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What is the Internet?
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The Internet is a...
...distributed
hypermedia
network
of networks
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Distributed
• Information on the Internet is located on many millions of computers
• No one agency has jurisdiction of the Internet; everyone plays a part
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Hypermedia• The Internet supports many different
formats of information
Text filesPicturesPhotographsSound filesVideo files
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Network of Networks• Network : two or more computers
hooked together
• Network of networks : Hundreds of Thousands of networks of computers all hooked together
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How the Internet Works
• Packet Switching–TCP-IP
• Connecting to the Internet–Schools, Companies–Online Service– Internet Service Provider
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E-Mail Addresses
• Username followed by “@” symbol• Computer name and domain
[email protected] Computer name & domain
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Internet Addresses
• IP Address– Internet Protocol – 4-part numeric address for internet locations
198.105.232.4• Domain Name – Text version of the IP
address
www.microsoft.com
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URL: Uniform Resource Locator
• “Address” of a file on the Internet• Contains type of protocol followed by the
computer name, directory and file name
http://www.capecod.net/Wixon/wixon.htm ftp:// wuarchive.wustl.edu/pub/windows/psp3.zip mailto:[email protected]
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Anatomy of a URLhttp://www.ponderisd.net/mbroadstreet/bim.htm
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Address of ISP
Directory on the server
File name (HTML format)
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Web Browsers
• A computer program that lets you access the WWW and “browse” the Internet for information
• Common browsers :Netscape NavigatorInternet ExplorerFirefoxAOL, MSN
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Home Page
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Web site• Internet locations that
contain hyperlinked documents
• Links in documents that quickly move the user from one document to another.
Hyperlink
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Different Domains on the Net
.com commercial
.net network
.edu educational
.org organization
.mil military
.gov government
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Multimedia on the Web
1. GraphicsGifs, JPEGS
2. AnimationAnimated GIFs, Flash, Shockwave
3. AudioSimple Audio, Streaming Audio
4. VideoStreaming Video, Real Player
5. Virtual reality – 3D Games
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Searching for Information on the Web
• Organized Directories of Web sites
• Search tools• Search engine –
software program that finds web sites
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Finding Information on the WWW
Search Engines• Software programs
that scan the contents of Web servers to create large indices of information
• User can perform keyword searches
• Google, Yahoo• Newest – Cuil, Bing