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Week 7 Nov 11/25-27 (Nov 25)
To Do Today *turn in acetone and lab activity
+ summary *complete Matter vs. Not Matter handout and discuss *Quiz on MSDSWarm Up:On the MSDS diamonds what does red 4 mean and blue 3 mean?
IS Learning Goal:
Homework:None
Fact: The coldest state of matter — Bose-Einstein Condensate superfluid — defies gravity and instead of flowing down, it flows upward. It is astate of matter of a dilute gas of bosons cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero
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1. What does MSDS stand for? __________2. Draw the safety diamond and fill in what
color belongs in which diamond shape.3. What does each color in the diamond represent?4. A number _____ is the least serious and a
number _____ is the most serious.5. What does a red number 1 mean?6. What does a blue number 4 mean?7. What does a yellow 0 mean?8. What does W mean?
MSDS Quiz
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Week 7 Nov 11/25-27 (Nov 26)
To Do Today Notes on Properties and States of Matter *page 25 of notebook
Warm Up:What do you remember about matter? Explain.
IS Learning Goal:
Homework:None
Fact:One inch (2.5cm) of rain is equal to 10 inches (25cm) of snow
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Week 7 Nov 11/25-27 (Nov 26)
To Do Today• Organize notebook• Review puzzle• Complete any missing work
Warm Up:You have about 2 weeks of school left for the 1st semester. Are your grades where you want them?
IS Learning Goal:
Homework:Have a great couple days off. Then 2.5 weeks of school
Fact:Armadillos spend about 80% of their lives asleep
.
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Page 25
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Objectives• Define chemistry• Define matter• Classifying pure substances as elements
or compounds • Describe the characteristics of and
element and compound• Distinguish pure substance from
mixtures• Classify mixtures as solutions,
suspensions, or colloids
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Introduction to Chemistry• Definition:
- study of matter and the changes it undergoes
• Divided into five major areas:- Organic: study of
essential all substances containing carbon
- Inorganic: study of substances that do not contain carbon
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Introduction to Chemistry Cont.
- Analytical: study of the composition of substances
- Physical: study of theories and experiments that describe the behavior of chemicals
- Biochemistry: study of the chemistry of living organisms
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Vocabulary Terms
1. Matter
2. Element
3. Compound
4. Heterogeneous mixture
5. Homogenous mixture
6. Colloids
7. Physical Propertiesa. viscosityb. conductivityc. malleabled. hardnesse. melting point & boiling
point f. density
8. Chemical Propertiesg. flammabilityh. reactivityi. evidence of change
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1. Matter
• Definition
- anything that has mass or takes up space
ex. everything
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Pure Substances• Matter that always has the same
composition
ex. table salt, sugar, sulfur,
- fixed, uniform composition: every sample of a given substance has the same properties
- 2 categories
- elements
ex. H, O, Si, C
- compounds
ex. NaCl, KBr
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Elements• a substance that can
not be broken down into simpler substances
- 119 elements- 88 are found
naturally, about 90%
- others are made
in laboratories
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Compounds• Definition
- a substance made of atoms of more than one element bound together
- unique and different from the elements it contains
ex. Water: (H2O) liquid, clear, non toxic
hydrogen & oxygen
- gas, colorless - gas, colorless
- non toxic - non toxic
- voltile
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Classifying Matter Cont.
• Mixtures
- combination of more than one pure substance
ex. salsa, air, salad, pepper• Two types of mixtures
-2. heterogeneous
- 3. homogenous
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• 2. Heterogeneous mixture
- not uniform in composition- different components can be seen as individual substances
ex: Oj: juice & water, pulp• 2a. Suspension (Heterogeneous)
- mixtures that separate into layers over time- suspended particles settle out of solution or are trapped by filter- larger particles can scatter light: will be cloudy
ex. O.J., sand/water, muddy water
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Classifying Matter Cont.• 3. Homogenous
- substances are so evenly distributed that it is difficult to distinguish one substance from another
-appears to contain only one substance
ex. stainless steel: iron, nickel, chromium
- 3 categories
- solutions, and collides
- based upon the size of the largest particles
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Classifying Matter Cont.
• Solutions (Homogenous) - mixtures that forms when substances dissolve and form a homogenous solution - particles are too small to settle, scatter light, or be trapped
ex. salt water, windshield wiper fluid• 3a. Colloids (Homogeneous)
- mixtures that contain some particles that are intermediate in size between the small particles in a solution and the larger particles in a suspension- do not separate into layers
ex. homogenized milk vs. cow’s milk, fog
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Properties of Matter• Two types of properties
- chemical and physical• Which ones do you think are physical
properties?Evolution of a gas:
Color Change:
Cutting: Chemical
Physical
Chemical
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4. Physical Properties of Matter• Definition
- a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance
ex. viscosity, conductivity, malleability, melting point, boiling point
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Physical Properties of Matter
• 4a. Viscosity
- the tendency of a liquid to keep from flowing
- the greater the viscosity, the slower the liquid moves
ex. oil vs. honey
- 4b. Conductivity
- materials ability to allow heat to flow
ex. metal vs. wood
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Physical Properties of Matter• 4c. Malleability
- ability of a solid to be hammered without shattering
ex. silver vs. glass• 4d. Hardness
- can be compared by examining which object scratched
ex. knife against copper sheet
copper sheet will scratch
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardness
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Physical Properties of Matter• 4e. Melting/Boiling points -
http://www.gcsescience.com/imeltcomplz.htm
- Melting pt.: temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to liquid
ex. ice cube at room temperature
- Boiling Pt.: temperature at which a substance boils
ex. water boils at 100o C• 4f. Density
- the ratio of a materials mass to its volume
- D= M/V
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5. Chemical Properties of Matter• Definition
- any ability to produce a change in the composition of matter
- can only be observed when the substances in a sample of matter are changing into a different substance
• 5a. Flammability
- material’s ability to burn in the presence of oxygen
ex. newspaper, gasoline
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Chemical Properties of Matter Cont.
• 5b. Reactivity - http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=reactivity&view=detail&mid=A0EE426D8F77510A01DCA0EE426D8F77510A01DC&first=0
- describes how readily a substance combines chemically with other substances
ex. iron turns to rust in the presence of
oxygen
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Chemical Changes Cont.• How do you know if a chemical
changed occurred?
- look for evidence• 5c. Evidence of a chemical change
- the evolution of a gas
- the formation of a precipitate
- the evolution or absorption of heat
- emission of light
- color change in the reaction system
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Chemical vs. Physical Change• How do you know if it’s a physical
or chemical change?
- can be very tricky, they will both change some of the substances attributes
- a chemical change will produce a new substance
ex. burning paper