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YOUTH EMPLOYMENT
SERVICE(YES)
B-BBEE Advisory Council
15 November 20171
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AGENDA▪ CONTEXT
▪ YES OVERVIEW
▪ RANGE OF INCENTIVES
▪ SMME & TOWNSHIP STRATEGY
▪ WHY YES IS DIFFERENT & REQUEST FROM THE COUNCIL
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Physical
Autonomous vehicles
3D printing/4D printing
adapting to conditions
Advanced robotics
New ‘smart’ materials
Digital
Internet of things
Sensors everywhere
blockchain
Biological
Genome sequencing
Personalisedhealthcare/
bioprinting 3D printing of
tissue
Super humans
Modify plants/animals,
write DNA
FourthIndustrial Revolution
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• Domesticate animals
• Transport, physical effort
• Food productionAgrarian
• Railroads• Steam engine and mechanical production
1st Industrial revolution
1760-1840
• Electricity
• Assembly line early 20th century
2nd Industrial revolution
Late 19th century
• Digital-mainframe computers
• Semi conductors
• Personal computing/Internet (1990s)
3rd Industrial revolution
1960’s
• Nanotech, gene sequencing, Internet of things, AI
4th Industrial revolution
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NEW WORLD ORDER.
Detroit 1990
• 3 biggest companies
• Market cap-$36 billion
• Revenues-$250 billion
• 1,2 million employees
Silicon Valley 2014
• 3 biggest companies
• Market cap $1,09 trillion
• Revenues-$247 billion
• 137 000 employees
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Buses will not just run off green energy but actually power themselves via energy harvesting shock absorbers and solar roofs, pointing to the already available energy-independent eight seater developed by Nanowinn Technologies in China.
Toyota is working on 3D printed seats featuring sensors, heaters and coolers and covered in smart fabric.
Driverless bus trials beginin Australia (Dec 20th 2016)
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0
0,25
0,5
0,75
1
1,25
1,5
1,75
2
2,25
2,5
2,75
3
3,25
3,5
3,75
4
4,25
4,5
4,75
5
5,25
5,5
5,75
6
6,25
6,5
Q1 - 2017 Q2 - 2017Source: Stats SA, QLFS Q3 2017
Total Male Female
Q1 Q35,85
Million
5,91Million
3,05Million
2,80Million
Un
emp
loym
en
t (m
illio
ns)
2,84
Million
3,07
Million
Youth unemployment is a crisis in SA (18-34 years)
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Not in employment, education or training (neet) figures
0,30
1,13 1,15
0,90
0,38
1,321,37
1,15
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1,20
1,40
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34
Millions
NEET Figures Q3 2017: 15 – 34 (Millions)
Male Female
Source: Stats SA QLFS Q3 2017
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61
467
448
600
1 181
2 097
2 174
2 589
0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply
Mining and quarrying
Transport, storage and communication
Construction
Manufacturing
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles, motor
cycles and personal and household goods; hotels and…
Financial intermediation, insurance, real estate and business
services
Community, social and personal services
Number of employees (thousands)
Ind
ust
ry
Number of employed people in South Africa as at June 2017Excluding agriculture and informal sectors
Source: Quarterly Employment Survey (QES) - June 2017
Total number of employed people in formal non-agricultural jobs:
9 617 000
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Unemployment and educational attainment
Source: Stats SA QLFS Q3 2017
7 322 990 5 161 854 3 729 113
5 766 970
2 846 866
838 195
-
2 000 000
4 000 000
6 000 000
8 000 000
10 000 000
12 000 000
14 000 000
Less Than Matric Matric Graduate/Diplomate
Employment vs Unemployment
Employed Unemployed
Figures utilise the Stats SA “Expanded Definition” of unemployment
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PSYCHO-SOCIAL EFFECTS:
11
INCREASING ISOLATION/ DEPRESSION
SCARRING EFFECT WHICH INCREASES
EACH YEAR
SOCIETAL BREAKDOWN-DRUGS, VIOLENCE,
PREGNANCY
DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDEND NOT
REALISED
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Top Global 3 Management Consulting firm (European MBA applicants)Aptitude for Achievement
Ap
titu
de
for
Dat
a Sc
ien
ce
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Median work search costs:
Spatial marginalisation coupled with lack of access to resources and opportunities leads to high work search costs for black youth.
R350 + R200 = R550*
* Median work search costs in Graham, L., Patel, L., Chowa, G., Masa de Vera, R., Khan, Z., Williams, L., & Mthembu, S. (2016). Youth assets for employability: An evaluation of youth employability interventions. CSDA. 2016
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Source: Singizi Report, Spier Presentation 2017
What happens to one million youth who enter the job market annually
Youth without matric or TVET (direct entry)
Up to 56%
Recent matriculants 22%
FE Graduates 5%
HE drop outs 3%
Youth with trade or occupational qualification 4%
HE Graduates 10%
Youth seeks with through:
- Door knocking
- Public employment
programmes
- Placement agencies
- Social networks
Unemployed – discouraged 29%
Unemployed – seeking 35%
Within 1 year
Informal employment 8%
Formal employment 6%
NEA (education) 21%
Yout
h ent
eri
ng t
he la
bour
ma
rket
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ANNUAL PUBLIC
EXPENDITURE
Annual public expenditure
Source: B-BBEE Commission (2016). National State of Transformation and Trend Analysis National Report
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56 354
3 408
62 115
52 554
0
10 000
20 000
30 000
40 000
50 000
60 000
70 000
JSE Top 100
Companies
Rest Of JSE Companies Large Unlisted Private
Companies (>50)
SMMEs
YES Contribution by
Firm Size
-No public sector-white owned SMMES-NO SMMEs under 10
employees
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17
Aim of YES is to turn this around:-technology-creativity-incentives
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YES OVERVIEW
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CORE OBJECTIVES
The Creation of one million new work opportunities in existing firms intended specifically for youth
Promoting the capacity of SMMEs with paid for youth labour
Create new cohorts of SMMEs through value chain initiatives and knowledge share in collaboration with industry champions
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WHY YES?
20
Many initiatives-no assimilation
platform
Require scaled
solution and synergy of
efforts
Many supply side ideas
Demand is absent.
Jobless growth
Need to shift industrial structure-
SMME DEV
Create jobs in new places
where the unemployed
are
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YES target groups
YES will target youth that:
▪ are between 18 to 35 years old
▪ are Black Persons
▪ meet the YES placement requirements
YES aims to place youth into:
▪ Large corporates &
▪ SMMEs
▪ Emerging Enterprises
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Companies& youth
sign up onto YES platforms
22
1Youth buildonline
profiles2
Companies choose to takeon YES youth
internally or sponsor host placements
3Youth are matched to positions through the YES matching algorithm
4Youth enter workplaces for a 12-month programme5
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YES INCENTIVE PACKAGE
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Average Cost
to company
R3500 p/m
ETI Claim:
R12000 per
annum
Average
training cost:
R15k p/a
Proposed
B-BBEE
incentive
Yearly Cost to
Company:
R57 000 p/a
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Proposed DTI YES incentives. *sub-minimums must be met
Achieve yes target
Move one level up on
the status table
Achieve 1.5x yes target
Move one level up +
Yes 8 points to add to
total on table
Double yes target
Move two levels up
Achieve target + 20% absorption
ratio
Move two levels up
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Impact of Proposed BEE YES
incentive
Impact of Proposed BEE YES incentive
▪ Requirements to qualify will severely hamper uptake of young people into the workforce
▪ Most firms will not qualify to participate
▪ Will render the youth employment initiative as failed and marginal attempt to address the large youth unemployment issue
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Motivation for change of
the Codes
Motivation for change in Codes
▪ Majority of youth entering the labour market are excluded
▪ Current lion’s share of funding for skills and training is focused on youth who are already functional in the educational system
▪ Those with poor matric or no matric are left on their own with little state support
▪ These are the candidates who should be benefitting from broad-based transformation
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SMME & TOWNSHIP STRATEGY
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1 million Youth Placed into Work
Corporate Work Experiences SMME “Host Placements” Creating Micro-Enterprises
*R42 000 annual salary x 200 000 YES candidates.
YES has three delivery channels
Through these channels, YES will activate, at minimum an additional R8.4 billion in personal income in the economy per year. *
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Digital registration: Done wherever you are
Youth build a profile online
Learn on the platform: Work readiness training
Frontier tech for matching and learning
Youth matched to work starter experiences in corporates and host companies
Youth journey
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Community of YES
peers
YES App
Data Zero-Rated: Free
to use
Continuous
Monitoring &
Evaluation
Constant
Guidance
Supported by
Community Hubs
Communicates YES values
of hard work &
commitment
Work readiness
training
Creates YES
Reference letter
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YES RURAL AND
TOWNSHIP HUBS
TOWNSHIP STRATEGY
▪ Training in relevant, demand-led skills
▪ Empower township businesses and startups with needed skills
▪ Overcome spatial marginalization by bringing opportunities ‘to the people’
▪ Outsource corporate BPO work – e.g. data capturing and coding
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Short, demand-led
learning programmes
Learners placed in
township businesses
Fin Services
SkillsICT Training
Hospitality
&CateringWork ReadinessArtisan
Trades
Corporates outsource
work to centre
Hubs act as
entrepreneurial centres
Training coupled with community based work experience
33
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CREATING MICRO
ENTERPRISES
MICRO-ENTERPRISE STRATEGY
▪ YES will fuel demand-side job growth through nurturing micro-enterprises
▪ Micro-enterprises will energize and capacitate the entrepreneurial spirit of black youth
▪ Young people will be empowered to start their own micro-enterprises and will receive support through
▪ Business literacy and entrepreneurship training▪ Encouraging big business to provide seed funding via
sponsored salaries▪ Integration into value chain through inclusive business
opportunities
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Jozi Digital Ambassadors
• Youth empowered to
start microenterprises
• Youth train people to
use free city Wi-Fi in
Gauteng
• Paid by City of Joburg
per transaction
completed
Zoona
• FinTech solution for
underserved segments
• Empowering women to
create microenterprises
in Africa; ‘business-in-
a-box’ solutions
Shakti
• Indian based project
• Women empowered
to build
entrepreneurial
micro-enterprises
selling Unilever
products
• 45K entrepreneurs
selling to 3mn
household by 2011
DeciCrew
• Desicrew offers BPO
work to non-urban
population that seeks
to expand the
economic by
leveraging local
talent pools,
providing a
competitive
advantage to our
customers.
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CORE OBJECTIVESMICRO-ENTERPRISES
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Offer services including: generating, populating and moderating content, digitisation, live chat responses, mail room activities, project management, secondary research, transcription, translation, beta testing of web products, localisation of web products and website monitoring, mass banking services e.g. onboarding new clients, data capture
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WHY YES IS DIFFERENT
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WHY YES
• YES is collaborative and involves multiple stakeholder groups with practical cooperation between business, government, organised labour and community.
• Close relationship with business that builds shared narrative of a compact towards inclusive growth and change.
• YES will provide work starter experiences to unemployed youth that will offer a springboard to improve future work prospects.
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Source: Singizi Report, Spier Presentation 2017
What happens to one million youth who enter the job market annually
Youth without matric or TVET (direct entry)
Up to 56%
Recent matriculants 22%
FE Graduates 5%
HE drop outs 3%
Youth with trade or occupational qualification 4%
HE Graduates 10%
Youth seeks with through:
- Door knocking
- Public employment
programmes
- Placement agencies
- Social networks
Unemployed – discouraged 29%
Unemployed – seeking 35%
Within 1 year
Informal employment 8%
Formal employment 6%
NEA (education) 21%
Yout
h ent
eri
ng t
he la
bour
ma
rket
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ANNUAL PUBLIC
EXPENDITURE
Annual public expenditure
Source: B-BBEE Commission (2016). National State of Transformation and Trend Analysis National Report
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What we need
A B-BBEE incentive that is significantly transformational and is broad-based
Create a scaled solution to tackling youth unemployment using the mandate of
the B-BBEE legislation
Urgent need to use existing structures and legislation to address the youth
unemployment crisis
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44
Say YES today for South Africa’s youth tomorrow