DROP IN FUELS 2020: Deployment OutlookBiocrude, Renewable Diesel, DME and Biojet Markets, Feedstocks, Technologies & ForecastsDROP IN FUELS 2020: Deployment Outlook

DROP IN FUELS 2020: A Global Market SurveyRenewable Diesel, Biocrude and Renewable Jet Fuels Markets, Feedstocks and Forecasts from 2015 to 2020

DROP IN FUELS 2020: A Global Market Survey

MARKET STUDY PROSPECTUSAvailable 2Q 2018 fromEmerging Markets Online - Tel +1 713 429 4905 Email info@emerging-markets.com Web: www.emerging-markets.com

In t roduct ion and Execut ive Summary

E m e r g i n g M a r k e t s O n l i n e - T e l + 1 7 1 3 4 2 9 4 9 0 5 E m a i l i n f o @ e m e r g i n g - m a r k e t s . c o m W e b : w w w . e m e r g i n g - m a r k e t s . c o m

DROP IN FUELS 2020: A Global Market SurveyRenewable Diesel , B iocrude, Bio jet , ATJ Producers, Markets, Feedstocks, Technologies & Forecasts f rom 2015-2020DROP IN FUELS 2020: A Global Market Survey

Rapid Global Market Growth

Trends , Out look , & Opportuni t ies Market Forecasts and Scenar ios to 2020

Commercial ization and Technology Roadmaps

The global market for renewable diesel is growing in much greater volumes - from 330 million gallons per year in 2011 to 2.1 billion gallons in 2017. Similarly, market growth in renewable dieselin the U.S. has experienced rapid growth from 2010-2018. A key focus of Drop-In Fuels 2020

is the continuing rise in renewable diesel markets in the USA and in California's LCFS from 2011-2018, rapid expansion of Europe's production of HEFA,HVO diesel and jet markets, Canada's R2 renewable diesel deployment, and emerging production initiatives for renewable diesel and biojet in Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and Africa.

Drop-In Fuels 2020 provides details of the leading renewable diesel, biojet, biocrude, renewable gasoline, and biobutanol producers, technologies, and feedstocks in the USA, Europe, Asia, Middle East and Latin America. The Drop in Fuels 2020 study provides comprehensive analysis of technology trends, forecasts and roadmaps for the deployment of HEFA, HVO, FT, Biocrude, and the emergence of Alcohol-To-Jet (ATJ) drop-in fuels.

Drop-In Fuels 2020 study finds feedstocks from oil waste, ag residues, municipal solid waste and dedicated energy crops are key to the commercialization of drop-in fuels from 2018-2020.This study also reviews major projects and emerging feedstock trends in uco, tallow, yellow grease and ag waste recycling. .

The global market for renewable diesel, drop in biocrude and biojet fuels is experiencing impressivegrowth from 2011-2018. The Drop-In Fuels 2020 study reviews key producers, pilot projects, demonstrationprojects, and commercial projects of renewable diesel, renewable aviation fuels, and renewable gasoline producers. The study includes deployment forecasts and technology roadmaps for HEFA, HVO, FT, biobutanol, and ATJ fuels to the year 2020.

Drop-In Fuels 2020 provides 5 to 10 year production forecasts byregion, and provides detailed technology roadmaps, feedstock forecasts, and global deployment scenarios for renewable diesel, biocrude, renewable jet, biobutanol, and alcohol-to-jet initiatives.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

E m e r g i n g M a r k e t s O n l i n e - T e l + 1 7 1 3 4 2 9 4 9 0 5 E m a i l i n f o @ e m e r g i n g - m a r k e t s . c o m W e b : w w w . e m e r g i n g - m a r k e t s . c o m

DROP IN FUELS 2020: A Global Market SurveyRenewable Diesel , B iocrude and Renewable Jet Fuels, Markets, Feedstocks & Forecasts f rom 2015-2020DROP IN FUELS 2020: A Global Market Survey

1 INTRODUCTION1.1 Introduct ion to Drop-In Fuels1.2 Markets and Mandates for Drop-In Renewable Fuels1.3 Exist ing and Emerging Technologies1.4 Exist ing and Emerging Feedstocks1.5 Drop In Renewable Fuels Producers, By Type1.6 Out look and Forecasts 2017 to 2020

2 MARKETS

2.1 Markets Overview and Introduction2.1.1 History and Deployment Survey Methodology2.1.2 Deployment Product ion Volumes and Est imates 2.1.2.1 Renewable Diesel 2.1.2.2 Renewable Jet Fuel 2.1.2.3 Renewable Gasol ine 2.1.2.4 Biobutanol and Bol t -On Strategies 2.1.2.5 BioCrude and Bio-Oi l 2.1.2.6 Cel lu losic Diesel 2.1.3 Emerging Market Trends in Drop-In Fuels2.1.3.1 Sustainabi l i ty Cr i ter ia Dr ives Next Gen Fuel2.1.3.2 US Blend Wal l Br ings Drop In Opportuni t ies2.1.3.3 EU: Sustainabi l i ty Dr ives Next Generat ion Fuels2.1.3.4 Asia: Growth Br ings Leapfrog Opportuni t ies2.1.3.6 Afr ica: Sub-Saharan Growth 2.1.3.7 MidEast: Deploying Next Generat ion Fuels2.1.3.8 New Feedstocks Dr ive Cel lu losic Diesel

2.2 Mandates and Projected Volumes: 2017 to 2020

2.3 Americas2.3.1 USA 2.3.1.1 RFS2 US Renewable Fuel Standard 2.3.1.2 LCFS Cal i fornia Low Carbon Fuel Standard2.3.2 Canada2.3.3 Brazi l2.3.4 Argent ina2.3.5 Mexico2.3.6 Colombia2.3.7 Peru2.3.8 Chi le

2.4 Europe2.4.1 Nether lands2.4.2 Finland2.4.3 I ta ly2.4.4 Spain2.4.5 Portugal2.4.6 Germany2.4.7 I re land2.4.8 France

2.5 Australasia2.5.1 Singapore 2.5.2 Austral ia2.5.3 New Zealand2.5.4 China2.5.5 Japan2.5.6 India2.5.7 Phi l ippines2.5.8 Indonesia2.5.9 Malaysia

2.6 Africa and Middle East2.6.1 UAE2.6.2 Saudi Arabia2.6.3 Israel2.6.5 Niger ia2.6.6 Kenya2.6.7 South Afr ica2.6.8 Namibia2.6.9 Zimbabwe

3 PRODUCERS: CASE STUDIES OF PILOT, DEMO AND COMMERCIAL PROJECTSDrop In Fuel Producers: Feedstock, Technology, Capaci ty and Product ion Volumes

3.1 Renewable Diesel Projects, Producers, Case Studies3.2 Renewable Jet Fuel Commercial Producers 3.2.1 Hydroprocessed Esters Fatty Acid - Jet Fuels 3.2.2 F ischer-Tropsch Renewable Jet Fuels 3.2.3 ATJ Alcohol-To-Jet Fuels Pi lots & Demo Producers 3.3 Renewable Gasol ine Pi lots & Demo Producers3.4 Biobutanol P i lots, Demos and Commercial Producers3.5 BioCrude P i lots, Demo and Commercial Producers

4 FEEDSTOCKS TRENDS AND OUTLOOK

4.1 First Generation Feedstocks4.1.1 Starches and Sugars: Corn, Sugar Cane4.1.2 Lipid Feedstocks-Oi lseeds: Soy, Rapeseed, Palm

4.2 Second Gen Non-Food Sustainable Feedstocks4.2.1 Waste Vegetable Oi ls, Yel low Grease, Animal Fats4.2.2 NextGen Oi lseeds: Camel ina, Car inata, Jatropha, 4.2.3 Perrenial Grasses: Switchgrass, Miscanthus4.2.4 Ligno Cel lu losic Agr icul tural Residues, Waste4.2.5 MSW Municipal Sol id Waste

4.3 Third Generation Feedstocks, C02 and Solar Fuels4.3.1 Algae / CO2 Conversions4.3.2 CO2 and Solar Fuels Direct Microbial Conversions 5 OUTLOOK AND FORECASTSDrop In Fuels Out look by Sector for Renewable Diesel , Biojet , ATJ, Biobutanol and Biocrude

5.1 Renewable Diesel Product ion 2017 -20205.2 Renewable Jet Fuel Product ion 2017 -20205.3 Renewable Gasol ine Product ion 2017 -20205.4 Biobutanol Product ion 2017 -20205.5 BioCrude Product ion 2017 -2020

TABLE OF FIGURES AND CHARTS

E m e r g i n g M a r k e t s O n l i n e - T e l + 1 7 1 3 4 2 9 4 9 0 5 E m a i l i n f o @ e m e r g i n g - m a r k e t s . c o m W e b : w w w . e m e r g i n g - m a r k e t s . c o m

DROP IN FUELS 2020: A Global Market SurveyRenewable Diesel , B iocrude and Renewable Jet Fuels, Markets, Feedstocks & Forecasts f rom 20 1 5 -2020DROP IN FUELS 2020: A Global Market Survey

TABLE OF FIGURES

Mandates for Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel , Worldwide, 2017Global Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel , Worldwide, 2017 -2020

USAFederal and State Mandates for Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel USA 2017U.S Global Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel Product ion 2010-2016 Table of Commercial Renewable Diesel ProducersU.S. Renewable Diesel Ref inery Stocks By Type: 2009-2017U.S. Stocks of Renewable Diesel Fuel 2009-2016U.S. Renewable Diesel Fuel Stocks at Bulk Terminals 2009-2017U.S. Renewable Diesel Fuel Stocks in Pipel ines 2009-2017U.S. Renewable Diesel Ref inery Stocks, by Region 2009-2017

CANADAList of Mandates for Renewable Diesel By Province, Canada 2017Product ion Volumes Renewable Diesel , 2010-2015 By ProvinceTable of Commercial Renewable Diesel Producers, Canada 2017

EUROPEEU List of Mandates for Renewable Diesel by Country 2017EU Product ion Volumes Renewable Diesel 2010-2015 By CountryTable of Commercial Renewable Diesel Producers Europe 2017

ASIAList of Mandates for Renewable Diesel , by country Asia 2017Product ion Volumes Renewable Diesel , 2010-2015 Asia Table of Commercial Renewable Diesel Producers in Asia 2017

LATIN AMERICAList of Mandates for Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel , by Country 2017Product ion Volumes Biodiesel and Renewable Diesel , 2010-2020

3 PRODUCERS

Global Commercial Scale Renewable Diesel Plants 2017 , GlobalTotal Capaci ty of Exist ing Commercial Scale Renewable Diesel Plants 2017 , L ist of Proposed Commercial Scale Renewable Diesel Plants 2015-2020Projected Capaci ty of Commercial Renewable Diesel Plants 2015-2020

CAPEX- Investment in Commercial Renewable Diesel Plants by Size 2017Table - Capi ta l Costs for Renewable Diesel Faci l i ty, Smal l /Medium/Large

OPEX - Projected Cost of HEFA Renewable Diesel and Jet Fuels,OPEX - Projected Cost of Renewable Diesel and Jet Fuels

Table of Commercial Biojet Fl ights Locat ion, Date, Worldwide 2008-2017Table of Mi l i tary Biojet Fl ights,by Locat ion, Date, Worldwide 2008-2017

4 TECHNOLOGIES

Table - Capi ta l Costs for Bui ld ing RDiesel Faci l i ty, by Technology Type 2017

Economics of Pyrolysis Biofuels, By Project Size, Feedstock, Technology

Table of Commercial Bio-Oi l Faci l i t ies, by Locat ion, Capaci ty, Reactor Type

Diagram of Syngas Conversion Pathways including Fischer Tropsch and Hydrodeoxygenat ion

5 FEEDSTOCKS SUPPLY, DEMAND, TRENDS

List of Feedstocks Used In Commercial Scale Renewable Diesel Plants, by Locat ion, 2017

Planned Use Of Feedstocks in Proposed Renewable Diesel Plants, by Project , 2017-2020

6 OUTLOOK FORECASTS SCENARIOS

Drop-In Fuel Project ions, USA 2017 -2027Drop-In Fuel enewable Diesel Project ions, Canada 2017-2027Drop-In Fuel enewable Diesel Project ions, Europe 2017-2027Drop-In Fuel enewable Diesel Project ions, Lat in America 2017-2027Drop-In Fuel enewable Diesel Project ions, Asia Paci f ic 2017-2027Drop-In Fuel enewable Diesel Project ions, Austral ia 2017-2027

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DROP IN FUELS 2020: A Global Market SurveyRenewable Diesel , B iocrude and Renewable Jet Fuels , Markets, Feedstocks and Forecasts f rom 2015-2020DROP IN FUELS 2020: A Global Market Survey

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E m e r g i n g M a r k e t s O n l i n e - T e l + 1 7 1 3 4 2 9 4 9 0 5 E m a i l i n f o @ e m e r g i n g - m a r k e t s . c o m W e b : w w w . e m e r g i n g - m a r k e t s . c o m

In t roduct ion and Execut ive Summary