Download - Wle ispc presentation sept 2013
The CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE)Led by IWMI Elizabeth Weight and Andrew Noble
Outline of presentation• Introduction• WLE IDOs• Example of the
Niger/Volta Focal Region• M&E for impact• Highlights to date• WLE reflections on CGIAR
Strategy Results Framework, SLOs, IDOs, impact pathways.
The challenges facing our global food production systems
We have exceeded 3 of 9 planetary boundaries → danger of risks and uncertainties
It is no exaggeration to say that natural resources depletion and degradation threaten the very future of civilization beyond their impacts on global food security and the global economy.- CGIAR Strategy and Results Framework, 2001
The opportunity: agriculture is the dominant contributing factor and therefore a solution
The status quo: ecosystems and natural capital are wholly owned subsidiaries of our agricultural
production systems
The paradigm shift: agricultural production systems are a wholly
owned subsidiary of the ecosystems and natural capital they are dependent
upon
Water Land and Ecosystem Vision:A world in which agriculture thrives within vibrant ecosystems, where communities have higher incomes, improved food security and the ability to continuously improve their lives
WLE contributes to CGIAR System Level Outcomes through Intermediate Development
Outcomes
CGIAR System Level Outcomes
1. Reduce rural poverty2. Increase food
security3. Improve nutrition
and human health4. Sustainable
management of natural resources
WLE IDOIncreased and more equitable income from agricultural and
natural resources management and ecosystem services in rural
and peri-urban areas
WLE IDOImproved land, water and energy
productivity in rainfed and irrigated agro-ecosystems
WLE IDOWomen and marginalized
groups have decision making power over and increased
benefits derived from agriculture and natural
resources.
WLE IDOIncreased ability of low income
communities to adapt to environmental and economic
variability, demographic shifts, shocks and long term changes
WLE IDOWomen and marginalized
groups have decision making power over and increased
benefits derived from agriculture and natural
resources.
WLE IDOIncreased resilience of
communities through enhanced ecosystem services in
agricultural landscapes.
Through targeted impact pathways in focal regions and at the global level
Outcome: Sustainable increases in land and water productivity to
meet future food demands
Outcome: Land rehabilitated and further degradation avoided in areas
vulnerable to human pressure
Prioritized regional
development challenges and opportunities
Scientific knowledge, data, forecasting and global visioning
IWMI/CPWF/partners long-term stakeholder engagement
Consultations, i.e. with development partners in May 2013
Example: Priority setting for WLE’s integrated research-for-development in Volta-Niger
Example: WLE impact pathway for the Volta-Niger
Land rehabilitated and further degradation avoided in areas vulnerable to human pressure
Sustainable increases in land and water productivity to
meet future food demands
BasinsResource Recovery and Reuse
IrrigationRainfed
WLE Research Portfolios
Gender Poverty and Institutions
Information for Decision
Making
Ecosystem Services
IdentifiedDevelopment
Outcomes
Applied research to facilitate required changes from extensive to intensive farming without further affecting remaining natural ecosystems and the services they deliver
Agricultural strategies and policies address changing demographic
patterns and climate and facilitate transition from extensive to intensive
farming systems at multiple scales
Identified Research
Outcomes
Identified Priority
Information Needs
WLE IDOs
Integrated policy recommendations with indicators for monitoring change
RoI and decision support for interventions across rainfed-irrigation landscapes
Integrated Research Portfolio
Photo: Tom Van Cakenberghe/IWMI
WLE Strategic Research Portfolio: Information Systems
Provides an umbrella for WLE research by:• Systematically supporting
prioritization of intervention decisions that are most likely to reduce risks and improve lives and productivity
• Designing and implementing measurement and information systems to assess and monitor agro-ecosystem health and build stakeholder capacity in their deployment
Example: WLE impact pathway for the Volta-Niger
Land rehabilitated and further degradation avoided in areas vulnerable to human pressure
Sustainable increases in land and water productivity to
meet future food demands
BasinsResource Recovery and Reuse
IrrigationRainfed
WLE Research Portfolios
Gender Poverty and Institutions
Information for Decision
Making
Ecosystem Services
IdentifiedDevelopment
Outcomes
Applied research to facilitate required changes from extensive to intensive farming without further affecting remaining natural ecosystems and the services they deliver
Agricultural strategies and policies address changing demographic
patterns and climate and facilitate transition from extensive to intensive
farming systems at multiple scales
Identified Research
Outcomes
Identified Priority
Information Needs
WLE IDOs
Integrated policy recommendations with indicators for monitoring change
RoI and decision support for interventions across rainfed-irrigation landscapes
Integrated Research Portfolio
Provides solutions to:• Reduce land
degradation in rainfed landscapes
• Sustain productive landscapes by increasing biodiversity
• Reduce risk and tackle productivity / environment challenges in farming landscapes
Photo :A
kica Bahri/IW
MI
WLE Strategic Research Portfolio: Rainfed Farming Systems
Example: WLE impact pathway for the Volta-Niger
Land rehabilitated and further degradation avoided in areas vulnerable to human pressure
Sustainable increases in land and water productivity to
meet future food demands
BasinsResource Recovery and Reuse
IrrigationRainfed
WLE Research Portfolios
Gender Poverty and Institutions
Information for Decision
Making
Ecosystem Services
IdentifiedDevelopment
Outcomes
Applied research to facilitate required changes from extensive to intensive farming without further affecting remaining natural ecosystems and the services they deliver
Agricultural strategies and policies address changing demographic
patterns and climate and facilitate transition from extensive to intensive
farming systems at multiple scales
Identified Research
Outcomes
Identified Priority
Information Needs
WLE IDOs
Integrated policy recommendations with indicators for monitoring change
RoI and decision support for interventions across rainfed-irrigation landscapes
Integrated Research Portfolio
Provides solutions to bring nutrients back into production systems through:• Business opportunities for
resource recovery and reuse• Safe wastewater and excreta reuse• Efficient water and land
management in peri-urban areas• Addressing safety concerns where
polluted water is used for irrigation
Photo: A
ndrea Silverm
an/IWM
I
WLE Strategic Research Portfolio: Resource Recovery and Reuse
Example: WLE impact pathway for the Volta-Niger
Land rehabilitated and further degradation avoided in areas vulnerable to human pressure
Sustainable increases in land and water productivity to
meet future food demands
BasinsResource Recovery and Reuse
IrrigationRainfed
WLE Research Portfolios
Gender Poverty and Institutions
Information for Decision
Making
Ecosystem Services
IdentifiedDevelopment
Outcomes
Applied research to facilitate required changes from extensive to intensive farming without further affecting remaining natural ecosystems and the services they deliver
Agricultural strategies and policies address changing demographic
patterns and climate and facilitate transition from extensive to intensive
farming systems at multiple scales
Identified Research
Outcomes
Identified Priority
Information Needs
WLE IDOs
Integrated policy recommendations with indicators for monitoring change
RoI and decision support for interventions across rainfed-irrigation landscapes
Integrated Research Portfolio
Jointly with rainfed and RRR portfolios:• Identify economically viable
management opportunities to increase land and (blue) water productivity for increased incomes and food security
• Analyze pillars for an enabling environment to promote smallholder irrigation
• Evaluate private, public, and PPP models to sustain irrigation infrastructure
Photo: Tom Van Cakenberghe/IWMI
WLE Strategic Research Portfolio: Irrigated Farming Systems
Example: WLE impact pathway for the Volta-Niger
Land rehabilitated and further degradation avoided in areas vulnerable to human pressure
Sustainable increases in land and water productivity to
meet future food demands
BasinsResource Recovery and Reuse
IrrigationRainfed
WLE Research Portfolios
Gender Poverty and Institutions
Information for Decision
Making
Ecosystem Services
IdentifiedDevelopment
Outcomes
Applied research to facilitate required changes from extensive to intensive farming without further affecting remaining natural ecosystems and the services they deliver
Agricultural strategies and policies address changing demographic
patterns and climate and facilitate transition from extensive to intensive
farming systems at multiple scales
Identified Research
Outcomes
Identified Priority
Information Needs
WLE IDOs
Integrated policy recommendations with indicators for monitoring change
RoI and decision support for interventions across rainfed-irrigation landscapes
Integrated Research Portfolio
Integrates future scenarios of water needs of key sector and the environment to improve water security through:• Managing water resources’
variability and re-thinking storage in basins
• Resource allocation and benefit sharing
• Water and energy for food• Water data and accounting in
basins
WLE Strategic Research Portfolio: Basins
Example: WLE impact pathway for the Volta-Niger
Land rehabilitated and further degradation avoided in areas vulnerable to human pressure
Sustainable increases in land and water productivity to
meet future food demands
BasinsResource Recovery and Reuse
IrrigationRainfed
WLE Research Portfolios
Gender Poverty and Institutions
Information for Decision
Making
Ecosystem Services
IdentifiedDevelopment
Outcomes
Applied research to facilitate required changes from extensive to intensive farming without further affecting remaining natural ecosystems and the services they deliver
Agricultural strategies and policies address changing demographic
patterns and climate and facilitate transition from extensive to intensive
farming systems at multiple scales
Identified Research
Outcomes
Identified Priority
Information Needs
WLE IDOs
Integrated policy recommendations with indicators for monitoring change
RoI and decision support for interventions across rainfed-irrigation landscapes
Integrated Research Portfolio
Equity in gender, poverty, and institutions integrated into all WLE SRPs to support:• More equitable access
to water, land and ecosystems services
• Improved decision making and enabling environment (institutional, policy, capacity) for change
• Investable options for women
WLE Cross-Cutting Theme: Gender, Poverty and Institutions
Example: WLE impact pathway for the Volta-Niger
Land rehabilitated and further degradation avoided in areas vulnerable to human pressure
Sustainable increases in land and water productivity to
meet future food demands
BasinsResource Recovery and Reuse
IrrigationRainfed
WLE Research Portfolios
Gender Poverty and Institutions
Information for Decision
Making
Ecosystem Services
IdentifiedDevelopment
Outcomes
Applied research to facilitate required changes from extensive to intensive farming without further affecting remaining natural ecosystems and the services they deliver
Agricultural strategies and policies address changing demographic
patterns and climate and facilitate transition from extensive to intensive
farming systems at multiple scales
Identified Research
Outcomes
Identified Priority
Information Needs
WLE IDOs
Integrated policy recommendations with indicators for monitoring change
RoI and decision support for interventions across rainfed-irrigation landscapes
Integrated Research Portfolio
Applies a systems perspective to:• Develop ecosystem
service-based management options
• Develop and refine a methodology for measuring ecosystem service status and delivery
WLE Cross-Cutting Theme: Ecosystem Services and Resilience
Example: WLE impact pathway for the Volta-Niger – partnerships and scaling
BasinsResource Recovery and Reuse
IrrigationRainfed
WLE Research Portfolios
Gender Poverty and Institutions
Information for Decision
Making
Ecosystem Services
Sustainable increases in land and water productivity to
meet future food demands
Land rehabilitated and further degradation avoided in areas vulnerable to human pressure
IdentifiedDevelopment
Outcomes
Applied research to facilitate required changes from extensive to intensive farming without further affecting remaining natural ecosystems and the services they deliver
Agricultural strategies and policies address changing demographic
patterns and climate and facilitate transition from extensive to intensive
farming systems at multiple scales
Identified Research
Outcomes
Identified Priority
Information Needs
WLE IDOs
Integrated policy recommendations with indicators for monitoring change
RoI and decision support for interventions across rainfed-irrigation landscapes
Integrated Research Portfolio
FARM
REGIONAL/NATIONAL
GLOBAL
LANDSCAPE
Communities, civil society, NGOs, national extension, ARIs, IFAD, SDC
Agriculture and NRM ministries, private sector, CAADP, IFAD, SDC
FAO, GSP, UNCCD, GEF, UNEP, UNDP, private sector, USAID
Bene
ficia
ries:
10s
of t
hous
ands
-100
s of
thou
sand
s-M
illio
ns
WLE program impact pathway
WLE Delivery of Outcomes for Volta - Niger
WLE is well positioned to deliver research outcomes and contribute to IDOs in the Volta – Niger basin:• Skills and expertise to deliver integrated regional
research approach prioritizing natural resources management and ecosystem services
• Physical presence in the sub-region with more than five offices
• More than ten years’ experience: CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food (CPWF), IWMI and partners
• Partnerships with leading regional change agents (e.g., ECOWAS, river basins authorities)
Water Land and Ecosystem: M&E for Impact
Organizing Principles
• SLOs and IDOs• Accountability, performance management• Learning
Organizing Structure
• Impact pathways• Measureable targets
Performan
ce Manageme
nt
• Gather information on research users and their decision making processes• Shape research around uptake targets• Determine how research was/was not used and satisfaction with research• Refine targets
Selected
Tools
• Case studies that trace the effects of research along impact pathways• Impact evaluation and theory based evaluation• Web-enabled monitoring system
Water Land and Ecosystem: M&E for ImpactSelected DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES (9-12 YEARS)
Annual % decrease in the number of households (including female headed households) below the poverty line relative to a comparable control group
% decrease in the number of households affected by drought or flood Internal rate of return on investments demonstrated to be positive Number of farmers adopting RRR techniques (in millions) % decrease in the number of hectares of crop affected by drought and / or flood % annual increase in the volume of water stored as groundwater, to mitigate against drought Annual % improvement in soil degradation rates % of land quality assessment indicators showing at least a 5% improvement Annual increase in the number of people (including women) participating in natural resource planning and governance mechanisms
Selected RESEARCH OUTCOMES (0 TO 9 YEARS) Km2 managed under WLE inspired projects Number of direct beneficiaries (at least 50% women) in Millions Value of investments made (in projects) as a result of WLE research ($US Millions) Number of countries making significant policy changes based on WLE research Number of countries significantly changing their resource management / development plans based on WLE research Number of targets in the 2015 sustainable development goals which address key SRP issues % of new IUCN/GEF projects employing WLE assessment tools or key recommendations WLE research cited in Ramsar declarations or manuals Number of countries where capacity development activities were implemented (outside of WLE) but based on WLE research
Selected RESEARCH OUTPUTS (0-12 YEARS) % of research identified by clients % of research products which adequately addressed gender (as assessed by the WLE gender advisor)
Selected WLE research outcomes:• Value of investments made as a result
of WLE research• Number of countries changing
resource management/development plans based on WLE research
Selected WLE development outcomes:• Annual percent decrease in number of
households below the poverty line• Annual percent improvement in soil
degradation rates• Percent annual increase in volume of
water stored as groundwater, to mitigate against drought
• Number of businesses adopting resource recovery and reuse techniques
WLE Highlights of Emerging Outcomes
The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) and the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) are contributing to N2Africa to improve soil fertility and yields of more than 225,000 farmers smallholder farmers (more than 50% women) in sub-Saharan Africa
The IWMI Tata Program’s engagement with the National Planning Commission of India resulted in incorporation of the National Irrigation Management Fund in India’s 12th Five Year Plan. Worth USD 1.25 billion, this will improve the performance of canal-based irrigation schemes and efficiency in water use.
CPWF and CIAT have supported development of benefit-sharing mechanisms to maintain watersheds in Peru, in partnership with the Ministry of Environment. This will be used in the Canete River Basin as a pilot project to guide the development of benefit-sharing mechanisms in more than 30 additional basins.
WLE reflections on CGIAR Strategy Results Framework, SLOs, IDOs, impact pathways
WLE welcomes:1. SLOs, IDOs and associated
impact pathways provide a practical framework and process to drive integrated multi-sectoral and multi-partner research strategies towards development goals
2. Emphasis on research users
4. Emphasis on iteration and learning
5. Emphasis on accountability for contributions to development, specific measureable targets
6. ISPC recognition of the challenges of attribution, particularly for NRM research
WLE Reflections on CGIAR Strategy Results Framework
Requires: Well-articulated planning, clarity, support and time
Meaningful multi-institution change management is a long-term process that requires changes at several levels
Structures, practices, processes, personnel, policies
WLE Reflections on CGIAR Strategy Results Framework
Unless results can be attributed to research, development outcomes are not a valid performance measurement instrument
CRPs should be accountable for:√ Understanding factors that determine uptake → designing
research products and processes on this basis√ Producing high quality and timely research outputs
√ Understanding whether research was relevant and was used√ Determining whether research outcomes were realized and
why/why not
Accountability of CRPs
WLE Reflections on CGIAR Strategy Results Framework
√ Development change processes and the role of research within them√ Validation of the Impact Pathway and Theory of Change approaches
→ Guidance for CRPs to effectively influence the conditions by which change is achieved
More research is required to better understand the processes and approaches by which research contributes to positive
development outcomes
Thank You