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What is Radiologic Sciences?
Chapter One
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Terms• Radiation• Energy• Ionization• Sound• Electrocardiography• Electroencephalography• Gamma Radiation• Electromagnetic Energy• X-rays a.k.a Roentgen Rays• Radiography
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History of Medicine
• Egypt and Mesopotamia• Greek Philosophers• Hippocrates• Hippocratic Oath• Romans• Middle Ages/Black Death
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17th Century Medicine
• William Harvey (1578-1657) – was the first to demonstrate the function of the heart and circulation of blood
• Anton Van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) – described bacteria and isolated microorganisms with the microscope he created
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18th Century Medicine
• Edward Jenner (1796) – Vaccine for smallpox, served as the foundation for immunology.
• Surgery was being experimented• Mental Health reforms• Heart drug digitalis was introduced (used to
treat congestive heart failure (CHF)
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19th Century Medicine “Germs cause disease!”
• Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) – through his work pasteurization was developed
• Robert Koch (1843-1910) – developed tuberculin to test for tuberculosis
• Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) – developed foundation for modern nursing
• Wilhelm Rontgen – In 1895, discovered x-rays
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20th Century Medicine
• Sir Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) – discovered penicillin in 1928
• Jonas Salk (1914-1995) – developed the Salk Vaccine which controls and prevents poliomyelitis
• Francis Crick and James Watson (1953) – discovered the “secret to life” otherwise known as DNA which started the field on genetics
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History of Radiologic Technology
• Wilhelm Rontgen (1895) – experimenting with a cathode and glass tubes, observed a screen with barium painted on it was emitting light (fluorescing)…he called them invisible rays or x-rays
• Called them X-rays because X is the unknown variable
• Most famous picture is of his wife’s hand
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Becoming a Radiographer
• Approximately 650 Radiography programs in the United States
• Upon completion of the program, you will be registry eligible
• National Exam by American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT)
• RT(R)
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Clinical Practice Standards
• Appendix A in your book• Developed by American Society of Radiologic
Technologists (ASRT)• Helps to define the Radiographer’s role• Helps to establish criteria to assess
performance
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Opportunities in Radiologic Technology
• Radiology• Nuclear Medicine• Radiation Therapy• Diagnostic Medical Sonography• Magnetic Resonance Imaging• Computed Tomography• Interventional Special Procedures• Cardiac Cath Lab• Mammography• Pet Scan (Positron Emission Tomography)
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Radiology Modalities
• Cardiovascular Interventional Technology• Angiography• Cardiac Catheterization• Angioplasty
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Radiology Modalities cont….
• Mammography• Radiologist Assistant• Nuclear Medicine technology –
Radiopharmaceuticals• Positron Emission Tomography (PET)• Radiation Therapy– Medical Dosimetrists – involved in treatment
planning and dose calculation
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Radiology Modalities cont….
• Bone Densitometry• Computed Tomography (CT)• Diagnostic Medical Sonography (Ultrasound)• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)• Education• Management/Administration• Commercial Firms
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Terms
• Allied Health• Technologist• Technician• Therapist• Medical Doctor (MD)• Doctor of Osteopathy (DO) – taught to
manipulate muscles and bones as part of the healing process
• Specialty areas – page 12
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Terms cont…..
• Nursing• Registered Nurse (RN) – there are 2, 3 and 4 year
programs• Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)• Nurse Practitioner• Nurse Midwife• Nurse anesthetist
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Terms cont….
• Electrocardiographic technicians – impulses of heart
• Electroencephalographic technicians – impulses of brain
• MT – Medical Technologist• MLT – Medical laboratory technician
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Terms cont…..
• Occupational Therapists – physical or emotional illnesses
• Physical Therapists – restore muscle strength and coordination
• Radiation Therapists – treat cancer patients• Respiratory Therapists – treat patients with
breathing difficulties• Health Information Services – management of
health information, patient’s health record
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Don’t forget to study computer terms for the next test!
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The End