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Welcome to The Business Case for
Passenger Rail Symposium
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Pat & Kris Larkin
Proprietors
The Lark Inn
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Chris Larson
President & CEO
Larson Binkley
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The Business Case for Passenger RailChris Larson, President
Larson Binkley, Inc.
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The Northern Flyer Alliance, Inc.
What is it?
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Kansas City-Fort WorthIntercity Passenger Rail Initiative
What is it?
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Amtrak National Network Over 500 Stops – 46 States – 22,000 Miles
Service Gap
Pop. Kansas City 2 Million
Pop. DFW 6.3 Million
8
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1. N
ewto
n –F
ort W
orth
Late Evening -
Early Morning
through the Gap
SW Chief ConnectionsNewton
3:01 AM 3:25 AM
Texas Eagle Connections
2:40 PM 2:20 PM
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2
. K
ansa
s C
ity –
For
t W
orth
Afternoon through the Gap
Afternoon through the Gap
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3.
Kan
sas
City
– F
ort
Wor
th
Afternoon through the Gap
Afternoon through the Gap
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Kansas City-Fort WorthIntercity Passenger Rail Initiative
What can a passenger train do for this region?
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My Business Travel Story
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Three day trip Expenses To (hrs)
From (hrs) Arrival
Work time (hrs)
Billable hours ($200 per
hour) Net Billable
Billable hours ($125 per
hour) Net Billable
Car $550.00 10.0 10.0 4:00 PM 8 $1,600.00 $1,050.00 $1,000.00 $450.00
Airline $715.00 4.6 4.6 Noon 11 $2,200.00 $1,485.00 $1,375.00 $660.00
Train $397.50 12.0 12.0 7:00 PM 18 $3,600.00 $3,202.50 $2,250.00 $1,852.50
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Rating 0-10 with 10
being best SafetyWeather Impact Comfort
Travel Value
Average
Car 5 3 5 4
Airline 7 3 3 4
Train 8 9 7 8
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Clearly the advantage goes to rail travel
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Why Have Rail for Business?
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Economic – Energy – Environmental
• 3.2:1 - 4.5:1 Economic Benefit
• Productive, Safe, Easy, Weather Resistant Travel
• New opportunities for construction along rail corridor
• More Interstate commerce
• Overall transportation fuel consumption reduction keeping fuel prices lower, resulting in more disposable
income….
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Need Passenger Rail be profitable?
Myth: Amtrak is unique in operating in the red, at taxpayer’s expense.
Fact: All transportation is subsidized by American taxpayers.
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What about Highways and Airports?
Myth: Highways and Airports pay for themselves through user fees.
Fact: Generally, highways cover only 51% of total associated costs through user fees.
Fact: The past 5 years have seen an alarming increase in general fund support of FAA
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NEXT Steps
Contact your state and federal Representative Tell them they need to support trains!
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Joe Szabo
Administrator
Federal Railroad Administration
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Derrick James
Director, Government Affairs – Central
Amtrak
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An Overview of Amtrak
Derrick James
Director, Government Affairs - Central
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Amtrak 101 – basic company and system statistics
• We operate a 21,200 mile system– More than 300 daily trains– More than 500 stations– More than half our daily trains reach 100mph– 70% of our train-miles are run on track owned by other railroads
(mostly large freight railroads)
• We carried 30.2 million riders in FY 2011 – a record, the 8th in 9 years
• Amtrak generated total of $2.5 billion in revenues in FY 10 (incl. ancillary business)
– Covered 85% of operating cost (heavy rail passenger carriers in the U.S. typically fall into the 40-60% range)
– Our FY 11 farebox recovery was 79% - one of the highest in North America
• Federal funding for Amtrak will total slightly more than $1.418 billion in FY 2012
– Decrease over FY2011 of about $60 million– $466 million for operating expenses– $952 million for capital investment and debt service
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Major investments over the last three years
• ARRA-funded infrastructure improvements
– Amtrak ($1.3 billion)- Equipment- Infrastructure
– State-supported service (HSIPR grant program)
• Fleet replacement
– Long Distance Single Level (LDSL) cars
– Electric locomotives
– Acela coaches
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Setting the stage for the future
• New services in 2012
– 110mph service in Michigan, west of Kalamazoo
– Downeaster extension from Portland to Brunswick
– Northeast Regional service from Richmond to Norfolk
• Major line acquisitions
– Poughkeepsie to Albany (94 miles)
– Kalamazoo to Dearborn (135 miles)
• Strategic plan and organizational realignment
• Stair steps to high speed rail
This has been a foundational period- and the investments we’re making willlay the groundwork for the next generation of passenger rail service
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The ridership picture
Amtrak Ridership, 2000-2011
20,000,000
22,000,000
24,000,000
26,000,000
28,000,000
30,000,000
32,000,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Fiscal Year
To
tal R
ide
rs Ridership today is
44% higher than in 2000
• Growth is across the board – not just one segment of our business:– Best year for Northeast Regionals, second-best year for Acela
– 20 of 27 state-supported routes set ridership records
– 4 of 15 long distance routes set ridership records- Capitol Limited- Southwest Chief- Texas Eagle- Auto Train
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Federal support helped us invest in our system
• American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) provided $1.3B for Amtrak
– $850M for Amtrak system
– $450M for safety and security improvements
– Created equivalent of 1,184 jobs at Amtrak
• Provided for a range of needs:– Returned stored and wreck-damaged
equipment to service
– Station accessibility
– Safety and security
– PTC installation
– System capital needs- Maintenance facilities- Stations- Other rail infrastructure
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Investing in our system
• Capital investment– New and refurbished stations– Replaced one drawbridge at Niantic, CT and numerous
fixed bridges in the Northeast– Major improvements to enhance all-weather service in
Chicago– Major maintenance facility improvements in Chicago,
Seattle, Los Angeles, Hialeah, Washington, New York, and Boston
• Equipment returned to service:– 15 P-40 locomotives– 21 long distance cars – 60 Amfleet cars
• Accessibility improvements– Raised percentage of stations with barrier-free access from
74% to 90%– New wheelchair lifts installed at 176 stations
After
Before
After
Before
Without ARRA, it would have taken years – if not decades – tofinish these projects
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Fleet replacement strategy
• First tranche of procurements will address most pressing needs/opportunities:
– Replace 60 year old Heritage cars
– Replace 30 year old electric locomotives
– Purchase additional cars for Acela (projected financial impact ~$100M)- Proposals received in February, evaluation ongoing
- Expect to issue Notice to Proceed in July
• Fleet plan provides for future procurements
– Third annual update just completed
– Envision bi-level fleet replacement in the 2018-2022 timeframe
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New technologies
• Wi-fi
– 2010: Acela Express and Cascades
– 2011: Eastern and Western corridor services
– Planned 2012: Piedmont, Chicago-St. Louis, others as funding available
• eTicketing
– Downeaster and Auto-Train pilots complete
– Last round of pilots have begun- Conductor training underway- City of New Orleans starts March 15- Capitol Corridor and San Joaquin start April 15
– Nationwide deployment starts late summer
Anticipated annual ticket revenue impact should exceed $20M for wi-fi and another $20M for eTicketing
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The Midwest Regional Rail Initiative
• Link Midwestern states to promote growth
• Use existing rail rights-of-way
• A “hub-and-spoke” system
• Introduction of state-of-the-art train equipment operating at speeds up to 110 mph
– WiFi access– Food service– Power outlets at each seat– Roll-on bikes
• In addition to current routes, provide rail service to Midwest areas not presently served by passenger rail
• Modernized stations and facilities7 of 8 MWRRI States are included in the National HSR Corridor System
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Chicago-St. Louis corridor
• HSIPR program provides $1.142 billion to upgrade line for 110mph service:
– Improve tracks, signals, road crossings
– Install Positive Train Control
– Plan studies for additional service enhancements
• Work ongoing between St. Louis and Dwight
• First test trains planned for late 2012
• Eventual increase to eight round trip frequencies per day on Chicago-St. Louis corridor
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• Amtrak currently owns Porter-Kalamazoo segment
• State negotiating to buy NS-owned line
• Planned Federal investment in this route (including Chicago-Porter, Indiana and Englewood Flyover) in the vicinity of $600 million
• We have a strong partner in the state of Michigan
– Since 1990, state has invested about $65M in equipment and infrastructure
– This is the opportunity of a lifetime
Amtrak Lines in Michigan and adjacent states
Wolverine serviceOther Amtrak services
Amtrak’s Michigan Line
Amtrak-ownedAmtrak-owned
NS-ownedNS-owned
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Improving the Michigan Line
• Speeds on Amtrak-owned segment just advanced to 110 mph
• State negotiating to acquire 135 mile Kalamazoo-Dearborn segment
• Incremental upgrades will eventually raise 77% of route to 110mph, cutting trip times by thirty minutes
– Currently 5:30 from Chicago to Detroit
– 3:00 Chicago-Battle Creek
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A strategy for high speed rail
Acela Capacity Increases 40%
Acela II Fleet Doubles Capacity
NEC 160 mph MAS: NYC to WAS
NEC Gateway: Newark to NYC
NextGen HSR: NYC to WAS
NextGen HSR: NYC to BOS
NEC-UP(Upgrade Program)
160 MPH MAS
NextGen HSR
220 MPH MAS
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Modernizing our company and our processes
• Modernizing our processes and our relationships
• Partnering with labor
• Implementing modern business processes
– High-Performance Organization
– Lean Six Sigma
• Aligning the business
– Reorganizing along business lines
– Flattening our structure
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Some of our very best years lie ahead
• These are foundational years – and we’re setting the stage for the next level of development
– Infrastructure improvements
– Fleet replacement
– Facilities upgrades
– Service improvements and extensions
– Organizational modernization
• When we’re done with this current round of investments, we’ll be positioned for
– Nationwide corridor development
– Major capital investments
– Higher speeds in the Northeast and Midwest
Through the end of this decade, we will be delivering big projectson an annual basis
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Dennis Slimmer
Bureau Chief of Transportation Planning
Kansas Department of Transportation
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Expanded Passenger Rail
Service in Kansas,
Oklahoma, and Texas
April 6, 2012
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Recent History of Passenger Rail Initiative
• Amtrak Feasibility Study completed in March 2010
• Service Development Plan (SDP) completed in November 2011
• SDP Posted on KDOT’s passenger rail web page– http://www.ksdot.org/PDF_Files/PDF-Passeng
er-Rail-SDP.pdf
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Work on the SDP
• Report prepared jointly for KDOT and OKDOT
• Finances
• $250k federal HSIPR grant
• KDOT and OKDOT each matched $125k
• Parsons Brinckerhoff was consultant
• Cooperation and assistance from• Texas DOT• Missouri DOT• BNSF Railway Company• Amtrak• Federal Railroad Administration
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SDP Contents• Contents of SDP
– Discusses purpose and need for the service
– Describes operation of the service
– Identifies required infrastructure improvements
– Estimated costs
– Estimated ridership and revenues
– Benefit-Cost Analysis using FRA criteria
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Options Studied
• Two options
– Heartland Flyer Extension (nighttime service connecting with the
Southwest Chief at Newton, KS)
– KC-OKC-FW Daytime service (daytime standalone service between Kansas
City and Fort Worth via Wichita and Oklahoma City)
• 79 mph top speed
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Service Options
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Findings• Estimated ridership
– HFE: 200,500 (including riders on existing HF service)
– KC-OKC-FW: 270,500
• Capital Investment required
– HFE: $136.5 million
– KC-OKC-FW: $436.2 million
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Findings (cont.)• Annual operating subsidy required (operating cost minus
revenue)
– HFE: $4.4 million (incremental over existing HF subsidy)
– KC-OKC-FW: $10 million
• Benefit/Cost ratio
– HFE: 0.88/0.93 (assuming 30% contingency/15% contingency)
– KC-OKC-FW: 0.61/0.64
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Legislative Testimony
• Presented findings to Kansas Legislature– House and Senate Transportation
Committees– Kansas Rail Caucus
• Legislative funding commitment is needed
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Follow-up Questions and Concerns
• Funding sources and timing• Additional benefits from Economic Development and Jobs• What are Kansas’ likely costs?
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Follow-up Activity
• TIGER grant application– Pre application for crossing improvements and signals from Newton to
Oklahoma state line– KDOT was advised the work would provide no benefits and result in
additional costs– Final application was not submitted
• Economic impact calculations– Kansas station stop cities contacted– Existing Heartland Flyer station stop cities contacted
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Going Forward
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Contact Information
Thank You!
Dennis SlimmerChief of Transportation Planning(785) [email protected]
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Ross Capon
President & CE
National Association of Railroad Passenger
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Northern Flyer Alliance2012 Business Case for Passenger Rail Symposium
April 6, 2012Ross Capon, President & CEO
National Association of Railroad Passengers
Developing Intercity Rail: Benefits & Case Studies
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NARP’s Vision
40 Year map-grid and gateway plan World-class passenger train network Provide more jobs for Americans Offer a choice of travel for the traveler Consistent source of funding for trains Safe, clean, affordable, on time, etc.
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To turn this…
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…into this!
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Impact of the Heartland Flyer
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Heartland Flyer’s impacts
Texas Transportation Institute undertook a study of the 206-mile Amtrak service linking Oklahoma City and Fort Worth.
Researchers used on-board survey to identify the economic impact of the rail service, measured through total spending on certain items (including associated sales tax revenues).
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Economic benefits of passenger activity Cost the state around $3.9 million/year Heartland Flyer passengers spent approximately
$18 million on lodging, meals, shopping, and entertainment on their trips. $1.4 million contributed to local sales tax revenues
25% of passengers surveyed were traveling on this train for primarily business purposes.
30% wouldn’t have traveled at all if the Heartland Flyer didn’t exist
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Benefits through modal-shift
TTI’s mobility analysis found that more than 39,000 annual vehicle-trips diverted onto the rail service from the I-35 highway corridor, eliminating approximately 7.9 million VMT (vehicle miles traveled) from the corridor’s roadways.
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Montana & the Empire Builder
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Montana’s study of Empire Builder
Empire Builder links Chicago with Seattle/Portland via Milwaukee, Twin Cities, northern North Dakota and Montana. US DOT 1979 findings: 40% of the passengers during FY1978 (80,000 people)
would have had no other reasonable public transportation if the train had not operated
The train had dependable all-weather capability in Montana's severe winter weather.
The parallel highway was a difficult two-lane road.
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Montana’s DOT 2003 study: Analysis of the Economic Benefits of the Amtrak Empire Builder to Montana (linked from www.narprail.org reports by others)
Total on + off at the 12 Montana stations was 109,550 in fiscal 2003 and 156,723 in fiscal 2010 – an increase of 43%
Montana’s study of the Empire Builder
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Montana’s study of the Empire Builder
Annual expenditures within Montana from the direct spending of non-resident Amtrak travelers was found to be $7.641 million annually (2003 dollars).
Direct annual spending by Amtrak in Montana—employment, materials, and services—was between $3.7 and $4.1 million annually.
This nonresident spending generated: $2.45 million personal income for Montana residents 142 Montana jobs, and $642,000 in state and local tax revenue.
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North Carolina Station Improvements
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North Carolina Station Improvement NC spent about $140 million on station
revitalization projects in the early 2000s. Stations have backup generators to address
power outages Commissioned AECOM to do a seven station
study, looking at a $63 million subset (Burlington, Hamlet, Greensboro, Salisbury, High Point, Selma, Kannapolis)Share of subset construction cost:
65.8% federal; 18.8% state; 15.4% local
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AECOM scope of study Construction Impacts: one-time impact. Activities Accommodated at Stations: recurring
impacts such as any additional hiring required to operate and maintain expanded station activities.
Land Use Impacts: development impacts stemming from station revitalization that occur around the station area.
Tourism Impacts: Experiencing the station may rarely be the train passengers’ reason for traveling; however, the surrounding area may develop such that it becomes the destination.
Fiscal Impacts: The estimated fiscal impacts are derived from the tax revenue generated
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Source: AECOM
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Summary of NC wage benefits over 20 years
Construction: $43 million Surrounding Area Development: $44.6 ml Leasing: $2.9 million Tourism $3.5 million Total add’tl wages accrued: $94 million In wages alone, there was a payback ratio of
1.47 across these seven stations over the forecast horizon
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Summary of fiscal impacts over 20 years
Income Taxes: $5.9 million Sales Tax (local): $1.2 million Sales Tax (state): $815 thousand Corporate Taxes: $595 thousand Employment Security Taxes: $586 thousand Property Tax: $16.5 million Occupancy Tax: $55 thousand Taxes Total All Types: $25.7 million
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National Association of Railroad Passengers
505 Capitol Court NE, Suite 300
Washington, DC 20002-7706
www.narprail.org
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Pete Meitzner
City Council Member
City of Wichita
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Homer Nicholson
Mayor
Ponca City, Oklahoma
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Rick Harnish
Executive Director
Midwest High Speed Rail Association
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Stu Nicholson
Media Relations & Public Involvement
Engage Public Affairs
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Ohio: Lessons Learned
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What’s Running In Ohio?
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Lesson #1
Frame the issue before the critics
(or the media) frame it for you.
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Lesson #2
Define your terms.
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Lesson #3
Don't be afraid of the critics.
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Lesson #4
Do your homework on the
opposition.
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Lesson #5
Speak with one voice.
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Lesson #6
Be clear about the benefits.
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Lesson #7
Don’t over-promise and build
expectations.
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Professor Wally Meyer
University of Kansas School of Business
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NORTHERN FLYER ALLIANCEECONOMIC BENEFIT STUDY
December 17, 2009
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Objective
Perform an analysis to ascertain the economic justification for renewing passenger rail between KC
and OKC.
Additionally, the analysis will determine the economic impact that the proposed passenger rail service would have on the states, counties, and municipalities along
the route.
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Parameters Use reliable data from trusted sources
Kansas Department of Transportation data US Census data Previous study data
Avoid making assumptions without justification
Limited to economic impact
Provide an unbiased analysis
Simple Return on Investment
Focus on KC-OKC route with Heartland Flyer in mind
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Participating Team
Alexander King, Senior Freight Planner/ Analyst Joseph Gurskis Wilbur Smith Associates
Pat Oslund KU Institute for Policy & Social Research
Robert Honea and Ariel Heckler KU Transportation Research Institute
Art Hall Director of Center for Applied Economics
Alexander Metcalf Transportation & Economics Management Systems, Inc.
Ron Kauffman and John Maddox Kansas Department of Transportation
Jeremy Hill Wichita State University
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Project Approach: 4 Component Strategy
KDOT Feasibility Study as Baseline for Ridership and Costs
Execute IMPLAN Model
Creative Marketing Programs to Build Ridership
Enhancement of Value/ Cost Avoidance
ECONOMIC BENEFIT
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Project Approach Summary Step
Component
Research Rationale Analysis
1 Determine Ridership and Costs
KDOT Rail Feasibility
Study, 2000
Latest hard #s on ridership and
costs (capex and operational)
Update revenues, costs to 2010 dollars using US Labor Dept Inflation CalculatorRevenues: $10M-Costs: $22M=($12M loss)
2 Build Ridership
Segmentation Analysis of key rider
groups
Original study devoid of marketing efforts to increase ridership
Key segments identified/programs developed for Big 12 students, VIP travelers, senior travelers (+15% ridership) Incremental revenues: $14M
3 Identify economic benefits
IMPLAN Economic
Model
Widely accepted economic
modeling tool; very
comprehensive
Input of KDOT study costs and ridership; increased ridership due to marketing campaigns. Economic value added from:Infrastructure: $36M; Station/Ops: $28M
4 Enhance value/cost avoidance
KDOT, USDOT, NHSA
reports
Increased rail usage declines
property, fatality auto
costs
Savings from lessened loss of life: $6M
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Return on InvestmentBase Ridership + Marketing Strategies + Cost
Avoidance
1-Year 5-Year 10-Year
Economic Benefit
$72,660,000 $217,700,000 $399,000,000
Investment $66,500,000 $86,500,000 $111,500,000
Return on Investment
1.09 2.52 3.58
Base Ridership and Costs
Creative Marketing
IMPLANEnhanceme
nt/ Cost Avoidance
Economic Benefit ROI
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Return on Investment(after taxes)
Net out of pocket investment: $1.00
Value produced from investment: $3.58
Incremental economic benefit: $3.22*
Tax considered ROI: 3.2:1
For each $1.00 of net investment, NFA project produces $3.22 in economic
benefits after tax consideration, a 3.2 to 1 ratioBase
Ridership and Costs
Creative Marketing
IMPLANEnhanceme
nt/ Cost Avoidance
Economic Benefit ROI
*net of average 10% all taxes impact on value produced
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Other Studies Verify KU ROI Results
Two studies have verified the economic benefits of passenger rail service in the TX/OK/KS corridor:
Texas Transportation Institute (TAMU, 4/10) Findings:
Heartland Flyer passengers enrich OK and TX by $18M annually (spending on lodging, meals and entertainment during the trip)
Investment subsidy estimated at $4M Return on Investment: $4.5:$1 ($3.6:$1 net of subsidy)
OK DOT Economic Benefit Report (Carter Burgess, 4/05) Findings:
$11.5M direct spending on Heartland Flyer yielded $23.1M in economic activity for the state of Oklahoma ($2.0:$1 ROI)
“The Heartland Flyer delivers important economic benefits of the communities it serves”
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NORTHERN FLYER ALLIANCE
ECONOMIC BENEFIT STUDY
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Senator Daryl Beall
Iowa State Legislature
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Senator Dick Kelsey
Kansas State Legislature
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Michele Teel
Missouri Department of Transportation
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Andrew McHenry
Emporia RAIL
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Deborah Fischer Stout
Northern Flyer Alliance, Inc.
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Next Steps
Request Interim Study Committee
Recommended Outcomes:
• Evaluate moving forward with NEPA and PE studies
• Be prepared to submit projects for Federal Funding
• Create a Tri-State Rail effort
Contact your state and federal legislators
Symposium Participants continue dialogue