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What is a Yuga?
In 1894, Swami Sri Yukteswar made two startling predictions in his book the
Holy Science: “matter will be found to be energy” and “our sun has a twin
star”. Einstein proved the first prediction true in 1905 and over the course ofthe last century more and more evidence is pointing to the truth of the second
prediction. As of 2006, it is thought that two out of three stars in the Milky
Way are part of binary systems.
The Swami writes that our sun is part of such a binary system, orbitinganother star, with an orbital period of about 24,000 years. In scientific terms,the rotation of the earth relative to the stars we see (the odiac inastrological terms! is called the precession of the e"uino#es and follows thiscycle.
Sri $u%teswar described the orbit, called a &reat $ear by the &ree%s, asmoving the earth repeatedly in a natural ascending arc of '2,000 years,raising the consciousness of man, and then a falling arc of '2,000 years,lowering it, relative to a cosmic vibrational center called ishnunabhi.
)ne day of *rahma is the time ta%en for one thousand cycles of all four $ugas.+ day of *rahama is followed by the night of *rahma. The niverse is manydays and nights of *rahma old.
The &ree%s and many other ancient cultures (for e#ample- gyptians,
/ersians, Sumerians, +tecs, opi, 1elts and orse! shared this idea of theages of man. 3ith more modern analysis, many ancient sites are now %nownto have been constructed with elements demonstrating very sophisticatedastronomical %nowledge. or e#ample, the orientation of the shafts on certainancient pyramids can be read as date5stamps and their locations align withdistant constellations.
The indu ages or $ugas are summaried below, with their &ree% e"uivalents.
+scending +rc
6ali $uga or Iron +gerom 700 +8 for ',200 years1haracteristic- 9aterialism:ignorance
8wapara $uga, *rone +gerom ';00 +8 for 2,400 years1haracteristic- Space5annihilators
Treta $uga or Silver +gerom 4'00 +8 for
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Satya $uga or &olden +gerom >?00 +8 for 4,>00 years1haracteristic- armony with divine plan
+ graphic illustrates the $ugas in our current cycle here.
This interpretation by Sri $u%teswar is at odds with the )rthodo# induinterpretation, under which we are still in the age of 6ali $uga, rather than8wapara $uga. 9uch as for the festivals of the 1hristian 1alendar, the originalfacts are of secondary importance to the force of tradition to conservativeelements (after all the calculation error has been in place a very long time!.
8wapara $uga can be characteried as a brea%down of the idea of a materialworld and a growing consciousness of the underlying unity of peoples, energyand nature, manifesting in-
@ nderstanding of finer energies and the structure of universe
@ reedom of o Speecho Travel and communicationo Sharing and community of all %indso +c"uisition and access to all %nowledgeo 1onsumption and creation of media of all forms
@ nd of 9ayic:8emonic:Satanic powers (in the sense of limiting:obstructingthe individual! of o Theocracyo 1ollectivismo ational Socialismo 1ommunist Socialismo +uthoritarianismo Totalitarianismo 8ictatorshipo 9onarchyo /etromonarchy (many 9iddle astern States!o 6leptocracy (9any +frican States!
o )ligarchy (rance would be a good e#ample!o +ristocracyo +utocracyo Technocracyo Slaveryo 9onopolieso 1artelso epotismo 1ronyismo 9atriarchyo /atriarchy
o 9afiosi
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0Wr0UXG14ok/SnHQFM-WI0I/AAAAAAAAAiE/qqtGCE1ZfI0/s1600-h/dwaparayuga.jpghttp://www.sanskrit.org/www/Hindu%20Primer/yugatime.htmlhttp://2.bp.blogspot.com/_0Wr0UXG14ok/SnHQFM-WI0I/AAAAAAAAAiE/qqtGCE1ZfI0/s1600-h/dwaparayuga.jpghttp://www.sanskrit.org/www/Hindu%20Primer/yugatime.html
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. nd of discrimination byo Aeligiono &eographyo 1lasso 1aste
o Aaceo &endero ealtho +geo 3ealth
. ree trade, globaliation, capitalism, meritocracy, freedom and democracy
. mpowerment of the individual, rise of a middle class, strength thrudiversity
The rich wield financial, political and social power, controlling countries
overtly or covertly, the poor have nothing and the middle class are somewherein between. In third world countries, there tend only to be rich and poor. )nesign of the development of a country is how much of a middle class it has andwhether it is growing or shrin%ing, gaining or lessening in financial, politicaland social power.
/oliticians, inventors and thin%ers who are in line with 8wapara $uga ideashave flourished and been feted. Those who opposed them had limited or onlyshort5lived success. /aramhansa $ogananda, disciple of Sri $u%teswar,e#plained the mechanism for the $ugas- ideas are tuned5into by great minds
rather than being created by them. These ideas in turn drive greatciviliations. The nited States best e#emplifies outer freedom wheresomeone not a %ing, nor noble, nor well5born can achieve any materialsuccess. India best e#emplifies inner freedom thru meditation. $oganandaproposed a future with a best of +mericaBs Ccan doD attitude and IndiaBs innermental hygiene.
Interestingly $ogananda e#plains that the success of the nited States is notdue to itEs scientific and technological supremacy rather the good %arma of itsreligious population and foundation along spiritual principles, in sharpcontrast to Fatin +merica, founded for the e#ploitation of resources.
e predicted that the Goining of the nited States of +merica, nited Statesof urope and nited States of +sia would unify the world. +lthough this is notyet a political reality, many large corporations already run the world as onlythree divisions- +mericas, 9+ H urope, 9iddle ast +frica 5 and +/+1 H+sia /acific.
The following timeline, briefly detailing ascending 6ali $uga and then thebeginning of ascending 8wapara $uga, to the present day, covers-5 Scientific and medical discoveries5 #pansion of travel and communication networ%s5 /olitical progress5 Social progress
http://dwaparayuga.com/2007/12/dwapara-yuga-timeline-with-brief-review.htmlhttp://dwaparayuga.com/2007/12/dwapara-yuga-timeline-with-brief-review.html
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5 conomic progress5 Spiritual awa%ening5 Important boo%s5 nds of wars5 /andemics, natural and man5made disasters
5 Aecent events echoing corresponding past events
+ pattern emerges of rising tension in 6ali $uga institutions 5 monarchies,aristocracies, authoritarian regimes and their li%es becoming unbearable fortheir subGects and being overthrown, with new institutions replacing them,more in line with 8wapara $ugaEs vibrations.
nfortunately, but perhaps inevitably it seems, it has ta%en the nglish 1ivil3ar, +merican Aevolutionary 3ar, +merican 1ivil 3ar, 33I, 33II, 6orea,ietnam and the pro#y conflicts of the 1old 3ar, together with disasters andepidemics, so far, to dislodge old mindsets and practices. $ogananda predicted
that 8wapara $uga itself would not end world conflicts, rather in the shortterm intensify them.
IndiaEs peaceful independence, at least prior to partition, holds out hope forthe future, as does South +fricaEs ending of +partheid despite the rulingregime possessing nuclear weapons.
Since the $ugas previously descended and are now ascending again, as ourperceptions sharpen, we increasingly are discovering that past civiliationshad our inventions and structures and were not, as previously thought,
EprimitiveE.
+nother sign of the advancing age is the increasing life span and rediscoveryof healthy modes of e#ercise, living and eating. /eople are all becomingtaller, again in line with ancient te#ts that spea% of long5lived giants. They arealso much healthier, recent centuries were rac%ed with pandemics and lifee#pectancy was short.
It will be interesting to see what develops in the domains of genetics and theprospect of complete availability of all %nowledge, of everyone, all the time,everywhere. The lessons of the (ancient! past suggest not more and bigger
metropoli and stressful societies but rather a simpler living, in harmony withnature.
8isasters and great reverses can be read as divine signals for change.
In our immediate history, we are seeing the resurgence of Aussia, 1hina, India,*rail, 1hile, +rgentina and even now rance as dissonant politicalphilosophies are left behind.
+fter all, 8arwinEs survival of the fittest wasnEt "uite that, rather survival ofthose who adapt the best to the prevailing environment 55 so the most free,open, democratic, meritocratic will prevail. Aight now, despite recentmista%es li%e the Ira" peace and mistreatment of prisoners, that remains the
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nited States of +merica.
ow can we see if the theory is reasonableJ'! that we should see an arc of history that reflects the ages, withcorresponding dates, which appears well born out from 700 +8 to ';00 +8 and
beyond2! that loo%ing bac% in time we should see similar events reflected in thedescending 8wapara $uga and descending 6ali $uga, i.e. with 700 +8 as thelow point, we should see similar events reflected at ';00 +8 and ;00 *1. 3eshould see the pea% of manEs civiliation at ''700 *1.
The challenge here is the relative lac% of %nowledge of ancient civiliationssince the pit of the dar% ages brought about much destruction of documents.Similarly, the bac%wards5focused Taliban focused in their reign not in helpingpeople, rather persecuting them and destroying the past.
3e also %now that there has been geographical change with many past citiespotentially underground and underwater. The obvious e#ample would be+tlantis, first mentioned in /latoEs dialogues Timaeus and 1ritias. In /latoEsaccount, +tlantis, lying Kbeyond the pillars of eraclesK, a naval power whichcon"uered many parts of 3estern urope and +frica in appro#imately ?400*1. The +tlantic )cean between the S and urope and the +tlas 9ountains inorth +frica both are named in honor of the lost civiliation.
Aecently man made underwater structures have been found off Lapan at$onaguni, which date bac% to at least >000*1.
+s of yet, there is no Esmo%ing gunE. If flight, say, was invented in '?00 +8, weshould see flight around ?00 *1 and before. 3e have many ancient accountsof flying machines in the edas and the *ible, for e#ample, followed by adeluge that set civiliation bac%. Such descriptions support the argument butare no means conclusive since they also support alternative e#planations.
If we loo% at the $ugas as consciousness, in the year 200; +8, we have thesame insight as in the year '00; *1 and should be able to find and understandremains from that period.
+s the ages rise, people become more and more in tune with the innerspiritual life and less and less focused on outer accomplishments so it mayalso be the case that there are less artifacts to be dug up from previous,higher ages, or they are in a form that we do not recognie for their realnature, for e#ample, crystals or some other common item.
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A short form link to this page is tinyurl.com/dwapara. See also timeline of the Bible.
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#00D $owest point o% Descending "ali Yuga, scending "ali Yuga begins
This mar%ed the fall of the Aoman mpire, which itself drew much of its culture from
ancient &reece. It had colonied as far as *ritannia (ngland! and &aul (rance!. Its
legacy was a model of administration and from Fatin we have Italian, rench,
Spanish, /ortuguese and Aumanian. The /ersian mpire fell shortly thereafter,neither being able to withstand the lows of 6ali $uga consciousness.
72? Saint *enedict (Italy! 5 sets down his rules for monastic life
9onasticism was to remain almost the only spar% of uropean culture for the ne#t
'000 years. 3hen the Aenaissance came it drew heavily from previous more
advanced civiliations in Aome, &reece and the 9oslem 9iddle ast and, as it
advanced, upon the %nowledge of India. ven *enedictEs rule was revised over time
whereby we have monasteries throughout urope inventing alcoholic beverages such
as beers, wines and champagne. The original rule had called for abstinence.
7 &unpowder arrives in urope (6! 5 although many antecedents in 1hina, India
and 9oslem world
'2?? Travels of 9arco /olo 5 first account of uropeans voyaging to the ast
3e still have 1olumbusE copy with hand5written notes. /oloEs voyages, although
moc%ed for supposed e#aggeration at the time, drove the popular wish to e#plore theast.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_St_Benedicthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krakatoa#535_AD_eventhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santorinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plague_of_Justinianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirrupshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_agehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_conquesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_templarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_cartahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inquisition#Medieval_Inquisitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunpowderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_polohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_St_Benedicthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krakatoa#535_AD_eventhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santorinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plague_of_Justinianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirrupshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_agehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_conquesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_templarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_cartahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inquisition#Medieval_Inquisitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunpowderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_polo
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movement (/rotestant! against decadence and corruption in the many layers of the
1atholic 1hurch hierarchyFuther then translates the Fatin *ible into &erman 5 ma%ing
it accessible to ordinary people, as much a political as a religious act (&ermany!
'72= Tyndale ew Testament
'7electricity and magnetism
'7=? 9ercator /roGection (*elgium! facilitates navigation
'7>= Sha%espeare plays characteries move from 9iddle to 9odern nglish (6!
'7?0 irst smo%ing ban (Italy! In ngland and rance beer and wine respectively were
drun% because water was usually contaminated. Fow "uality foods, cigarettes,
alcohol and many prescription and illegal drugs cloud the mind, as the ancients of
higher ages %new. +musingly in modern times, the worldEs number one e#porter of
wine, rance, wrote a scientific paper praising the medical "ualities of wine. It was
reGected by the scientific community as completely flawed, yet it is very often
"uoted by wine drin%ers.'7?0 uropean famine
1&00 scending "ali Yuga closes with a 100-year 'andhi (transition period)
'=005';00 +ge of reason
Sri $u%teswar specifically mentions &ilbert, 6epler, &alileo, 8rebbel, ewton, Savery
and &ray in this period.
'=02 irst stoc%s and bonds, +msterdam Stoc% #change
'=00 oundation of *ritish ast India 1ompany (6!
'=00 3illiam &ilbert discovers magnetic and electrical effects (6!
'=02 oundation of 8utch ast India 1ompany (etherlands!
'=0? 6epler discovers important laws of astronomy (+ustria!'=0? &alileo invents the telescope (Italy!
'='0 lintloc% Aifle (rance! 5 defined warfare for ne#t
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efforts to comple#ify rench, to ma%e it a language of elites. The +merican ersion
of nglish had the opposite function, to ma%e it simpler and accessible to all. or
e#ample, the average reading age for te#ts in the S is %ept low, facilitating
commerce and immigration. To this day, it is hard for a rench igh School graduate
to write a paragraph with no faults, a tas% that is simple in nglish. +s 8wapara $uga
advanced, rench was left behind since it best fitted the priorities of 6ings, oblesand more recently graduates of +. There is a very close connection between
obscurantist language and restrictive, unionied elites in medicine and law.
Incomprehensible legal te#ts in many nations hide illegitimate use of power and
e#ploitation by elites.
'=2> )n the movement of the heart and blood in animals (6! 3illiam arvey ('7;>5
'=7;!
'=4< irst /ublic School (9assachusetts 1olony! 5 for all children, not simply the rich
and titled
'=
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'=?2 Salem 3itch Trials (S!ounded on principles of freedom, the ruling elites could
not enforce their religious monopoly or their particular set of social beliefs, as
pressures arose on the use of land and freedom of thought. The /uritans had found
ngland too harsh and olland to liberal, now in the S, the divisions lead to the
founding of new colonies as their grip on power waned.
0 Dwapara
1700 scending Dwapara Yuga begins with a *00-year 'andhi
';005'>00 +ge of enlightenment
';005'?00 +gricultural Aevolution (6!
';00 Sugar becomes worth its weight in gold, driving coloniation, slavery and
industrialiation
';00 *ritain e#ports the idea of the lawn, driving resource consumption from labor,
to machines, to seeds and pesticides throughout the word
';00 Thomas Savery uses steam engine to raise water (6!
';20 Stephen &ray discovers the action of electricity in the human body (6!
';2? *eginnings of 9ethodism';
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creativity. In 3estern urope, the astern sides of cities are typically the poor areas
since they were downwind of the factories. The tradition continues in the S with
cheaply built, densely pac%ed apartments. In all societies and ages, elites retreat to
rural areas with homes surrounded by large areas of land, from ollywood stars to
*ritish nobles.
';=< 3attEs Steam ngine 5 frees factories from being located ne#t to fast flowingwater, needed to drive water wheels.
';== 1hristieEs +uction ouse founded (6! 5 efficient sellersB mar%et
';;4 1hlorine (*leach! for cleaning and disinfection isolated
';=> ncyclopedia *ritannica published (6!
';;= Fiteracy in State of 9assachusetts at over ?0P, a side effect of /uritan Aeligious
beliefs, similarly as for Lews or 9oslems, reading oly Te#ts develops literacy
';;= Independence of the nited States of +merica
';;= The wealth of nations (6! +dam Smith (';20?!';>7 1harles 3il%ins (';4? H '>= *irth of 8avy 1roc%ett the last words from his Gournal were Co time for memos
now. &o aheadQ Fiberty and independence foreverQD
';>? rench Aevolution, inspires revolution throughout South +merica
In the revolution, the irgin 9ary in otre 8ame 1athedral, /aris, was replaced by
Fady Fiberty (an embodiment of Fiberty, similar to the S Statue of Fiberty or the
6Es *ritannia!, an interesting progression from the original temple of Lupiter under
the Aomans then the church of the rancs in 700+8. In modern, secular rance, the
church is as much a museum as anything else. uge monumental structures are not
necessary for individual spiritual practice under 8wapara $uga.
';>? 8eclaration of Aights of 9an (rance! 5 specifically includes privacy
';>? 9etric System of measurement (rance! 5 now world standard
';>? *ill of Aights (S+!
';?2 Semaphore invented (rance!
';?= irst accinations (6!
';?> ssay on the principle of population (6! Thomas 9althus (';==5'>00 Second &reat +wa%ening (S+! 5 continuing of the evangelical movement
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt_steam_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christie'shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_smithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Painehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Wilkinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davy_crocketthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davy_crocketthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Unitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semaphore_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Malthushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourdrinier_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Great_Awakeninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt_steam_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christie'shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_smithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Painehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Wilkinshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davy_crocketthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Unitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Bill_of_Rightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semaphore_linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Malthushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourdrinier_machinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Great_Awakening
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'>00 irst *attery (Italy!
'>'7 nd of *ritish5+merican 3ar
'>'; 1holera pandemic
'>'? 9ar%et crash 5 /anic of '>'?
'>27 irst railway (6! 5 frees cities from being located on the sea, rivers or canals,
as all worldEs maGor cities are9anchester was the first industrial city, its factoriesdriving the Industrial Aevolution and then in Fowell, 9assachusetts where the model
was copied. It went on to become the home of the first Aed *ric% niversity 5
modeled on *erlinEs umboldt niversity, the home of Aolls Aoyce, the splitting of the
atom and the first modern computer. *oth +lan Turing and instein were professors at
the niversity.amilies were split from one another, with wor% no longer centered on
the home, this lead to many social problems. FowellEs 9ills originally were staffed
only with $oung $an%ee women and when they were not sufficiently e#ploitable, by
immigrants.Interestingly it was at the age of ; that Sri +urobindo was sent to
9anchester to study with 9r. and 9rs. 8rewett.
'>22 Aosetta Stone Translated (rance! 5 nabled reading of gyptian hieroglyphics
from descending 8wapara $uga'>22? 1holera pandemic
'>
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determined effort, whether mining or more intelligently selling services. In the past,
even a lifetime of hard wor% was no guarantee of any positive result beyond non5
starvation. ia the impetus of the rushes, immigration was driven to many new parts
of the world, driving the thriving cultures that continue to this day.
'>70 /ublic Fibraries +ct (6! 5 /ublic libraries open to all, not Gust scholars
'>7' irst Aed *ric% niversity (6! emphasies real world s%ills, not simply theology'>72 9andatory Schooling (S+, State of 9assachusetts!
'>72 9etropolis 3ater +ct (6! 5 Sand is used to filter drin%ing water in Fondon for
the first time, ma%ing it truly fit to drin%. Similar filters were described in Sans%rit
writings of 2000*1.
'>72 1holera pandemic
'>77 *irth of Sri $u%teswar (India!
'>77 1ocaine isolated (&ermany!It became the wonder drug of the end of the '?th
century, driving the soda fountains of 9iddle +merica where ordering a 1oca 1ola was
described as Eta%ing a shot in the armE. Ironically it was initially used to treat alcohol
and morphine addiction, products that had been %nown for millennia
'>77 *ubonic plague pandemic'>77 irst mass production of steel (6! 5 simultaneously discovered in S also
'>7= India completely under the control of *ritish ast India 1ompany
'>7; Influena pandemic
'>7> *irth of L1 *ose (India!
'>7> irst transatlantic telegraph cable
'>7> The &reat Stin% (6! 5 the sewage problem of Fondon became unbearable
leading to the construction of a modern sewage systemTo this day, the modern cities
of urope are riddled with catacombs, charnel houses and mass graves filled to
capacity with the corpses from the numerous plagues and pestilences of the polluted
cities. /aris has a population of 2 million and catacombs containing = million bodies.
ven as late as the Aoman period, the importance of fresh drin%ing water, sewage
collection and bathing had been understood. 3ith 1hristianity came an end to the
old practice of burning corpses and public bathing. )nly in the mid '?th century did
the worldEs great cities begin building fresh water, sewage and modern sanitation
systems, the lac% of which still hold bac% the Third 3orld countries.
'>7? )rigin of species by means of natural selection (6! 1harles 8arwin ('>0? 5
'>>2!
'>=0 nd of Second )pium 3ar between *ritain and 1hina
'>=' Fahiri 9ahasaya meets *abaGi (India!
'>=' *irth of Aabindranath Tagore (India!
'>=< *irth of Swami ive%ananda (India!
'>=< mancipation /roclamation (S+!
'>=< +dventist 1hurch ounded (S+!The church members are to this day the
healthiest population in the S, followed by F8S (9ormon!. 1ornfla%es were invented
to meet part of their dietary needs.
'>=< 1holera pandemic
'>=< Lules erne writes K/aris in the Twentieth 1enturyK which accurately predicts
the pace, technology and heartlessness of modern cities and living. It was suppressed
and only published '27 years later.
'>=4 irst &eneva 1onventions for the humane treatment of /)3s
'>=7 nd of +merican 1ivil 3ar
'>=7 +ssassination of /resident Fincoln
'>=4 Lames 1ler% 9a#well ('>
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electromagnetism
'>== 8ynamite invented (Sweden!
'>=? *irth of &andhi (India!
'>=? 9ar%et crash 5 *lac% riday 5 brought about by gold speculation
'>=? Sue 1anal Aeopens (gypt! 5 +rcheological evidence suggests it was open as
early as '>;> *1'>=? Transcontinental Aailroad (S! 5 golden spi%e driven in tah
'>;0 8ewey 8ecimal 1lassification of *oo%s invented 5 now used by more than
200,000 libraries worldwide
'>;2 *irth of Swami +urobindo (India!
'>;2 LehovahEs 3itness 1hurch founded (S+!/resident isenhower was a LehovahEs
3itness.
'>;2 irst ational /ar% stablished (S+!
'>;< 9ar%et crash 5 /anic of '>;>7 irst +utomobile (&ermany!
'>>= /anchanan *hattacharya founds The +ryya 9ission Institution(1hief 8isciple of
Fahiri 9ahasaya!
'>;; irst record player (S+!
'>>; irst commercial telephone (S+!
'>>? nity 1hurch formed (S+!
'>>? Influena pandemic
'>?0 irst athletic shoe (trainer or snea%er! invented by Aeebo% (6!
'>?2 llis Island (S+! opens to process '2 million immigrants and +ngel Island from
'?'0, ';7,000 in the 3est.The mi#ture of all races and creeds in the S prevails over
the racist Emaster racesE touted in the 3est in boo%s such as CThe 9yth of the 20th
1enturyD
'>?2 *irth of Lames Fynn (AaGarsi Lana%ananda, $oganandaEs most advanced disciple!
'>?< *irth of 9u%unda &hosh (/armhansa $ogananda!
'>?< *irth of 9innott Fewis ($oganandaEs first S disciple!
'>?< *irth of )liver *lac% ($ogacharya *lac%, $oganandaEs second most advanced
disciple!
'>?< Swami ive%ananda arrives in S+The 1hicago /arliament of 3orld Aeligions
awa%ened interest in India in the 3est and revivified induism in India. This mar%ed
the first formal gathering of representatives of astern and 3estern spiritual
traditions. Today it is recognied as the occasion of the birth of formal interreligious
dialogue worldwide. The elo"uence of Swami ive%ananda (student of Sri
Aama%rishna! and his introduction of indu thought to the nited States are
particularly remembered. The speech has been identified by many to mar% the
beginning of western interest in induism. is opening line, KSisters and *rothers of
+merica...D was greeted by a three minute standing ovation from the audience.
'>?< Sears 1atalog (S+! 5 order goods anywhere, by mail
'>?4 Swami Sri $u%teswar meets *abaGi (India!
'>?4 The oly Science (India! Swami Sri $u%teswar ('>77 5 '?
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'>?4 irst Aadio Aeceiver (India! 5 L1 *ose ('>7> 5 '??= irst movie theater (S+!'>?= *irth of 9anamohan 9aumder (Swami Satyananda!$oganandaEs mission began
with a team of three Swamis, himself, Satyananda and 8hirananda, the latter left the
path, carrying out brain research in academia.
'>?= Aevival of the )lympic &ames (&reece!KThe sportive, %nightly battle awa%ens
the best human characteristics. It does not separate, but unites the combatants in
understanding and respect. It also helps to connect the countries in the spirit of
peace. ThatEs why the )lympic lame should never die.K 5 '??? 1holera pandemic
*00 Dwapara1+00 Coplete epression o% Dwapara Yuga
'?00 8iscovery of the ancient &ree% 1omputer, the +nti%ythera 9echanism
'?0' 9arconi radios from ngland to 1anada
'?0' obel /rie begins 55 energy of smo%eless gunpowder and dynamite transmuted
into force for cultural good (Sweden!
'?0' reudEs wor%s are published (+ustria!Aeflections of an early addict are widely
read. is student Lung came to consider the science of yoga a better path for
man%ind than reudEs obsessions, drawn from drug5induced dreams
'?0< /owered light with the 3right *rothers, sponsored by the S &overnment at
1ollege /ar%, 98 from '?0?
'?04 &eographical pivot of history (6! Lohn alford, '>='H'?4;
'?07 Special theory of relativity (Switerland! +lbert instein ('>;? H '?77! H shows
unity of energy and matter
'?0= ood and 8rug +dministration ormed (S+! 55 reedom from "uac% medicines
and adulterated foods
'?0= San rancisco arth"ua%e 5 %illed appro#imately
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'?22 $ogananda establishes first ashram in the S in 3altham C3atch 1ityD, 9+
'?2; Findbergh crosses the +tlantic (S+!Findbergh ushered in the modern aviation
era and became the first international star.
'?2> *irth of 1he &uevara (+rgentina!1he came frame wealthy Irish5+rgentinean
stoc%, leaving his original studies of medicine to help the poor. e was ultimately
betrayed by 1astro, who chose power over any campaign promises to actually helpthe poor on his island, or elsewhere.
'?2? Swami 8hirananda betrays $ogananda and leaves the +shram
'?2? 3all Street 1rash 5 Speculators trigger a worldwide depression (S+!
'?
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Aan% in the 1I+, 6&* or any of the world alphabet soup of agencies becomes a path
to political and economic power.
'?47 all of ational Socialism (&ermany!
'?47 +tomic bomb (Lapan!
'?47 1lose of 33II and acceleration of decolonialiation 6nowledge alone is not
sufficientM rather it is what we do with it. itler %ept 9achiavelliEs CThe /rinceD byhis bed. immler %ept the C*hagavad5&itaD by his. *oth had been obsessed with the
past, past lives and especially India. The S &eneral /atton fre"uently commented
that he was reliving past lives as he fought through urope and orth +frica.
'?47 *ritish mpire wanes, +merican sphere of influence blossoms
'?47 ormation of nited ations (S+!
'?47 nglish emerges as worldEs Fingua ranca 5 a universal, standard language, with
largest vocabulary and largest storehouse of %nowledge in boo% form
)ne of the great tragedies of 6ali $uga was that in higher ages, people had perfect
recall of information and had no need of boo%s. +s the ages descended, boo%s were
written down yet the great maGorities were destroyed in the depths of 6ali $uga, for
e#ample, in the burning of the library of +le#andria. It is a stri%ing fact that thosethat survive, from the edas, to the )ld Testament, to the Iliad and )dyssey, to the
pic of &ilgamesh, to the Aubiyat have either an overt or a hidden spiritual message.
They also tend to provide a consistent picture of past ages in which men were far
from limited.
'?47 ormation of International +ir Transport +ssociation (I+T+!(1uba! 5 organies
world air travel
'?47 *irth of *ob 9arley (Lamaica!*ob was to become an important symbol of
unification in the '?;0s with his music 5 KI donEt have preGudice against myself. 9y
father was a white and my mother was blac%. Them call me half5caste or whatever.
9e donEt dip on nobodyEs side. 9e donEt dip on the blac% manEs side nor the white
manEs side. 9e dip on &odEs side, the one who create me and cause me to come from
blac% and white.K
'?4= C+utobiography of a $ogiD (S+! /aramhansa $ogananda
'?4= *eginning of the *aby *oom &eneration
'?4= oundation of the first international business school (S+!
'?4; Independence of India and /a%istan
'?4; conference at *retton 3oods (S+! 5 set up International 9onetary und,
International *an% and &eneral +greement on Tariffs and Trade (&+TT!(later 3T)!
'?4; +64; +ssault Aifle (SSA! 5 empowers the individual soldier with the firepower
of a s"uad
'?4; irst sighting of a Clying SaucerD H 3ashington State (S+!
'?4; +lleged recovery of first ) H Aoswell (S+!
'?4; irst olograph (ungary!
'?4; irst Transistor (S+!
'?4; 9arshall /lan (S+! 55 helps all the nations of urope recover, including
&ermany, a star% contrast with the flawed Treaty of ersailles of '?'?, which ensured
another war
'?4> oundation of (modern! state of Israel
'?4> niversal 8eclaration of uman Aights (/aris!
'?4> +ssassination of &andhi
'?4> irst modern computer 5 9anchester K*abyK (6! 5 previous 33II machines were
specialist code5crac%ing devices'?4? K'?>4K &eorge )rwell (6!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Socialismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Socialismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_bombhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decolonialisationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_francahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Air_Transport_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Marleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Marleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobiography_of_a_Yogihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baby_Boom_Generationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderbird_School_of_Global_Managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Independence_Act_1947http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretton_Woods_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AK47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_saucerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roswell_UFO_Incidenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester_Babyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Fourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Socialismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_bombhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decolonialisationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_francahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Air_Transport_Associationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Marleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autobiography_of_a_Yogihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baby_Boom_Generationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderbird_School_of_Global_Managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Independence_Act_1947http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretton_Woods_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AK47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_saucerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roswell_UFO_Incidenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gandhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester_Babyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four
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)rwellEs boo% highlights control mechanisms of 6ali $uga states 55
ewspea%:8oublethin% 55 Kwar is peace, freedom is slavery, ignorance is strengthK,
control of language and media, fetishistic need for surveillance and distinctions of
inner party members, outer party members and disenfranchised populaces 55 proles.
The information age brings more and better tools for oppression yet parado#ically
those same tools feed the march of freedom, liberty and democracy since satellitefeeds and the Internet cannot be completely bloc%ed by regimes in orth 6orea,
1hina and rance, although all three have tried hard to do so. /resident 1hirac
wanted a rench &oogle and rench 1, so his views and not 3ashingtonEs could be
imposed. It has been argued that all media reflect the interests of their owners.
Thus, state owned media reflect the agenda of the regime and its owners,
corporately owned media reflect the agenda of corporations and their owners.
Interestingly the dual nature of the Internet to both reading and writing has only
recently been harnessed by blog technology.
'?4? irst commercial photocopier (S+!
'?4?5 Information Aevolution (S+!&reat fortunes used to be based in agricultural
land, for e#ample, the 6ings and 9inisters of rance then in great factories thenrailway, telephone, oil and commodity barons of all shapes. TodayEs richest man, *ill
&ates, invented nothing, merely recogniing the value of other peoplesE ideas and
inventions from 8)S to 3ord to 9S.
'?70 /roGect chelon (S+! 5 first steps to worldwide electronic surveillance 5 *ig
*rother is watchingQ
'?70 irst 11 (computer numerical control! machines 5 allow physical obGects to be
created from computer blueprints from wood, metal etc. blan%s
'?7' )riginal publication date for $oganandaEs &ita 1ommentaries 55 SA spent more
than 70 years KeditingK them before publication
'?7' irst video game (6! 5 1hec%ers on 9anchester 9ar% I
TodayEs video game mar%et is larger than ollywood.
'?72 8eath of $ogananda, AaGarsi Lana%ananda (Lames Fynn! becomes president of S
'?72 Siddhartha (S! 5 ermann esse wrote the novel in &erman in '?22 but the S
version of '?72 became hugely influential
'?7< nd of 6orean 3ar, following +mericaBs threat to use nuclear weapons
'?7< Structure of 8+ understood (6!
'?74 *eginning of d /ar%erEs +merican 6enpo 6arate (S+!This awaiian F8S
(9ormon! member synthesied elements of Lapanese and 1hinese martial arts into a
uni"uely +merican form. e discovered *ruce Fee and had many famous students,
including lvis /resley. /resley, incidentally, was influenced by $ogananda, embodying
8wapara $uga change in bringing +frican +merican music to mainstream whiteaudiences, in much the same way as the *eatles, Stones and Reppelin were to follow
in the =0s, also becoming involved in astern %nowledge.
'?77 8eath of AaGarsi Lana%ananda, 8aya 9ata (aye 3right! becomes president of
SA
'?7= irst uropean Song 1ontest (Switerland!
'?7= irst 1ommercial Aobot (S+!
'?7= irst commercial nuclear plant (6!
'?7= Sue 1risis (gypt! 5 *ritain and rance attempt to maintain control of the canal
and in failing, underline their now diminished diplomatic and military powers
'?7; ormation of nited States of urope (Italy!
The uropean 1ommunity began with = members and is 2; now in 200;, a similar rise
from the SEs '< original colonies to 70 states today. 3ith +T+, the nited States
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photocopierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echelon_(signals_intelligence)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNChttp://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0876120303?ie=UTF8&tag=thenoblenew-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0876120303http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_artificial_intelligencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajarsi_Janakanandahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Hessehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Parkerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Parkerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daya_Matahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Song_Contesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Economic_Community#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photocopierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echelon_(signals_intelligence)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNChttp://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0876120303?ie=UTF8&tag=thenoblenew-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=0876120303http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_artificial_intelligencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajarsi_Janakanandahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Hessehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Parkerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daya_Matahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Song_Contesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Economic_Community#History
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of +mericas includes the 70 states, 1anada, 9e#ico and practically 1hile, all in line
with $oganandaEs predictions
'?7; Sputni% Satellite (SSA!)ne of the few Soviet successes, it parado#ically
triggers the huge investment in technology in the 3est that eventually will lead to
the downfall of the Socialist 1ommunist system. +part from narrow military and
scientific bands, the 1ommunist and ational Socialist regimes had almost no culturaloutput (e#cluding those who fled them!. Their propaganda models were, however,
widely copied in the 3est, defining public opinion and driving consumer culture. In
contrast, the San rancisco of the =0s lead to military, scientific, business and artistic
e#cellence, to the e#tent that the achievements of that period have not been
repeatable, a triumph not of the will but real freedom and liberty.
'?7> *eginning of *eat &eneration (irst modern subculture!
'?7> isa card launched (S+! 5 first true credit card
'?7> air and Isaacs build first credit scores 5 enabling lending to anyone
creditworthy rather than those already wealthy, or %nown to ban%ers
'?7> &reat Feap forward of 1hinese 1ommunists causes a famine which %ills 9inicomputer (S+!
'?=4 1ivil Aights act (S+!
'?=4 irst facial recognition software (S+!
'?=7 +ssassination of 9alcolm O (S+!'?== irst commercial fa# machine (S+!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat_Generationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat_Generationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visa_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_score_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Leap_Forwardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Dylanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_workerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back-to-the-land_movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/800_numbershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/800_numbershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraceptive_pillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Chilean_Earthquakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military-industrial_complexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Wallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Carsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JFKhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal_pay_for_womenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLJhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pdp8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_recognition_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat_Generationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visa_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_score_(United_States)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Leap_Forwardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Dylanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_workerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back-to-the-land_movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/800_numbershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraceptive_pillhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Chilean_Earthquakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military-industrial_complexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Wallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rachel_Carsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JFKhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal_pay_for_womenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VLJhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pdp8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_recognition_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fax
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'?== irst commercial satellite (S+!
'?== irst container ship (S+!
'?== reedom of information act (S+!
'?== International Standard *oo% umber H IS* (6!
1ontributes to universal access to information H trend tied to libraries, nglish
language standard, search and retrieval systems'?== Star Tre% (S+! 5 essentially a utopian, 8wapara vision, drawing audiences
together around the world. It covered controversial themes such as war, peace,
authoritarianism, imperialism, class warfare, racism, human rights, se#ism and
feminism. 9ost famously, the role of technology was e#plored, inspiring cell phones,
sliding doors and research into replicators (see 11!, matter transporters and faster
than light warp drives.
'?=; 1ontroversial meetings of *eatles:Stones and 9aharishi (India!
'?=; Sergeant /eppers (6! 5 included images of Sri $u%teswar and /aramhansa
$ogananda
'?=> &lashow, Salam and 3einberg H unity of electrowea% and electromagnetic forces
'?=> +ssassination of 9F6'?=> +ssassination of A6
'?=> International *accalaureate (Switerland! 5 a non5profit, originally to facilitate
the international mobility of children of diplomats, it now provides a curriculum for
students of all %inds, all ages and in all countries 5 a world education
'?=> 3hole arth 1atalog (S+! 5 to provide education and Kaccess to toolsK in order
that the reader could Kfind his own inspiration, shape his own environment, and share
his adventure with whoever is interested.K
'?=> irst acoustic coupler modem (S+!
3ithin one generation speeds climbed from
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'?;< *lac%5Scholes model forms basis for e#plosion of derivatives trading (S+!
'?;< ?:'' (1hile! 1ommunist Socialistic forces are halted at the 9oneda
'?;< irst )il 1risis (S! 55 first warning S too dependent on fossil fuels
'?;< nter the 8ragon (S! 5 *ruce Fee demonstrates a physical unity of the ast and
3est, absorbing the best elements from both in this masterpiece. In doing so, he
became the first +sian superstar.'?;< Suspicious death of *ruce Fee (ong 6ong! 5 much as in the legacy of
6rishnamurti, FeeEs name is used and abused by many associates, perhaps his greatest
legacy is the e#ample of how anyone can become better and better to an almost
superhuman e#tent
'?;7 nd of ietnam 3ar
'?;7 Aussia and +merica collaborate on +pollo5Soyu space mission
'?;7 /un% movement begins promisingly with ideas of creativity a la 6abu%i but
rapidly degenerates into a nihilistic movement, the opposite of hippiedom, morphing
into negative movements of &oths and other genres, characteried by a mindset of
suicide and despair
'?;7 *eginning of downsiing, outsourcing, rightsiing and off shoring&lobaliation drives specialiation into tertiary 5 services, secondary 5 manufacturing
and primary 5 resource e#traction economies.
'?;; +pple II personal computer (S+!
The /1 was a culmination of sie reduction and power increases from the 70s
mainframes to the ;0s minicomputers, placing the means of consumption and
production of all media in the hands of individuals, allowing everything from
animation, boo% production, music production, film production, architectural design,
8+ se"uencing to advanced simulations in the home, where previously only
governments and companies held the capabilities. 1ombined with the Internet, it
provides the resources of a arvard or 9IT in the hands of individuals.
'?;; Star 3ars (S! 5 draws on themes from edas to age of chivalry to aism, of
good and evil, echoing 6ali vs. 8wapara struggle, to huge commercial success
'?;> +dvent of &Ts H grand unified theories lin%ing all fundamental forces
'?;> irst &/S Satellite (S+!
'?;> *eginning of &eneration $ 5 In 3est, universal access to laptops, i/ods,
cellphones, digital cameras and videos, blogs, instant messages and the Internet
'?;> Lonestown massacre (&uyana!
'?;? /rime 9inister 9argaret Thatcher elected (6! 5 together with president Aeagan
frees the west
'?;? Second oil crisis
'?;? Three 9ile Island 9eltdown (S+!
'?>0 irst commercial email H 1ompuServe (S+!
'?>0 irst 8+ /aternity Testing (S+!
In the adult S population married people became the minority in 200=, as societal
changes ma%e it less and less necessary for men and women to be married for
economic, se#ual, paternity or religious reasons. In contrast, the levels of
cohabitation have shot up.
'?>0 Faunch of 1 H cable networ% news (S+!
'?>0 *eginning of the privatiation movement (6!
'?>' irst cellphone service (ordic countries!
'?>' /resident Aonald Aeagan elected (S+!
'?>' +ssassination attempt on /resident Aeagan (S+!'?>' +ssassination attempt on /ope Lohn /aul II
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-Scholeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_coup_of_1973http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_oil_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enter_the_Dragonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Leehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo%E2%80%93Soyuz_Test_Projecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downsizinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_II_serieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Wars_Episode_IV:_A_New_Hopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_unified_theorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation_Yhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonestown_Massacre#Mass_murder-and-suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonestown_Massacre#Mass_murder-and-suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_energy_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Mile_Island_accidenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parental_testinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privatizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black-Scholeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilean_coup_of_1973http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_oil_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enter_the_Dragonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Leehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo%E2%80%93Soyuz_Test_Projecthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_rockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downsizinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_II_serieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Wars_Episode_IV:_A_New_Hopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_unified_theorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation_Yhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonestown_Massacre#Mass_murder-and-suicidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_energy_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Mile_Island_accidenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parental_testinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CNNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privatizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellphonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II
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'?>' irst cases of +I8S (S+!
'?>' irst retinal scans for identification (S+!
'?>< ree software foundation H forerunner &, Finu# etc. (S+!
'?>4 +ssassination attempt on /rime 9inister Thatcher (6!
'?>4 *hopal 8isaster (India! 5 worldEs worst industrial disaster
'?>7 Five +id (6!'?>7 all of AaGneeshpuram (S+!
'?>= 1hernobyl 9eltdown (%raine! 5 worldEs worst nuclear disaster
'?>; *lac% 9onday mar%et crash (6!
'?>; Stephen aw%ing of 1ambridge niversity organied a wee%long meeting at
which scientists from around the world brought the story of gravity up to date, ? S invades /anama to ensure control of the canal
'?>? 1lose of 1old 3ar and fall of 1ommunist Socialism (&ermany! 5 symbolically the
*erlin 3all falls
'??' 3orld 3ide 3eb Server (Switerland!'??' nd of apartheid in South +frica
'??' nd of &ulf 3ar I (S+!
'??' irst Aeality T Show (olland!
3ith a proliferation of media channels, there are insufficient sport5entertainment
stars to fill them. fforts begin to manufacture them.
'??2 *lac% 3ednesday 9ar%et 1rash (6! 5 mismanagement of e#change rates
'??2 urricane +ndrew (S! 5 2nd most destructive in S history
'??< 3ebcrawler (S+! 5 first web search engine
'??< Siege of *ranch 8avidians in 3aco (S+!
'??4 Signing of +T+, Goining 1anada, S+ and 9e#ico 5 first steps towards nited
States of +mericas, following lead of nited States of urope
'??4 Faunch of +maon.com (S+! 5 order all media, everywhere
'??7 8irective on 8ata /rotection
'??7 irst commercial 4? &old Aush, with an opportunity for the bright anddetermined to ma%e fortunes where previously only the wealthy and well connected
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinal_scanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_software_foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhopal_disasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live_Aidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajneeshpuramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_meltdownhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Monday_(1987)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Hawkinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-optic_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panamahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Webhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apartheidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_TVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Wednesdayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Andrewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebCrawlerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waco_Siegehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAFTAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Protection_Directivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_printinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netscapehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EBayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinal_scanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_software_foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Thatcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhopal_disasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live_Aidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajneeshpuramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_meltdownhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Monday_(1987)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Hawkinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-optic_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panamahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Webhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apartheidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War_Ihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_TVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Wednesdayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Andrewhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebCrawlerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waco_Siegehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NAFTAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Protection_Directivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_printinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netscapehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EBay
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had seats at the table. Similar booms accompanied the introduction of telegraphs,
telephones, television etc 55 notice the prefi# tele for far, an echo of 8waparaEs tag
line of Espace5annihilatorE 55 with entrepreneurs in the beginning then consolidated,
conservative business empires over time, until the launch of the ne#t disruptive
technology.
'??7 irst armed, unmanned flying vehicle deployed (S!Such a vehicle had been proposed by Tesla '00 years before and 8ainci 700 years
before but the technology to build it was not yet ready. Tesla was well ahead of his
time. e had proposed homes pulling electricity from the air. is ideas were
overridden by dison and 3estinghouse for the greater commercial value (to them!
of installing power lines and associated infrastructure.
'??= I1N Instant 9essaging (Israel!
'??= irst cloned mammal (6!
'??= orth 6orean 1ommunists cause a famine that %ills International Space Station launched
'??? uro introduced
300 Dwapara
2000 $26 bug proves to be hype$26 was the impetus that allowed India to move into
the international white5collar space. India has cultivated its elites fantastically but
sadly less so general education, health, infrastructure and broader industry.
2000 *ill &ates follows e#ample of previous S industrialists in using his fortune for
world good (S+!
2000 8ot 1om:Telco *ubbles *urst (S+! 5 Telco bubble ten times larger than better5
%nown 8ot 1om bubble
200' The first space tourist launches from Aussia
200' Faunch of 3i%ipedia (S+! 5 surpasses both ncarta and the ncyclopedia
*ritannica in depth and "uality
200' Faunch of iTunes (S+! 5 download all media, everywhere
The i/od is a 8wapara $uga product, conceived in India, manufactured in 1hina and
mar%eted from the S. India has greatly benefited from the fall of the Soviet nion
and its influence. Similarly, 1hina is benefiting much more broadly from the defacto
dropping of 1ommunist Socialist ideology.
200' ?:'' (S+!6ali $uga elements try to roll bac% time to a primitive middle ages.
The symbolic targets of the 3orld Trade 1enter and /entagon were hit and the 3hite
ouse was spared than%s to heroism of ordinary passengers on light ?
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the beastE for literalists M!
2004 Indian )cean Tsunami 5 deadliest in recorded history
2007 uman &enome 8ecoded (International &roup and S+!
2007 urricane 6atrina (S! 5 most destructive in S history
200; +ppleT (S+! 5 integrates television, hifi, Internet
200; 8iscovery of irst arth5li%e planet 5 &liese 7>' system (1hile!This is a mirror of 1olumbusE '4?2 discovery of +merica. 1hile tends to embody the
strengths of both the S and urope and the wea%nesses from its e#posure to both
ational and 1ommunist Socialism. It is already a defacto member of +T+, with
bilateral agreements with 1anada5S59e#ico, another step to a nited States of the
+mericas. *y 2020, 1hile e#pects to have all students be bilingual in Spanish and
nglish.
200; The Schengen e#pansion of the uropean nion means there will be