato-Garcia
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Dark fermentation (DF) is the most promising biological process to generate hydrogen
(H2), because of its low operation costs and high production capacity. However, the DF
can convert 10-20% of the energy contained in the substrate to H2. The integration of a
second treatment stage (To produce methane: CH4) would allow increase recovery of
energy. Some studies have pointed out that its necessary to quantify the environmental
impacts associated with some activities of the bioenergy production to improve the
environmental sustainability of these processes. In this study was to assess the
environmental sustainability of a two-stage continuous process (TSCP) that included the
purification of H2 (99.75%) and generation of electricity from CH4. In the LCA, the four
main stages indicated in the ISO 14040 were taken into account. The data required for
the LCA were obtained from a biological treatment system at a pilot scale simulated in
Aspen HYSYS®. The LCA evidenced that the consumption of electricity was a critical
activity of the TSCP, as it represented from 23.7 to 79.4% of the relative impact on the
environmental categories: global warming, fossil resource depletion, human toxicity, and
ionizing radiation. However, the electricity produced from CH4 warrants the energetic
self-sufficiency of the process and excedents of 12.9 to 44.7% per year. Finally, an
increase in COD from 3 to 25 gO2/L increased the yield of H2 production in 88.5% during
the DF stage and favored the reduction of the carbon footprint derived from the total
consumption of energy by the TSCP to 23.9 kgCO2-Eq/kg H2.
Keywords: Hydrogen; methane; electricity; sustainability; COD
WEEN
2019
61
Paper ID-182
Water-energy nexus: Efficiencies and sustainability in demand management
Aisha Bello-Dambatta, Prysor Williams
School of Natural Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Bangor
University, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, Uk
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The water industry is very energy intensive and on average between 2-3% of the world’s
energy use is used to produce and supply water, and to process and dispose of
wastewater. In the UK for example, around 2% of total energy use is used by water
companies. However, this represents only around 11 % of actual water related energy
use, with around 89% of water-related energy use attributed to water demand,
particularly with hot water use which constitutes around 95% of household water-related
energy use. Water supply and wastewater management operations alone are therefore
poor indicators of actual water-related energy use. Assessment of different water
demands is therefore necessary to provide a better understanding of sectoral water-
related energy use and develop appropriate demand management intervention
strategies. Additionally, given the inextricable link between water and energy use,
reducing demand, especially in hot water use, can significantly reduce overall costs and
emissions. As part of the ERDF Interreg Ireland-Wales Dŵr Uisce project we are working
on scoping and quantifying the water-related energy use of different demands to enable
the benchmarking and development of policy and best practice guidelines for different
water stakeholders. We plan to present an overview of the Dŵr Uisce project and its
objectives as well as initial findings of ongoing audit and rating of wet leisure centres in
Wales.
Keywords: Water; Energy; climate; policy
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2019
62
Technical Session VIII: Water-Energy
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2019
63
Keynote
Methyl ester synthesis of Pistacia khinjuk seed oil by ultrasonic-assisted
cavitation system
Saira Asif
Department of Botany, PMAS-ARID University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Synthesis of biodiesel from a non-edible source as Pistacia khinjuk seed oil via ultrasonic
cavitation (UC) system is reported in this study. A heterogeneous catalyst sulphated tin
oxide impregnated with silicon dioxide (SO42-/SnO2–SiO2) was employed during the
transesterification reaction in an UC reactor. Parametric optimisation results revealed the
maximum Pistacia khinjuk methyl ester (PiKME) yield was 88 wt.% at reaction time of 50
min, amplitude of 50%, catalyst amount of 3.5 wt.% and molar ratio of 13:1
(alcohol:oil). Performance of UC at optimised values was compared with mechanical
stirring (MS). UC proved advantageous over MS with 3 times more time efficient. Hence,
the superiority of UC over MS was established. About 3.2 fold higher reaction rate
constant using UC (0.029 min−1) compared to MS (0.009 min−1). PiKME production via
UC can potentially subsidise the overall cost of production by having 3.2 fold higher
reaction rate constant than MS. PiKME met most of the fuel properties enlisted in
EN14214 and ASTM D6751 standards.
Keywords: Methyl ester; Pistacia khinjuk seed oil: Ultrasonic-assisted cavitation
WEEN
2019
64
Paper ID-137
Determination of optimal discharge system for dense wastewater from an
environmental perspective through modeling
Iman Moshiri-Tabrizi, Mohammad Hossein Sarrafzazdeh, Rahmat
SotudehGharebaagh
School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran,
Iran
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
A remarkable number of experimental and modeling studies have been carried out on
the prediction of mixing behavior and dynamics of various industrial effluent discharge
systems into water bodies in recent decades. According to high pollutant and toxicity
content of buoyant and dense discharges, inappropriate disposal can pose a serious
threat to marine ecosystems as well as human's life. So that it is essential to accomplish
design criteria of the optimal system which eventuate in maximum dilution and minimum
environmental impacts. This paper will present results of CFD modeling for the purpose
of achieving the optimal discharge system from an environmental perspective.
Keywords: Effluent discharge; Computational fluid dynamics; Environmental impacts
WEEN
2019
65
Paper ID-188
Assessment and simulation of biogas generation and emissions: Case study of
Bizerte landfil
Sana Abid, Moncef Zairi
Laboratoire Eau, Energy et Environnement, ENIS, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Biogas is produced from the decomposition of the organic fraction of municipal solid
waste and they include mainly methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) but also
ammonia (NH3), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2). Atmospheric
methane has adverse effects on the surrounding environment and can affect the human
life. The main objective of this study is to simulate biogas production and emission using
numerical models regarding the particular waste composition, meteorological and
storage conditions, to compare the measured and estimated biogas generation in the
Bizerte landfill. This allows us to offer an optimum management plan of Landfill gas
(LFG) in Bizerte City which has a significant energy potential and represent a possible
source of renewable energy.
The biogas collecting network covers the whole landfill first and second cell and 65% of
the third one. The measured biogas flux since 2016 is about 550 Nm3/h. The SIMCET
software used for biogas production and emission estimation is based on the SWANA
model. The biogas estimated production rate for the year 2016 is found to be
550 Nm3/h. After the closure of the landfill in 2025, the biogas production will be
maximal with a rate 1036 Nm3/h.
Keywords: Landfill; Biogas; Generation; Emissions; Numerical models
WEEN
2019
66
Paper ID-108
Evaluation of the quality of groundwater in the zone of the irrigated Perimeter
Guelma-Bouchegouf (Northeast of Algeria)
Benhamza Moussa; Touati Mounira
Laboratory of Geodynamic and Natural Resources (LGRN) University of Annaba, B.P 12
Annaba–23000 Algeria
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Extending about 80 km from East to West, the irrigated Guelma-Bouchegouf perimeter is
located in the North-east of Algeria. It has been promoted since 1996 as an irrigable
area of 9250 hectares (ha). It spans over both banks of the Seybouse Wadi and is
subdivided into five independent units. It contains a shallow water table aquifer that is
vulnerable to pollution from anthropogenic sources. In order to assess groundwater
quality, physicochemical and organic analyzes were carried out during the low flow
period (October 2017) at fourteen shallow wells within the Guelma-Bouchegouf irrigation
area. Chemical analyzes results show that the study area is dominated by chloride-
calcium, sulphate-calcium and chloride-sulphate-calcium water types. The overall
mineralization is controlled by several phenomena such as soil leaching and evaporation
process during high and low flow periods, respectively, acid hydrolysis of underlying
rocks and human activities in the area. From a quality point of view, groundwater is
moderately to highly contaminated by major elements (Mg2+, Na+, Ca2+, Cl-, SO42-),
nitrogen compounds (NO3-, NO2-, NH4+) and phosphates (PO43-) due mainly to the
presence of salt rich evaporitic formations, on one hand, and intensive agricultural
activities, on the other. It is expected that results of this work will help decision makers
to take proper actions to protect soil and groundwater quality in the study area. The
principal component analysis (PCA) made it possible to define homogenous zones of
contamination.
Keywords: Irrigated perimeter; Guelma-Bouchegouf; Algeria; Groundwater water;
Pollution; PCA
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2019
67
Paper ID-213
Biosynthesis of bacterial cellulose -nanofibrous membrane based hybrid tubes
for water filtration
Muhammad Awais Naeem1*, Qufu Wei1, 2*
1 Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
2 Fujian Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Textile Fibers and Materials, Minjiang
University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] , [email protected] (Email)
Localized growth of bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibrils on electrospun membrane support
(ENM), to prepare nano-composite structures has been recently reported but it has not
been previously studied for the fabrication of three-dimensional hybrid structures for
water filtration and related applications. In this research work, BC-ENM based small
diameter hybrid tubes were fabricated through in-situ self-assembly. Randomly oriented
ENM where prepared using a simple lab-based electrospinning setup, which comprised of
a grounded stainless steel perforated cylinder rotating around its longitudinal axis at low
speed with help of attached motor. Afterwards, the tubular ENM along with the
perforated cylindrical supports were introduced into a lab-made horizontal bioreactor
which contained Hestrin and Schramm bacteria growth medium and the system was
autoclaved at 120C, and inoculated using Acetobacterxylinum seed broth. Air-liquid
interface of bacterial broth was fully covered by tubular ENM, which were placed parallel
to each other along the length of bioreactor and positioned 1-2mm below the broth’s
surface. In this way, after 3days long fermentation at 30C, BC-ENM hybrid tubes were
biosynthesized. As-prepared hybrid tubes were purified and dried. Hybrid tubes’ material
was assessed for structural and mechanical properties. SEM and FTIR verified the
formation of a unified BC network in ENM structure, hence securely binding electrospun
nanofibers to form a stable 3D hybrid structure. Water absorbency, wicking ability and
drying time increased, as a result of MC reinforcement. In conclusion, BC has importance
for hybrid membranes in terms of key material characteristics that are appropriate for
water filtration and related applications.
Keywords: Biosynthesis; Bacterial cellulose; Nanofibrous membrane; Water filtration
WEEN
2019
68
Technical Session IX: Water-Energy-
Environment
WEEN
2019
69
Keynote Talk
Monitoring inland water quality using sensors
Suresh Kumar Nagarajan
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology,
Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
To process the raw remote sensed data to assess Chlorophyll, Cyano‐phycocyanin,
cyano‐phycoerythrin, Coloured dissolved organic matter, Total suspended matter,
non‐algal particulate matter, Vertical light attenuation, turbidity and Bathymetry.
To design and implement the wireless sensor network to measure the ground
values like Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Conductivity, TDS and temperature. To integrate
remote sensed data and wireless sensed data to display the water quality
parameters of the study area. Research Approach: Technology to achieve the
objectives of the novelty, data retrieved from the Remote sensed image and
Wireless sensor data are integrated.
Keywords: Water; sensors; Quality
WEEN
2019
70
Paper ID-214
A pilot-scale study to investigate the effects of biochar on poultry litter
composting
Md. Muktadirul Bari Chowdhury
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and
Technology University, Bangladesh
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
A pilot-scale experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar on-poultry
litter composting. Poultry waste (PW) and different bulking agents i.e. biochar, rice straw
(RS) and rice husk Ash (RHA) were used. Three square-shaped bins were used with a
total volume of 0.733 m. The study was conducted at the Research field of the
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and
Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. To monitor the composting process and
evaluate compost quality, some physicochemical parameters such as temperature,
moisture content, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, volatile solids, total solid,
total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, potassium were measured at
different composting phases. The composting period lasted 100-110 days. Experimental
results showed that the final products had excellent physicochemical attributes (carbon
and nitrogen ratio, C/N: 17.26-22.41, germination index, GI: 119.18-137.77%, total
kjeldahl nitrogen, TKN: 0.97-1.38%, organic matter, OM: 35.22-44.3%, total organic
carbon, TOC: 20.42-25.69%, pH: 7.05-8.12, EC: 4739-6456 μS/cm). For good quality
compost, poultry waste should be used in higher amount (65:15:10:10) than different
bulking agents (RS, RHA and Biochar). The amount of biochar addition also played an
important role during composting especially on TKN content. The produced compost is
mature and stable. Nevertheless, composting duration and bulking agents and their
ratios are crucial factors that determine the quality of the final product. Biochar could be
used as additive materials for poultry waste composting. For accuracy of using biochar
as an additive material in poultry waste composting further experimentation is required.
Keywords: Biochar; Poultry waste; Composting
WEEN
2019
71
Paper ID-220
Role of data science in resource management
M. P Gopinath
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology,
Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Technological advancement are driving exponential growth in data, improving the
efficiency of many sectors and disrupting others. Extracting meaningful information
quickly from the modern-day deluge of data is now a requirement for being successful.
However, generating decision-ready data or predicting future outcomes from
environmental or operational data is challenging and requires specialized skills
interdisciplinary backgrounds that include data analysis, statistics, data visualization,
computer science, and mathematics. Though the applications of big data were confined
to information technology before 21st technology, now it is of emerging area in almost
all engineering specializations. But for water managers/engineers, big data is showing
big promise in many water related applications such as planning optimum water
systems, detecting ecosystem changes through big remote sensing and geographical
information system, forecasting/predicting/detecting natural and manmade calamities,
scheduling irrigations, mitigating environmental pollution, studying climate change
impacts etc.
Keywords: Data science; Resource management
WEEN
2019
72
Paper ID-164
Benchmark of cloudless sky detection algorithms using pyranometric
measurements of global horizontal irradiance
Omaima. El Alani1, 2*, Abdellatif.Ghennioui2, Hicham.Ghennioui1, Yves-Marie
Saint-Drenan3, Phillipe. Blanc3
1Faculty of Sciences and Technology: Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route
d’Immouzer, B.P. 2202, Fez, Morocco
2Institut de Recherche en Energie Solaire et Energies Nouvelles, IRESEN, Green Energy Park,
Km 2 Route Régionale R206, Benguerir, Morocco
3O.I.E. Centre Observation, Impacts, Energy, MINES ParisTech, PSL – Research University,
Rue Claude Daunesse, CS 10207, 06904 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX, France
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The evaluation of solar resource requires the use of solar irradiance time series, which
can be obtained from various sources as numerical weather prediction models or from
satellites, the validation of these models necessitates high-quality ground pyranometer
measurements performed for specific sites.
For specific studies, the selection of clear sky instants from measurements including all-
sky types is of great importance, such as the validation of models for estimating or
predicting clear sky radiation, the analysis of the variability due to the optical
transparency of the atmosphere, etc.
Our study aims to compare various algorithms for detecting clear sky instants, for a
semi-arid climate of Benguerir, Morocco, where the surface solar irradiance under clear
sky is the dominant situation, using ground-based measurement of irradiation from a
High Precision Meteorological Station.
Keywords: Time series; Solar irradiance; Clear sky
WEEN
2019
73
Paper ID-152
Degradation of sulfaquinoxaline by UV/Na2S2O8 and UV/Na2S2O8/Fe(II):
Effectiveness and toxicological evaluation
L. Boudriche1*, Z. Safaei2, D. Ramasamy2, M. Sillanpää2, A. Boudjemaa1
1 Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Technique en Analyses Physico-Chimiques, BP 384
Bou-Ismail, RP 42004 Tipaza, Algeria
2 Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Sammonkatu
12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
In order to improve existing treatment technologies for polluted waters, especially those
with refractory organic contaminants, scientists have focused on advanced oxidation
processes (AOPs), which have clearly proven effective in the treatment of various
effluents [1-3]. This study compares the degradation performance of one antibiotic, the
sulfaquinoxaline, by two AOPs processes, using photolysis (UV) in the presence of
sodium persulfate and photo-fenton oxidation. The results revealed that with the
(UV/Sulfate radicals) process at optimal concentration of oxidant (200 mgL-1), the
degradation rate reaches 90% within 5 h of irradiation. While, photo-fenton process
(UV/Sulfate radicals/Fe2+), seems to be more effective than (UV/Sulfate radicals) for
removing sulfaquinoxaline from water, since the degradation rate reaches 100% within
only 60 min of irradiations. The phytotoxicity and ecotoxicity of the treated samples
were studied against one plant species (Sinapis alba) and a crustacean (Daphnia
magna), respectively. At the end of the process, byproducts resulting from
sulfaquinoxaline oxidation by photo-fenton process appear to be more toxic towards S.
alba and D. magna than those obtained by UV-C process, although the last is less
effective in eliminating the antibiotic.
Keywords: Sulfaquinoxaline; Degradation; AOPs; Phytotoxicity; Ecotoxicity
1. I. Michael, Z. Frontistis, D. Fatta-Kassinos, Chapter 11: Removal of Pharmaceuticals
from Environmentally Relevant Matrices by Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs),
Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, 62 (2013) 345-407.
2. G. Boczkaj, A. Fernandes, Wastewater treatment by means of advanced oxidation
processes at basic pH conditions: A review, Chemical Engineering Journal, 320 (2017)
608-633.
3. M. Gągol, A. Przyjazny, G. Boczkaj, Highly effective degradation of selected groups of
organic compounds by cavitation based AOPs under basic pH conditions Ultrasonics
Sonochemistry, 45 (2018) 257-266.
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2019
74
Poster presentations
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2019
75
Paper ID-103
Reduction of nitrates from the photovoltaic industry by continuous
electrocoagulation
Tounsi Hanane1*, Hecini Mouna1, Derouiche Nadhjib1, Chaabane Toufik2
1 Centre de recherche en technologie des semi-conducteurs pour l’énergétique (CRTSE),
2, Bd Frantz Fanon BP140,7-merveilles, 16200, Alger, Algérie
2 Université de sciences et technolohies Houari Boumediene (USTHB), FGM_GP,
département de génie de l’environnement, BP 32 EL Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Alger, Algerie
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The liquid effluents generated by the various photovoltaic cell manufacturing processes,
in particular the surface treatment of the silicon wafers (pickling, degreasing) as well as
the chemical etching require large quantities of reagents such as nitric acid, fluoridic acid
and acetic acid. Consequently, the generation of large amounts of liquid discharges rich
in nitrate and fluoride ions which are often toxic to man and the environment.
Many physicochemical and biological processes have been proposed in order to solve the
nitrate problem. Continuous electrocoagulation is one of the electrochemical processes
that has been tested for its effectiveness on synthetic aqueous nitrate solutions
simulating effluents from the photovoltaic industry. Several parameters such as pH,
amperage and nitrate concentration were studied. The Results obtained showed that the
maximum nitrate removal is 51.67% for a volume of solution to be treated of 3 liters for
a concentration of 100 mg.L-1 and a pH=7.
Keywords: Photovoltaic; Nitrate; Continuous electrocoagulation; Reduction
WEEN
2019
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Paper ID-215
Assessment of biodiesel and its efficiency from Moringa Olifera L.
Saira Asif1*, Awais Bokhari2, Muhammad Aslam2
1 Department of Botany, PMAS-ARID University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
2 Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Biodiesel is the best alternative to diesel fuel and defined as long chain alkyl esters. It is
biodegradable, renewable and environmental friendly as compare to other conventional
biodiesel fuel. The utilization of Moringa Olifera L. as a source of biodiesel captures the
attention in current scenario of food security. Moringa is a good feedstock for biodiesel
production. Fatty acid content is the best indicator of oil usage. In Moringa oil major
fatty acids are oleic acid (42.43%) and α-Linolenic (32.8%). While palmitic, elaidic,
behenic, strearic and palmitoleic and arachidic acids are 9.04, 5.66, 2.98, 2.2, 7.07, and
1.11% respectively. Its high cetane number and density also make it suitable for
biodiesel production. In current review the importance of using non-edible oil for
biodiesel, methods of production and its importance are highlighted.
Keywords: Biodiesel; Biofuel; Energy
WEEN
2019
77
Paper ID-107
Valorization and management of agricultural waste in the chemical fields
Akretche-Kelfat Soraya 1, 2*, Kerbouche Lamia1, Abdellaoui Karima3, 4, Ferhat
Zoulikha 2, Ait Amar Hamid1
1 Laboratory of Industrial Process Engineering Sciences (LSGPI). Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering and Process Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari
Boumediene (U.S.T.H.B.), P.O. Box 32 El Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar, Algeria
2 High National School of Agronomy, 1 Avenue Pasteur Hassen Badi, 16200 El Harrach,
Algeria
3 laboratory of reaction engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process
Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene (U.S.T.H.B.), P.O.
Box 32 El Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar, Algeria
4Department of Agronomy - Faculty of Sciences, M'hamed Bougara University of
Boumerdes
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
An opportunity to find a substitute for hexane in the extraction of vegetable oils is
studied. Limonene is an agricultural byproduct that is used in various fields. It also can
used as a green solvent replacing hexane, which causes environmental problems.
Extraction yields of vegetable oils and their fatty acid profiles were studied. It appears
that limonene allowed to obtain higher yields and it has not changed the fatty acid
composition of different oils. Limonene could be the alternative to the use of hexane in
the extraction of vegetable oils.
Keywords: Solvent extraction; Byproduct; Vegetable oils; Hexane; Limonene; Yield;
Fatty acids
WEEN
2019
78
Paper ID-209
Rheological improvement in performance of low rank coal water slurries using
novel cost effective additives
Naila Amin1, 2, Muhammad. Suleman Tahir2, Mehmood Saleem3, Zakir Khan4*,
Muhammad Aslam1, Aqeel Ahmed Bazmi1, Moinuddin Ghauri1, Muhammad
Sagir2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Lahore Pakistan
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
3 Institute of Chemical Engineering & Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore,
Pakistan
4 Systems Power and Energy, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow,
G12 8QQ, UK
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Coal-water slurry (CWS) has been targeted as a promising fuel and an alternative to fuel
oil. CWS has a numerous advantages of low and convenient transportation with high
solid content. Combustion, gasification and liquefaction of coal-water slurry can be a
potential option if the properties would be improved. This study investigated the
improvement in performance of coal water-slurry using cost-effective additives. The coal
concentration varied from 20-60% while experiments were conducted with and without
additives. The results demonstrated that coal slurry exhibited shear thinning behavior
with increase in viscosity at higher concentration (by weight) without additives. The
behavior of the slurry moved from pseudo plastic to dilatant region after the addition of
calcium lignosulphonate additive. This overall improved the fluidity of CWS. Apparent
viscosity of CWS increased with higher coal fraction in the slurry. Static stability test was
conducted at concentration of 40-60% of all coal samples. The stability of different coal
samples with 40% concentration by weight occurred earlier as compared to 50 and 60%.
Keywords: Coal; Coal water slurry; Low-cost additives; Alternative fuels; Energy
WEEN
2019
79
Paper ID-216
A review on biodiesel production from Xanthium sibricum Patr seed oil
Awais Bokhari1*, Saira Asif2,
1 Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
2 Department of Botany, PMAS-ARID University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
In recent times, due to increasing environmental issues and depletion of fossil fuels the
world has been facing up energy crises. To cope up these issues and met the demands
for fuelling the extensive research has been done on alternative energy sources like
biofuel from biomass resources. Presently, many countries utilize edible sources for
biofuel production including soybean oil, rapeseed oil, castor oil, etc. but it raises many
controversial issues about food security. In this paper, an investigation has done on the
potential of Xanthium sibricum Patr seed oil which is widely distributed in the temperate
region. It grew alo ng the shores and river and profusely found in Asia, North America,
Africa, Europe, Central America, and the Caribbean. Xanthium sibricum has a low cold
filter plugging point and high oil content i-e (42.34%) as compared to Sapium sebiferum
(38.09%) and Jatropha curcas (12-29%). The composition of Oil’s fatty acid of Xanthium
sibricum is considerably similar to that of soybean oil. Multi-step process involved in
biodiesel production from Xanthium sibricum seeds. The fuel properties fulfil the
standards of ASTM, GB/T, and EN. Hence, the biodiesel produced from the non-edible
Xanthium sibricum seeds could be a valid alternative to diesel fuel and can be used in
the commercial market.
Keywords: Biodiesel; Energy; Non-edible
WEEN
2019
80
Paper ID-125
Photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disrupting compound using Xerogel
composite beads (CaAlg/ZnO) as catalyst: Effect of different parameters
Farida Kaouah, Chahida Oussalah, Wassila Hachi, Salim Boumaza
Laboratory of Industrial Processes Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Mechanical and
Engineering Processes, USTHB, BP 32, 16111 Algiers, Algeria
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The presence of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), known as emerging
contaminants (ECs), in the environment has attracted growing concern due to their
toxicity and potential hazard to the ecosystems and humans. The conventional treatment
technologies that use biological processes cannot effectively remove these contaminants.
Therefore, In this work, we focused on the photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A
(BPA) using Xerogel composite beads (CaAlg/ZnO) as catalyst. Several experimental
parameters affecting the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation, including irradiation
time, loading catalyst doses, pH, and initial concentration of BPA were investigated. The
optimum efficiency of degradation of 92 % was achieved at optimized experimental
conditions of pH = 7.1 , a dosage of CaAlg/ZnO equal to 0.2 g/L, a reaction time of 180
min and with an initial concentration of BPA of 20 mg/L. The kinetic studies were
achieved and revealed that the photocatalytic degradation process obeyed a Langmuir–
Hinshelwood model and followed a pseudo-first order rate expression. Results obtained
in this work, indicate that a Xerogel composite beads (CaAlg/ZnO) exhibits good
performance as a catalyst for degradation of BPA in a photocatalytic process.
Keywords: Bisphenol A; Photocatalysis; CaAlg/ZnO xerogel composite beads;
Langmuir–Hinshelwood model
WEEN
2019
81
Paper ID-157
Structural Study of Silicon thins films doped with Cerium
Bekhedda Kheira*, Brik Afaf, Benyahia Badra, Menari Hamid, Manseri Amar
Centre de Recherche en Technologie des Semi-conducteurs pour l’Energétique (CRTSE) 2
Bd Frantz Fanon, B.P.140 Alger-7 Merveilles, Algiers (Algeria)
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
In this work, the structural properties of silicon thins films doped with cerium (Ce) were
studied. The silicon films were prepared with low pressure chemical vapor deposition
technique using NH3/SiH4 mixture. Ce films were obtained by evaporation of Cerium
oxide (CeO2) on Si layers and subsequently annealed within the temperature range of
800-1000 °C in N2 ambient. Structural investigations were performed by Raman
spectrometry experiments and scanning electron microscopy. Energy-dispersive X-ray
spectroscopy (EDX) characterization results confirm the successful insertion of Ce3+ in
the silicon at 900 °C annealing for 1 hour. The results presented in this study indicate
that Silicon doped with cerium is a promising material candidate to the development of a
silicon-based light source, particularly for visible light emitting applications and
photovoltaic solar cells.
Keywords: Cerium; Silicon; evaporation
WEEN
2019
82
Paper ID-172
Ionic liquid braced membranes for CO2 capture
Zufishan Shamair 1, Mazhar Amjad Gillani 2, Asim Laeeq Khan1*
1 Membrane System Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS
University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
2 Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) capture is one of the major industrial operations nowadays
because of its harmful implementation on environment and delivering clean energy
resource. CO2 is separated from flue gasses to reduce the amount of greenhouse gasses
in atmosphere and removed from natural gas to provide clean, low carbon energy. So,
novel cost effective, high performance techniques for carbon capture needed to be
developed and the design of materials with the capacity to efficiently separate CO2 from
other gases is of vital importance. This research is conducted to combine cost and
energy efficient membrane technology with highly selective Ionic Liquids (ILs) for the
selective separation of CO2 from CH4 and N2. It has been reported in literature that
Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes (SILMs) have better performance than conventional
membranes due to presence of ILs having high sorption capacities. A novel IL was
synthesized for SILM based on Benziamdaole and Acetate ions and characterized by
FTIR. The SILM was tested for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 gas mixtures at ambient and room
temperature to determine pure and mixed gas permeability and selectivity. The
incorporation of IL in membranes resulted in enhanced performance of membranes SILM
showed CO2 permeance of 19 GPU and CO2/CH4 selectivity of 37. These results clearly
identify the prominence of IL in membrane technology and potential application for
effective and efficient CO2 separation and it is expected that the synthesized membranes
will play role as efficient separation materials, in particular for flue gas separation,
natural gas purification.
Keywords: SILMS; CO2 Capture; Ionic Liquid
WEEN
2019
83
Paper ID-159
Soil fertilization by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)
Selmani Zakia et Kaci Yahia
Soil Biology Team-LBPO-FSB-USTHB-Algiers
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The aim of this work is to analyse the impact of the inoculation of three auxin-producing
bacterial strains (GAS, OS and HACBD2) on the growth of durum wheat (Triticum durum
L. var. Mohammed Ben Bachir). The obtained results show that GAS and HACBD2 strains
produced a great amount of AIA in the absence of tryptophan with values reaching up to
5.04 and 3.28 μg/mL respectively, whereas, the OS strain produces higher yield in the
presence than absence of tryptophan (0, 96 μg/mL). The comparison of these three
strains on the basis of their ability to produce AIA, show that, GAS strain is the best in
both culture conditions. However, if we compare the productivity of the strains
expressed as AIA/protein ratio, we notice that only the OS strain reaches the highest
value. Inoculation of durum wheat seedlings in pots, by the three bacterial strains GAS,
OS and HACBD2, showed a PGPR effect which was expressed by an increase in seedling
growth parameters, particularly in the presence of HACBD2 and OS strains. A large
production of polysaccharides in inoculated seedlings adherent soil, especially for the
strain OS that produces three times more (137.64 μg/mL) than the strain GAS and twice
more than the strain HACBD2, was noticed compared to controlled seedlings. In
conclusion, PGPR can improve the yields of durum wheat crops directly by having effect
on the plants or indirectly by improving edaphic conditions (aggregation of adhering soil
by polysaccharides).
Keywords: Bacteria; PGPR; AIA; Polysaccharides; Adherent soil
WEEN
2019
84
Paper ID-163
Synthesis and characterization of Fe-Co-O spinel oxides: Application to catalytic
degradation of pollutants
Yasmina Hammiche-Bellal1, Nabila Zouaoui2, Amel Benadda1, Laâldja Meddour-
Boukhobza1*, Amar Djadoun1,3
1 LMCCCO, Faculty of Chemistry, USTHB, BP32 El Alia Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algiers
2 LGRE, University of Upper Alsace, Research Institute Jean-Baptiste Donnet, Muhouse
3 Laboratory of Geophysics, FSTGAT, USTHB BP32 El ALIA Bab Ezzouar 16111, Algiers
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Fe-Co-O spinel oxides, of different molar proportions Fe/Co, were synthesized by the co-
precipitation method using chloride salts as precursors and sodium hydroxide as
precipitating agent. The prepared materials were characterized by the X-ray Diffraction
method DRX, Texture measurements BET/BJH, Temperature Programmed Reduction
technique and SEM-EDS analysis. The samples showed the phase consisting in cubic
spinel with a lattice parameter varying from 8.084 to 8.396 Å and crystallite size
between 7.7 and 19.2 nm. The BET specific surface area measurements showed some
differences; the highest surface area values were obtained for the mixed oxides. The
synthesized powders had a mesoporous structure with a pore distribution depending on
the Fe/Co proportion. The TPR results suggest the presence of four reduction sequences
in the increasing order of temperature respectively for ionic species Co(3+), Co(2+,)
Fe(3+) and Fe(2+). The catalytic activity of the prepared samples was investigated
towards degradation of various pollutants; ethanol as a model molecule of COV, carbon
monoxide as air pollutant, 4-nitrophenol and methylene blue as organic pollutants in
industrial waste water. The cobalt ferrospinel CoFe2O4 was found to be more active than
other oxides in ethanol combustion reactions. However, the reactivity of cobalt spinel
oxide Co3O4 was proved much better than that of the mixed oxides in the reduction of
4-nitrophenol and also in oxidation process of carbon monoxide and methylene blue.
The single oxides Co3O4 and Fe3O4 showed very close efficiencies as catalysts to reduce
4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. The reduction behavior of the prepared samples is
highly dependent on the oxide composition which is directly related to the catalytic
performance. A good correlation can therefore be established between the catalytic
activity and the redox properties; the catalyst which contains easily reducible species is
more reactive.
Keywords: Iron-cobalt; Oxides; Co-precipitation; TPR; Degradation of pollutants
WEEN
2019
85
Paper ID-211
Reorientation of Pakistan's energy policy: Integrated energy planning (IEP)
frameworks implementation and perspectives
Humaira Tabassum1, Aqeel Ahmed Bazmi 2*, Abdul Waheed Bhutto 3,
Muhammad Aslam4
1 Department of Management Science, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore-Pakistan
2 Process and Energy Systems Engineering Research Centre-PRESTIGE, Department of
Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore-Pakistan
3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering and
Technology, Karachi-Pakistan
4 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Lahore-Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Historically overall objective of Pakistan’s Energy policy has been to develop the energy
sector to support enhance the expanding growing economy. 1994 energy policy brought
a decisive shift in Pakistan's diverse energy sources to promote private sector
participation in the power sector of Pakistan. The Pakistan’s diverse energy sources have
been brought to significant paradigm shift due to the implementation of 1994 energy
policy. Power generation policy 2015 recognized the need to transform power sector of
the country into a modern, efficient and resilient system to enhance energy security.
Literature on energy policy suggest that given the multiple policymakers at all levels,
energy policy is complicated and interconnected and in case of Pakistan, disconnect
vision enslaved in country’s energy policies and what is actually occurring in the energy
sector can be attributed in part to persistent shortfalls in implementation performance.
Poor implementation is the reason for current inefficient state of energy sector. This
article reviews significant constraints of Pakistan’s current energy system and paradigms
of energy policies in Pakistan. Article also analyses the energy policy of leading
developed and developing countries. Article also reviews government level energy
modelling efforts made by Pakistan alongside review of the modelling work done by the
researchers on Pakistan’s energy system and simulation studies on energy system of
Pakistan. It is important to view energy options through the lens of trade-offs. Each
energy option is not all good or bad; rather, it is some combination of both. Managing
the upsides and downsides becomes the central challenge for energy decisions.
Keywords: Energy crisis; Energy planning; Energy policy; Pakistan
WEEN
2019
86
Paper ID-176
Effects of saline water on soil salinity under drip irrigation without drainage
system in an arid climate
Jeyid Yacoub Daye1,2*, Bouya Ahmed Mohamed3, Cherif Ahmed Mohamed3,
Mourad Bakkah1, Eby Mohamedou2, Bouabid El Mansouri1
1 Department of Geology, Ibn Tofeil University, Kenitra, Morroco;
2 Department of Agricultural Engineering and Biosystem, Institute of Science and
Technology (ISET) Rosso, Mauritanie;
3 Department of Agricultural Engineering and Biosystem, Institute of Science and
Technology (ISET) Rosso, Mauritanie
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The global shortage of freshwater, more specifically in the arid and semi-arid zone, is
becoming more and more of a problem affecting sustainable agriculture. This is
accompanied by an increase in the salinity level of surface and underground water. The
objective of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of irrigation with different salt
concentration (0.6 control, 3.24, 6.12, and 8.2 dS/m) on soil salinity under a localized
irrigation system. As a crop (Sorghum bicolor) was grown under greenhouse conditions
for nine weeks and then transplanted into four plots P1 to P4, each of which is irrigated
with a different salt concentration level. The different concentrations used come from a
mixture between the water of the Senegal River and that of the Trarza aquifer. During
the experiment several parameters such as soil salinity, parameterized physical soil, and
physicochemical parameter of the water as well as meteorological data of the zone were
taken. The results showed that no accumulation of salt occurred at plot 4 (control). Plots
P2, P3 experienced a lower salt rate than plot 1. Salt accumulation at depth is much
greater in plot 1 than P2 and P3.
Keywords: Soil salinity; Salt water; Arid land; Drip irrigation; Senegal river
WEEN
2019
87
Paper ID-171
Environment friendly membranes for effective and efficient CO2 capture
Nitasha Habib1, Zufishan Shamair1, Nain Tara1, Mazhar Amjad Gilani2,
Muhammad Roil Bilad3, Asim Laeeq Khan1*
1 Membrane System Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS
University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
2 Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
3 Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri
Iskandar, 32610 Perak, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Excessive CO2 emissions have led to increased amount of greenhouse gasses causing
global warming. To mitigate the harmful effects of global warming and to protect the
environment, efficient CO2 capture technologies are direly required. For CO2 capture
mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) propose a cost effective and environment friendly
solution. In this work we incorporate a porous metal organic framework (MOF), NOTT-
300, in CO2 selective Pebax®1657 for CO2 capture. NOTT-300 is a unique MOF having
hydroxyl (-OH) group in its structure which interacts with CO2 molecules enhancing CO2
capture. NOTT-300 was prepared and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Various filler loadings (10, 20, 30 and 40 wt. %) was prepared. The prepared
membranes were characterized using SEM and FTIR. Physical properties of membranes
were also investigated by finding fractional free volume and glass transition
temperature. Pure and binary gas permeation and selectivity was investigated for CO2,
CH4 and N2 at multiple pressure and temperature. Combining CO2-philic properties of
MOF and CO2 selective polymer, improved CO2 capture was observed. In comparison to
neat Pebax membrane, the incorporation of NOTT-300 at 40% filler loading enhanced
the permeability of CO2 by 380%, and selectivity to 68% and 26% for CO2/CH4 and
CO2/N2 respectively. The results proved the promising potential of NOTT-300 as filler
material for MMMs aimed at CO2 capture because of their high porosity and CO2 philic
properties.
Keywords: Membranes technology; MOFs; Pebax; Sustainable gas separation; Carbon
dioxide capture
WEEN
2019
88
Paper ID-147
Biomaterials' potential as coagulants in wastewater treatment
Khelladi Malika1, DEBAB Abdelkader2, Benmoussa Hasnia2, Abaida Meriem2
Bekrentchir Khalida2,
1 Department of Process Engineering, University Abd el Hamid Ibn Badis Mostaganem,
Algeria
2 University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Chemestry-Laboratory of process and
environmental engineering, ustoran, Algeria
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The various uses of water (domestic, industrial, agricultural) cause it to be loaded with
different soluble and insoluble constituents and thus it becomes wastewater that is
generally discharged into the seas or used for irrigation of agricultural land without prior
treatment. The water thus collected in a sewer system appears as a cloudy liquid
containing suspended solid of mineral and organic origin at variable contents. To
eliminate or correct these harmful pollutants, different processes can be used to purify
wastewater. The turbidity of wastewater are due to the presence of suspended particles
called "colloids". Their sedimentation rate is extremely slow. Coagulation and flocculation
are the processes that allow the elimination of colloids. It consists in destabilizing them
by neutralizing the electrostatic repulsion charges, while flocculation facilitates the
formation of aggregates that will be eliminated by settling. The objective of this work is
to highlight the potentials of local biomaterials (cactus seeds and Moringa) as coagulant
in the elimination of the turbidity of the treated wastewater from EL KARMA wastewater
treatment plant located in ORAN. In order to improve the water clarity of the EL-KARMA
wastewater treatment plant, a flocculation coagulation treatment process was developed
in our laboratory. It consists of preparing cactus powder and then adding it in well-
defined concentrations as additives to aluminium sulphate (Al2(SO4)3.18H2O) to treated
wastewater. This process is improved by optimizing factors influencing the treatment
process, such as pH, coagulant concentrations and steering speed.
Keywords: Wastewater; Turbidity; Colloids; Coagulation/flocculation
WEEN
2019
89
Paper ID-202
Recent developments on sewage sludge pyrolysis and its kinetics: resources
recovery, thermogravimetric platforms and innovative prospects
Zeeshan Hameed1, 2, Muhammad Aslam1 Zakir Khan1, 3, Salman Raza2*
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
2 School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and
Technology, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
3 Systems Power and Energy, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow,
G12 8QQ, UK
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Sewage sludge from waste water treatment plants is the only renewable and sustainable
energy resource that can provide higher percentage of carbon C and hydrogen H, thus it
is interesting to process the sewage sludge by pyrolysis process to obtain chemically
valuable products like fuels, heat and power. The main objective of this study review is
to provide an account of critically review the state of the art of the recent advancements
in sewage sludge pyrolysis and its kinetics by using thermogravimetric technique and
kinetics by using associated different kinetic models documented in the literature are
presented extensively., which is under study during recent years. In addition, poly-
generation and resources (bio-oil, biogas and char) recovery from sewage sludge
pyrolysis are discussed. This study will provide the optimum operating conditions and
design parameters to obtain high production and yield of fuels. Finally, state-of-the-art
perspectives along with challenges associated with the full-sale implementation and
practicality are highlighted for biofuels and resources recovery from sewage sludge.
Keywords: Kinetics; Pyrolysis; Resource recovery; Sewage sludge; Thermogravimetric
analysis; Wastewater treatment
WEEN
2019
90
Paper ID-217
Review on green fuel production from non edible seeds of
Azadirachta Indica.A Juss
Awais Bokhari1*, Saira Asif2,
1 Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
2 Department of Botany, PMAS-ARID University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Currently, non-edible seed green fuel is gaining globally attention because non edible
seeds are frequently available in most of the areas, mainly in the wastelands due to
being inappropriate for food crop cultivation. Switching toward the use of non-edible
seeds for green fueling reduces the competition of food market because more area will
be available for the cultivation of crops and food will be exclusively used for the feed
purpose. This paper will explore the potential of Azadirachta indica seed oil, which is
present abundantly in various forest belt of globe, used as a feed stock for green fuel
production. The main advantage of this crop is its high survival potency and can survive
upto 100 years and more and cause no competition with the other food crops. It’s seed
can produce upto 40-50% by weight of oil. Additionally, Azadirachta indica green fuel
has outstanding compatibility with petroleum fuels and also has lubricating abilities.
Moreover, green fuel obtained from the Azadirachta indica oil is through multistep
process has properties equal to the EU and ASTM standards and when mixed with diesel
fuel gives commendable engine performance and emission characteristics comparable to
the diesel.
Keywords: Biofuel; Biodiesel; Energy
WEEN
2019
91
Paper ID-153
Impacts of underground mining of horizontal deposits on the soil and subsoil
environment: Case of the mines of Algeria
Mohamed Laid Boukelloul*, Mohamed Bounouala*
Laboratory of mineral Processing Ressources and Environment,Badji Mokhtar
University,BP12,23000,Algeria
*Corresponding authors: [email protected]; [email protected] (Email)
Underground mines around the world exploited horizontal deposits and weakly inclined
by methods of rooms and pillars, are confronted with the problems of instability of the
overlying lands. The extent of these effects depends on the structure of the bedrock, the
condition of the areas exploited and the layout of the pillars of the mode of exploitation
applied and other natural factors. If safety and technology measures are not taken in
time, for this purpose the environment will be affected. The main objective of this article
is to dimension the geometrical parameters of the abandoned pillars exploitation mode
by application of a Plaxis 2D simulation software for the case of the Chaabet El Hamra-
Algerie mine while characterizing the rock mass on the geological, hydrogeological and
geotechnical plans. The results obtained allowed us to have an optimum extraction rate
ranging from 59 to 70 % with an acceptable stability factor of 1 to 1.53 according to the
international standard and to propose a standard model of rational exploitation by
chambers and pillars for the case of the mine studied.
Keywords: Mines of Algeria; Subsidence; Environment
WEEN
2019
92
Paper ID-210
Transportation energy demand and emissions forecasts for Pakistan: Towards
sustainable transportation and environmental management
Muhammad Asif1, Khanji Harijana, Muhammad Aslam2, Abdul Waheed Bhutto3,
Aqeel Ahmed Bazmi4*
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and
Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Pakistan
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Lahore, Pakistan
3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering & Technology,
Karachi, Pakistan
4 Process & Energy Systems Engineering Center-PRESTIGE, Department of Chemical
Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Transport sector plays a key role for both economic development and national social
development. With exponential industrialization, economic development and accelerated
urbanization, transport demand and its share to total energy expenditure and
greenhouse gases emissions has also been proportionally rising. This study evaluated
energy demands of transport sector and associated greenhouse gas emissions
particularly for Pakistan. In this study, different scenarios were examined using Long-
range Energy Alternative Planning model with the help of vehicular emissions
environmental loading database system available in the tools. By applying different
government policies and strategies, the model estimated best possible strategy that
reduced both current energy demands as well as associated greenhouse gas emissions.
The results revealed that by imposing high custom duty taxes on private vehicles,
purchasing and promoting rapid bus transit system, efficient public transport and mini
buses with the comfortable environment would yield massive impact on minimizing
energy consumption and emissions as compared to the reference scenario. It would
minimize 29% of energy demand in 2035 and mitigate 27% in total environmental
loading (GHG emissions and other emissions), 40% in all other emissions except GHG
and 26% in total GHG (CO2, CH4, N2O) emission gasses compared to base year (2013).
Keywords: Transportation; Environment; Energy demands; Greenhouse gases
emission; LEAP Model
WEEN
2019
93
Paper ID-201
Wastewater as a resource for bioenergy, nutrients and water reuse: Anaerobic
membrane biotechnology as a sustainable solution
Abdul Hanan, Muzamil Nadeem, Azam Hussain, Umair Hassan, Muhammad
Hashim, Muhammad Aslam*
Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Resources recovery form wastewater as one of the most appealing vector for the future
represents attractive avenue in alternative energy and resource recovery research.
Recently, variety of resources recovery pathways has been suggested to improve the key
features of the process. Nevertheless, researches are still needed to overcome remaining
barriers to practical application. Considering practicality aspects, this review emphasized
on anaerobic membrane biotechnology (AnMBRs) for resources recovery for wastewater.
Recent advances and emerging issues associated with resources recovery in AnMBR
technology are critically discussed. Several techniques are highlighted that are aimed at
overcoming these barriers. Finally, environmental and economical potentials along with
future research perspectives are also addressed to drive resources recovery technology
towards practicality and economical-feasibility.
Keywords: Anaerobic membrane bioreactor; nutrient recovery; biogas; biohydrogen;
volatile fatty acids; membrane fouling
WEEN
2019
94
Paper ID-144
Evaluation of equilibrium, kinetics, and mechanism properties of CO2 adsorption
onto the palm kernel shell activated carbon
Nor Adilla Rashidi1, Awais Bokhari2, Suzana Yusup1*
1 Biomass Processing Laboratory, Center of Biofuel Biochemical, Green Technology,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh 31750,
Malaysia
2Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The volumetric adsorption kinetics of carbon dioxide (CO2) onto the synthesized palm
kernel shell activated carbon via single-stage CO2 activation, and commercial Norit®
activated carbon were carried out at an initial pressure of approximately 1 bar at three
different temperatures of 25 50 and 100 oC. The experimental kinetics data were
modelled by using the Lagergren’s pseudo-first order model and pseudo-second order
model. Comparing these two, the non-linear pseudo-second order kinetics model
presented a better fit towards CO2 adsorption for both adsorbents, owing to its closer
coefficient of regression to unity, irrespective of the adsorption temperature. In addition,
kinetics analysis showed that the corresponding kinetics coefficient (rate of adsorption)
of both activated carbons increased with respect to adsorption temperature, and
thereby, indicated higher mobility of CO2 adsorbates at an elevated temperature.
Nevertheless, CO2 adsorption capacity of both activated carbons reduced at elevated
temperatures, which signified exothermic and physical adsorption (physisorption)
behavior. Besides, process exothermicity of both carbonaceous adsorbents can be
corroborated through activation energy (Ea) value, which was deduced from the
Arrhenius plot. Ea values that were in range of 32-38 kJ/moles validated exothermic
adsorption at low pressure and temperature range of 25-100 oC. To gain an insight into
the adsorption process, experimental data were fitted to intra-particle diffusion model
and Boyd’s diffusion model, and findings revealed an involvement of both film diffusion
and intra-particle diffusion during CO2 adsorption process onto the synthesized activated
carbon and commercial activated carbon.
Keywords: Activated carbon; Activation energy; CO2 adsorption; Kinetics; Mechanism;
Volumetric adsorption
WEEN
2019
95
Paper ID-166
Preparation of antifouling mixed matrix membranes comprising of polysulfone
and porous UiO-66, zeolite 4A and their composite (Zeolite 4A@UiO-66) for the
treatment of drinking water
Tanzila Anjum1*, Rahma Tamime1, Asim Laeeq Khan2
1 Department of Environmental Science, Lahore School of Economics, Lahore, Pakistan
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Due to the demand of safe and reliable drinking water and increased regulations, the
trend of using filtration membranes in drinking water treatment process has been
increased. Among polymeric membranes, Polysulfone (PSf) membranes have been used
in drinking water production. These membranes have intrinsic hydrophobic nature which
makes them prone to organic fouling due to the presence of organic matter present in
water. Generally, with the addition of hydrophilic fraction in polymer matrix, water layer
form on membrane surface that don’t allow foulant material to deposit on the membrane
surface and result in reduced fouling. Therefore, this paper reports the development of
high performance mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) comprising of two kinds of porous
fillers; UiO-66 and Zeolite 4A and their composite (Zeolite 4A@UiO-66) with polysulfone
(PSf) polymer matrix. The individual and complimentary effects of nanofillers were
investigated on membrane morphology and performance; pure water flux, humic acid
rejection, static humic acid adsorption and antifouling properties of membranes. All
MMMs exhibited higher hydrophilicity and low static humic acid adsorption than neat PSf
membrane. Pure water flux of MMMs was also higher than neat PSf membrane but the
trade-off between permeability and selectivity was witnessed in the MMMs comprising of
single filler. However, the MMMs with composite nanofillers (PSf/Zeolite4A@UiO-66)
showed no such trade-off and an increase in both permeability and selectivity was
achieved. All MMMs with lower nanofiller loadings (0.5 wt% and 1 wt%) showed
improved flux recovery. PSf/Zeolite4A@UiO-66 (0.5 wt%) membranes showed superior
antifouling properties without sacrificing permeability and selectivity.
Keywords: Mixed matrix membranes; Antifouling; Drinking water treatment; Humic
acid removal
WEEN
2019
96
Paper ID-208
Macroalgae and coal-based biochar as sustainable bioresource reuse for
treatment of textile wastewater
Tahir Fazal1, Abrar Faisal1, Azeem Mushtaq1, Ainy Hafeez1, Fahed Javed1, Amir
Aludin2, Naim Rashid1, Muhammad Aslam1, Muhammad Saif Ur Rehman2*,
Fahad Rehman1*
a Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
b Department of Chemical Engineering, Khawaja Farid University of Engineering and
Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
*Corresponding authors: [email protected]; [email protected] (Email)
Emerging industrial contaminants have recently gained great of concerns as water
pollutants because of their significant effects on human health and ecosystems. Current
conventional wastewater treatment technologies are energy demanding at removing
these contaminants, cost effective approach using biochars-based on natural resources
have recently been recognized as sustainable resource use. This study investigated the
potential of macroalgae and coal-based biochars to treat industrial wastewater. Both real
industrial wastewater and model contaminants were tested to evaluate the comparative
performance of synthesized macroalgae and coal-based biochars. The results showed
that contaminants removal efficiency was achieved more than 90%. Macroalgae-based
biochars were more efficient in contaminants removal than that of coal-based biochars
from industrial wastewater. The maximum biosorption capacities with macroalgae based
biochar were found 353.9 mgg-1 at 303 K. This study demonstrates that macroalgae-
based biochars can be used as a sustainable resource for contaminants removal from
industrial wastewater because of its crystallinity and chemistry with pollutants.
Keywords: Macroalgae; Biochar; Industrial wastewater; Contaminants; Sustainable
bioresource
WEEN
2019
97
Paper ID-208
Synthesis of microalgal biochars and its effect on membrane fouling mitigation
in fluidized bed membrane bioreactor
Muhammad Maaz, Mubbsher Idrees, Muhammad Aslam*
a Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)
In submerged membrane bioreactor to treat wastewater, gas sparging is a traditional
way to mitigate membrane fouling. However, gas sparging requires large operational
cost to run membrane bioreactor (MBR). In this study, different microalgal was
synthesized, and characterized. Moreover, combined effect of different microalgal
biochars in the presence of biocarriers with gas sparging was investigated as an effective
way to control membrane fouling. Comparative study was performed with and without
biochars as well as biocarriers. Microalgal biochar mitigated membrane fouling
significantly. Mechanical cleaning by biocarriers removed inorganic particles. However,
biocarriers was not an effective way to control fouling occurs by colloidal foulants. In
addition, presence of Ca2+ ions further mitigated the membrane fouling in fluidized bed
membrane bioreactor.
Keywords: Macroalgae; Biochar; wastewater; fluidized bed membrane bioreactor
WEEN
2019
98
Paper ID-190
Treatment of car wash station wastewater using waste almond shells as a
resource with ferric chloride and wastewater recycling: Towards sustainable
wastewater management
Asim Waseema, Muhammad Aslamb, Muhammad Masood Khanc*, Zhu Jialongc
a State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350,
China
b Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Lahore, Pakistan
c School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024,
Liaoning, China
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)
In the current work, an investigation was conducted to treat car wash station
wastewater using chemical and physical strategies for recycling. The wastewater
collected from car wash station was characterized in terms of conductivity, pH, total
dissolved solids, oil and grease contents, turbidity, chlorides, sulphates and total
hardness. In physical treatment, waste almond shells were utilized and filter columns of
different depths of almond shell were prepared. The depth of the filter medium was
found to be correlated with the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and
grease. The COD removal efficiency was achieved 51.4% with filter depth of 3 cm, while
6 and 9 cm depth enhanced the removal upto 71.6 and 88.9%, respectively. In contrast,
oil and grease contents removal efficiency was 78.8, 85.5 and 95.6% at almond shell
filter depth of 3, 6 and 9 cm, respectively. In chemical treatment, car wash wastewater
was agitated with different concentrations of ferric chloride for a specific contact period
leading to the flocs formation. The results demonstrated that COD and oil/grease
removal was found to increase, when concentration of ferric chloride was increased. At
higher concentration of 200 mg/L, oil/grease and COD removal efficiency was achieved
to 93.9 and 87.8%, receptively. The comparative analysis of physical and chemical
treatment techniques revealed that treatment with waste almond shell was more
effective for removal of COD, oil and grease from car wash wastewater, providing a
viable solution due to its eco-friendliness, ease of availability and low cost.
Keywords: Wastewater treatment; Car wash wastewater; Almond shell; COD; Oil and
grease
WEEN
2019
99
Paper ID-218
A review on Ricinus communis as feedstock for biodiesel production
Awais Bokhari1, Saira Asif2*,
1 Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
2 Department of Botany, PMAS-ARID University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The use of non-edible plants as an alternate energy source has been gaining global
attention because of their availability in most parts of the world. The present paper aims
at investigating the potential of Ricinus communis oil commonly known as castor oil, as a
promising feedstock for the production of biodiesel. A number of different methods
including transesterification, pyrolysis and hydro processing, have been discussed and
compared for their ability to produce biodiesel using Ricinus communis as feedstock. It is
clear from the present review that transesterification alone is not sufficient.
Transesterification used in combination with other technologies such as catalytic cracking
can lead to high quality fuel products. Thus, Ricinus communis oil can be used as
promising feedstock for biodiesel production.
Keywords: Biodiesel; Biofuel; Energy
WEEN
2019
100
Paper ID-192
Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR): A magnetic approach to wastewater
treatment and application platforms for environmental sustainability
Muhammad Maaz, Mubbsher Idrees, Muhammad Aslam*
a Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)
Water shortage, public health and environmental protection are key motives to treat
wastewater. The widespread adoption of wastewater as a resource depends upon
development of a technology. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology has
gained increasing popularity due to their ability to offset the disadvantages of
conventional treatment technologies. However there are several hurdles, yet to climb
over, for wider spread and scale up of the technology. This paper reviews fundamental
aspects of anaerobic digestion of wastewater, and identifies the challenges and
opportunities to the further development of AnMBRs. Membrane fouling and its
implications are discussed, and strategies to control membrane fouling are proposed.
Novel AnMBR configurations are discussed as an integrated approach to overcome
technology limitations. Energy demand and recovery in AnMBRs is analyzed. Finally key
issues that require urgent attention to facilitate global penetration of AnMBR technology
are highlighted.
Keywords: Anaerobic membrane bioreactor, membrane fouling, energy recovery,
wastewater treatment
WEEN
2019
101
Paper ID-193
Cross-linked acrylic based superabsorbent polymers incorporated with
magnesium oxide nanoparticles: Swelling and antibacterial performance
Hafiz Muhammad Zia ul Noor1, Muhammad Aslam2, Muhammad Masood Khan1*,
Hammad Saulat1, Muhammad Mahmood Khan1, Asim Waseem1
1 School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR
China
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)
Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into superabsorbent copolymer to
investigate absorptivity in aqueous solution and antibacterial activity on gram-negative
Escherichia Coli. Cross linked copolymers of ionic acrylic acid (AA) and non-ionic
acrylamide (AAm) were synthesized in aqueous solution via free radical polymerization
by providing vigorous mixing and heating. MgO nanoparticles were incorporated in
superabsorbent copolymer during polymerization. For all the preparations, degree of
neutralization of acrylic acid was fixed at 75%, amount of cross-linker NN-MBA was 1%
moles of initial monomers and initiator potassium persulfate amount was 150 mg.
Highest absorption of distilled water was 147 g/g at 80% acrylic acid without MgO
nanoparticles content (AA30M). While in 0.9% saline solution, highest absorption
capacity was 39 g/g at 40% acrylamide content (AA10M). Reduction in swelling ability
was observed by increase in magnesium oxide nanoparticles dosage as 121.5 g/g in
AA33M copolymer. However, maximum bactericidal activity was observed for AA33M
with agar plate method and Lysogeny broth medium method via UV-spectrophotometer,
where optical density (OD) 600 was 0.022. It is expected that this study will provide a
viable solution due to its eco friendliness, ease of availability and low cost.
Keywords: Superabsorbent polymers; Nanoparticles; Antibacterial activity; MgO;
Swelling
WEEN
2019
102
Paper ID-205
Deep eutectic solvents: Properties and potential applications in membrane
technology
Manzar Ishaq1, Asim Laeeq Khan1, Muhammad Aslam1*
Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)
Membrane technology is rapidly emerging technology and is expected to perform a
pivotal role in the coming decades. The search of novel additives/fillers for the polymeric
membranes has aligned with the principle research line, which are incorporated to
enhance the membrane performance parameters, i.e., permeability and selectivity. In
this context, ionic liquids (ILs) are recently considered to be the promising choice and
extensively studied as alternative to conventional organic membrane liquids; however, in
spite of many intrinsic advantages, ILs have some serious drawbacks, such as toxicity,
high synthesis cost and high viscosity. Very recently, the deep eutectic solvents (DESs)
emerged as an alternative to ILs that share the benefits of ILs and in addition avoid their
drawbacks mainly from environmental and economic perspectives. The DESs synthesis
from natural and low-cost materials, together with their biodegradability, green nature
and tunable physicochemical properties, make them the most suitable membrane liquids
for sustainable membrane separation processes. Moreover, because of the promising
character of the DESs, these have been employed in many important membrane
separation processes in the recent years. In this review article, the state of the art of the
DESs in these membrane processes is discussed along with the crucial physicochemical
properties of the DESs considering their influence on the separation performance and the
stability of the DES-membrane systems. This aim of this work is to show the potential of
the DESs to replace the ILs in the membrane separation processes by providing an
analysis of the current literature available on DES incorporation in membrane separation
processes, comparing their properties and performance with the ILs and suggesting the
future research areas of DESs in membrane technology.
Keywords: Deep eutectic solvents: Properties; Potential applications, Membrane
technology
WEEN
2019
103
Paper ID-206
Comparative review on passive micromixers: mixing evaluation
Shakhawat Hossain1, Muhammad Aslam2, Sikander Rafiq2, Farrukh Jamil2,
Kwang-Yong Kim3*
1 Department of unmanned vehicle Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of
Korea
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of
Korea
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)
This review quantitatively compares typical passive micromixers. Most review articles
have introduced the development of micromixers with different operating conditions and
sizes by classifying their mixing mechanisms and geometries, without quantitative
comparison. However, for more comprehensive understanding and to provide more
practical information, this work presents a comparative review of 16 typical passive
micromixers with five types of design/mixing mechanisms. The mixing indices were
compared at fixed axial distances in a specific range of Reynolds number. The whole
Reynolds number range was divided into low (Re ≤1), moderate (1 < Re ≤ 40), and high
(Re > 40) sub-ranges, where the mixing mechanisms are different. The best
micromixers in each range were identified. The micromixers with 3D split-and-
recombination designs and two-layer crossing channels showed excellent mixing
performance in all ranges.
Keywords: Passive micromixers; Quantitative comparison; Mixing mechanism; Split-
and-recombination; Serpentine
WEEN
2019
104
Paper ID-194
Metal organic frameworks as adsorbents for hazardous wastewater treatment
Hafsa Khan, Muhammad Yasin, Asim Laeeq Khan, Muhammad Aslam*
Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)
Different strategies such as oxidation, filtration, UV degradation, adsorption, solvent
extraction are used for wastewater treatment. Among these, Adsorption has several
advantages like low cost, environmental friendly, operate at low temperature. However,
low adsorption capacity is a key bottleneck. Recently, metal organic frameworks (MOFs)
gained significant attention as a promising adsorbent for wastewater treatment because
of their outstanding performance. MOFs have microporous structure with high thermal
and mechanical stability. However few studies have exploited their capability to remove
hazardous contaminants from wastewater. This article critically reviews the regeneration
of MOFs based adsorbent, hybrid adsorbent and their processes. Moreover, comparative
evaluation of different MOFs as adsorbents and removal of hazardous contaminants
during wastewater treatment are discussed. Finally, key challenges and potential
perspectives are also highlighted.
Keywords: Metal organic frameworks; wastewater treatment; adsorption; Pollutants
WEEN
2019
105
Paper ID-194
Metal organic framework photocatalytic membrane reactors for water and
wastewater treatment
Bazla Sarwar, Asad Ullah Khan, Muhammad Aslam*
Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)
With an exponential growth of wastewater and industrial pollutants, to drive the
attention towards the water scarcity, removal of potential pollutants used in industrial
processes and reuse wastewater have combined the recent advances to stimulate water
quality control at an unprecedented scale. The removal of hazardous substances from
water and wastewater in an efficient way has drawn considerable social and scientific
concern in recent years. The wastewater can include organic matters and/or different
trace contaminants. Nevertheless, industrial and pharmaceutical contamination needs to
be addressed especially in developing countries. Photocatalytic membrane reactors
(PMRs), a hybrid technology, holds great potential in industrial wastewater treatment in
which physical operation of membrane filtration and degradation of organic pollutants is
achieved by photocatalysis simultaneously. In past few years, PMRs have developed
rapidly and have been the object of sound investigation due to some unique advantages.
However, photocatalytic properties of the photocatalysts are also a major concern in
relation to the water and wastewater treatment, i.e., regarding the photocatalytic
degradation of organic compounds and inorganic pollutants, as well as photocatalytic
disinfection. Recently, photocatalytic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), commonly
recognized as “soft” analogues of zeolites, is a new class of nano-porous materials with
various topologies, adjustable pore size, controllable properties, large surface area, as
well as acceptable thermal stability. Hence, this will cover the potential of MOFs in PMR
in terms of improving permeate quality and reducing membrane fouling due to
photodegradation of pollutants in water and wastewater. The results of membrane
fouling mitigation and photodegradation performance of pure and composite MOFs in
comparison with of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) in PMR will be covered.
Keywords: Metal organic frameworks; Photocatalytic membrane reactors; wastewater
treatment
WEEN
2019
106
Paper ID-196
Synergistic long term temperate-climate nitrogen removal performance in pilot-
scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSSF CW): Toward
sustainable and clean water production
Raana Fahim1, Xiwu Lu1*, Hasan Mahdi1, Muhammad Aslam2*
1 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and
Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)
Human population growth, nutrients enrichment and presence of phytoplanktons
accelerated the threat of eutrophication and pose serious threats for the aquatic
environment. This study investigated the potential of horizontal subsurface-flow
constructed wetland (HSSF CW) operated under different plant regimes for long-term
nitrogen removal to control eutrophication problem. Three mesocosm HSSF CWs were
developed with three species of plants, which were collected from different regions in
order to observe their influence on total nitrogen (TN), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-–N), and
ammonia (NH4+–N) removal. All the plants tested in this study were found to be almost
equally effective for long-term nitrogen removal in HSSF-CW. The results demonstrated
that Mixed vegetation (MV) and Nasturtium officinale (NO-FW) achieved the highest
removal efficiency to some extent for TN, NH4+–N, and NO3
-–N corresponding to 75.7,
88, and 66%, respectively. Among different species of plants, Juncus effuses (JE-SW)
showed little lowest nitrogen removal efficiency than others. The nitrogen removal
performance was observed to be higher in the summer at a higher temperature, which
was lower in winter. Moreover, all plants specifically Nasturtium officinale reach their
maximum growth rate. The present study demonstrates that HSSF-CW provide a
suitable environment for plants growth and utilize the various plant regimes to improve
the long term nitrogen and organic removal to address the eutrophication problem.
Keywords: Metal organic frameworks; Photocatalytic membrane reactors; wastewater
treatment
WEEN
2019
107
Paper ID-178
Bio-MOF-11 Incorporated mixed matrix membranes for efficient gas separation
Zaman Tahir*, Muhammad Aslam, Asim Laeeq Khan
Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding authors: [email protected] (Email)
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are the new class of materials which have attained
substantial interest of researchers. MOFs inherently have outstanding properties
including high surface area, tunable porosity and high thermal and chemical stabilities.
MOFs are extensively employed in a variety of applications such as gas separation,
storage media for gases, adsorbents, catalysis, sensing, drug delivery, thin film devices,
clean energy, luminescence and magnetism. In present work, Bio-MOF-11 was
incorporated to synthesize MMMs using PSf as a polymer. Bio-MOF-11 was synthesized
via solvothermal reaction of adenine and cobalt acetate. The synthesized MOF was
embedded in PSf for membrane fabrication. Bio-MOF-11 has inherently nitrogen-based
cavities for CO2 adsorption over CH4 and N2. Influence of these active sites (nitrogen
rings) in MOF on performance of membranes was studied in this work. The results
revealed superior selectivity, privileged CO2 uptake, and elevated physicochemical
stability due to strong interactions towards CO2.
Keywords: Gas separation, Bio-MOF-11, Metal organic frameworks; Mixed matrix
membranes
WEEN
2019
108
Paper ID-123
Degradation of clopidogrel by Pseudomonas spp. strain isolated from Algerian
wastewater
Zohra Hachaichi-Sadouk1,*; Fedeila, Mourad Fedeila1, Luis Fernando Bautista2
1Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, B.P. 32 El-Alia, 16111 Bab-Ezzouar, Faculty of
Chemistry, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria
2Department of chemical and environmental technology, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/
Tulipan, s/n, 28933 Madrid, Spain
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
For many years, pseudo-persistent organic pollutants (PPOPs), such as pharmaceuticals,
are among the more complex problems that threaten the aquatic environments and
other environmental compartments. Their transformation could depend on
environmental conditions. While the widespread presence of these organic pollutants in
various natural matrices was well documented recently, limited knowledge on their
environmental fate (e.g. persistence and toxicity) is available now. In the present work,
a bacterial strain was isolated from Algerian wastewater; the isolate was grown in
minimal medium of pH 7.0. The biodegradation of clopidogrel was evaluated by High-
Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) (U.S. Pharmacopoeia, 2007). In parallel,
the bacterial growth was followed by measuring the optical density of bacteria at 600
nm. The growth of the strain in the culture medium at temperature of 30 pH 7.0 and
agitation rates of 150 rpm, was able to degrade high amount of clopidogrel. Degradation
of 84.36, 79.65 and 75.23% of the initial clopidogrel quantity (25, 50 and 100 mg L-1,
respectively) was carried out after 96 hours of incubation. In conclusion, these results
show the effectiveness of a bacterial strain studied, it growth in activated sludge can be
less expensive process for the treatment of drugs of clopidogrel family.
Keywords: Activated sludge; Biodegradation; Clopidogrel; Pseudomonas spp.;
wastewater
WEEN
2019
109
Paper ID-199
Energy recovery from municipal solid waste: Current status, challenge and
perspectives
Naila Amin1, Zakir Khan 1, 2, Muhammad Aslam1*
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
2 Systems Power and Energy, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow,
G12 8QQ, UK
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Energy crisis and tremendous availability of Municipal solid waste (MSW) at alarming
rate and its disposal is serious concern of today world. It cause of climate change, heath
hazardous and other environmental issue need to focus on urgent basis. Waste to energy
(WTE) consider as alternative renewable energy potential to recover energy from waste
and reducing globally waste problem. WTE reduced dependence/burden on fossil fuels
for energy generation, waste volumes, environmental and greenhouse gases (GHGs)
emissions. The aim of the review is to evaluating world source of waste generation and
possible route of waste management. Biological, landfill and thermal treatment are
considered but MSW gasification is most cleaning viable and environmental sustainable.
In addition, compare all technologies and its limitation and advantages.
Keywords: Municipal solid waste; Gasification; Waste to energy
WEEN
2019
110
Paper ID-200
Hazardous wastewater treatment with low cost sorbent with in-situ
regeneration using hybrid solar energy-electrochemical system
Muhammad Masood Khan1*, Muhammad Aslam2, Hafiz Muhammad Anwaar
Asghar3, Hammad Saulat1
1 School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning,
China
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
3 Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore,
Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Attentions to treat hazardous industrial wastewater have been gained significant
attention to meet stringent discharge standards and cope with environmental health
consequences caused by carcinogenic contaminants on aquatic life and human beings.
This study investigated the treatment of hazardous industrial wastewater using cost-
effective graphite integrated adsorbent and their electrochemical regeneration integrated
with renewable solar energy. The synthetic industrial wastewater containing crystal
violet dye was treated using an efficient and cost–effective adsorbent having a surface
area of 1.0 m2g-1. The solute removal efficiency was found more than 90%. The
adsorbent regeneration efficiency was achieved to 99.5% by passing a charge of
100 Cg-1 at current density 10 mAcm-1 for 1 h. Solar energy which is a useful renewable
source of energy was integrated with electrochemical reactor for the regeneration of
adsorbent to make the system cost-effective and self-sustainable.
Keywords: Hazardous wastewater; Cost-effective adsorbent; Electrochemical
regeneration; Renewable solar energy
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Paper ID-158
Contribution to the study of the effect of hot microwave-air drying on the
characteristics of a local tomato variety
Bousbia Nabil1, Akretche-Kelfat Soraya2, Salhi Rym3, Nadjem Hamza3, Boudour
Nadia 4, Ait Amar Hamid2
1 Saad Dahleb University of Blida 1
2 Laboratory of Industrial Process Engineering Sciences (LSGPI), Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering and Process Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari
Boumediene (U.S.T.H.B.), P.O. Box 32 El Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar, Algeria
3 Algerian Center for Quality Control and Packaging
4 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, University of Science and
Technology Houari Boumediene (U.S.T.H.B.), P.O. Box 32 El Alia, 16111 Bab Ezzouar,
Algeria
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
A study on the physicochemical characteristics of the tomato powder was carried out;
this tomato powder was obtained with a hybrid hot-microwave air dryer. The objective of
drying a product is to lower its water content so that its water activity is brought to a
value allowing its conservation at ordinary temperature over long periods of time. The
application of microwave energy associated with hot air for the drying of agricultural
products is a good method of approach to the resolution of some problems related to the
use of microwaves alone. There are several vegetable varieties of tomato in Algeria. For
the purposes of this study, a hybrid variety called Nedjma was used. The analyzes
carried out are the humidity, the ash content, the pH, the fat content, the protein
content, the total polyphenols and flavonoids assay, the lycopene assay as well as the
antioxidant power. The results obtained show that tomato powder is a good source of
antioxidants, which is in agreement with those found in the literature.
Keywords: Tomato; Drying; Hot air; Microwaves; Analyzes
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Paper ID-203
Mixed matrix membranes incorporated with sonication-assisted ZIF-8
nanofillers for hazardous wastewater treatment
Mohsin Ali1, 2, Muhammad Aslam1, Amin Khan2, Mazhar Amjad Gilani3, Asim
Laeeq Khan1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
2State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and
Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
3Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus,
Defense Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Attentions to treat hazardous wastewater using Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) have
been increased rapidly to obtain high effluent qualities. MMMs containing zeolitic
imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as filler in polydimethoxysilane (PDMS) matrix were
synthesized. ZIF-8 was prepared using a modified recipe and characterized by different
techniques to evaluate its morphology, thermal stability, surface area, pore volume and
other characteristics. The performance of membranes was evaluated for their application
in industrial dye-stuff wastewater treatment and solvent resistant nanofiltration. The
results demonstrated that increase in the percentage of ZIF-8 loading in PDMS led to
simultaneous increase in the solvent permeability as well as solute rejection from
wastewater. The organic dye rejection was achieved more than 87% with MMMs
incorporated with 20% loading of nanofillers. Rejection of the MMMs was significantly
higher than that of unfilled PDMS membrane due to the effect of reduced polymer
swelling and size exclusion of the nanofillers. Membrane swelling tests with toluene and
isopropanol demonstrated that nanofillers amount has inverse relation with membrane
swelling; implied that nanofillers were in good interaction with polymer and allowed
defect free membranes with higher solute rejections and reduced membrane swelling.
Keywords: Hazardous wastewater; Mixed matrix membrane; ZIF-8 nanofillers; Solvent
resistant nanofiltration; Membrane swelling
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Paper ID-204
Review of wind speed pattern data and wind energy potential in Pakistan
Hammad Saulat1, Muhammad Masood Khan1, Muhammad Aslam2*, Muhammad
Chawla3, Faisal Zafar4, Muhammad Mahmood Khan1, Awais Bokhari2, Aqeel
Ahmed bazmi2*
1 School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024,
Liaoning, China
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Defense Road, Off Raiwind road, Lahore Pakistan
3 State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), Tianjin 300350,
China
3 School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 sebou-ro,
jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
*Corresponding author: [email protected]; [email protected] (Email)
Pakistan is among the top countries facing the energy crisis having different political and
financial issues so it is difficult for Pakistan to move towards green economy than
conventional fuel economy. Pakistan has a potential to produce millions megawatt of
energy and reduce the problem of energy outrage in the country. Pakistan is also
blessed with a huge potential of wind energy having all basic requirement such as windy
regions for harnessing energy. Due to the lack of technical knowledge and financial
resources, not a single grid wind farm install until 2009 in Pakistan but at present time
the condition is getting improved with the installation of many wind farms to produce
electricity. There are some ongoing projects but due to the changing national policies,
future wind energy projects face the major problems in term of investment. This critical
review highlights the steps taken in the past and present to overcome the energy
shortage in Pakistan by employing wind energy. Potential of wind energy and its barriers
in adoption are discussed with some suggestions to overcome these barriers. This article
also covers the recommendations which can help in wind energy development in the
national energy mix. Moreover, future strategies of the government are highlighted to
install more wind farm in Sindh and some other areas of Pakistan.
Keywords: Wind energy; Renewable energy; Wind turbine; Clean energy; Pakistan
WEEN
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Paper ID-197
Anaerobic membrane bioreactors: A brief review on recent advancements
emphasizing on fouling issues
Muhammad Kashif Shahid1*, Ayesha Kashif2, Prangya Ranjan Rout3, Muhammad
Aslam4, Younggyun Choi1, Rajesh Banu J5, Jeong-Hoon Park5, Gopalakrishnan
Kumar7
1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
2 Department of senior health care, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
3 Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
4 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore
Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
5 Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University, Tamilnadu, India
6 Department of Civil Engineering, Anam Campus, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
7 Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of
Stavanger, Norway
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
This review article focuses on the recent developments and modifications in anaerobic
membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) with special focus on fouling issues and antifouling
measures. The low energy consumption, low sludge residual, high volumetric organic
removal rate, complete liquid-solid separation, better effluent quality and the small
footprint make the AnMBR a promising method for the wide-range wastewater
treatment. The fouling mechanism and the antifouling strategies such as membrane
cleaning, membrane modifications and addition of antifouling agents were discussed
briefly. In this paper, a special attention is given to the development of innovative Gas
Separation Membrane Bioreactor (GSMBR) system that bridges cost-effective
membranes and other process parameters towards this topic. The properties,
advantages and drawbacks of gas-separation membranes were discussed with special
focus on BioH2 enrichment. The recent advancements in the particular field and the
future perspectives were highlighted.
Keywords: Wastewater treatment; MBR; Fouling; BioH2; Microbial community
WEEN
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Paper ID-198
Gasification of municipal solid waste blends with biomass for energy production
and resources recovery: Current status, hybrid technologies and innovative
prospects
Zeeshan Hameed1, Zakir Khan1,2, Muhammad Aslam1*
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
2 Systems Power and Energy, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow,
G12 8QQ, UK
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Biomass and municipal solid waste are presently perceived as a most suitable foundation
of renewable energy that should be feasibly used in oil and energy generation without
any discharge of carbon dioxide to the air. This review investigated the characteristics of
diverse types of biomass and municipal solid waste. All these materials are different from
one another in terms of properties and these properties are suitable to utilize these raw
materials in gasification processes. Different type of technologies is being exploited to
change biomasses and wastes into various types of products. All these conversion
methods have their own merits and demerits based on the product solid and properties
of raw material. This review paper also provides an overview of the technological options
such as various types of gasifiers to produce an effective fuel and energy from biomass
and waste. This is a very important task to inspect about which gasifier is suitable to
which type of biomass and waste to be an efficient and feasible option in term of low tar
content and cost. The properties of the biomass and municipal solid waste then, their
operations are significant selection factors to choose the appropriate gasification reactor
arrangement. This review also contains some information about techno-economic and
environmental impact of gasification. Gasification of biomass and waste is most suitable
option to reduce toxic elements and harmful gases for surroundings. For instant, the
ecological influence is not the real issue for limitation of biomass and waste gasification
progress, while a feasible economic return can actually appeal investors and initiate its
commercialization as well as contribute to other practical advancements.
Keywords: Gasification; Municipal solid waste; Biomass; Energy production; Resources
recovery
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Paper ID-104
Removal and recovery of heavy metals (Cr , Ni, Cd) from wastewater by
membrane processes coupling purification-concentration
Fatma Hassaine-Sadi*, Asmaâ Zakmout, Amar Boudaa, Hafsa Bouchabou
Laboratory of Electrochemistry-Corrosion, Metallurgy and Inorganique Chemistry,
Chemical Faculty, University of Sciences and Technology (USTHB), Algiers. (Algeria)
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
The treatment and the industrial sewage valorization are at a time therefore a theme
carrier and unifier for the future a larger research offer and more varied. Heavy metals
are toxic to human beings and organisms. Industrial effluents drawn from different
industries such as dyeing, mining, electroplating, nuclear power operations, aerospace
and battery manufacturing processes are highly contaminated with heavy metal and
create a major environmental problem to their discharge into land. Many studies have
been devoted to utilize agricultural waste such as waste wool, tree barks and organic
extractants to remove and reduce the concentrations of heavy metals in wastewater,
those wastes are considered to be unused resources and many times, present serious
disposal problems. Liquid membrane is considered as low-cost, for treatment waste and
available.
This study primarily focuses on the extraction–reextraction considered to be the most
effective technique for the removal of heavy metals from wastewaters containing
Chromium, Nickel and Cadmium metal ions from aqueous solutions for industrial waste
application.
Study chemical variable (acidity, nature and concentration of the carriers, the time of
transportation) exam permitted to determine the parameters giving the extraction
efficiency and re-extraction optimum. Some performances have been gotten so much to
the level of the extraction that of the reextraction. The coupling required a real
optimization of the set of the parameters. The symmetrical behavior of the two
compartments showed that the extraction - reextraction association permits to achieve
transportation, one counter - transportation and a positive coupling. A chemical
modelization has allowed to identify the transport mechanisms.
This lets predict an industrial application of the process and to hope for broad
applications as well in the field of metalliferous processing liquid waste not very in
charge as in that of the industrial wastes. This also allows an effective protection of the
environment while being profitable.
Keywords: Chromium; Cadmium; Nickel; Membrane process; Wastewater
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Paper ID-219
An assessment of biodiesel production methodologies from Lucky nut (Thevatia
peruviana) seed oil- An overview
Saira Asif1, Awais Bokhari2*
1 Department of Botany, PMAS-ARID University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
2 Chemical Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus,
Pakistan
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Biodiesel has similar engine performance, physical and chemical properties as petroleum
diesel. By looking the commercial prospective, biodiesel can be considered as valuable
alternative to the petroleum fuels. Non-edible feedstocks are gaining worldwide attention
since they are found in many parts of the world. Moreover, they can reduce competition
for food, environment friendly, and produce Glycerol (a useful by-product), and
economically theses feedstocks are more reasonable as compared to edible oils. This
paper investigates the potential of lucky nut seed oil, which is commonly found in
tropical & sub-tropical regions and grows naturally in Asian countries as promising
feedstock for biodiesel production. The main advantage of this plant is, this tree is
drought resistant and poisonous. The oil of Thevetia paruviana is compatible with fossil
fuels and has better lubricant capabilities than other non-edible feedstocks. Biodiesel is
produced from the Thevetia peruviana seed oil through multiple stages i.e., extraction,
transesterification and purification. Biodiesel has the properties in the range of ASTM
standards. However, diesel fuel gives better engine performance and emission
characteristics when blended with biodiesel fuels. Hence, in commercial market, biodiesel
produced from non-edible lucky nut oil could be used as reasonable substitute to fossil
fuel.
Keywords: Biodiesel; Biofuel; Energy
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118
Paper ID-150
Photooxidation of Mg dye in aqueous solution by UV/PS process and ecotoxicity
study
Naima.Mechehoud1*, Chawki Djelloul2, Oualid Hamdaoui3
1 Department of chemistry Faculty Science of Matter, Laboratory of Chemistry of
Materials and Living, Activity and Reactivity, University of Batna 1, Batna 05000, Algeria
2 Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and
Process Engineering, USTHB University, Algeria
3 Department of Engineering and Process, Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,
University of Badji Mokhtar Annaba, Algeria
*Corresponding author: [email protected] (Email)
Recently, advanced oxidation process based on the sulfate radicals (SO4-) has received
growing attention as a promising alternative for the degradation and mineralization of
organic pollutants in water and sediment owing to its advantages of highly stable
reactivity, widely operative range and relatively low cost
In this work, Malachite green is initially treated by UV254 and persulfate activated by
UV254 (UV/PS). The addition of PS facilitated the decomposition of MG due to sulphate
radical formation and notably, the presence of 80 mg PS brought about a nearly
complete mineralization after 25mn. The influence of several parameters such as initial
substrate concentration (7-500) mg.L-1, pH (2-10), temperature (25-65 oC) and initial
oxidant concentration on the degradation of Malachite green was assessed. Additionally,
the impact of natural matrices (seawater and natural waters) on the degradation rate of
this dye was clarified. The degradation of the dye was strongly sensitive to the
operational conditions. The natural matrices enhanced the degradation of the dye.
Keywords: Persulfate; Malachite green; Mineralization
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