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What do you think of?
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Symbiosis, or the living together of different organisms, allows some species to live in otherwise hostile environments, so it can be a powerful mechanism of evolutionary change.
And in every such case, the special role of certain inorganic elements is the key to the symbiosis.
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Does it matter what we call it?
Are these really different?
Biological Inorganic Chemistry
Inorganic BiochemistryBioinorganic Chemistry
Metals in Biology
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Bio inorganic Chemistry
A contradiction in terms?
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Bio inorganic Chemistry
1. Not having the structure or organization of living bodies2. Not characterized by vital processes3. Not fundamental or related; extraneous 4. Pertaining to compounds that are not hydrocarbons5. Mineral
1. (Gr. “bios” ‘life, course or way of living’). In compounds formed in Greek itself, as biography; and in modernscientific words in which bio- is extended to mean ‘organic life.’2. A prefix meaning “life”
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Bulk elements to form structure
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Bulk elements to form structure
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Bulk elements to form structureEssential elements for special functions
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Bulk elements to form structureEssential elements for special functionsEssential elements for certain species
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Bulk elements to form structureEssential elements for special functionsEssential elements for certain speciesElements used in medicine as therapeutics or diagnostics
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OK,then whyare only3 metals shown?
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a guess: it reflects history.
The first book Inorganic Biochemistry (1973) mainly concerned these metals:
Fe: hemes and heme enzymesheme = red
Cu in copper oxidases or the copper cyanin proteins:cerulocyanin cyanin from from Greek kuaneos
'dark blue'plastocyanin plasto: in chloroplasts hemocyanin hemo:stellacyanin stella: star (shape)azurin azure = bright blue from medieval
Latin azzurum, azolum
Zn in alkaline phosphatases
Mo in molybdoenzymes: key in nitrogen cycle
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A blue copper protein called azurin, contains one copper atom
Plastocyanin crystals
Copper Oxidases fascinate with their blue colors
An engineered azurin variant that binds two Cu atoms. A short Cu-Cu distance causes intense purple color.
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Who is in this field:
Synthetic Inorganic ChemistsSynthetic Organic Chemists
Biochemists Protein crystallographers
Physical Chemists Spectroscopists
Biologists Botanists GeneticistsGeologists
MDs Environmental scientists
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The format of this course:
Lots of reading (text)Lots of discussion
Little lecturingLots of participation
What is graded:Occasional worksheets
One mid-termOne-final
One or more short presentations… and all your participation
Get to know the website
The course is also fairly paperless
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My goals for you:
(1) become familiar with the breadth of bioinorganic
chemistry
(2) develop sufficient background to read the
literature or to research a particular
topic in bioinorganic chemistry
(3) know how the characteristics of metals
influence their roles in biology