Luminosity Tuning and Luminosity Tuning and Operation Statistics at KEKBOperation Statistics at KEKB
Manabu TanakaMitsubishi Electric System & Service Co., Ltd
Yoshihiro FunakoshiHigh Energy Accelerator Research Organization ( KEK )
WAO10 2010/04 WAO10 2010/04
ContentsContents
・・Introduction Introduction ・・Injection method Injection method ・・Orbit correction at collision point Orbit correction at collision point ・・Knob Knob tuningtuning・・Crab cavitiesCrab cavities・・Skew Skew sextupolesextupole magnetsmagnets
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ContentsContents
・・ Operation period Operation period ・・ Integrated and peak Luminosity Integrated and peak Luminosity ・・ SummarySummary
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Injection methodInjection method
BeforeBefore the the continuous injection mode continuous injection mode
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Injection methodInjection method
After the After the continuous injection mode continuous injection mode
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Injection methodInjection method
TThe present simultaneous injectionhe present simultaneous injection
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Orbit correction at collision pointOrbit correction at collision point
•• MMake a bump ake a bump Near the interaction point (IP) of HERNear the interaction point (IP) of HERwith steering magnets of HERwith steering magnets of HER
•• CalledCalled ““ iBumpiBump feedbackfeedback ““..
•• BBest adjust est adjust →→ The dThe difference of positionifference of position (OOffsetffset))
and angleand angle (crossing anglecrossing angle)) to to 00
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Orbit correction at collision pointOrbit correction at collision point
•• Offset and crossing angle in the verticalOffset and crossing angle in the vertical→→ AAdjusted to 0 djusted to 0
•• Horizontal crossing angle Horizontal crossing angle ( 22mrad )( 22mrad )→→ NNo feedbacko feedback
•• The horizontalThe horizontal ooffsetffset ????→→ Used two kinds of feedbacks Used two kinds of feedbacks
Easy Easy feedbackfeedback && Beam Size feedbackBeam Size feedback
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Orbit correction at collision pointOrbit correction at collision point
•• Easy feedbackEasy feedbackFeedback to keep the ratioFeedback to keep the ratiobetween between the read value of a kick angle of a the read value of a kick angle of a
horizontal steering magnethorizontal steering magnet and and the height of the height of horizontal bumphorizontal bump
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Orbit correction at collision pointOrbit correction at collision point
• Beam Size feedback Keep the LER beam size at some target
value.
•• The feedbacks for the horizontal offset are The feedbacks for the horizontal offset are not used with the crab cavity.not used with the crab cavity.
→→ KKeep the beameep the beam--beam kick at beam kick at some target value.some target value.
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Knob Knob tuningtuningWAO10 2010/04 WAO10 2010/04
Only the collision point Only the collision point →→ iBumpiBump feedbackfeedback ((every 1severy 1s))
OOrbit corrections of rbit corrections of the the ringsrings→→ CCCCCC ((every 10severy 10s))
CCCCCC CCCCCC
3km3km
DX (mm)DX (mm)
DY (mm)DY (mm)
Knob Knob tuningtuning
•• When changed knobs When changed knobs The orbits around the rings are distorted. The orbits around the rings are distorted.
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Knob Knob tuningtuning
BBy fitting the knob set vs. luminosity y fitting the knob set vs. luminosity curve with a parabolic functioncurve with a parabolic function
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Knob Knob tuningtuning
Tuning KnobsTuning Knobs•• iBumpiBump feedbackfeedback
The target value of the horizontal offset, The target value of the horizontal offset, the vertical offset, and the vertical crossing the vertical offset, and the vertical crossing angle are adjusted to the best valueangle are adjusted to the best value. .
•• CouplingCoupling、、vvertical ertical ddispersionispersionThe The xx--yy couplings and the vertical couplings and the vertical
dispersion are important tuning knobs.dispersion are important tuning knobs.
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Knob Knob tuningtuning
CCoupling and vertical dispersion oupling and vertical dispersion tuningtuning panelpanel
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Knob Knob tuningtuning
Tuning KnobsTuning Knobs•• WaistWaist
The minimum position of the vertical beta The minimum position of the vertical beta functionfunction
•• BetatronBetatron--tune tune Tune of Horizontal and VerticalTune of Horizontal and Vertical
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Knob Knob tuningtuning
Tuning KnobsTuning Knobs•• Vertex PointVertex Point
The RF phase of LER is adjusted by the The RF phase of LER is adjusted by the program. program.
•• ChromaticityChromaticitySX is adjusted and to extend beam life. SX is adjusted and to extend beam life.
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Knob Knob tuningtuning
KKnob scanning by DSMnob scanning by DSM
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Luminosity ↑
Knob Knob tuningtuning
MMovement of knobs at DSMovement of knobs at DSM
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HER HER knobsknobs
LER LER knobsknobs
iBumpiBump
Crab cavitiesCrab cavitiesWAO10 2010/04 WAO10 2010/04
KEKB operation with crab cavities
0
400
800
1200
1600
2000
Before After May, 2009
mA
0
5
10
15
20
25
/nb/sHER LER Peak Luminosity
Crab cavitiesCrab cavities
•• WhyWhy HER beam current was able to be HER beam current was able to be increased ? increased ?
1.1. The aperture was extended near the LER The aperture was extended near the LER crab cavities by the Optics change. crab cavities by the Optics change.
22.. The The ββxx in the collision point wasin the collision point wasloosened. loosened.
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Operation periodOperation period
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
Day
s
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Hours
Days Hours
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Operation periodOperation periodThe operation time and contents
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
Ope
rati
on P
eri
od
[Hours
]
Others
Maintenance
Trouble
Beam Tuning
Machine Tuning
Machine Study
Physics Run
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Operation periodOperation period
The operation utilization rates
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fiscal Year
Others
Maintenance
Trouble
Beam Tuning
Machine Tuning
Machine Study
Physics Run
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Integrated and peak LuminosityIntegrated and peak Luminosity
020406080
100120140160180200
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Fiscal Year
(/fb
)
0 .00
0 .10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
(/fb
/day)
Annual Integrated Luminosity Averaged Daily Luminosity
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Operation periodOperation period
Physics Run78%
Machine Tuning7%
Beam Tuning4%
Trouble2% Maintenance
2%
Others0%
Machine Study7%
Physics Run
Machine Study
Machine Tuning
Beam Tuning
Trouble
Maintenance
Others
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Detail content of operation in 2009
Operation periodOperation period
Physics Run72%
Machine Tuning2%
Beam Tuning9%
Machine Study10%
Others0%
Maintenance3%
Trouble4% Physics Run
Machine Study
Machine Tuning
Beam Tuning
Trouble
Maintenance
Others
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Detail content of operation in 2008
Beam abortBeam abortWAO10 2010/04 WAO10 2010/04
HER Weekly Abort 2004/10 ~ 2008/12
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
04/9
04/1
105
/105
/305
/505
/705
/905
/11
06/1
06/3
06/5
06/7
06/9
06/1
107
/107
/307
/507
/707
/907
/11
08/1
08/3
08/5
08/7
08/9
08/1
1
Date
Num
ber
of
abort
s
RF BeamLoss EQ Vac Mag Other Not Ready Crab
Beam abortBeam abortWAO10 2010/04 WAO10 2010/04
LER Weekly Abort 2004/10 ~ 2008/12
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
04/9
04/1
105
/105
/305
/505
/705
/905
/11
06/1
06/3
06/5
06/7
06/9
06/1
107
/107
/307
/507
/707
/907
/11
08/1
08/3
08/5
08/7
08/9
08/1
1
Date
Num
ber
of
abort
s
RF BeamLoss EQ Vac Mag Other Not Ready Crab
Beam abortBeam abortWAO10 2010/04 WAO10 2010/04
Before Crab OperationBefore Crab Operation
Crab OperationCrab Operation
HER Weekly Abort 2004/10 HER Weekly Abort 2004/10 ~~ 2008/122008/12
BeamLoss
RF
Crab
VacMag
Not Ready
OtherEQ
BeamLoss
RFVac
Mag Not ReadyOther
EQ
Beam abortBeam abortWAO10 2010/04 WAO10 2010/04
Before Crab OperationBefore Crab Operation
Crab OperationCrab Operation
LER Weekly Abort 2004/10 LER Weekly Abort 2004/10 ~~ 2008/122008/12
EQ
Other Not Ready
Mag
Vac
RF
BeamLossBeamLoss
RFCrab
VacMag
Ready
Other EQ
Beam abortBeam abortWAO10 2010/04 WAO10 2010/04
HER & LER Crab Abort 2004/10 HER & LER Crab Abort 2004/10 ~~ 2008/122008/12
0
10
20
30
40
07/1
07/3
07/5
07/7
07/9
07/1
1
08/1
08/3
08/5
08/7
08/9
08/1
1
09/1
Date
Num
ber
of
abort
s
HER Crab LER Crab
Breakdown timeBreakdown timeTransition of the trouble according to fiscal
year
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Fiscal Year
(Hour)
Others
Refr igerator
LINAC
Be l le
BM
Contro l
Fac i l i t ies
Safety
RF
BT
Magnets
Vacuum
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Breakdown timeBreakdown time
Trouble details in fiscal year 2008
Vacuum25%
Magnets11%
BT7%
Others19%
Be l le10%
Contro l1%
BM1%
Fac i l i t ies0%
Safety0%
LINAC2%
Refr igerator0%
RF24%
VacuumMagnets BT RF Safety FacilitiesControl
BM Belle LINAC RefrigeratorOthers
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