Download - Web Server Administration
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Web Server Administration
Chapter 1The Basics of Server and Web
Server Administration
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Web Server AdministrationOverview
ISP
Public Internet
Internal Users
Web Services
LAN WAN
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Is everything on the Internet a web service?
Officially, where the Internet uses the HTTP protocol, it is called the Web Web servers use HTTP to communicate Web clients are called browsers Browsers have come to offer much
more than HPPT Is it available through a browser?
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Web Services and Applications Include
Web Sites (Static and Dynamic) FTP DNS Email (Now that all email servers
provide web-based clients) Application servers Synchronous communications
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Web server Administration Depending on the size of the
organization, some tasks may be delegated Web page development Database design Programming E-mail administration Security
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Providing Web Services to Users…
1. …requires a applications and protocols
2. These are written in web programming languages
3. If content is dynamic a DBMS is required
4. All of this sits on a platform
5. …connected to the world
6. …and secured by firewalls and access control policies.
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Applications and Protocols Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Web servers implement this protocol Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Used by e-mail servers (and sometimes Web servers) to send e-mail
Post Office Protocol Version 3 (POP3) Used to retrieve e-mail
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) Used to connect to a mail server
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Applications and Protocols File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Transfers files to and from server Domain Name Service (DNS)
Translates host names to IP addresses and IP addresses to host names
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Provides error messages
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Key Protocols Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
Creates a reliable connection between two computers
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Does not establish a connection, just
sends messages Internet Protocol (IP)
Provides addressing scheme
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Web Programming Languages Web server administrators need to
install programming languages Web developers use a variety of
languages Active Server Pages (ASP)
Original language from Microsoft ASP.Net
A newer environment that includes many languages
Java Server Pages (JSP)
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Web Programming Languages
Non-Microsoft languages are popular, even on Microsoft Web servers Perl – one of the first and still popular PHP – easy to use Java Server Pages (JSP) Macromedia ColdFusion
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DBMS A database management system (DBMS)
is used to store data used with Web pages Microsoft Access is appropriate for small sites Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle 9i, and MySQL
are sophisticated DBMSs for larger sites Standard Query Language (SQL) is the
language used to communicate with the DBMS
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What is a Platform? Windows NT (IIS 4)
IIS (Internet Information Server) was added in the mid-1990s, and support for ASP was added later
Windows 2000 (IIS 5) IIS part of the OS from the beginning .NET Framework add-on allows use of
ASP.NET Windows Server 2003 (IIS 6)
.NET Framework integrated into OS
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Other Microsoft Server Products
Application Center Allows you to manage a cluster of servers as if it is one
server Biztalk Server
Connects to your business partners using XML Commerce Server
Builds e-commerce sites in a short amount of time Internet Security and Acceleration Server
Combines a firewall product with a Web cache Operations Manager
Helps decrease support costs for a server environment SharePoint Portal Server
Set up a site that is highly personalized
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Apache on UNIX/Linux UNIX was introduced in 1969 Linux is from the early 1990s
Based on MINIX Three basic components
Kernel – central portion of OS File system – provides input and
output mechanisms Shell – provides user interface
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Apache on Linux
Source code is freely available Developers can make changes
Available from a number of organizations Red Hat Mandrake SuSe
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Connecting Your LAN to the Internet
Your ISP connects to the Internet A WAN connection is used between
your building and the ISP A T-Carrier connection is often
used A digital connection for voice and
data
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Connecting to the Internet
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Common T-Carrier Connections
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Other ways to Connect to the Internet Integrated services digital network (ISDN)
Dial-up access Basic Rate Interface (BRI) up to 128 Kbps Primary Rate Interface (PRI) up to 1.544 Mbps
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) Often differing speeds for uploads and
downloads Depending on type, up to 6.1 Mbps for
downloads and 1.544 Mbps for uploads Cable Modem
Shared access cable provided by cable TV company
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Web Hosting Options Standard hosting
Your site resides on the same computer with many other sites
Cheapest solution Dedicated server
You have a server that only you use Co-location
Your own server is physically located at the company that does your Web hosting
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Establishing Access Control Users need just enough access to do
their jobs, but not more Typically, users are organized into
groups, and groups are given access to network resources
Users can be given different access to the same resources A document can be read by everyone but
modified by only specific people