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The comprehensive
specification guide tohealthcare environments
The WHITE BOOKHealth sector guide
Appro
ved
b
yRIBA
This publication includes updated information,added since it was last printed.
Last updated 21/03/2014!
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www.british-gypsum.com/health Drywall Academy Tel: 0844 800 1991
Welcome to the WHITE BOOK Health sector guide.
The healthcare sector is currently facing one of its most challenging periods. New technology
systems are changing the way our primary care trusts work, bringing patient information together
across wide geographical gaps. These developments are reinvigorating the NHS and now the biggest
building scheme in NHS history is currently taking shape.
These changes have increased the need for well designed, well equipped, and well located primary
healthcare facilities and are generating a significant increase in construction activity.
The effects of the built environment on a patients health and wellbeing, and the mounting focus
on sustainability, is bringing a new range of complex planning, design and construction challenges
for the NHS, public sector and private companies. Part of the WHITE BOOK series, the WHITE BOOK
Health sector guide provides guidance and solutions that reflect the diversity of care pathways;
Home, Primary, Community, Hospital, Rehabilitation and Residential, theres a solution for every
situation.
There is significant need to future-proof buildings to cope with the challenges of multi-function
multi-occupancy departments, whilst ensuring the facility has a well designed internal environment
to motivate and uplift staff, and encourage rest and recovery in patients.
We hope you find this guide a useful addition to your technical library, but if you need any further
advice please contact our Saint-Gobain Technical Academy.
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1email: [email protected] www.british-gypsum.com/health
Contents
Selecting floors and
ceilingsIntroduction 92Solutions - key systems 93Solutions for concrete floors 94
Dense slab 94Precast concrete planks 95Trapezoidal decking 96
Thermal lining floor systems 97Solutions for timber floors 98Membrane solutions 99Construction details 100
Selecting acousticceilings
Introduction 108Acoustic design for hospitals 108Acoustic guidance for specific areas 109Guidance for plenum access 110HTM 60 performance categories 111Absorption classes 112Ceiling selector guide 112Ceiling systems 113
Gyprex 113Casoprano 113Gyptone 114Rigitone 116
Construction details 118
Encasements -fire protection
Introduction - Design and management 132Fire safety engineering 132Regulations 133Compartmentation 133Glasroc F FIRECASE 134Lining selection 136A/V tables 137Construction details 138
Flanking soundtransmission
Introduction 144Flanking sound transmission 144Air leakage 144Flanking details 145
British Gypsum Project Specification Managers
Regional map and contact details 148
Background and
theoryIntroduction 5Health Technical Memorandum (HTM) 5SpecSure lifetime system warranty 6Acoustics 7Fire prevention and resistance 7Sustainability 8Robustness of design 11GypWall systems 12Protection to partitions and linings 13Fixing to partitions and linings 14Construction details 15Finishes 18Indoor air quality 20
Selectingpartitions
Introduction 26Performance matrix 28Worked examples 30Selecting your partition type 31 Solutions up to Rw 42 dB 32 Solutions up to Rw 47 dB 34 Solutions up to Rw 50 dB 36 Solutions up to Rw 54 dB 38 Solutions up to Rw 59 dB 42
Solutions Rw 60 dB 44Hybrid solutions 46ShaftWall solutions 48Timber stud solutions 49Construction details 50
Mental healthpartitioning
Introduction 60Methods to increase partition performance 60GypWall systems 61GypWall EXTREME 62
Residential mental health partitioning 63Acute mental health partitioning 64Construction details 65
Selectingwall linings
Introduction 70Key systems 701 - External linings 73
Lightweight steel 74Masonry with GypLyner IWL 75Insulated panel systems 76
GypLyner IWL linings 77Masonry with GypLyner UNIVERSAL lining 78Masonry with DriLyner or Thistle plasters 79Timber frame linings 84
2 - Internal linings 86Construction details 87
1 5
6
7
8
2
4
3
3
23
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67
89
105
129
141
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1B
ack
ground
and
theo
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Background
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Background and theory
Introduction 5
SpecSure lifetime system warranty 6
Acoustics 7
Fire prevention and resistance 7
Sustainability 8
Robustness of design 11
GypWall systems 12
Protection to partitions and linings 13
Fixing to partitions and linings 14
Construction details 15
Finishes 18
Indoor air quality 20
4 www.british-gypsum.com/health Drywall Academy Tel: 0844 800 1991
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IntroductionThe changing face of healthcare in the United Kingdom will
place even greater emphasis on the need for estates and
services to provide the capability to meet the clinicians
needs and the patients aspirations in the 21st Century.
A strategic approach to creating the resilience required in
the NHS Estate has prompted a review of the Health
Technical Memorandum (HTM) documents that will provide
the appropriate guidance within nine core subject areas, as
shown in Table 1.1.
As the UKs leading supplier of internal wall and ceiling
systems, British Gypsum is dedicated to the provision of
innovative treatment and care environments that
encourage rest and recovery.
British Gypsum works closely with specifiers, contractors
and clients to ensure that its range of systems provide
consistently high quality environments that offer the best
whole-life value for money.
This guide details a portfolio of drylining systems developed
specifically to meet the requirements of modern healthcare
buildings.
It also takes the specifier through the regulations and
guidance that should be taken into account in order tospecify the appropriate internal solution to meet and
exceed the requirements.
All constructions that feature in this guide have been
extensively tested and have a proven track record in
healthcare buildings. It is important to note that the
system solutions and specifications presented in thisguide are intended for guidance purposes and are
British Gypsums interpretation of regulatory and guidance
requirements. The guide should be read in conjunction with
the Health Technical Memorandums, Health Building Notes,
and Building Regulations Approved Documents (or the
Scottish Technical Standards for Scotland).
This guide includes solutions for:
Internal partitions airborne sound
insulation between spaces, fireresistance and duty ratings
Wall linings sound insulation and
thermal performance
Separating floors and ceilings airborne
and impact sound insulation between
spaces and fire resistance
Acoustic ceilings reverberation time
and acoustic absorption
Encasements fire protection
5email: [email protected] www.british-gypsum.com/health
Source: HTM 08-01 Acoustics
Table 1.1
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SpecSure
Unique to British Gypsum, the SpecSurelifetime system warranty is designed to give youtotal confidence that the systems you have
chosen will meet the most rigorous of buildingrequirements.
All of our systems are developed using thehighest quality components designed to worktogether, and are specially developed to give youa lifetime of confidence.
SpecSure is more than just a performancewarranty. It means that the British Gypsumsystems you specify:
Have a guaranteed lifetime performance.
Have the technical expertise and experience of the
UKs leading drywall specialists behind it.
Have been tested in UKAS-accredited fire, acoustic and
structural test laboratories.
Have been site tested to demonstrate installation
integrity and simplicity.
Will be supported at every stage of the project by the
UKs leading on and off-site technical support
personnel.
Will perform to published parameters throughout the
life of each system.
Will be repaired or replaced by British Gypsum in the
unlikely event of system failure attributed to
unsatisfactory product / system performance.
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Acoustics
Good acoustic design is fundamental to the quality of
healthcare buildings. The control of unwanted noise
improves patient privacy, dignity and sleep patterns; all key
conditions for healing. Good acoustic design also increases
the morale and comfort of healthcare professionals.
This guide was developed in conjunction with the guidance
provided in the Health Technical Memorandum HTM 08-01:
Acoustics. HTM 08-01 covers the acoustic design criteria
that are important for healthcare premises. This guide will
lead you through the acoustic requirements for each
internal element, providing solutions for:
Sound insulation between rooms
Attenuation of external sound to reduce the effects on
the individuals within the building
The control of reverberation through the properties of
acoustically absorptive materials
Each section of this guide will explain the calculation
process to arrive at the acoustic requirement for the specific
building element, according to HTM 08-01. British Gypsum
recommends that a qualified acoustic consultant be
appointed to check all acoustic specifications, details and
calculations made.
For more information on the principles of acoustics, please
refer to HTM 08-01, BS 8233 - The code of practice for sound
insulation and noise reduction for buildings, and the British
Gypsum WHITE BOOK Basic principles section, available todownload from www.british-gypsum.com
Fire prevention and resistance
Healthcare buildings are complex by nature and present
particularly challenging environments when it comes to
fire safety and planning, where patients have a high
dependence on the staff for their wellbeing.
There are about 6,000 fires every year in NHS buildings and
fire safety engineering has to consider a wide range of
environments and uses including large hospitals,ambulatory units, diagnostic and treatment centres etc.
It is necessary to greatly reduce the risk of fires occurring in
healthcare buildings and when a fire does occur, reduce the
risk of it spreading.
Guidance comes from FIRECODE, which has undergone a
review and replacement - under the guidance of the
National Fire Policy Advisory Group (NFPAG) - of existing
HTMs. The new suite of FIRECODES is set out in Table 1.2.
Building Regulations Approved Document B
All new building work in healthcare premises is subject to
approval under the building regulations.
B2: To ensure fire spread over the internal linings of the
buildings is inhibited.
B3: To ensure the stability of buildings in the event of a fire;
to ensure that there is sufficient degree of fire separation
within buildings and between adjoining buildings to inhibit
the unseen spread of fire and smoke in concealed spaces in
buildings.
For Scotland, section 2 of the non-domestic Technical
Handbook is relevant.
Health Technical Memorandum 05-02
Health Technical Memorandum 05-02 came into effect
from April 2007 and is a code of practice that recognises
the special requirements of fire precautions in the design of
healthcare premises. The document provides guidance on
the design of fire precautions in new healthcare buildings
and major extensions to existing healthcare buildings.
7email: [email protected] www.british-gypsum.com/health
The fire resistance and sound insulation performances in
this guide are for imperforate partitions, walls and ceilings
incorporating boards with joints taped and filled, or
skimmed according to British Gypsums recommendations.
The quoted performances are achieved only if British
Gypsum components are used throughout, and the
Companys fixing recommendations are strictly observed.
HTM 05
01 Managing healthcare fire safety
02 Guidance in support of functional provisions
03 Operational provisions
Part A General fire precautions
Part B Fire detection and alarm systems
Part C Texti les and furnishings Part D Commercial enterprises
Part E Escape lifts
Part F Arson prevention
Part G Laboratories
Part H Reducing unwanted fire signals
Part L Fire statistics
Table 1.2 - FIRECODES
Source: HTM 05
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Sustainable design of healthcare buildings
The Government has focused its capital investment in healthcare
buildings on the creation of advanced, eco-efficientbuildings, which allow for significant savings on running
costs as well as a reduced impact on the environment.
British Gypsum recognises that manufacturing and
construction is often perceived to make heavy demands on
the environment. We have committed to minimising our
impact on valuable natural resources, striving to provide
products and systems that enable customers to build in a
more sustainable and responsible way.
Delivering sustainable buildings relies on the balancing of
social, environmental and economic objectives. Our
sustainability programme highlights the importance of
environmental management, it focuses on the conservation
of the environment and natural resources through a
managed programme of waste reduction, pollution
prevention, energy efficiency and the manufacture of
sustainable construction products and systems. Although
environmental management is a key concern our
programme also covers the social and economic pillars of
sustainability.
8 www.british-gypsum.com/health Drywall Academy Tel: 0844 800 1991
Waste hierarchy process
Source: Environment Agency
Material Product
Start here
WASTE
ONLY
Eliminate Reduce Re-use Recycle Dispose
Avoid producingwaste in the
first place
Minimisethe amount
of waste youproduce
Use items asmany times as
possible
Recycle whatyou can only
after youhave re-used it
Dispose ofwhats left in a
responsible way
Waste management
In developing a waste management strategy, the wastehierarchy framework has become the cornerstone for
sustainable waste management, setting out the order in
which options for waste management should be
considered based on environmental impact.
Waste costs are usually calculated based on the costs to
recycle or send to landfill. There are, however, a number of
hidden costs that need to be taken into account including:
Initial material costs
Labour cost to load excess material into the building
Labour cost to remove waste from the building
The total cost of waste is a lot higher than the cost of
removal. As a result, British Gypsum works closely with
customers to eliminate and reduce waste before it entersthe site. Some of the many ways British Gypsum can help
include:
Eliminate: Best practice design assistance at specification
stage, installer training and value engineering.
Reduce: Designing out waste in specifications (see Detail 13 -
Alternative door frame to satisfy BS 5324: Parts 1 & 2: 1992
- Heavy and Severe Dutyon page 49), the use of bespoke
product sizes and on-site technical support.
Re-use: Reduced board types on-site making off-cuts easier
to use.
Recycle: Recycling and reclamation through the
Plasterboard Recycling Service.
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Environmental Management - ISO 14001: 2004
As part of our drive to continuously improve our
performance, we have invested significant resource in
developing environmental management systems;
ISO 14001: 2004 certified to International Organisation for
Standardisation.
In preparation for Integrated Pollution Prevention and
Control regulations in 2006, we developed our
environmental management systems to bring them in line
with the internationally accepted ISO 14001 standard.
In November 2008 British Gypsum became the first plaster
and plasterboard manufacturer to achieve ISO 14001: 2004
certification across all of its manufacturing and mining
sites in the UK.
This certification emphasises the stringent environmental
standards maintained across the business and will enableBritish Gypsum to support customers by clearly
demonstrating its use of sustainable construction products
as advocated by BREEAM, the Code for Sustainable Homes
and the BRE Green Guide.
Part of British Gypsums sustainability strategy is to
optimise the use of recycled and reclaimed raw materials in
the manufacture of products, designing them to minimise
unnecessary waste, and to provide facilities to reclaim and
recycle post-consumer waste.
Recycled content of plasterboard
British Gypsums gypsum-based plasterboards and ceiling
products have a very high recycled content, as detailed
below:
The products are manufactured using gypsum sourced
largely as synthetic DSG (desulphogypsum), a by-product
of the flue gas desulphurisation process at coal-fired
power stations.
Plasterboard is a highly sustainable
product; new plasterboard may
have a recycled content of almost
90% and nearly all plasterboard is90% recyclable after use. As a
result, plasterboard often has the
highest recycled content of any
construction products in new
buildings.
Although the maximum for recycled
plasterboard content into
remanufacture is currently at 18% it
is possible this figure will improve in
the future as new recycling technology
and techniques become available.
The paper liners on ourplasterboards are made from
97% recycled paper and cardboard.
Plasterboard Recycling Service
British Gypsum leads the UK drywall industry in recycling
plasterboard waste, reducing the pressure on landfill and
preserving gypsum reserves. We are the only gypsum
company with dedicated plasterboard recycling facilities in
the UK. The British Gypsum Plasterboard Recycling Serviceis responsible for recycling over 75% of all the plasterboard
waste recycled into new plasterboard in the UK.
We have invested heavily to expand the availability of our
service, which not only significantly reduces waste handling
costs and saves precious raw materials, but also improves
site safety for the contractor through better site
housekeeping.
We have also been instrumental in the development of the
Ashdown Agreement working with the GPDA1 and WRAP2,
delivering a voluntary commitment by UK plasterboardmanufacturers to significantly reduce, and ultimately
eliminate, plasterboard manufacturing waste to landfill.
For more information, please contact the Plasterboard
Recycling Service Customer Service Centre -
T: 0800 6335040.
1 Gypsum Products Development Association.2 Waste Resources Action Programme.
9email: [email protected] www.british-gypsum.com/health
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The Building Research Establishment Environmental
Assessment Method (BREEAM) for Healthcare
This method was created to ensure that construction
projects meet high standards of environmental performance
without prescribing specific designs. BREEAM: healthcare
2008 superseded NEAT as of 1st July 2008 as the recognisedenvironmental assessment tool for healthcare buildings.
All compliance requirements are inspected by BRE licenced
assessors.
BREEAM building assessments are high on the agenda of
the regulatory organisations that have a stakehold interest
in the healthcare sector.
Since 1st July 2008, the Department of Health has required,
as part of the Outline of Business Case approval, that as a
minimum, all new builds achieve Excellent and all
refurbishments achieve Very Good rating under BREEAM:healthcare.
BREEAM: healthcare can be used to assess all healthcare
buildings containing medical facilities, and at different
stages of their lifecycle:
New-build
Major refurbishments
Extensions
Existing buildings in operation
The draft Strategy for Sustainable Construction Consultation
Paper (July 2007) states the long-term objective that 100%
of new-build projects on government estate achieve a BREEAM
rating of EXCELLENT. See Table 1.3 for more information.
Points can be obtained for many of the BREEAM criteria
through the incorporation of British Gypsum systems.
Table 1.4 refers to the same key areas.
10 www.british-gypsum.com/health Drywall Academy Tel: 0844 800 1991
Credit reference Solutions and support Maximum potentialcredits
Man 11 Durable solutions such as GypWall EXTREME 1Ease of maintenance and Thistle Durafinish will improve planned
maintenance cycles
Hea 2 ACTIVairproducts could contribute towards points as part 2Indoor air quality of an indoor an indoor air quality and testing plan
Hea 13 High acoustic performance floor, ceiling and partition systems 2Acoustic performance meeting or exceeding UKAS accredited test data for all systems.the requirements of HTM 08-01 Specification assistance
Ene 1 Air tightness detailing assistance. 15Reduction of CO2 emissions External envelope performance improvement
Mat 1 Green Guide ratings are available on 6Materials specification (major building elements) www.thegreenguide.org.uk
Mat 5 Gyproc plasterboards, Glasroc specialist boards,Thistle plasters 3Responsible sourcing of materials and core products have been certified to BES 6001 Responsible
Sourcing of Construction Products achieving a Very Good British Gypsum is fully ISO 14001:2004 certified across all
mining, manufacturing and central functions
Mat 6 Green Guide ratings for insulation 2Insulation 80% recycled content
Mat 7 Single layer Severe Duty solutions 1
Designing for robustness (GypWall ROBUST and GypWall EXTREME)
Wst 1 Plasterboard Recycling Service 3Construction waste management Reduced waste details
Single board specificationsSource: BREEAM: healthcare 2008 Assessor Manual
BREEAM Score required
rating (Design stage & Post Construction Review)
UNCLASSIFIED
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Robustness of design
Most areas within healthcare buildings, due to their very
nature, are subject to intensive use that can result in
significant damage to the surroundings, whilst regular,
unplanned maintenance can be disruptive to critical areas.
Therefore, when designing internal spaces, the use ofdurable materials has a significant impact on whole life
costs and leads to more predictable maintenance cycles.
The Building Regulations do not specifically detail
requirements for strength and robustness of partitions,
however, according to HTM 56: Partitions, walls should be
capable of meeting the requirements of BS 5234 to the
appropriate duty category.
Performance requirements for partitions
BS 5234 - Partition Grading
BS 5234 comprises two parts Part 1 - Design and
installation requirements, and Part 2 - Specification for
performance requirements for strength and robustness in
relation to end use categories. The standard covers
performance aspects such as stiffness, crowd pressure,
impacts, anchorages and door slamming resistance.
Please note: In order to claim a partition duty, a designated
performance level must be achieved for all elements in the
test see Table 1.5 below for examples of room type in each
category.
All British Gypsum partitioning systems are fully tested to
BS 5234: Part 2: 1992.
GypWall CLASSIC systems, incorporating Gyproc SoundBloc or
Gyproc FireLine, achieve Heavy Duty to BS 5234 using a
single layer 15mm lining. This provides an extremely cost
effective solution for the majority of situations.
Severe Duty can be achieved in a single layer using
GypWall ROBUST, incorporating Gyproc DuraLine. This system
is tried and tested in healthcare facilities throughout the UK.
With whole-life costs increasingly being considered,
GypWall ROBUST offers additional durability over single layer
GypWall CLASSIC systems without the need for additional
board layers.
In 2007, British Gypsum launched GypWall EXTREME, the
ultimate impact resistant partition for use where additionaldurability is required above and beyond Severe Duty. It is
able to cope with the rigours of intensive, high traffic
spaces within healthcare buildings where blockwork has
traditionally been specified.
It is also suited for mental healthcare environments due to
its ability to resist deliberate attack.
Please refer to Section 2 Selecting partitions for specific
solutions to meet duty requirements.
Partition Duty Category Examples
Light Adjacent space only accessible to persons with high incentiveto excercise care. Small chance of accident occurring or of misuse
Medium Adjacent space moderately used, primarily by persons with some incentive Officesto excercise care. Some chance of accident occurring or of misuse
Heavy Adjacent space frequently used by the public and others with little incentive Ancillary circulation areasto excercise care. Chances of accident occurring or of misuse
Severe Adjacent space intensively used by the public and others with little incentive Major circulation areasto excercise care. Prone to vandalism and abnormal rough use
Table 1.5 BS 5234: Part 2: 1992
Source: BS 5234: Part 2
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Severe
Severe plus
Heavy
Key facts
High impact resistance
Fully satisfies BS 5234: Parts 1 and 2 for both strength and robustness
requirements to Severe Duty in a single layer
Single layer solutions can achieve 60 minutes fire resistance to EN standards
Double layer solutions can achieve up to 120 minutes fire resistance to EN
standards
Stud options for additional height
Achieves high levels of sound insulation
Key facts
Range of stud options to match performance requirements
Acoustic stud option for enhanced acoustic performance
Fully satisfies BS 5234: Parts 1 and 2 for both strength and robustness
requirements up to Heavy Duty
30 - 60 minutes fire resistance to BS and EN standards1
Accommodates services within stud cavity
Stud options for additional height
Key facts
Tested far beyond the performance requirements of BS 5234: Part 2: 1992 Severe
Duty (please see Section 3 - Mental health partitioning for more information)
Capable of securing heavy fixings on a single layer without the need for
additional patressing2
Achieves Severe Duty to BS 5234 with a single 12.5mm board lining
Excellent resistance to deliberate attack
Reduces maintenance lifecycle costs
Excellent acoustic performance
Extremely cost effective system combining Gyproc plasterboards and Rigidur H
Hybrid system ideal for corridor applications
GypWall CLASSIC single boarded solutions
GypWall ROBUST single boarded solutions, and GypWall CLASSIC double boarded solutions
GypWall EXTREME and GypWall EXTREME/ROBUST hybrid solutions
GypWall systems for specific Duty requirements
1 Please consider Severe and Severe Plus solutions where additional fire, acoustic or duty
performance is required.
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2 Dependent on fixing and geometry of the object.
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Protection to partitions and linings
Healthcare buildings are intensly used facilities where
patient health and wellbeing are the key priorities. During
daily use, many areas are subjected to glancing blows and
direct impacts from patients, staff and mobile equipment.
HTM 56 states that protection against mechanical damageshould be considered in all areas where the partitions may
be subjected to hard body impact from mobile equipment.
Additional protection above and beyond that provided by
the partition should be designed in, see Table 1.6.
In addition to the guidance set out in HTM 56, HTM 69
Protection contains guidance for the use of design teams
on the avoidance of damage in healthcare buildings.
HTM 69 uses the categories set out in BS 5234: Partitions,
described earlier in this section, and recommends
additional protection for each Duty Rating to protect the
systems used, see Table 1.7.
Please refer to HTM 69 for specific guidance on material
type and typical dimensions of additional protection.
Purpose Type Height Locations
above FFL
Surface Buffer 800mm to Main corridors,
protection rails 1000mm trolley bays,
ward kitchens,
main kitchens,
bedheads
Arris Corner FFL to Areas where
protection guards at least trolleys or heavy
1000mm mobile equipment
are likely to be used
FFL to Areas where high
at least mobile equipment
2000mm e.g. linen trolleys
are likely to be used
Source: HTM 56
Table 1.6 - Additional protection
Table 1.7 - Types of protection according to category of damage risk (HTM 69: Protection)
Light only Medium Duty Heavy Duty Severe and heavy Dutymain corridors
Corner protection
handrail/crash rails
splayed skirting
durable
material
handrail/crash rail
deep skirting
ORdurablematerial
handrail/crash rail
OROR decorativefinish
chair rail
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Fixing to GypWall linings
Introduction
There are a wide variety of fixing devices suitable for
securing fixtures and fittings to British Gypsum systems.
Generally, the choice of individual fixing devices will depend
on the type of system, the loading requirements, and the
general level of use. This section gives recommendations on
the selection of generic devices and proprietary fixings.
When using drylined walls, there is normally a cavity to be
bridged between the boards and the background. The fixing
device should be long enough to allow for this and to
penetrate adequately into the solid wall or background.When timber or metal framed partitions are used, lightweight
fixtures can be made directly to the partition linings.
Medium weight fixtures should be made into the studs, or
to Gypframe 99 FC 50 Fixing Channels. Heavyweight
fixtures (as defined by BS 5234) such as wash basins, wall
cupboards and shelving should be fixed to Gypframe
150 FC 90 Fixing Channels. Gypframe 150 FC 90 Fixing
Channels have been designed to suit Gypframe C Studs,
I Studs, AcouStuds and GypLyner GL1 Lining Channels at
600mm, 400mm or 300mm centres. Tests have shown that
Gypframe 150 FC 90 Fixing Channel can exceed the
requirements of BS 5234: Part 2: 1992 Annex K&L.
A Gypframe Service Support Plate should be used to
provide support to 18mm plywood patresses fitted
between stud centres.
GypWall EXTREME, using Rigidur H, offers additional fixing
strength to reduce the need for patressing. Please see the
Product Data Sheet: Glasroc Rigidur H for commercial
applications for more information, available to download
from www.british-gypsum.com
www.british-gypsum.com/health Drywall Academy Tel: 0844 800 1991
High performance finishes
Thistle Durafinish is a gypsum finish plaster specially
formulated for increased resistance to accidental damage,
enabling significantly improved maintenance cycles and
lower long-term cost in heavy traffic areas of many types
of healthcare buildings.
For more information, please refer to pages 76 and 77,
or the WHITE BOOK Finishing systems and decorative
effects, or the Thistle Durafinish Product Data Sheet,
available to download from www.british-gypsum.com
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Electrical socket box (for installation no higher than standardlight switch level)
Electrical trunking fixture1
3
Construction details
Crash rail fixture2
Wall cupboard fixture4
Folding support rail fixture5 Gypframe Service Support Plate6
2
3
1
Gyproc plasterboard or Glasroc F specialist board
Gypframe C Stud
Electrical trunking
Crash railGypframe channel tabbed, bent and fixed to studs with Gyproc Wafer
Head Drywall Screws
Metal back socket box
Gypframe 150 FC 90 Fixing Channel fixed to studs with Gyproc Wafer
Head Drywall Screws
Wall cupboard
150 x 50mm timber suitably fixed to studs and channelFolding support rail
Gypframe Service Support Plate
18mm plywood
1
23
45
6
7
8
910
11
12
2
7
8
1
2
9
1
10 1
2
11
12
2
4
1
2
5
6
1
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Table 1.8 Example fixing devices and typical safe working loads
System Lightweight fixtures up Lightweight to medium fixtures Medium weight fixtures Medium to heav y fixtures Heavy fixtures
to 3kg (e.g. socket) 4-8kg (e.g. small mirror) 9-20kg (e.g. shelf) 21-50kg (e.g. cupboard) 51-100kg (e.g. basin)
ShaftWall A B or C D, E or I G, H or I K or H
GypWallsystems1
GypLyner IWL
Timber stud A B or C K or D K K
DriLyner A B F L L
GypLyner A B or C D or E J, K or L K or L
UNIVERSAL wall
Reference Typical SWL2 Description Detail
(typical failure load)
A 3kg (12kg) No. 10 woodscrew into Gyproc plasterboard
B 4kg (16kg) Steel picture hook and masonry nail
into Gyproc plasterboard
C 6kg (24kg) Metal self-drive screws into single layer Gyproc plasterboard
8kg (32kg) Metal self-drive screws into double layer G yproc plasterboard
D 12kg (48kg) Steel expanding cavity fixing, e.g. M5 x 40, into Gyproc plasterboard
(board thicknesses up to 12.5mm)
18kg (72kg) Steel expanding cavity fixing, e.g . M5 x 65, into Gyproc plasterboard
(board thicknesses from 15mm to 28mm)
E 19kg (76kg) Gyproc Drywall Screw fixed through Gyproc plasterboard into
0.5mm Gypframe metal stud / Gypframe 99 FC 50 Fixing Channel
F 20kg (140kg) Heavy Duty plastic plug fixed through Gyproc plasterboard
into masonry with 55mm minimum penetration
G 30kg (120kg) Gyproc Jack-Point Screws fixed through Gyproc plasterboard into
minimum 0.9mm Gypframe metal stud / Gypframe 150 FC 90 Fixing Channel
H 50kg (200kg) No. 12 self-tapping screws fixed through Gyproc plasterboard into
minimum 0.9mm Gypframe metal stud / Gypframe 150 FC 90 Fixing Channel
I 40kg (160kg) Steel expanding metal cavity fixing , e.g. M4 x 40, through Gyproc plasterboard into 0.9mm
Gypframe metal stud / Gypframe 150 FC 90 Fixing Channel (board thicknesses up to 12.5mm)
50kg (200kg) Steel expanding metal cavity fixing, e.g. M4 x 65, through Gyproc plasterboard into 0.9mmGypframe metal stud / Gypframe 150 FC 90 Fixing Channel (board thicknesses from 15 to 28mm)
50kg (200kg) Steel expanding metal cavity fixing, e.g. M5 x 65, fixing through Gyproc plasterboard
into plywood supported by Gypframe Service Support Plate
J 60kg (240kg) 8mm steel frame fixing fixed through Gyproc plasterboard into masonry
with minimum 55mm penetration
K 120kg (480kg) No. 12 self-tapping screw fixed through Gyproc plasterboard into
timber sub-frame
L 130kg (520kg) M8 steel bolt / anchor fixed through Gyproc plasterboard into
masonry with minimum 55mm penetration
Fixings
The example fixing devices, typical safe working loads and typical failure loads given in Table 1.8 relate to the installation
of single fixtures. It is important to ensure that the drylining system specified is capable of supporting the loads,
particularly if installing multiple fixtures. For further advice please contact the British Gypsum Drywall Academy.
andtheory
1 For GypWall QUIETSF, ensure that the fixings do not bridge the Gypframe RB1 Resilient Bars, otherwise the acoustic performance may be compromised.2 Safe Working Load (SWL) - a safety factor of 4 (steel fixings) and 7 (plastic fixings) has been used.
For technical assistance on above fixings please contact the fixings manufacturer. The suitability of the fixing must be confirmed by the building designer / fixing manufacturer.Reference can also be made to the Construction Fixing Association (CFA) guidance note Fixing For Plasterboard, which is currently under review by the CFA and can be accessed at www.fixingscfa.co.uk
When specifying a fixing to / through Gyproc ThermaLine laminates, please give consideration to the thickness and compressibility of the insulation to ensure that the fixing used is fit for purpose.
The information within Table 1.8 does not take into consideration any additional forces that may be applied whether it be accidental, abuse or otherwise.
The example fixing devices, typical safe working loads and typical failure loads given in Table 1.8 relate to the installation of single fixtures. It is important to ensure that the drylining
system specified is capable of supporting the loads, particularly if installing multiple fixtures.
NB
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Table 1.9 Example fixing devices and typical safe working loads for GypWall EXTREME
Reference Typical SWL1 Description Detail
(typical failure load)
B 17kg (68kg) Steel picture hook and masonry nail into 12.5mm Rigidur H
18kg (72kg) Steel picture hook and masonry nail into 15mm Rigidur H
M 7kg (49kg) Fischer PD nylon plug and screw into 12.5mm Gyproc WallBoard
10kg (70kg) Fischer PD nylon plug and screw into 1 5mm Gyproc SoundBloc
11kg (77kg) Fischer PD nylon plug into 15mm Gyproc DuraLine
20kg (140kg) Fischer PD nylon plug and screw into 12.5mm or 15mm Rigidur H
N 21kg (147kg) Fischer UX (8 x 50) nylon plug and screw into 12.5mm Rigidur H
27kg (189kg) Fischer UX (8 x 50) nylon plug and screw into 15mm Rigidur H
A 15kg (60kg) No. 10 woodscrew into 12.5mm or 15mm Rigidur H
O 17kg (68kg) Fischer HM8 x 55 steel cavity fixing into 15mm Gyproc SoundBloc
20kg (80kg) Fischer HM8 x 55 steel cavity fixing into 15mm G yproc DuraLine
49kg (196kg) Fischer HM8 x 55 steel cavity fixing into 15mm RigidurH
P 58kg (232kg) Fischer KD6 steel cavity fixing into 12.5mm Rigidur H
74kg (296kg) Fischer KD6 steel cavity fix ing into 1 5mm RigidurH
Additional example fixing devices and typical safe working loads when fixing into Rigidur H (GypWall EXTREME) and including
12.5mm Gyproc WallBoard, 15mm Gyproc SoundBloc and 15mm Gyproc DuraLine for comparison where appropriate, are
shown in the table below:
Background
andtheory
1 Safe Working Load (SWL) - a safety factor of four (steel fixings) and seven (plastic fixings) has been used.
For technical assistance on above fixings please contact the fixings manufacturer. The suitability of the fixing must be confirmed by the building designer / fixing manufacturer.
Reference can also be made to the Construction Fixing Association (CFA) guidance note Fixing For Plasterboard, which is currently under review by the CFA and can be accessed at
www.fixingscfa.co.uk
The information within Table 1.9 does not take into consideration any additional forces that may be applied whether it be accidental, abuse or otherwise.
The example fixing devices, typical safe working loads and typical failure loads given in Table 1.9 relate to the installation of single fixtures. It is important to ensure that the dryliningsystem specified is capable of supporting the loads, particularly if installing multiple fixtures.
NB
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Performance of finishes for partitions
Health Technical Memorandum 56 - Partitions (HTM 56),
section 3, provides six performance categories that relate touser requirements for wall finishes in healthcare buildings,
please see Table 1.10.
10
Impervious able to resist the penetration of water,
solutions containing detergents, disinfectants and
other liquids likely to be encountered in healthcare
buildings.
Jointless without joints, or having joints which are
sealed by methods and materials which make the
whole surface impervious and prevent the collection
of dirt and bacteria in the joint. Smooth no coarser than brush-applied matt
emulsion paint on a flat plastered surface without
projections, indents or holes part-way through the
material.
Moisture resistance:
High humidity 25% to 100% relative humidity
over an air temperature range of 10C to 30C,
and able to withstand sustained contact with
water and water vapour.
Normal humidity 25% to 65% relative humidity
over an air temperature range of 10C to 25C,
and able to withstand intermittent contact with
water and water vapour.
Table 1.11 states the wall finishes required in each of the
categories. The finishes listed are the minimum acceptable
for each of the categories, and options are provided so that
the specifier can consider requirements relating to
durability; resistance to fungal and bacterial attack, and
resistance to cracking and abrasion.
In addition to continued supply, finishes should be selected
on balance considering capital cost as well as maintenance
costs.
British Gypsum products and systems contribute
significantly to the durability of the partition.
Thistle Durafinish is a hardwearing plaster that has been
developed specifically for hardworking buildings, to help
maintain the appearance of finished partitions, and reduce
damage caused by daily use. GypWall ROBUST provides single
layer Severe Duty performance for improved impactresistance. GypWall EXTREME has been developed for
intensely used, high traffic areas and provides an extremely
dense surface that resists gouging, glancing blows and
direct impacts to reduce the risk of unplanned maintenance
and reduce the risk of the partition becoming a harbour for
microbe growth.
Table 1.11 describes the applied finishes required to meet
the criteria in Table 1.10.
Source: HTM 56
Table 1.10 - Performance characteristics
Physical and performance Categories of
characteristics performance of finishes
1 2 3 4 5 6
Impervious
Jointless
Smooth
Moisture resistanceHigh humidity
Normal humidity
Source: HTM 56
Table 1.11 - Wall finishes
Wall finish Categories of
performance of
finishes
1 2 3 4 5 6
Liquid coverings
Epoxy coating
Paint:
Emulsion matt, silk
Oil
Gloss
Semi-gloss, eggshell
Vinyl - gloss
Polyurethane coating
Spray elastomeric vinyl compound
Spray paint (multi-colour) gloss
Flexible pre-formed coverings
Cloth-backed vinyl covering
Paper-backed vinyl
PVC sheet (1mm thick with
welded joints)
Wallpaper
Wallpaper with spongeable surface
Hard pre-formed coveringsCeramic tiles
Cement grouting
Epoxy grouting
Plastic laminate with sealed joints
andtheory
Finishes
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Appendix A of HTM 56 details the requirement by room
type for the specifier.
Acoustic ceilings finishes
HTM 60: Ceilings, provides performance categories relating
to characteristics of a ceiling membrane. Please see Table1.12.
There are six physical characteristics of the soffit, described
below:
Smooth no coarser than a brush-applied matt emulsion
paint on a flat plastered surface without projections,
indents or holes.
Textured a surface other than smooth.
Imperforate without holes through the membrane.
Perforated having a pattern of pre-formed holes into or
through the membrane.
Jointless either having no joints, or having joints whichare completely sealed so that the whole of the finish is
impervious and will prevent the collection of dirt and
bacteria. It is important to note that a jointless ceiling
membrane may be one which uses a lay in grid ceiling
system where each tile is sealed (i.e. mastic) on the rear
of the tile to the grid.
Jointed other than jointless.
There are two performance characteristics relating to
humidity and spread of flame, described below:
Humidity:
Normal humidity: able to withstand 25% - 65% relativehumidity over an air temperature range of 10C to 25C
High humidity: able to withstand 25% - 100% relative
humidity over an air temperature range to 10C to 30C
Surface spread of flame:
The Building Regulations (2000) set out the following
requirements for buildings in Purpose Group 2:
Ceilings of circulation spaces and shafts are required to
be Class 0
Ceilings of all other rooms are required to be not less
than Class 1
Please refer to Section 6 Selecting acoustic ceilings for
solutions by category.
Cleaning regime
The publication National standards of cleanliness for the
NHS, dated April 2001, states cleaning frequencies for
different functional areas.
All British Gypsum acoustic ceilings can be cleaned with adamp cloth and mild detergent. In addition, all Casoprano,
Gyptone and Rigitone ceiling tiles, planks and board
systems can be repainted with any suitable emulsion colour
paint using a short-haired roller, extending the life of the
product almost indefinitely.
Essential requirement Options
Source: HTM 60: Ceilings
Table 1.12 - Physical and performance characteristics
Physical and performance Categories of ceiling
characteristics performance
1 2 3 4 5 6
Soffit:Smooth
Textured
Imperforate
Perforated
Jointless
Jointed
Humidity:
Normal
High
Spread of flame:Class 1
Class 0
Background
andtheory
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Indoor air quality
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andtheory
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Background
andtheory
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Selecti
ng
partitions
Selecting
partitions
2
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Selecting partitions
Introduction 26
Performance matrix 28
Worked examples 30
Selecting your partition type 31
Solutions up to Rw 42 dB 32
Solutions up to Rw 47 dB 34
Solutions up to Rw 50 dB 36
Solutions up to Rw 54 dB 38
Solutions up to Rw 59 dB 42
Solutions Rw 60 dB 44
Hybrid solutions 46
ShaftWall solutions 48
Timber stud solutions 49
Construction details 50
This section will guide you through the calculation
process to arrive at the acoustic requirement for
partitions according to HTM 08-01. Then a number
of worked examples will be provided. Finally,
British Gypsum solutions designed to meet the
various acoustic requirements are presented.
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IntroductionPartitions in healthcare
Treatments and recovery can be disrupted by unwanted
noise through the walls from adjacent spaces. Health
Technical Memorandum 08 01 (HTM 08-01) provides
performance standards in terms of the weighted level
difference DnT,w for the attenuation of airborne sound
transmission between adjoining rooms. These values are
defined by the privacy requirement and noise generation of
the source room and the noise tolerance of the receiving room.
The level differences must be determined in both directions
as one direction may have more stringent performance
criteria. These values can simply be found by using
Figure 2.1 and tracing across to where the two room types
coincide.
The minimum weighted sound level difference between
rooms is quoted in terms of DnT,w. However partition
performances are based on laboratory airborne sound
insulation data measured in terms of sound reduction
index Rw. The following procedure applies a correction
factor to take account of this difference, and can be used to
select an appropriate partition specification.
Determine the minimum weighted standardised
sound level difference between rooms in each direction
from Figure 2.1 on pages 26 and 27.
Calculate the minimum required sound reduction
index Rw using the following formula:
Rw = DnT,w + 10 log S + 12 dB
Where: S = surface area of the separating element
V = volume of the receiving room
HTM 08-01 states for light weight partitions that the
Rw value should be a minimum of 5 dB higher than DnT,weven for very well controlled flanking. To account for less
favourable mounting conditions and flanking noise
transmission, HTM 08-01 recommends the difference
between Rw and DnT,w is at least 7 dB. Higher values may be
required depending on the quality of the flanking details
an acoustic consultant should be appointed to advise in
this respect.
Therefore, the weighted sound reduction index Rw that
HTM 08-01 recommends is used to select the partition from
laboratory test data where there are unfavourable flanking
conditions is:
Rw = DnT,w + 10 log S + 14 dB
Where: S = surface area of the separating element
V = volume of the receiving room
If the receiving room does not have the minimum
absorption area that is equivalent to a Class C absorber
(as defined in BS EN ISO 11654: 1997) covering 80% of the
ceiling area, then a 3 dB correction should be added to the
required weighted sound reduction index of the partition.
If the receiving room satisfies the absorption criteria no
correction factor is applied to the Rw value. For areas usingClass A or B absorbers, less surface area will be required.
Guidance is given in Section 6 Ceilings on how to
determine the lower absorption area.
Therefore the weighted sound reduction index Rw that
HTM 08-01 recommend is used to select the partition from
laboratory test data is:
Rw = DnT,w + 3 + 10 log S + 12 dB
Where: S = surface area of the separating element
V = volume of the receiving room
3 = absorption correction factor
It is not possible to calculate the acoustic requirements by
room type without precise room dimensions. In order to
demonstrate the full calculation, an example based on
typical room combinations is shown on pages 28 - 29.
Using the matrix
The level of sound insulation between spaces is directly
related to the functions of the two adjoining spaces, the
privacy requirement of the source room and their tolerance
to noise being transmitted through the common wall.HTM 08-01 has classified the levels of privacy, activity and
the noise tolerance for each room type found within a
healthcare building. To determine the minimum airborne
sound insulation performance of the common wall, the
ratings are used to find the weighted standardised level
difference DnT,w from a separate table. The activity room
and receiving room levels are then reversed to establish the
more onerous configuration. Figure 2.1 allows weighted
standardised level difference to instantly be found by tracing
across the activity noise and receiving noise room types.
To simplify the process of determining the required Rw valueBritish Gypsum has developed an easy-to-use performance
calculator, which is located in the back cover of this
publication. Simply place the disk in your computer and
follow the guidance instructions to determine the required
Rw for all of the partitions on your healthcare project.
British Gypsum recommends that
a qualified acoustic consultant be
appointed to check all acoustic
specifications, details and
calculations.
1
V
STEP
2STEP
partitions
( )V
( )V
The WHITE BOOKHealth sector guide
Healthcare acoustic calculators
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Selecting
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Figure 2.1PerformanceMatrix
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 42 37
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 47
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 42
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 47
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 42
52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52
52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52
37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 37 37
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 42
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 37 NR NR
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 47
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 47
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 47
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 NR NR
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 42
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 42
37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 37 37
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 42
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 37 37
52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 NR NR
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 37 NR NR
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 42
37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 37 37
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 47
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 42
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 47
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 37 NR NR
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 42
37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 37 37
NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 NR NR
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 47
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 47
42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 42
Minimum DnT,w (dB)
Clinical areas
Public areas
Staff areas
Single bed / on-call room
Multi-bed room
Children and older people (single bed)
Children and older people (multi-bed)
Consulting room
Examination room
Treatment room
Counselling / bereavement room
Interview room
Operating theatre suite
Nurseries
Birthing room
Laboratories
Dirty utility / sluice
Clean utility
Speech and language therapy
Snoezelen / multi-sensory room
Multi-faith / chapel
Corridor (no door)
Atrium
Dining
Toilets (not cubicles)
Waiting (large - > 20 people)
Multi-person office (2 - 4 people)
Open plan office ( 5 people)
Boardroom
Large meeting room (>35m2)
Small meeting room ( 35m2)
Waiting (small - 20 people)
Toilets (not cubicles)
Main kitchen
Ward kitchen, pantry
Storeroom
Rest room
Locker / changing room
Large training / seminar (> 35m2)
Small training / seminar ( 35m2)
Lecture theatre
Library / archiving room
Single person office
NOISETOLERANCEINSOURCEROOM
Singlebed/on-callroom
Multi-bedroom
Childrenandolder
people(singlebed)
Childrenandolder
people(multi-bed)
Consultingroom
Examinationroom
Treatmentroom
Counselling/bereavementroom
Interviewroom
Operatingtheatre
suite
Nurseries
Birthingroom
Clinical areas
partitions
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Key = Avoid room combination
NR = No rating
* = Room number corresponding with acoustic calculator
*
*
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47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
37 37 37 37 37 42 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37
47 42 42 52 52 52 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 47 47 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47
42 37 37 47 47 47 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 37 42 42 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
47 47 47 52 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47
47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47
42 42 42 47 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42
52 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52
52 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52
37 37 37 42 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37
42 NR NR 47 47 47 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 NR 42 42 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42
NR NR NR 37 37 37 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 37 37 NR NR NR NR NR NR
47 47 47 52 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47
47 47 47 52 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47
47 42 42 52 52 52 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 47 47 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47
NR NR NR 42 42 42 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 42 NR NR NR NR NR NR
42 NR NR 47 47 47 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 NR 42 42 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42
42 NR NR 47 47 47 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 NR 42 42 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42
37 37 37 42 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37
42 NR NR 47 47 47 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 NR 42 42 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42
NR NR NR 42 42 42 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 42 NR NR NR NR NR NR
37 37 37 42 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37
52 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 47 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 52
NR NR NR 42 42 42 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 42 NR NR NR NR NR NR
NR NR NR 37 37 37 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 37 37 NR NR NR NR NR NR
42 37 37 47 47 47 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 37 42 42 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42
37 37 37 42 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37
47 42 42 52 52 52 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 47 47 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47
42 42 42 47 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42
47 42 42 52 52 52 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 47 47 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47
NR NR NR 37 37 37 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 37 37 NR NR NR NR NR NR
42 42 42 47 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42
37 37 37 42 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 42 42 37 37 37 37 37 37
NR NR NR 42 42 42 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 42 42 NR NR NR NR NR NR
47 47 47 52 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47
47 42 42 52 52 52 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 42 47 47 52 52 47 47 47 47 47 47
42 42 42 47 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 47 47 42 42 42 42 42 42
Laboratories
Dirtyutility/sluice
Cleanutility
Speechandlangua
getherapy
Snoezelen/multi-
sensoryroom
Multi-faith/chape
l
Corridor(nodoor)
Atrium
Dining
Toilets(notcubicle
s)
Waiting(large->2
0people)
Waiting(small-20people)
Toilets(notcubicle
s)
Mainkitchen
Wardkitchen,pantry
Storeroom
Restroom
Locker/changingroom
Largetraining/seminar(>35m2)
Smalltraining/seminar(35m2)
Lecturetheatre
Library/archiving
room
Singlepersonoffic
e
Multi-personoffice(2-4people)
Openplanoffice(
5people)
Boardroom
Largemeetingroom(>35m2)
Smallmeetingroom(35m2)
NOISE SENSITIVITY OF RECEIVING ROOM
Public areas Staff areas
Selecting
partitions
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
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Determining the Weighted Sound Reduction index for partitions worked examples
The flow diagram below illustrates the process required to determine the weighted sound reduction index (Rw), as quoted
in this document. From the diagram, it is notable that four possible acoustic levels can result from one D nT,w figure in any
one room-to-room combination. This is due to the variables in the equation, which can be determined by the acoustic
consultant involved with the project.
Changing Room to Changing Room
DnTw required = 37 dB
Both rooms have a Class C ceiling covering
at least 80% of the floor area
Common wall area, S = 2.7 x 5 = 13.5m 2
Volume of the receiving room, V = 135m3
Rw = 37 + 10log (13.5/135) + 12
Rw = 39 dB
This assumes the minimum correction of 5 is
applied due to favourable flanking conditions.
Ceiling height 2.7m
Rw = DnTw
CLASS C
CLASS C
= Rw= Rw= Rw= Rw
+ 10log ( ) + 7
+ 10log ( ) + 7
MINIMUM + 5
RECOMMENDED + 7
MINIMUM + 5
RECOMMENDED + 7
10m
5m
10m
Operating Theatre to Toilet
DnTw required = 42 dB
Both rooms have a Class C ceiling covering
at least 80% of the floor area
Common wall area, S = 2.7 x 4 = 10.8m 2
Volume of the receiving room, V = 10.8 x 5.1 = 55.1m 3
Rw = 42 + 10log (10.8/55.1) + 12
Rw = 47 dB
This assumes the minimum correction of 5 is applied due
to favourable flanking conditions.
Ceiling height 2.7m
10m
4m
5.1m
Changing Room to Changing Room
DnTw required = 37 dB
Both rooms have a Class C ceiling covering
at least 80% of the floor area
Common wall area, S = 2.7 x 5 = 13.5m 2
Volume of the receiving room, V = 135m3
Rw = 37 + 3 + 10log (13.5/135) + 12
Rw = 42 dB
This assumes the minimum correction of 5 is applied
due to favourable flanking conditions.
Ceiling height 2.7m
10m
5m
10m
Operating Theatre to Toilet
DnTw required = 42 dB
Both rooms have a Class C ceiling covering
at least 80% of the floor area
Common wall area, S = 2.7 x 4 = 10.8m 2
Volume of the receiving room, V = 10.8 x 5.1 = 55.1m 3
Rw = 42 + 3 + 10log (10.8/55.1) + 12
Rw = 50 dB
This assumes the minimum correction of 5 is applied due
to favourable flanking conditions.
Ceiling height 2.7m
10m
4m
5.1m
It is important to determine the Rw
value inboth directions, considering each room asboth the receiving room and the sourceroom. Once this has been done, the higherof the two values and an appropriatepartition specification can be selected byfollowing the colour coded guidance tabson the next page.
sv
sv
partitions
Toilet to Operating Theatre
DnTw required = 42 dB Both rooms have a Class C ceiling covering
at least 80% of the floor area
Common wall area, S = 2.7 x 4 = 10.8m 2
Volume of the receiving room, V = 10.8 x 10 = 108m 3
Rw = 42 + 10log (10.8/108) + 12
Rw = 44 dB
This assumes the minimum correction of 5 is applied due
to favourable flanking conditions.
Ceiling height 2.7m
10m
4m
5.1m
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Selecting yourpartition type
Up to: Rw 42 dB
Up to: Rw 47 dB
Up to: Rw 50 dB
Up to: Rw 54 dB
Up to: Rw 59 dB
Rw 60 dB
Partitions with doors (e.g. corridors)
A door in a partition, e.g. in a corridor, will significantly
downgrade the partitions performance. HTM 08-01 states
that where there is a door, there is no acoustic benefit in
providing partitions with an Rw higher than 4045 dB,
unless especially high performance doorsets are used.
High acoustic partitions
HTM 08-01 states that planning and layout should avoid
the need for partitions greater than DnT,w 52 dB.
Acoustic variation
The specifications have been banded to guide the specifier
to solutions that have the potential to achieve the
performances in HTM 08-01.
HTM 08-01 2.61 states that additional allowance should be
made for the room dimensions and the area of separatingwall / floor. The implication of this is that a wide range of
Rw performance requirements can result. For this reason,
it is important to calculate on a room-by-room basis.
Consulting Room to Consulting Room
DnTw required = 47 dB
Both rooms have a Class C ceiling coveringat least 80% of the floor area
Common wall area, S = 10.8m2
Volume of the receiving room, V = 36.72m3
Rw = 47 + 10log (10.8/36.72) + 12
Rw = 54 dB
This assumes the minimum correction of 5 is applied
due to favourable flanking conditions.
Ceiling height 2.7m
3.4m
4m
3.4m
Birthing Room to Birthing Room
DnTw required = 52 dB
Both rooms have a Class C ceiling covering
at least 80% of the floor area
Common wall area, S = 12.15m2
Volume of the receiving room, V = 42.53m3
Rw = 52 + 10log (12.15/43.74) + 12
Rw = 59 dB
This assumes the minimum correction of 5 is applied
due to favourable flanking conditions.
Ceiling height 2.7m
3.5m
4.5m
3.5m
Birthing Room to Birthing Room
DnTw required = 52 dB
Both rooms have a Class C ceiling covering
at least 80% of the floor area
Common wall area, S = 12.15m2
Volume of the receiving room, V = 42.53m3
Rw = 52 + 3 + 10log (12.15/43.74) + 12
Rw = 62 dB
This assumes the minimum correction of 5 is applied
due to favourable flanking conditions.
Ceiling height 2.7m
3.5m
4.5m
3.5m
Selecting
partitions
See appropriate colour coded tab referencefor partition specification options
See appropriate colour coded tab referencefor partition specification options
See appropriate colour coded tab referencefor partition specification options
See appropriate colour coded tab referencefor partition specification options
See appropriate colour coded tab referencefor partition specification options
See appropriate colour coded tab referencefor partition specification options
Toilet to Operating Theatre
DnTw required = 42 dB
Both rooms have a Class C ceiling covering
at least 80% of the floor area
Common wall area, S = 2.7 x 4 = 10.8m 2
Volume of the receiving room, V = 10.8 x 10 = 108m 3
Rw = 42 + 3 + 10log (10.8/108) + 12
Rw = 47 dB
This assumes the minimum correction of 5 is applied due
to favourable flanking conditions.
Ceiling height 2.7m
10m
4m
5.1m
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One layer of board each side of Gypframe
70 S 50 C Studs at 600mm centres.
Linings as in table.
Solutions up to Rw 42 dB
One layer of board each side of Gypframe
92 S 50 C Studs at 600mm centres.
Linings as in table.
LI
F
E
T
IME
SYSTEM W
AR
RA
N
T
Y
SPE
CSURE
Table 2.1 - GypWall CLASSIC specification solutions up to Rw 42 dBHeavy
1 The maximum heights quoted are limited by the fire state field of application or by limiting deflection of L/240 at 200 Pa, whichever is the more onerous.2 These systems have an ACTIVairboard option available for VOC control to improve indoor air quality. Alternatively, all systems can be skim finished with
Thistle PureFinish which contains ACTIVairtechnology. Refer to the indoor air quality section in Background and theory.
One layer of board each side of
Gypframe 70 AS 50 AcouStuds at
600mm centres. Linings as in table.
EN BS
EN BS
System Board Available Lining Sound Partition Approx. Max. partition Systemname type with ACTIVair thickness insulation thickness weight height (mm) reference(GypWall) technology2 mm Rw dB mm kg/m
2 BS EN1
30 minutes fire resistance
1 CLASSIC SoundBloc 1 x 15 42 102 26 3800 3800 A206165
60 minutes fire resistance
1 CLASSIC FireLine 1 x 15 37 102 24 3800 3800 A206078
2 CLASSIC FireLine 1 x 15 39 102 24 4000 4000 A206A078
1 CLASSIC SoundBloc F 1 x 15 42 102 27 3800 3800 A206301
2 CLASSIC SoundBloc F 1 x 15 42 102 27 4000 4000 A206A301
3 CLASSIC FireLine 1 x 15 40 124 25 4700 4000 A206265
Rw42dB
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Solutions up to Rw 42 dB L
I
F
E
T
IME
SYSTEM W
AR
RA
N
T
Y
SPE
CSURE
One layer of board each side of Gypframe
70 S 60 C Studs at 600mm centres.
Linings as in table.
Table 2.2 - GypWall ROBUST specification solutions up to Rw 42 dBSevere
Severeplus
EN BS
System Board Available Lining Sound Partition Approx. Max. partition Systemname type with ACTIVair thickness insulation thickness weight height (mm) reference(GypWall) technology2 mm Rw dB mm kg/m
2 BS EN1
60 minutes fire resistance
1 ROBUST DuraLine 1 x 15 42 102 29 4000 4000 Q606043
Please note that Severe plus specifications achieve a minimum of 44 dB. Refer to the next acoustic band
for GypWall EXTREME solutions.
1 The maximum heights quoted are limited by the fire state field of application or by limiting deflection of L/240 at 200 Pa, whichever is the more onerous.2 These systems have an ACTIVairboard option available for VOC control to improve indoor air quality. Alternatively, all systems can be skim finished with
Thistle PureFinish which contains ACTIVairtechnology. Refer to the indoor air quality section in Background and theory.
Selecting
partitions
Upto:
Rw
42dB
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Solutions up to Rw 47 dB L
I
F
E
T
IME
SYSTEM W
AR
RA
N
T
Y
SPE
CSURE
Table 2.3 - GypWall CLASSIC specification solutions up to Rw 47 dBHeavy
1 The maximum heights quoted are limited by the fire state field of application or by limiting deflection of L/240 at 200 Pa, whichever is the more onerous.2 These systems have an ACTIVairboard option available for VOC control to improve indoor air quality. Alternatively, all systems can be skim finished with
Thistle PureFinish which contains ACTIVairtechnology. Refer to the indoor air quality section in Background and theory.
One layer of board each side of Gypframe92 S 50 C Studs at 600mm centres.
Linings as in table.
One layer of board each side of Gypframe92 AS 50 AcouStuds at 600mm centres.
Linings as in table.
One layer of board each side of
Gypframe 70 AS 50 AcouStuds at 600mm
centres. 50mm Isover APR 1200 in the
cavity. Linings as in table.
One layer of board each side of Gypframe70 S 50 C Studs at 600mm centres.
25mm Isover APR 1200 in the cavity.
Linings as in table.
System Board Available Lining Sound Partition Approx. Max. partition Systemname type with ACTIVair thickness insulation thickness weight height (mm) reference(GypWall) technology2 mm Rw dB mm kg/m
2 BS EN1
30 minutes fire resistance
1 CLASSIC SoundBloc 1 x 15 44 124 27 4700 4000 A206261
2 CLASSIC SoundBloc 1 x 15 45 124 27 4900 4000 A206A281
3 CLASSIC SoundBloc 1 x 15 47 102 26 3800 3800 A206197
60 minutes fire resistance
3 CLASSIC FireLine 1 x 15 43 102 24 3800 3800 A206110
4 CLASSIC FireLine 1 x 15 44 102 24 4000 4000 A206A141
3 CLASSIC SoundBlocF
1 x 15 47 102 27 3800 3800 A2063025 CLASSIC FireLine 1 x 15 44 124 25 4700 4000 A206266
1 CLASSIC SoundBloc F 1 x 15 44 124 27 4700 4000 A206305
2 CLASSIC SoundBloc F 1 x 15 45 124 27 4900 4000 A206A305
One layer of board each side of Gypframe
92 S 50 C Studs at 600mm centres.
25mm Isover APR 1200 in the cavity.
Linings as in table.
Rw47dB
EN BS
EN BS
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Solutions up to Rw 47 dB L
I
F
E
T
IME
SYSTEM W
AR
RA
N
T
Y
SPE
CSURE
Table 2.4 - GypWall CLASSIC and ROBUST specification solutions up to Rw 47 dBSevere
One layer of board each side of Gypframe
70 S 60 C Studs at 600mm centres.
Linings as in table.
One layer of board each side of Gypframe
70 S 60 C Studs at 600mm centres.
25mm Isover APR 1200 in the cavity.
Linings as in table.
Two layers of board each side of Gypframe
70 S 50 C Studs at 600mm centres.
Linings as in table.
EN BS
System Board Available Lining Sound Partition Approx. Max. partition Systemname type with ACTIVair thickness insulation thickness weight height (mm) reference(GypWall) technology4 mm Rw dB mm kg/m
2 BS EN1
60 minutes fire resistance
3 CLASSIC WallBoard 2 x 12.5 45 122 35 4600 46002 A206015
5 ROBUST DuraLine 1 x 15 45 124 29 4900 4000 A206A277
2 ROBUST DuraLine 1 x 15 47 102 29 4000 4000 Q606044
4 CLASSIC WallBoard 2 x 12.5 47 122 35 4700 47002 A206A015
90 minutes fire resistance
3 CLASSIC WallBoard 2 x 15 46 132 42 4900 49003 A206016
120 minutes fire resistance
3 CLASSIC FireLine 2 x 12.5 46 122 40 4600 4200 A206079
EN BS
EN BS
Table 2.5 - GypWall EXTREME specification solutions up to Rw 47 dBSevereplus
1 The maximum heights quoted are limited by the fire state field of application or by limiting deflection of L/240 at 200 Pa, whichever is the more onerous.2 These systems have an ACTIVairboard option available for VOC control to improve indoor air quality. Alternatively, all systems can be skim finished with
Thistle PureFinish which contains ACTIVairtechnology. Refer to the indoor air quality section in Background and theory.
EN BS
Two layers of board each side of Gypframe
70 AS 50 AcouStuds at 600mm centres.
Linings as in table.
System Board Available Lining Sound Partition Approx. Max. partition Systemname type with ACTIVair thickness insulation thickness weight height (mm) reference(GypWall) technology2 mm Rw dB mm kg/m
2 BS EN1
30 minutes fire resistance
1 EXTREME Rigidur H 1 x 12.5 44 97 30 3800 3800 X606009
2 EXTREME Rigidur H 1 x 12.5 47 97 30 3800 3800 X606010
One layer of board each side of Gypframe
92 AS 50 AcouStuds at 600mm centres.
Linings as in table.
1 The maximum heights quoted are limited by the fire state field of application or by limiting deflection of L/240 at 200 Pa, whichever is the more onerous.2 30 minutes fire resistance to BS EN 1364-1: 1999.3 60 minutes fire resistance to BS EN 1364-1: 1999.4 These systems have an ACTIVairboard option available for VOC control to improve indoor air quality. Alternatively, all systems can be skim finished with
Thistle PureFinish which contains ACTIVairtechnology. Refer to the indoor air quality section in Background and theory.
Selecting
partitions
Upto:
Rw47dB
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Solutions up to Rw 50 dB
One layer of board each side of Gypframe
92 S 50 C Studs at 600mm centres.25mm Isover APR 1200 in the cavity.
Linings as in table.
One layer of board each side of
Gypframe 92 S 50 C Studs at
600mm centres. 50mm Isover APR
1200 in the cavity. Linings as in table.
Table 2.6 - GypWall CLASSIC specification solutions up to Rw 50 dB
Heavy
1 The maximum heights quoted are limited by the fire state field of application or by limiting deflection of L/240 at 200 Pa, whichever is the more onerous.2 Please see Severe Duty solutions overleaf for 60, 90 and 120 minute fire resistant solutions.3 These systems have an ACTIVairboard option available for VOC control to improve indoor air quality. Alternatively, all systems can be skim finished with
Thistle PureFinish which contains ACTIVairtechnology. Refer to the indoor air quality section in Background and theory.
LI
F
E
T
IME
SYSTEM W
AR
RA
N
T
Y
SPE
CSURE
One layer of board each side of
Gypframe 70 AS 50 AcouStuds.25mm Isover APR 1200 in the cavity.
Linings as in table.
BSEN
BSEN
System Board Available Lining Sound Partition Approx. Max. partition Systemname type with ACTIVair thickness insulation thickness weight height (mm) reference(GypWall) technology3 mm Rw dB mm kg/m
2 BS EN1
30 minutes fire resistance 2
1 CLASSIC SoundBloc 1 x 15 48 102 26 4000 4000 A206A253
2 CLASSIC SoundBloc 1 x 15 49 124 27 4700 4000 A206262
3 CLASSIC SoundBloc 1 x 15 50 124 27 4700 4000 A206263
4 CLASSIC SoundBloc 1 x 15 50 124 27 4900 4000 A206A282
60 minutes fire resistance 2
1 CLASSIC SoundBloc F 1 x 15 48 102 27 4000 4000 A206A302
2 CLASSIC SoundBloc F 1 x 15 49 124 27 4700 4000 A206306
5 CLASSIC SoundBloc F 1 x 15 50 102 27 4000 3000 A206A304
One layer of board each side of
Gypframe 92 AS 50 AcouStuds.
25mm Isover APR 1200 in the cavity.
Linings as in table.
One layer of board each side of
Gypframe 70 AS 50 AcouStuds.
3 x 25mm Isover APR 1200 in the cavity.
Linings as in table
Rw50dB
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Solutions up to Rw 50 dB L
I
F
E
T
IME
SYSTEM W
AR
RA
N
T
Y
SPE
CSURE
Table 2.7 - GypWall CLASSIC and ROBUST specification solutions up to Rw 50 dBSevere
1 The maximum heights quoted are limited by the fire state field of application or by limiting deflection of L/240 at 200 Pa, whichever is the more onerous.2 30 minutes fire resistance to BS EN 1364-7: 1999.3 These systems have an ACTIVairboard option available for VOC control to improve indoor air quality. Alternatively, all systems can be skim finished with
Thistle PureFinish which contains ACTIVairtechnology. Refer to the indoor air quality section in Background and theory.
One layer of board each side of Gypframe 70 S 60
C Studs at 600mm centres. 50mm Isover
APR 1200 in the cavity. Linings as in table.
One layer of board each side of Gypframe 70 S 60
C Studs at 600mm centres. 60mm Isover
ULTIMATE Piano Plus 20 kg/m3 in the cavity.
One layer of board each side of Gypframe 70 S 60
C Studs at 600mm centres. 80mm Isover
Modular Roll in the cavity. Linings as in table.
Two layers of board each side of Gypframe 70 S 50
C Studs at 600mm centres. Linings as in table.
Two layers of board each side of Gypframe 70 S 50
C Studs at 600mm centres. 25mm Isover APR 1200
in the cavity. Linings as in table.
One layer of board each side of Gypframe 92 S 60
C Studs at 600mm centres. 25mm Isover APR 1200
in the cavity. Linings as in table.
System Board Available Lining Sound Partition Approx. Max. partition Systemname type with ACTIVair thickness insulation thickness weight height (mm) reference(GypWall) technology3 mm Rw dB mm kg/m
2 BS EN1
60 minutes fire resistance
7 ROBUST DuraLine 1 x 15 48 102 29 4000 4000 Q606A044
6 ROBUST DuraLine 1 x 15 48 124 29 4900 4000 A206258
5 CLASSIC WallBoard 2 x 12.5 49 122 35 4600 46002 A206047
4 CLASSIC SoundBloc 2 x 12.5 49 122 43 4600 4600 A206166
3 ROBUST DuraLine 1 x 15 50 102 29 4000 4000 Q606047
9 ROBUST DuraLine 1 x 15 50 124 29 4900 4000 A206A278
120 minutes fire resistance
8 CLASSIC FireLine 2 x 12.5 49 49 40 4600 4200 A206A079
Two layers of board each side of Gypframe
70 AS 50 AcouStuds at 600mm centres.
Linings as in table.
One layer of board each side of Gypframe 70 AS 50
AcouStuds at 600mm centres. 25mm Isover
APR 1200 in the cavity. Linings as in table.
Table 2.8 - GypWall EXTREME specification solutions up to Rw 50 dBSevereplus
1 The maximum heights quoted are limited by the fire state field of application or by limiting deflection of L/240 at 200 Pa, whichever is the more onerous.2 These systems have an ACTIVairboard option available for VOC control to improve indoor air quality. Alternatively, all systems can be skim finished with
Thistle PureFinish which contains ACTIVairtechnology. Refer to the indoor air quality section in Background and theory.
EN BS
EN BS
System Board Available Lining Sound Partition Approx. Max. partition Systemname type with ACTIVair thickness insulation thickness weight height (mm) reference(GypWall) technology2 mm Rw dB mm kg/m
2 BS EN1
30 minutes fire resistance
1 EXTREME Rigidur H 1 x 12.5 49 97 30 3800 3800 X606011
60 minutes fire resistance
2 EXTREME Rigidur H 1 x 12.5 49 97 30 3800 3800 X606012
One layer of board each side of Gypframe 92 AS 50
AcouStud