drug smuggling at the border - nascsanascsa.org/conference2017/presentations/pena.pdfunclassified...

UNCLASSIFIED

UNCLASSIFIEDU.S. Customs and Border Protection · Office of IntelligenceU.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

UNCLASSIFIED

(U) Warning: This document contains UNCLASSIFIED // FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY (U//FOUO). It contains information thatmay be exempt from public release under the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552). It is to be controlled, stored,handled, transmitted, distributed, and disposed of in accordance with DHS policy relating to FOUO information and is not tobe released to the public, the media, or other personnel who do not have a valid need-to-know without prior approval ofan authorized DHS official.

UNCLASSIFIED

(U) Requests for use or further dissemination of any material contained herein should be made to: AssistantCommissioner, CBP Office of Intelligence, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20229, by phone(202) 325-2380, or by email [email protected].

Drug Smuggling at the Border

CBP Office of Intelligence 10/18/2017

UNCLASSIFIED


Who We Are and What We Do…

Border Security: CBP secures America’s borders at and between ports of entry by stopping inadmissible people and illicit goods. CBP is the largest federal law enforcement agency.

– 22,910 CBP Officers – 19,828 Border Patrol Agents– 1,205 Air & Marine Agents

Trade: CBP works to secure and facilitate imports arriving in the U.S., accommodating the increasing volume and complexities of international trade.

Travel: CBP secures and facilitates legitimate travel. Over a million times each day, CBP officers welcome international travelers and returning U.S. citizens into the United States

2

UNCLASSIFIED


Where We Are…

In the United States– 328 ports of entry– 135 Border Patrol stations and 20 substations – 35 permanent checkpoints – 14 Air and Marine branches, 5 National Air Security Operations Centers, and one

Air and Marine Operations Center

3

UNCLASSIFIED


On a Typical Day in Fiscal Year 2016, CBP...

CONDUCTED:– 1140 apprehensions between U.S. ports of entry– 22 arrests of wanted criminals at U.S. ports of entry– 752 refusals of inadmissible persons at U.S. ports of entry

SEIZED:– 7,910 pounds of drugs– $289,609 in undeclared or illicit currency– $3.8 million worth of products with Intellectual Property Rights violations

4

PROCESSED:– 1,069,266 passengers and pedestrians – 282,350 incoming privately owned

vehicles– 74,417 truck, rail, and sea containers– $6.3 billion worth of imported products

UNCLASSIFIED


The Southwest Border: Main Entry Point

5

The Southwest Border (SWB) remains the main entry point for all drugs and accounted for the following percent of CBP drug seizures in CY 2016.

– 98 Percent of the marijuana – 96 percent of the methamphetamine – 83 percent of heroin– 44 percent of cocaine*

* This figure includes CBP “technical seizures” e.g. USCG seizures on the high seas turned over to CBP for processing.

Chart1

CY 2011CY 2011CY 2011

CY 2012CY 2012CY 2012

CY 2013CY 2013CY 2013

CY 2014CY 2014CY 2014

CY 2015CY 2015CY 2015

CY 2016CY 2016CY 2016

Cocaine

Heroin

Meth

kilgorams

CBP Southwest Border Seizures

14591

1202

6143

9124

1306

8213

9794

1854

10852

7834

1833

12868

9019

2137

16312

10839

1695

21121

Nation

CBP Nationwide Drug Seizures CY2011 - CY2016

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017

WARNING: The data contained in this report does not represent official CBP statistics. This report is designated FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY and may contain LAW ENFORCEMENT SENSITIVE INFORMATION. Requests for use or further dissemination of any material contained herein should be made to: CBP Office of Intelligence, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20229.

Drug & KilogramsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016Drug & IncidentsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

Cocaine25,88226,66121,64717,79527,85724,577Cocaine2,6432,4542,3512,3082,3212,958

Heroin1,7921,9002,1892,1992,7612,047Heroin7759137589369871,198

Marijuana1,388,9791,281,0091,303,2351,002,410976,370740,519Marijuana24,96323,38324,22220,90222,00421,486

Methamphetamine6,3048,46011,35613,61917,01422,073Methamphetamine1,6391,9922,4342,5802,7163,236

Other Drug Types95,11170,44990,03587,36894,47386,053Other Drug Types26,30726,77730,49627,55029,99031,747

CBP Nationwide CY Totals:1,518,0681,388,4801,428,4621,123,3911,118,476875,268CBP Nationwide CY Totals:56,32755,51960,26154,27658,01860,625

Drug / Component & KilogramsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016Drug / Component & IncidentsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

CocaineUSBP4,7004,9762,2662,0095,3102,442CocaineUSBP557515400416451522

OFO21,18221,68519,38115,78622,54722,134OFO2,0861,9391,9511,8921,8702,436

Cocaine CY Total:25,88226,66121,64717,79527,85724,577Cocaine CY Total:2,6432,4542,3512,3082,3212,958

HeroinUSBP219181244307242271HeroinUSBP114172171188184202

OFO1,5721,7201,9451,8922,5191,775OFO661741587748803996

Heroin CY Total:1,7921,9002,1892,1992,7612,047Heroin CY Total:7759137589369871,198

MarijuanaUSBP1,124,2761,063,2511,087,908798,768702,167513,386MarijuanaUSBP15,34514,80515,41212,79812,62611,074

OFO264,703217,758215,327203,642274,204227,133OFO9,6188,5788,8108,1049,37810,412

Marijuana CY Total:1,388,9791,281,0091,303,2351,002,410976,370740,519Marijuana CY Total:24,96323,38324,22220,90222,00421,486

MethamphetamineUSBP1,0531,7991,4281,9883,2593,960MethamphetamineUSBP477633678769738895

OFO5,2526,6619,92811,63113,75618,114OFO1,1621,3591,7561,8111,9782,341

Methamphetamine CY Total:6,3048,46011,35613,61917,01422,073Methamphetamine CY Total:1,6391,9922,4342,5802,7163,236

Other Drug TypesUSBP201320239145272168Other Drug TypesUSBP9961,089931965894937

OFO94,91070,13089,79687,22394,20285,884OFO25,31125,68829,56526,58529,09630,810

Other Drug Types CY Total:95,11170,44990,03587,36894,47386,053Other Drug Types CY Total:26,30726,77730,49627,55029,99031,747

Southwest Border

CBP Southwest Border Drug Seizures CY2011 - CY2016

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017


SWB State / Drug & KilogramsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016SWB State / Drug & IncidentsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

ArizonaCocaine2,0671,3788056408971,046ArizonaCocaine265195174167199226

Heroin220268299373452469Heroin8899122117130163

Marijuana528,666539,175639,084443,797432,493361,583Marijuana7,4367,0718,3006,1205,7884,947

Methamphetamine9439971,5031,9762,1633,662Methamphetamine296338377425380514

Other Drug Types1,63513313740Other Drug Types15311112812676137

Arizona Total:533,529541,831641,722446,789436,012366,801Arizona Total:8,2387,8149,1016,9556,5735,987

CaliforniaCocaine8,0854,4464,1773,1874,5435,851CaliforniaCocaine544410378336392455

Heroin6166368801,0621,158730Heroin175231266306359269


Methamphetamine4,2115,4077,4167,91011,06812,341Methamphetamine9131,0651,2751,3051,3361,397

Other Drug Types839486797163Other Drug Types411488499738690610

California Total:139,133102,021122,85383,755101,93587,811California Total:5,5605,4035,4515,0735,2074,879

New MexicoCocaine6278144947884New MexicoCocaine313033273221

Heroin32100712Heroin1011514109

Marijuana22,53220,14031,53820,28237,53325,882Marijuana623716578502629559

Methamphetamine27318222358Methamphetamine294344576051


New Mexico Total:22,62820,30631,71620,40037,65126,037New Mexico Total:793877712654767664

TexasCocaine4,3773,2234,6683,9123,5003,859TexasCocaine535449436449479527

Heroin334401675399520484Heroin841051319993105


Methamphetamine9871,7361,9162,9603,0585,060Methamphetamine202237296316364494


Texas Total:701,076622,865515,523456,492400,648277,467Texas Total:9,2498,6988,2867,9919,0108,510

CBP Southwest Border CY Total:1,396,3661,287,0221,311,8151,007,436976,246758,116CBP Southwest Border CY Total:23,84022,79223,55020,67321,55720,040

Sheet2

MethCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

AZ9439971,5031,9762,1633,66211,244

CA4,2115,4077,4167,91011,06812,34148,35264.04%

NM27318222358195

TX9871,7361,9162,9603,0585,06015,717

6,1438,21310,85212,86816,31221,12175,509

513,386

CocaineCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016227,133

AZ2,0671,3788056408971,0466,834740,5190.6932787917

CA8,0854,4464,1773,1874,5435,85130,2890.4949143705

NM6278144947884539

TX4,3773,2234,6683,9123,5003,85923,539

14,5919,1249,7947,8349,01910,83961,201

MariCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 201610027

AZ528,666539,175639,084443,797432,493361,5832,944,7981,7921,9002,1892,1992,7612,04712,888

CA126,13791,437110,29571,51685,09568,8270.7779941176

NM22,53220,14031,53820,28237,53325,882

TX695,304617,406508,060449,116393,271267,958

1,372,6391,268,1581,288,977984,712948,392724,2516,587,128

HeroinCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

AZ2202682993734524692,080

CA6166368801,0621,1587305,0810.50676212981,388,9791,281,0091,303,2351,002,410976,370740,5196,692,523

NM3210071253

TX3344016753995204842,813

1,2021,3061,8541,8332,1371,69510,027

CY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

Cocaine14,5919,1249,7947,8349,01910,839

Heroin1,2021,3061,8541,8332,1371,695

Meth6,1438,21310,85212,86816,31221,121

Sheet2

Cocaine

Heroin

Meth

kilgorams


Transportation Mode

Marijuana

Kilograms

CBP Southwest Border Marijuana Seizures

Sheet1

CBP COCAINE - by Mode of Transportation

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017

Weight (kg)CY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

AIR6,184.203,860.271,897.972,575.012,469.524,068.60

LAND14,817.319,224.7110,170.237,942.209,035.4610,753.451

Northern Border110.66100.27205.5396.6222.142.16

Southwest Border14,572.939,124.409,793.427,833.299,013.3210,751.29

SEA4,438.7511,255.199,086.566,244.9510,777.368,957.70282.52

1,687.29

67.51

% of ShareCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 20162,037.31

AIR24%14%9%14%9%17%

LAND57%35%47%45%32%44%0.1386711787

SEA17%42%42%35%39%36%0.8281920626

CBP HEROIN - by Mode of Transportation

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017


AIR562.26522.94308.67313.73604.79282.52

LAND1,202.361,307.691,865.671,857.692,143.911,687.29

Northern Border1.301.570.3413.811.881.20


SEA23.7952.7713.0725.3111.3867.51

% of ShareCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

AIR31%28%14%14%22%14%

LAND67%69%85%84%78%82%

SEA1%3%1%1%0%3%

CBP MARIJUANA - by Mode of Transportation

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017


AIR5,570.295,464.166,982.9510,704.0712,338.647,648.36

LAND1,364,108.441,263,476.331,287,770.24983,805.34954,253.99724,695.38

Northern Border4,196.89796.24359.29778.92293.04762.16

Southwest Border1,359,734.471,262,556.151,287,410.92983,026.39948,068.45723,932.63

SEA5,289.425,412.765,391.746,249.898,537.877,545.64


AIR0%0%1%1%1%1%

LAND98%99%99%98%98%98%

SEA0%0%0%1%1%1%

CBP METHAMPHETAMINE - by Mode of Transportation

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017


AIR153.94160.86436.67674.43671.85839.34

LAND6,131.388,280.4410,889.8112,943.1416,310.3721,200.11

Northern Border4.4880.3965.1375.7930.3793.54


SEA3.115.072.390.731.3017.69


AIR2%2%4%5%4%4%

LAND97%98%96%95%96%96%

SEA0%0%0%0%0%0%

Sheet1

AIR

LAND

SEA

AIR

LAND

SEA

AIR

LAND

SEA

Air & Sea Amount (kg)

Land Amount (kg)

AIR

LAND

SEA


Land Amount (kg)

6,3048,46011,35613,61917,01422,07378,826

75509

0.957915394

Chart1

CY 2011

CY 2012

CY 2013

CY 2014

CY 2015

CY 2016

Marijuana

Kilograms


1372638.670931

1268158.0528509

1288977.4689006

984711.5259838

948391.8294207

724250.8298116

Nation

CBP Nationwide Drug Seizures CY2011 - CY2016

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017


Drug & KilogramsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016Drug & IncidentsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

Cocaine25,88226,66121,64717,79527,85724,577Cocaine2,6432,4542,3512,3082,3212,958

Heroin1,7921,9002,1892,1992,7612,047Heroin7759137589369871,198

Marijuana1,388,9791,281,0091,303,2351,002,410976,370740,519Marijuana24,96323,38324,22220,90222,00421,486

Methamphetamine6,3048,46011,35613,61917,01422,073Methamphetamine1,6391,9922,4342,5802,7163,236

Other Drug Types95,11170,44990,03587,36894,47386,053Other Drug Types26,30726,77730,49627,55029,99031,747

CBP Nationwide CY Totals:1,518,0681,388,4801,428,4621,123,3911,118,476875,268CBP Nationwide CY Totals:56,32755,51960,26154,27658,01860,625

Drug / Component & KilogramsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016Drug / Component & IncidentsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

CocaineUSBP4,7004,9762,2662,0095,3102,442CocaineUSBP557515400416451522

OFO21,18221,68519,38115,78622,54722,134OFO2,0861,9391,9511,8921,8702,436

Cocaine CY Total:25,88226,66121,64717,79527,85724,577Cocaine CY Total:2,6432,4542,3512,3082,3212,958

HeroinUSBP219181244307242271HeroinUSBP114172171188184202

OFO1,5721,7201,9451,8922,5191,775OFO661741587748803996

Heroin CY Total:1,7921,9002,1892,1992,7612,047Heroin CY Total:7759137589369871,198

MarijuanaUSBP1,124,2761,063,2511,087,908798,768702,167513,386MarijuanaUSBP15,34514,80515,41212,79812,62611,074

OFO264,703217,758215,327203,642274,204227,133OFO9,6188,5788,8108,1049,37810,412

Marijuana CY Total:1,388,9791,281,0091,303,2351,002,410976,370740,519Marijuana CY Total:24,96323,38324,22220,90222,00421,486

MethamphetamineUSBP1,0531,7991,4281,9883,2593,960MethamphetamineUSBP477633678769738895

OFO5,2526,6619,92811,63113,75618,114OFO1,1621,3591,7561,8111,9782,341

Methamphetamine CY Total:6,3048,46011,35613,61917,01422,073Methamphetamine CY Total:1,6391,9922,4342,5802,7163,236

Other Drug TypesUSBP201320239145272168Other Drug TypesUSBP9961,089931965894937

OFO94,91070,13089,79687,22394,20285,884OFO25,31125,68829,56526,58529,09630,810

Other Drug Types CY Total:95,11170,44990,03587,36894,47386,053Other Drug Types CY Total:26,30726,77730,49627,55029,99031,747

Southwest Border

CBP Southwest Border Drug Seizures CY2011 - CY2016

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017


SWB State / Drug & KilogramsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016SWB State / Drug & IncidentsCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

ArizonaCocaine2,0671,3788056408971,046ArizonaCocaine265195174167199226

Heroin220268299373452469Heroin8899122117130163


Methamphetamine9439971,5031,9762,1633,662Methamphetamine296338377425380514

Other Drug Types1,63513313740Other Drug Types15311112812676137

Arizona Total:533,529541,831641,722446,789436,012366,801Arizona Total:8,2387,8149,1016,9556,5735,987

CaliforniaCocaine8,0854,4464,1773,1874,5435,851CaliforniaCocaine544410378336392455

Heroin6166368801,0621,158730Heroin175231266306359269


Methamphetamine4,2115,4077,4167,91011,06812,341Methamphetamine9131,0651,2751,3051,3361,397


California Total:139,133102,021122,85383,755101,93587,811California Total:5,5605,4035,4515,0735,2074,879

New MexicoCocaine6278144947884New MexicoCocaine313033273221

Heroin32100712Heroin1011514109

Marijuana22,53220,14031,53820,28237,53325,882Marijuana623716578502629559

Methamphetamine27318222358Methamphetamine294344576051


New Mexico Total:22,62820,30631,71620,40037,65126,037New Mexico Total:793877712654767664

TexasCocaine4,3773,2234,6683,9123,5003,859TexasCocaine535449436449479527

Heroin334401675399520484Heroin841051319993105


Methamphetamine9871,7361,9162,9603,0585,060Methamphetamine202237296316364494


Texas Total:701,076622,865515,523456,492400,648277,467Texas Total:9,2498,6988,2867,9919,0108,510

CBP Southwest Border CY Total:1,396,3661,287,0221,311,8151,007,436976,246758,116CBP Southwest Border CY Total:23,84022,79223,55020,67321,55720,040

Sheet2

MethCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

AZ9439971,5031,9762,1633,66211,244

CA4,2115,4077,4167,91011,06812,34148,35264.04%

NM27318222358195

TX9871,7361,9162,9603,0585,06015,717

6,1438,21310,85212,86816,31221,12175,509

513,386

CocaineCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016227,133

AZ2,0671,3788056408971,0466,834740,5190.6932787917

CA8,0854,4464,1773,1874,5435,85130,2890.4949143705

NM6278144947884539

TX4,3773,2234,6683,9123,5003,85923,539

14,5919,1249,7947,8349,01910,83961,201

MariCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 201610027

AZ528,666539,175639,084443,797432,493361,5832,944,7981,7921,9002,1892,1992,7612,04712,888

CA126,13791,437110,29571,51685,09568,8270.7779941176

NM22,53220,14031,53820,28237,53325,882

TX695,304617,406508,060449,116393,271267,958

1,372,6391,268,1581,288,977984,712948,392724,2516,587,128

HeroinCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

AZ2202682993734524692,080

CA6166368801,0621,1587305,0810.50676212981,388,9791,281,0091,303,2351,002,410976,370740,5196,692,523

NM3210071253

TX3344016753995204842,813

1,2021,3061,8541,8332,1371,69510,027

CY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 2016

Cocaine14,5919,1249,7947,8349,01910,839

Heroin1,2021,3061,8541,8332,1371,695

Meth6,1438,21310,85212,86816,31221,121

Sheet2

Cocaine

Heroin

Meth

kilgorams


Transportation Mode

Marijuana

Kilograms


Sheet1

CBP COCAINE - by Mode of Transportation

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017


AIR6,184.203,860.271,897.972,575.012,469.524,068.60

LAND14,817.319,224.7110,170.237,942.209,035.4610,753.451

Northern Border110.66100.27205.5396.6222.142.16


SEA4,438.7511,255.199,086.566,244.9510,777.368,957.70282.52

1,687.29

67.51

% of ShareCY 2011CY 2012CY 2013CY 2014CY 2015CY 20162,037.31

AIR24%14%9%14%9%17%

LAND57%35%47%45%32%44%0.1386711787

SEA17%42%42%35%39%36%0.8281920626

CBP HEROIN - by Mode of Transportation

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017


AIR562.26522.94308.67313.73604.79282.52

LAND1,202.361,307.691,865.671,857.692,143.911,687.29

Northern Border1.301.570.3413.811.881.20


SEA23.7952.7713.0725.3111.3867.51


AIR31%28%14%14%22%14%

LAND67%69%85%84%78%82%

SEA1%3%1%1%0%3%

CBP MARIJUANA - by Mode of Transportation

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017


AIR5,570.295,464.166,982.9510,704.0712,338.647,648.36

LAND1,364,108.441,263,476.331,287,770.24983,805.34954,253.99724,695.38

Northern Border4,196.89796.24359.29778.92293.04762.16

Southwest Border1,359,734.471,262,556.151,287,410.92983,026.39948,068.45723,932.63

SEA5,289.425,412.765,391.746,249.898,537.877,545.64


AIR0%0%1%1%1%1%

LAND98%99%99%98%98%98%

SEA0%0%0%1%1%1%

CBP METHAMPHETAMINE - by Mode of Transportation

Data: 01/01/2011 - 12/31/2016 | Run Date: 03/24/2017


AIR153.94160.86436.67674.43671.85839.34

LAND6,131.388,280.4410,889.8112,943.1416,310.3721,200.11

Northern Border4.4880.3965.1375.7930.3793.54


SEA3.115.072.390.731.3017.69


AIR2%2%4%5%4%4%

LAND97%98%96%95%96%96%

SEA0%0%0%0%0%0%

Sheet1

AIR

LAND

SEA

AIR

LAND

SEA

AIR

LAND

SEA


Land Amount (kg)

AIR

LAND

SEA


Land Amount (kg)

6,3048,46011,35613,61917,01422,07378,826

75509

0.957915394

UNCLASSIFIED


Opioid/Opiate Smuggling Two Types of Drugs

– Opiate: Drugs derived from the poppy plant(Heroin, Opium)

– Opioid: Manufactured chemicals that act on the same receptors as opioids (Fentanyl)

Source of Heroin Used in the United States*– Predominately Mexican and South American– Moved primarily by Mexican Transnational Criminal Organizations (TCOs) across

the Southwest Border (SWB)– Commercial Air is a secondary route.– Relatively little Southwest or Southeast Asian heroin is seized by CBP

Source of Fentanyl Used in the United States*– China is a significant source, but it is moved into the United States by two main

methods and entities– Southwest Border moved by Mexican TCOs– Mail/Express Consignment Operations(ECO) Shipments by small criminal groups

*Based on CBP seizure and intelligence reporting

6

UNCLASSIFIED


Heroin Smuggling Southwest Border main entry point for heroin

– The SWB accounted for 78 percent (10,027 kg of 12,888 kg) of heroin seized by CBP between CY 2011 and CY 2016

– Mexico leading producer of heroin used in the United States – Mexican TCOs control production and distribution

Majority of flow is through the ports of entry (POEs) – Moved in privately owned vehicles (POVs) in multi-kilogram loads through the

ports of entry (POE) – 78 Percent (1,107 kg of 1,419 kg) of the heroin seized at SWB POE by CBP in CY

2016 were concealed in POVs– Non-POE seizures focused at US Border Patrol Checkpoints– Southern California was the leading source of SWB heroin seizures

– 50 percent (5,081 kg of 10,027 kg) of the heroin seized by CBP along the SWB between CY 2011 and CY 2016 was in Southern California

7

UNCLASSIFIED


Heroin Smuggling

8

Commercial Air is key but secondary route– Both Colombian and Mexican heroin– Multiple techniques: couriers, left over baggage, mail/ECO shipments, cargo,

and on aircraft– Little Southwest or Southeast Asian seized by CBP– Little “In-Transit” to other countries– Key “Originating Countries”: Colombia, Dominican Republic, Mexico and

Guatemala.

UNCLASSIFIED


Fentanyl Smuggling Southwest Border

– Fentanyl often imported from China– Moved by Mexican TCOs– High weight (multi kilogram) but low concentration (less than 10 percent)– Usually mixed with adulterants (e.g. dipyrone, mannitol, and lactose) or with

heroin or cocaine– Concealed in POVs moving through POEs– Southern California leading source of seizures

Mail/Express Consignment– Shipped directly from China– Small criminal groups for local or internet distribution– Low weight (less than a kilogram) but high concentration (over 50 percent)– Seizures focused in key Mail/ECO facilities, but destined to all points in the United

States

9

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjEsOOpgurWAhWFvhQKHfruDmkQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jconline.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fcrime%2F2017%2F05%2F18%2Ffentanyl-laced-heroin-lafayette-next%2F100687448%2F&psig=AOvVaw1RD2xr-2jL7kXKbQTfG7RF&ust=1507860932523635

UNCLASSIFIED


Methamphetamine Smuggling

Southwest Border is the Main Entry point

– The majority of methamphetamine destined to the United States originates in Mexico, and Mexican TCOs are increasingly producing larger quantities of cheap, higher-purity methamphetamine

– SWB accounted for 96 percent (75,509 kg of 78,826 kg) of the methamphetamine seized by CBP between CY2011 and CY 2016

– The Sinaloa Cartel and New Generation Jalisco Cartel (CJNG) are the most significant Mexican TCOs involved in methamphetamine trafficking

– The majority enters the United States in POVs moving through the POEs – CBP data shows that in CY 2016, POVs accounted for 94 percent (14,177 kg of

the 14,970 kg) seized at SWB POEs, and 67 percent of the 21,107 kg of methamphetamine seized along the SWB that entire year

10

UNCLASSIFIED


Cocaine Smuggling Colombian Cocaine Production Driving Increase in Drug Flow

– Main source of cocaine used in the United States based on DEA testing.– Colombian production has increased 36.5 percent between CY 2015

and 2016 from 520 MT to 710 MT, according to ONCDP.– Drug flow towards United States has increased but remains below 2006

levels according to 2016 National Drug Threat Assessment

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Southwest Border remains primary entry point– Mexican TCOs still dominate the cocaine trade.– Approximately 90 percent of the cocaine trafficked to the United States in 2016

first transited through the Mexico/Central America corridor. – POVs accounted for 85 percent (7,369 kg of 8,627 kg) of the cocaine seized by

CBP at SWB POEs in CY 2016– Southern California was the leading source of SWB cocaine seizures.

– 49 percent (30,289 kg of 61,201 kg) of the cocaine seized by CBP along the SWB between CY 2011 and CY 2016 was in Southern California

– Checkpoint Seizures are likely consolidated loads from “Stash Houses”

UNCLASSIFIED


Cocaine Smuggling

Commercial Air is Secondary Route– Mail and Express Consignment (FedEx, DHL, UPS) leading source of seizures– Common tactics: Couriers, left over bags, air cargo, and aircraft concealment– Originating countries: Colombia, Dominican Republic, and Guatemala

Commercial Maritime Remains a Key Route– Containerized cargo from South American and the Caribbean and coastal

freighters from Haiti are the main threat– Increased flow from Caribbean is likely due to surge in Colombian production – Miami and New York leading source of CBP seizures (main US East Coast ports)– Key Tactics: “Rip-loads”, within the cargo (fake avocados, pallets), container

(wall, ceiling, floor, and reefer unit)

Northern Border Flow is Generally North Bound– Most seizures are outbound; cocaine seizures by Canadian authorities at the

border are up – Smuggling between the ports is significant smuggling tactic

12

UNCLASSIFIED


Marijuana Mexico Remains the Leading Source of Foreign Marijuana Destined for

the United States– The SWB accounted 98 percent (6,587,128 kg of 6,692,523) for of all CBP

marijuana seizures between CY 2011 and CY 2016 – Due its high volume/low value, the majority of SWB marijuana is smuggled

between the POEs– Arizona is the main corridor, accounting of 45 percent (2,944,798 kg of the

6,587,128 kg) seized by CBP along the SWB between CY 2011 and CY 2016

Seizure are Down due to a Variety of Factors– CBP marijuana have dropped percent 47 percent from 1,372,639 kg in CY

2011 to 724,251 kg in CY 216– Increase legalization in the United States as reduced demand– Mexican marijuana is low quality when compared to domestic crop– Possible shift by cartels to other drugs

13

UNCLASSIFIED


Concealment Methods at Land POEs

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Common land POE concealment Methods

– Tires – Gas Tanks– Cargo– Walls & Floor– Doors & Side Panels

UNCLASSIFIED


Concealment Methods at Air POEs

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Common air smuggling concealment Methods– Luggage and goods– Left over bags– Internal – On Body

UNCLASSIFIED


Concealment Methods at Sea POEs

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Common sea smuggling concealment Methods

– Rip-loads (bags tossed in container)– Container Structure– Cargo – On Vessel

UNCLASSIFIED


Between the Ports…

17

Common between the ports smuggling methods– Backpackers (Main method)– Air cannons, trebuchets & catapults (100-300 meters)– Tunnel (basic to complex)– Ultralights & UAVs– Ramps

UNCLASSIFIED//UNOFFICIAL USE ONLY

U.S. Customs and Border Protection · Office of IntelligenceU.S. DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

UNCLASSIFIED//UNOFFICIAL USE ONLY

U.S. Customs and Border ProtectionOffice of Intelligence1300 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, DC 20229

(202) [email protected]

Questions?

Slide Number 1Who We Are and What We Do…Where We Are…On a Typical Day in Fiscal Year 2016, CBP...The Southwest Border: Main Entry PointOpioid/Opiate SmugglingHeroin SmugglingHeroin SmugglingFentanyl SmugglingMethamphetamine SmugglingCocaine SmugglingCocaine SmugglingMarijuanaConcealment Methods at Land POEsConcealment Methods at Air POEsConcealment Methods at Sea POEsBetween the Ports…Slide Number 18

drug smuggling at the border - nascsanascsa.org/conference2017/presentations/pena.pdfunclassified...

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