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Write using COMPLETE sentences
Which site would you have started Ancient Egypt at? WHY?? Give AT LEAST 3 reasons to support your opinion
DO NOWSept. 28th, 2015 – Week 4
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Ancient EGYPT
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Agriculture again is the foundation that allowed civilizations to grow
Began in the Sahara Dessert (10,000B.C.E.) - Steppe grass, lakes, rivers & streams - small monarchies ruled throughout Climate Change (5,000 B.C.E.) - became dessert - drove people & animals to Nile River - few larger civilizations formedEgypt & Nubia
Why Build a civilization in Africa?
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Grassland to dessert
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Why Egypt & Nubia??Relied on Nile River
& Agriculture
Traded with each other
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The Gift of the Nile
“ As far as the eye can see, flood waters cover the land. Here and there, villages stand on slight rises above the swirling river”
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What are the Seasons of Egypt?
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(1) Season of the FloodEvery year the river floods ~100
daysWhile under water the people work
for the pharaoh building temples
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(2) Season of Going OutAs water retreats, the mud is plowed
Wheat & Barley is planted
Small garden for personal use
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(3) Season of the HarvestHarvest 4 months after planting
People keep 1\2
Rest goes to the Pharaoh as tax
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How did Geography and the Nile River give power
and wealth to the Pharaohs?
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Food & Money = POWER- Pharaoh Menes - Able to use the Nile
to increase agriculture
- Rose to power & conquered most of Egypt
- created centralized Gov’t led by Pharaohs
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Land provides ResourcesThey used the resources
the land provided them to…
Built Pyramids
Built Tombs
Created a strong MilitaryHorse ChariotsBronze Weapons
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TOMBS - PYRAMIDS
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How did they set up their Government?
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Social Structure: Patriatchal
PHARAOHSupreme ruler, God
like
CENTRAL GOV’T1. Military
2. Administrators3. Tax Collectors
Common people could rise
LOWER CLASS1. Peasants
2. SlavesProvide hard labor----------------------------
EXCEPTION- Queen Hatsheput
- Co ruled w\ step son Tuthmosis III
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What were Egyptian Achievements ?Sail BoatsHieroglyphics - “Holy
Inscriptions” - 3200B.C.E. - Pictographic &
symbols to represent sounds
- written on papyrus
MummificationOrganized Religion
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Religion Polytheistic: different
gods control the forces of nature
Belief in live after death
Prepared carefully for journey through the underworld to the “Happy Field of Food”
Pyramids: tombs filled with food, clothing & jewels needed for the afterlife
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What was the Egyptian religion and how did Geography affect it?
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GODS
Amon-Re: Sun God, Chief god
Osiris: God of the underworld and of the Nile
(evil Seth, death, wife, resurrected)
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Measure of a heart – Osiris
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How did Egypt fall?
Assyrian Army attacked from the North
Kushite Dynasty attacked from the south
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UNIT: Geography TOPIC: Ancient Egypt
PROMPT: Explain THREE ways the Nile River
affected Ancient Egypt.Then answer the question:
Would Ancient Egypt exist without the Nile? Defend your answer
JOURNAL ENTRY – Sept. 28th 2015