drift-reducing nozzles rich affeldt extension crop scientist jefferson county acknowledgment: dr....

Drift-Reducing NozzlesRich AffeldtExtension Crop ScientistJefferson County

Acknowledgment: Dr. Tom Wolf, Agri-Food CanadaDr. Bob Wolf, Kansas State UniversityMark Mellbye, OSU Extension

Quick review: Nozzles Are Labeled by Spray Angle and OutputAn 8002 is?800And?0.2 gpm at 40 psi.

Choosing nozzles is usually a balance between coverage and drift potential.

Nozzle Types

Conventional Flat Fan (XR)ProvenWide pressure rangePotential for drift

Drift Reduction Pre-OrificeTeeJet DG Drift GuardTurbo TeeJetTurbo FloodJet

Drift Guard (DG)Pre-orifice chamber reduces internal nozzle pressure30-60 psi creates similar amount of fines as normal flat fan at 15-25 psiHigher pressure prevents tailing-off at ends of boomFlat FanDrift Guard

Turbo TeeJet (TT)Pre orifice turbulence chamberWide angle, flood-type, 15-90 psiMedium to coarse droplets

Turbo TeeJet (TT)

Color BCPC US

BCPC Data

Pressure (psi)

152030354550606575808595100116

TT 11001CMMMMFFFFFFFF

TT 110015CCMMMMMMFFFFF

TT 11002VCCCCMMMMMMFFF

TT 11003VCCCCCMMMMMMMM

TT 11004XCVCCCCCCCMMMMM

TT 11005XCXCVCCCCCCCCCCM

&CBCPC Data

&L&F&RMay 2000

B&W BCPC US

BCPC Data

XR TeeJetGPM (PSI)

152229364451586573808794102116

XR 8001MFFFFFFFVFVFVF

XR 80015MMMFFFFFFFVF

XR 8002MMMMMFFFFFF

XR 8003MMMMMMMFFFF

XR 8004CCCMMMMMMMM

XR 8005CCCCCMMMMMM

XR 8006CCCCCCCMMMM

XR 8008VCCCCCCCCMMM

XR 11001FFFVFVFVFVFVFVFVFVF

XR 110015FFFFFVFVFVFVFVFVF


XR 11003MMMFFFFFFFF

XR 11004MMMMFFFFFFF

XR 11005MMMMMMFFFFF

XR 11006CMMMMMMMMFF

XR 11008CCMMMMMMMMF

TP 8001FFFFFFVFVFVF

TP 80015MFFFFFFFVF

TP 8002MMMFFFFFF

TP 8003MMMMMFFFF

TP 8004CMMMMMMMM

TP 8005CCCMMMMMM

TP 8006CCCCCMMMM

TP 8008CCCCCCMMM

TP 11001FVFVFVFVFVFVFVFVF

TP 110015FFFVFVFVFVFVFVF

TP 11002FFFFFFVFVFVF

TP 11003MFFFFFFFF

TP 11004MMFFFFFFF

TP 11005MMMMFFFFF

TP 11006MMMMMMMFF

TP 11008MMMMMMMMF

AI 110015VCVCVCVCVCCCCCMMM

AI 11002XCVCVCVCVCVCCCCCMM

AI 110025XCXCVCVCVCVCVCCCCCM

AI 11003XCXCXCXCVCVCVCCCCCM

AI 11004XCXCXCXCVCVCVCCCCCC

AI 11005XCXCXCXCXCVCVCVCCCCC







TF - 2XCXCXCXCXCXCXCXCXCXCXC

TF - 2.5XCXCXCXCXCXCXCXCXCXCXC






TJ60-8001FVFVFVFVFVFVFVFVFVFVF

TJ60-8002FFFFFFVFVFVFVFVF

TJ60-8003FFFFFFFFFFF

TJ60-8004MMMMFFFFFFF

TJ60-8006MMMMMMMMMMF

TJ60-8008CCMMMMMMMMM

TJ60-8010CCCMMMMMMMM



TJ60-11004MFFFFFFFFFF

TJ60-11006MMMFFFFFFFF

TJ60-11008MMMMMMMFFFF

TJ60-11010MMMMMMMMMMM

DG80015CMMMMFFFFFF

DG8002CCCMMMMMMFF

DG8003CCCCMMMMMMM

DG8004VCCCCCCMMMMM

DG8005VCCCCCCCMMMM

DG110015MMMFFFFFFFF

DG11002CCMMMMMFFFF

DG11003CCCMMMMMFFF

DG11004VCCCCMMMMMMM

DG11005VCCCCCMMMMMM

DG95015ECMMMFFFFFFFFF

DG9502ECCCMMMMMMFFFF

DG9503ECCCCMMMMMMFFF

DG9504EVCCCCCMMMMMMMM

DG9505EVCCCCCCMMMMMMM

B&W BCPC Metric

BCPC Data

XR TeeJetl/min(bar)

11.522.533.544.555.566.578



XR 8002MMMMMFFFFFF

XR 8003MMMMMMMFFFF

XR 8004CCCMMMMMMMM

XR 8005CCCCCMMMMMM

XR 8006CCCCCCCMMMM

XR 8008VCCCCCCCCMMM




XR 11003MMMFFFFFFFF

XR 11004MMMMFFFFFFF

XR 11005MMMMMMFFFFF

XR 11006CMMMMMMMMFF

XR 11008CCMMMMMMMMF

TP 8001FFFFFFVFVFVF

TP 80015MFFFFFFFVF

TP 8002MMMFFFFFF

TP 8003MMMMMFFFF

TP 8004CMMMMMMMM

TP 8005CCCMMMMMM

TP 8006CCCCCMMMM

TP 8008CCCCCCMMM




TP 11003MFFFFFFFF

TP 11004MMFFFFFFF

TP 11005MMMMFFFFF

TP 11006MMMMMMMFF

TP 11008MMMMMMMMF

































DG80015CMMMMFFFFFF

DG8002CCCMMMMMMFF

DG8003CCCCMMMMMMM

DG8004VCCCCCCMMMMM

DG8005VCCCCCCCMMMM

DG110015MMMFFFFFFFF

DG11002CCMMMMMFFFF

DG11003CCCMMMMMFFF

DG11004VCCCCMMMMMMM

DG11005VCCCCCMMMMMM






Color BCPC Metric

BCPC Data

XR TeeJetl/min(bar)

11.522.533.544.555.566.578



XR 8002MMMMMFFFFFF

XR 8003MMMMMMMFFFF

XR 8004CCCMMMMMMMM

XR 8005CCCCCMMMMMM

XR 8006CCCCCCCMMMM

XR 8008VCCCCCCCCMMM




XR 11003MMMFFFFFFFF

XR 11004MMMMFFFFFFF

XR 11005MMMMMMFFFFF

XR 11006CMMMMMMMMFF

XR 11008CCMMMMMMMMF

TP 8001FFFFFFVFVFVF

TP 80015MFFFFFFFVF

TP 8002MMMFFFFFF

TP 8003MMMMMFFFF

TP 8004CMMMMMMMM

TP 8005CCCMMMMMM

TP 8006CCCCCMMMM

TP 8008CCCCCCMMM




TP 11003MFFFFFFFF

TP 11004MMFFFFFFF

TP 11005MMMMFFFFF

TP 11006MMMMMMMFF

TP 11008MMMMMMMMF

































DG80015CMMMMFFFFFF

DG8002CCCMMMMMMFF

DG8003CCCCMMMMMMM

DG8004VCCCCCCMMMMM

DG8005VCCCCCCCMMMM

DG110015MMMFFFFFFFF

DG11002CCMMMMMFFFF

DG11003CCCMMMMMFFF

DG11004VCCCCMMMMMMM

DG11005VCCCCCMMMMMM






Air Induced (Venturi-type)Venturi chamber mixes air with spray solutionCoarse droplets with few finesNot like conventional nozzles at low pressure

Air Induced (Venturi-type)Be aware of:Differences in pressure operating rangeEase of cleaningAbility to fit into existing nozzle capsEight brands available in North America

TeeJet Air InductionOther similar designsStainless steel tipAvailable even fan40-100 psiBest from 60-80 psiRequires special cap

Greenleaf TurboDropMost proven30-150 psiBest from 60-80TurboDrop XLLower pressure version

Greenleaf AirMixRelatively newLower pressure than most venturi-type15-90 psiBest from 25-60 psi

New release in 2007:XR outlet with venturi air aspirator designMore compact than AI style2-piece with removable pre-orifice

AI XR TeeJet

Next Generation Air Induction Nozzles:More compactLarger dropsOperates at lower pressuresPercentage of fines do not increase with pressureTurbo Injection - TTI

Next Generation Air Induction Nozzles:More consistent dropletAll-in-one cap and screenWide angle with 20 degree inclineAim forward or backwordGuardian

Volume Median Diameter

Nozzles-Recommended Use

40 psiXR nozzle70 psi AI nozzle

Comparison with Greenleaf venturi type % spray < 100 micronsAbout2%

Comparison with Greenleaf venturi type% spray < 100 microns2%

Nozzle Summary1. Conventional (XR) Proven, wide pressure range, drift prone2. Pre-orifice (DG, TT) Proven, higher pressures, 50% less drift3. Low-Pressure Air Induced (venturi)Reasonable press., more water, 50-70% less drift4. High Pressure Air Induced (venturi)Higher press, more water, 70-95% less drift

Twin Jet NozzlesOften marketed for better canopy penetrationResearch at KSU in soybean showed less canopy penetration than a single orifice nozzle

Calibration!!!!The next phase!Ensuring that the spray droplet spectrum is what it is supposed to be to maximize efficacy while minimizing drift!

Volume Median Diameter

Source: Crop Life July 2002>150151-250251-350351-450451-550>551

Droplet Selection/Calibration:

Droplet Spectra Classification*

Greenleaf Droplet chart:

Volume Median Diameter (VMD) 40 psi 40 psi 40 psi 70 psi% less than 210 Microns3751363545233014152619221413221017292915 Bob Klein, U of Nebraska Percent fines

On the Internethttp://agbiopubs.sdstate.edu/articles/FS919.pdfSummary of drift reducing nozzleswww.bae.ksu.edu/faculty/wolf/A leading expert on nozzle technologyhttp://www.teejet.comhttp://www.turbodrop.com/http://aandlsupply.comRegional supplier of GreenLeaf nozzles

VariTarget:Speed variations from 2-20 MPHApplication rates of 5-40 GPAVariable area pre orificeVariable area spray orificeOptimize spray droplet sizeMaintain efficacy and minimize drift

www.spraytarget.com

*The first generation of drift-reduction nozzles created larger droplets by using a pre-orifice design. The spray liquid flows through the pre-orifice into an interior chamber then out through an exit orifice that is ususally twice as large, thus reducing the pressure. Turbulence is reduced inside the chamber, and this reduces the number of fine droplets, making the droplet size more uniform. This type includes the TeeJet DG (drift guard) and the newer Turbo TeeJet nozzle, as well as the Turbo Floodjet. Floodjet nozzles all produce relatively large droplets, but the older standard floojets also produce a lot of driftable fines as well (because of shear).*****Nozzles put out a range of droplet sizes. Manufacturers try to design them so that the droplet size is as uniform as possible and so that they produce as few driftable fines as possible. Volume Median Diameter is one measurement for comparing nozzles by droplet size. The VMD for a given nozzle at a given pressure means half of the spray volume is smaller droplets and half of the volume is larger droplets (more smaller droplets but same amount of spray). *Beginning with the extended range flat fan nozzle (all major manufactures have one), continuing with the design of preorifice inserts and turbulation chambers, and now with the venturi style nozzle design, nozzle manufacturer's have worked to develop nozzles that are improving the quality of spray emitted. *Nozzles put out a range of droplet sizes. Manufacturers try to design them so that the droplet size is as uniform as possible and so that they produce as few driftable fines as possible. Volume Median Diameter is one measurement for comparing nozzles by droplet size. The VMD for a given nozzle at a given pressure means half of the spray volume is smaller droplets and half of the volume is larger droplets (more smaller droplets but same amount of spray). *Summary chart with descriptions and approximate droplet sizes recommended. Important to mention the relative size so they can keep it in perspective.*This nozzle has been built for the task. Developed at the U of TN, sold to Delevan (Patent Squabble rumored), AgCo selling it. They are pushing on new sprayers. Most buyers have no idea about it. It has also been marketed in aerial applications and some problems are reported. The varialble orifices (flexible rubber parts) may not hold up to acres and acres of use. Some adjustments have been made to the gaskets but. I have proposed a study with the KS Corn Board and am in the final screening for a go. There are no research trials showing efficacy and durability of this nozzle. Time will tell but is sorely needed. Priced at $65-85 per nozzle.

drift-reducing nozzles rich affeldt extension crop scientist jefferson county acknowledgment: dr....

Documents

drift potential

normal flat fan

tom wolf

psihigher pressure

bob wolf

spray angle

internal nozzle pressure30

osu extensionquick review