dr nigel preston worldfish
TRANSCRIPT
Aquaculture development
in Timor-Leste
Nigel Preston – Director General WorldFish
WorldFish Mission
To reduce poverty and hunger by improving fisheries
and aquaculture
A rapidly changing world: Population growth
A rapidly changing world: Sources of animal protein
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Mil
lio
n T
on
s
Source: EPI from FAO
Pork
Mutton
Poultry
Wild Fish
Farmed Fish
Eggs
Beef
Farmed Fish
Beef
Wild Fish
Poultry
Pork
Eggs
Sustainability of animal protein production
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1 2 3 4
Cattle
(feed-lot)
Pig Chicken Catfish
Fe
ed
co
nve
rsio
n r
ati
o
Fish for micronutrients and brain development
• Low fish intake 50% greater risk of lower verbal IQ
• Suboptimal fine motor, communication, social development.
Omega 3 and omega 6 Fatty Acids Micronutrients: Rich in Vitamins D,
B12 and B6. o Vitamin D
Important for bone health, and for immunity.
o B12 Vital for normal brain and
nervous system function. o Vitamin B6
Plays an important role in converting food in to energy and helping the body to metabolize fats and proteins.
Population 1.07 million.
Kg/yr Total Urban Coastal Rural
Fish consumption 6.1 6.0 17.6 4.0
Meat consumption 13.3 19.1 12.1 12.6
Fisheries 3,250 tonnes
Aquaculture 50 tonnes
Target fish consumption 15.0 by 2030
1,500 households
Timor-Leste National Aquaculture Strategy - practical
guidance for socially and environmentally responsible
aquaculture
National Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Timor‐Leste 2012
• Investing in the future health of the nation - improving food and nutrition security in Timor‐Leste via fisheries and aquaculture
• Timor‐Leste has over 700 km of coastline, opportunity to development both coastal fisheries and aquaculture.
• Coastal fishery resources may be able to meet the animal protein source demand of the coastal communities but interior population has little access to these resources.
• Need for separate, specific strategies for freshwater and marine aquaculture
• Immediate opportunity to develop freshwater aquaculture for food security and poverty alleviation
Fisheries and aquaculture challenges and
opportunities
Optimal sites for freshwater aquaculture
GIFT • Grows 50 to 80% faster
• Hardy
• Sent to 16 countries
• GIFT-technology used globally
Low risk to native fish population in Timor-Leste
• Farms are only stocked with male fish (faster growth)
• Females are mouth brooders (non dispersive)
• Natural waterways are seasonal, fast flowing not natural
habitat for Tilapia
Production of farmed tilapia by country (million tonnes)
Source: FAO 2012; graphic by Epipelagic
Other countries
Brazil
Taiwan
Thailand
Philippines
Indonesia
Egypt
China
Improved tilapia production: Egypt, Bangladesh, Philippines, India, (Timor-Leste)
2oo million people consuming improved tilapia by
2022
0.7 million metric tonnes
2022
0.146 million metric tonnes
2014
Rapid transformation of old to new hatchery
and broodstock production
New hatchery and broodstock rearing facility in
full production
• 10, 000 GIFT Broodstock imported from Malaysia
• 4,200 broodstock used for production (4 ponds)
• 100,000 eggs harvested per week
• So far 70,000 fingerlings to farmers (another 50,000 today)
• Hatchery target 4 million fingerlings per year
• 40 tonnes scheduled for harvest in October 2016
Fish farmer Marcelino Pereira and his wife, from Lacoliu village in Baucau municipality, Timor-Leste, eating a lunch of tilapia, rice and vegetables. The tilapia was grown in ponds on their land.
“Before, we didn’t even have fish once a year. Now, at least twice a week we eat fish.” – Marcelino Pereira, fish farmer - Lacoliu village
Production and consumption using 5% of
suitable aquaculture area
200 m2 pond: 100 kg fish annually (5 t/ha) with a modest feed and pond input
Small-scale fish farmers in Asia typically sell 60% of total fish produced.
12,000 t fish (mostly from tilapia) by 2030:
7200t likely to be sold (local and Dili markets)
4800 t for household consumption
Need 4000 ha of ponds
Household average 0.1 ha
40,000 households
Assumptions and projections 2012-2030 using
12.5 % of suitable aquaculture area
Population of TL 2012: 1.07 million
Estimated population in 2030: 2 million
Total fish required to meet 15 kg annual per capita
consumption target (for 2 million people) by 2030: 30,000
t/year
o 12.5% of suitable freshwater ha would produce 30,000 t
($75 M) – 100,000 households
o capture fisheries ?
Opportunity for new aquafeed industry (55,000 t)
Retailing
Processing
Consumer
Post-harvest
Storage and
Distribution
ENERGY WATER WASTE
• Energy
• Water
• Waste
Production
The supply chain
Marine aquaculture challenges and opportunities
Need to update strategy based on rigorous analysis
Small-scale production shrimp, milk-fish
Larger volume, low value: seaweed
Large-scale, high value: grouper, barramundi
high risk needs rigorous evaluation: sites,
ownership, competition, markets ?
Summary
Partnership between Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries,
WorldFish, donors and local communities has established a
new, sustainable freshwater aquaculture industry that has
a high probability of success of improving food security and
reducing poverty for between 40,000 and 100,000
households in Timor-Leste
Opportunity for equivalent rigorous evaluation of the
potential for marine aquaculture: sites, ownership,
completion, markets
Thank You