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World War II
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Overview
• Most destructive war in human history
• Started in 1939 when Germany
invaded Poland and ended in 1945 when Japan surrendered
• Over 100 million men fought from
over 30 countries
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Germany after WWI
• Treaty of Versailles left Germany bankrupt
• Germany moved away from democracy and towards fascism
• Fascism is a form of government in which individual freedoms are denied and complete power is given to the government
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Fascism
• Fascist governments include strong nationalism, virtually unlimited central authority, militarism, and state control of production
• State more important than the individual
• Nation vs. Other Nations
Benito Mussolini, fascist leader of Italy
Emperor Hirohito of Japan
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Adolf Hitler
• The Führer means leader or guide
• If Hitler hadn’t existed unlikely WWII would of happened
• Promised to return the homeland to former glory
• Anti-Semitism: prejudice, hatred, or discrimination against Jews
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Causes
•World war one Treaty of Versailles
•Appeasement: Giving into Hitler’s
demands in hopes he would be satisfied and prevent war
•R ise of Fascism
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Living Space
• Germany’s agriculture was insufficient and organized in lots of small farms
• Germany needed a lot of land in order to be self-sufficient in food production
• Plan to take land over Poland, Ukraine, and parts of Eastern Russia and resettle land with Germans so it could feed German people
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Blitzkrieg
• Lightning war• Military technique used by Germans
in World War II• Combined quick movements of
troops, tanks, and massive use of air power to support infantry movement
• Tactic helped Germany roll over must of Europe
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Germany’s attack on Great Britain
• British motivation poster produce in
1939 in preparation of the Second World War
• German air attacks… bombed.. Known as the Blitz
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1941• Russia invaded by
Germany which broke the German-Soviet nonaggression pact (agreement) and opened the Eastern front of the war
• Pearl Harbor bombed by Japan
• Video
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Allied Powers Axis Powers
Germany
Italy
Japan
Great Britain
France
Soviet Union
United States
VS.
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Internment Camps
• Detention centers where more than
100,000 Japanese Americans were located during World War II
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D-Day
• Largest invasion force in history led by Eisenhower
• June 6, 1944 over a million troops stormed the beaches of Normandy and began the process of re-taking France.
• Turning point of World War II
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Hiroshima and Nagasaki
• Atomic bomb was built during World War II under code name the Manhattan Project
• Little boy and Fat boy were the names of the two atomic bombs that were dropped
• Video
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End of the War
• Battle of the Bulge was Germany’s last major offensive in World War II.
• The Allies pushed the Germans back and won.
• 60 million casualties- soldiers and civilians died during World War I
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The Holocaust
• Final Solution: Hitler’s program of systematically killing the entire Jewish population
• Concentration camps were established by Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party for Jews and other political prisoners during the war
• Death Camps were also established for the purpose of killing prisoners immediately- 4,000 people put to death each day at Auschwitz
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Hungarian Jews selected to go to gas chambers at Auschwitz concentration camp
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Execution of Jews by German soldiers
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Men forced to dig their own graves
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Dormitory at a concentration camp
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Freed prisoners of a concentration camp, 1945
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The skulls and bones of thousands of unidentified victims are displayed
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The Holocaust
• 11 Million Killed included 1 million children
• Two-thirds of Jewish people living in Europe at the time of World War II were killed by Nazis
• Israel established as a Homeland in
1948 so massacre like this could never again take place