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World War II World War II On the HomefrontOn the Homefront
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On the HomefrontOn the Homefront
• United States success in World War II required the total commitment of the nation’s resources.
• Public education and the mass media promoted nationalism
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United States United States ResourcesResources
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US ResourcesUS Resources
• U.S. government and industry worked together to distribute resources
• Office of War Mobilization created to control resources
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Economic Economic ResourcesResources
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Economic ResourcesEconomic Resources
• Rationing maintained a steady supply of materials for war
• War bonds and income tax were used for financing the war
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Economic ResourcesEconomic Resources
• Business was retooled from peacetime to wartime production
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Human ResourcesHuman Resources
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Human ResourcesHuman Resources
• More women and minorities entered the labor force
• Citizens volunteered in support of the war effort
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WomenWomen
• Replaced men who went to serve in the military (e.g., Rosie the Riveter).
• They participated in non-combat military roles
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African-AmericansAfrican-Americans• Double V Campaign
–Victory in war and victory in equality at home
–Demanded an end to segregation in military
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Military ResourcesMilitary Resources
• The draft/selective service was used to provide personnel for the military
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Role of Media and Role of Media and Mass Mass
CommunicationsCommunications
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Role of the MediaRole of the Media• Media and communications
assisted the gov’t in supporting the war
• U.S. government maintained strict censorship of reporting of the war–Censorship: blocking certain
materials from being published
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Role of the MediaRole of the Media
• Hollywood produced movies, plays, and shows that boosted morale and patriotism
• Portrayed the enemy in stereotypical ways
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Political, economic Political, economic and social and social
consequences of the consequences of the warwar
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Legacy Of WWIILegacy Of WWII
1. Massive destruction and death
2. End of Allied cooperation and beginning of “Cold War” – political tensions
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Legacy Of WWIILegacy Of WWII
3. US and Soviet Unions are only superpower countries
4. Atomic fallout – all countries rushed to get atomic bomb
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Legacy Of WWIILegacy Of WWII
5. US troops permanently stationed around the world
6. US will maintain a standing army in peacetime
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Legacy Of WWIILegacy Of WWII
7. Germany (and Berlin) divided into 4 military zones
• each zone controlled by one of the 4 major Allied powers