Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
Dr. Natalia Stryzhakova, Deputy R&D Director
Supercapacitors Europe, Berlin, April 17-18, 2013
Table of contents
1. Brief company presentation
2. C/C supercapacitors: YUNASKO approach to reduce ESR and RC values
3. YUNASKO hybrid devices
4. Conclusions and Acknowledgements
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
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About Yunasko
YUNASKO Ltd is registered in the UK since Feb. 2010 and has the subsidiary company: YUNASKO-Ukraine with R&D, Design Bureau and Pilot Plant (team 60+).
The core R&D team has 23 years of experience in UC technology. Previous R&D projects included:- Idaho National Laboratory (1996-1997)- Superfarad/Skeleton Technologies (1996-2002)- Ener1 Group (2004-2005)- APowerCap Technologies (2006-2009)
Pilot Plant managers have wide experience in the capacitor industry (former “Kation” Plant in Ukraine).
Near perspectives: scale production in Europe and Asia.
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
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Energy storage system classification
2-6 Wh/kg; 1-10 kW/kgEDLC ACAC
Battery BN BP 15-200 Wh/kg; 1-5 kW/kg
ACBN
AC BPInternalSerialHybrids
10-20 Wh/kg; ~2 kW/kg
AC/LMOAC/LTOInternalParallelHybrids
D.Cericola et al. J.Power Sources, 2011, v.196, p.10305-10313D.Cericola, R. Kötz. Electrochim. Acta, 2012, v.72, p.1-17.
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
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EDLC vs. Hybrid capacitor (HC)
NPT CCC111
EDLC
2)(NP
T
CC
1. Capacitance
HC(Internal Serial)
)(NPT CC
2. Resistance
3. Voltage
W.G.Pell, B.E.Conway. J.Power Source, 2004, v.136, p.334-345
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
Low internal resistance, Rin - key advantage of SC devices in various applications
Heat generation = ʃI2Rint (low heat generation implies simple design and safety)
Efficiency = RLoad/(RLoad + Rin)(high efficiency is important for KERS and many other applications)
Power output ~ 1/ Rin
(high power density allows to meet customer requirements with less mass)
Also MASS and COST reduction!6
Quick response (low RC-constant)(is important for grid frequency regulation)
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
rAl-C ~ 0.01
rC ~ 0.07
Thus: rEl ~ 0.9
“pore resistance” ~ 0.7
SC resistivity (in W.cm2)
total ~ 1.0
Though: rEl-in-bulk ~ 0.2
Yunasko approach to reduce R and RC
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
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Correlation of diffusion coefficients in pores with SC resistance
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 161
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
Diffusion coefficient, D, 10-10 m2/s
EDLC
resi
stiv
ity, R
, Ohm
.cm
2
Diffusion coefficients of BF4- anions and EtMe3N+cations in NP carbons
(pulsed field-gradient 19F NMR measurements, see: Y. Cohen, L. Avram, L. Frish; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2005, 44, p.520 )
1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.20.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.7
Diffusion coefficient, D, 10-10 m2/sED
LC re
sist
ivity
, R, O
hm.c
m2
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
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Correlation of diffusion coefficients in pores with SC resistance
Diffusion coefficients of Fc+ cations in NP carbons (Rotating Disc Electrode measurements, see: A.J.Bard, L.R.Faulkner; Electrochemical Methods. Fundamentals and Applications (2nd ed.); Wiley, 2001, p.335 )
NOTE: in bulk solution
Deff = 10.1×10-10 m2/s
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
RC-constant comparison1
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1) source: JME and ITS test results, also Producer’s site;2) non-acetonitrile based electrolyte
Nippon Chemi-Con2
Maxwell Technologies
Ioxus
Nesscap
BatScap
Wima
Yunasko
1.1 s
0.5 ÷ 0.7 s
~ 0.7 s
0.5 ÷ 0.7 s
0.4 ÷ 0.5 s
~ 0.7 s
0.15 ÷ 0.20 s
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
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Recent Yunasko SC modules
15 V, 200 F:
max working voltage 16.2 V max surge voltage 18.0 V dc pulse resistance 0.5 mΩmass 2.5 kg (equipped with voltage balancing system and temperature sensor)
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
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Yunasko competitive advantage: low heat generation
Continuous cycling the module over 8 hours
basic city duty cycle
ΔT:cells in the centre
cells at the edge
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
YUNASKO hybrid device
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Operation voltage
2.7 ÷ 1.35 V
Capacity 1250 mAh
Weight 75 g
Operation temperature
-40 ÷ +60 °C
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
Yunasko hybrids - Ragone plot
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
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Hybrid capacitor cycle life
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 1000060
80
100
120
140
160
180
Q/Q
0 (R/R
0), %
Cycle number
Charge/discharge 20A CC Q/Q
0 R/R
0
Test resultsDevice C,
F
ESR,
mW
RC,
sec
Energy,
Wh/kg
Power(95% eff),
kW/kg
Match.Imped.Power,kW/kg
Maxwell Tech a 605 .90 .55 2.4 1.1 9.6
Maxwell Tech c 1200 .29 .35 3.9 2.5 22.5
Ioxus a 2000 .54 1.1 4.0 0.9 8.2
Ioxus c 3000 .17 .51 4.5 2.4 21.5
NessCap a 3160 .4 1.3 4.4 1.0 8.7
BatScap a 2680 .2 .54 4.2 2.05 18.2
Yunasko a,b 1200 .11 .13 4.6 9.7 85.9Yunasko a,b 1500 .10 .13 4.6 9.2 81.9Yunasko c 1200 .08 .10 4.3 11.0 95.3Yunasko-hybrid a,c 6000 1.0 6.0 36 4.5 ~40JSR Micro a 2000 1.9 3.8 12 1.0 9.2
a) ITS test results;b) JME test results;c) YUNASKO test results for BCAP1200 P270 K2, RSC2R7308 LR, SP4 16
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
Conclusions
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1. Yunasko has found a method to significantly reduce ESR (US and EU patents pending).
2. Due to low ESR Yunasko devices demonstrate the highest power density and do not require active cooling in many applications.
3. YUNASKO hybrid devices based on mechanical mixture of LIB and SC components provide the energy density of 36 W.h/kg accompanied by low internal resistance and good cycle life.
4. Optimal market niches for hybrid devices can be related with the tasks that require the operation at high power but at the same time specific energy of SC devices is not enough.
Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
Acknowledgements
Special thanks to my R&D and Design Bureau colleagues: Dr. Y.Maletin, Dr. S.Zelinskyi, Dr. D.Tretyakov, S.Chernukhin,S.Podmogilny, S.Tychina, O.Gozhenko, A.Maletin, D.Drobny, and A.Slezin
Our Pilot Plant and Administrative Department: For the great support, diligence and dedication to work
Many thanks to Dr. Andrew F. Burke (ITS) and Dr. John R. Miller (JME) for their measurements and stimulating discussions
Financial support from FP7 Project # 286210 (Energy Caps) is very much acknowledged
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Yunasko supercapacitors – the best choice to get both high power and energy density
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Please visit us at: www.yunasko.com
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