drugs psychology

8/18/2019 Drugs Psychology

1/29

Alcohol

Street names:

• Booze

• Brew

• Cold One• Juice

• Hard stuf

• Sauce

• Hooch

• Moonshine

• Vino

• Drat

• Suds

• Liquid bread

• Oats soda

• Tu! buster

•

Liquid coura"e

• #$ oz% curl

• &ednec' wine

Classifcation o the drug( )lcohol is a ner*ous s!ste de+ressant

Active ingredient in the drug( ,thanol

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): )ter absor+tion- the

alcohol enters the bloodstrea and dissol*es in the water o the blood% The blood

carries the alcohol throu"hout the bod!% The alcohol ro the blood then enters and

dissol*es in the water inside each tissue o the bod! .e/ce+t at tissue- as alcohol

cannot dissol*e in at0% Once inside the tissues- alcohol e/erts its efects on the

bod!% The obser*ed efects de+end directl! on the blood alcohol

concentration (B)C), which is related to the aount o alcohol consued% The B)C

can rise si"ni1cantl! within $2 inutes ater ha*in" a drin'%

egative side eects o the drug in short term:

http://science.howstuffworks.com/h2o.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/blood.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/fat-cell.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/blood.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/fat-cell.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/h2o.htm


2/29

• Slurred s+eech

• Drowsiness

• Voitin"

• Diarrhea

• 3+set stoach

• Headaches

• Breathin" di4culties

• Distorted *ision and hearin"

• 5+aired 6ud"ent

• Decreased +erce+tion and coordination

• 3nconsciousness

• )neia .loss o red blood cells0

• Coa

• Blac'outs .eor! la+ses- where the drin'er cannot reeber e*ents that occurred

while under the in7uence0

egative side eects o the drug in long term:

• 3nintentional in6uries such as car crash- alls- burns- drownin"

• 5ntentional in6uries such as 1rear in6uries- se/ual assault- doestic *iolence

• 5ncreased on8the86ob in6uries and loss o +roducti*it!

• 5ncreased ail! +robles- bro'en relationshi+s

• )lcohol +oisonin"

• Hi"h blood +ressure- stro'e- and other heart8related diseases

• Li*er disease

• 9er*e daa"e

• Se/ual +robles


3/29

• :eranent daa"e to the brain

• Vitain B# de1cienc!- which can lead to a disorder characterized b! anesia- a+ath!

and disorientation

• 3lcers

• ;astritis .in7aation o stoach walls0

• Malnutrition

• Cancer o the outh and throat

Possi!le treatments or addiction to the drug:

• Deto/i1cation

• &ehabilitation

• Sobriet!

"alium

Street names:

• V


4/29

• Blue Voooo

• Slee+ awa!

• Howards

• Tran's

• Old 6oes

• drun' +ills

• ludes

Classifcation o the drug: Diaze+a is an oral edication that is used to

treat an/iet!%

Active ingredient in the drug: Diaze+a

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): Valiu afects the le*els

o "aa8ainobut!ric acid .;)B)0 in the brain- hel+in" to slow down and sto+

abnoral brain acti*it!% This results in a calin" efect- and soeties eelin"s oeu+horia% 5t hel+s reduce an/iet!- cause slee+iness- rela/ uscles- sto+ seizures-

and ore%


• ,u+horia• Lac' o coordination• >eelin" o bein" drun'


• Meor! loss• Hallucination• Di4cult! breathin"• Slowed +ulse• Coa• Heart attac'

http://www.medicinenet.com/anxiety/article.htmhttp://www.medicinenet.com/anxiety/article.htm


5/29


• Medication

• Beha*ioral treatents

#ana$

Street names:

• ?annies

• ?anbars

• Bars

• Bric's

• Benzos

• Blue ootballs

• 3+ 6ohn

Classifcation o the drug: Al%ra&olam is an anti8an/iet! edication

Active ingredient in the drug( )l+razola

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): ?ana/ wor's b!

decreasin" abnoral brain acti*it! and results in a calin" efect on the bod!%

)lthou"h ?ana/ can soeties tri""er eelin"s o eu+horia- it "enerall! hel+s

relie*e an/iet! and rela/ the bod!%


• drowsiness- dizziness- eelin" tired or irritable

• blurred *ision- headache- eor! +robles- trouble concentratin"

• slee+ +robles .insonia0

• swellin" in !our hands or eet

• uscle wea'ness- lac' o balance or coordination- slurred s+eech

• u+set stoach- nausea- *oitin"- consti+ation- diarrhea

• increased sweatin"- dr! outh- stuf! nose

• a++etite or wei"ht chan"es


• de+ressed ood- thou"hts o suicide or hurtin" !oursel- unusual ris'8ta'in"

beha*ior- decreased inhibitions- no ear o dan"er

• conusion- h!+eracti*it!- a"itation- hostilit!- hallucinations

• eelin" li'e !ou i"ht +ass out

• urinatin" less than usual or not at all

• chest +ain- +oundin" heartbeats or 7utterin" in !our chest


6/29

• uncontrolled uscle o*eents- treor- seizure .con*ulsions0

• Jaundice .!ellowin" o the s'in or e!es0%


5n+atient treatent +ro"ras

Out+atient treatent +ro"ras


7/29

'%ium

Street names:)h8+en8!en

)unti

)unti ,a-

Bi" O-

Blac' :ill-

Chinese Molasses-

Chinese Tobacco-

Do+iu-

Do*er@s :owder

Drea ;un

Classifcation o the drug: )n o+ioid or narcotic- ade ro the white liquid in

the +o++! +lant%

Active ingredient in the drug: Mor+hine

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): The ost i+ortant

cheical in o+iu is or+hine% 5t is this cheical which is res+onsible or the ain

efects that +eo+le associate with o+iu% Mor+hine is an al'aloid- which eans that

it contains ostl! basic nitro"en atos% 5t is usuall! obtained ro unri+e +o++!

seeds% Mor+hine wor's b! iic'in" the efect o endor+hins% This neurotransitter

is res+onsible or handlin" +ain and creatin" eelin"s o well8bein"%


,u+horia

Drowsiness

sedation

Slowin" o breathin"

9ausea

Conusion

consti+ation


dru" tolerance

res+irator! de+ression

unconsciousness

death with lar"e doses


deto/i1cation


8/29

+s!cholo"ical treatent

abstinence

eroin

Street names:

H

Jun'

Sac'

Bi" H

Hell Dust

9ose dro+s

Thunder

Brown Su"ar

Horse

S'a"

Classifcation o the drug: Heroin .li'e o+iu and or+hine0 is ade ro the resin o+o++! +lants%


Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): Once heroin is in thes!ste A either b! so'in"- snortin"- or in6ection A it de+resses the do+aine sensor!

+athwa!s in the brain% This induces create a rush o eu+horia% )s the heroin rushes

throu"h the blood strea it wars the bod!% The e/treities also becoe hea*! and

rela/ed% Heroin can also +roduce dr! outh- nausea- and *oitin"% 5t slows all unctions

o the +h!sical and ental unctions% But be warned( ta'in" heroin 6ust once can resultin o*erdose and +otential death% Heroin is un+redictable and how it@s "oin" to afect

!our bod! chan"es between indi*iduals who are ta'in" heroin%


• &ush

• Slowed breathin"

• Clouded ental unctionin"

• 9ausea and *oitin"

• Sedation drowsiness

• H!+otheria .bod! te+erature lower than noral0

• Coa or death .due to o*erdose


9/29


• Bad teeth

• 5n7aation o the "us

• Consti+ation

• Cold sweats

• 5tchin"

• Eea'enin" o the iune s!ste

• Coa

• &es+irator! .breathin"0 illnesses

• Muscular wea'ness- +artial +aral!sis

• &educed se/ual ca+acit! and lon"8ter i+otence in en

• Menstrual disturbance in woen

• 5nabilit! to achie*e or"as .woen and en0

• Loss o eor! and intellectual +erorance

• 5ntro*ersion

• De+ression

• :ustules on the ace

• Loss o a++etite

• 5nsonia


Beha*ioral and +haracolo"ical edication

Deto/

Thera+!

Maintenance


10/29

Codeine

Street names:

S!ru+

Sizzuru+

Cod!

Ca+tain cod!

Classifcation o the drug: Codeine is an o+ioid +ain edication% )n o+ioid is

soeties called a narcotic%


Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): Codeine is a ild

+ain'iller- but also has cou"h su++ressant and anti8diarrhoeal actions% 5n treatin"+ain- codeine wor's b! iic'in" the action o naturall! occurrin" +ain8reducin"

cheicals called endor+hins% ,ndor+hins are ound in the brain and s+inal cord and

reduce +ain b! cobinin" with o+ioid rece+tors%


• 9ausea

• Voitin"


11/29

• Consti+ation

• Dizziness

• Drowsiness

• Blurred and +oor *ision

• 5+aired coordination


• Lower heart rate

• Low blood +ressure

• Disorientation

• Con*ulsions

• Hallucinations

• Coa

Death


Deto/

Hel+lines

thera+!

Caeine

Street names:

• C8+ills

• !ellow 6ac'ets

• The Ca

• Bathroo ,/+ress

• :iss Ma'er

• Harr! the C

• Ja*a

• Joe

• Blac' ;old

• ,!e O+ener

• Cu+ o Mud

• ;et u+ and ;o

Classifcation o the drug: Cafeine is de1ned as a dru" because it stiulates the

central ner*ous s!ste- causin" increased alertness% Cafeine "i*es ost +eo+le a

te+orar! ener"! boost and ele*ates ood%

Active ingredient in the drug: eth!l /anthine


12/29

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): cafeine attaches to the

)# rece+tor% Eith cafeine doc'ed at the rece+tor- a lot o !our bod!@s adenosine

olecules can@t enter% 5t creates a tra4c 6a o sorts% Eith all that adenosine

bloc'ed- the cafeine 'ee+s !ou ro "ettin" tired%


• >eelin" ore alert and acti*e

• &estlessness

• e/citabilit! and dizziness

• )n/iet! and irritabilit!

• Deh!dration and needin" to urinate ore oten

• Hi"her bod! te+erature

• >aster breathin" and heart rate

• Headache

• lac' o concentration

• Stoach +ains


• Osteo+orosis

• Hi"h blood +ressure and heart disease

• Heartburn

• 3lcers

• Di4cult! slee+in"

• 5nertilit! .in en and woen0

• )n/iet!

• De+ression

•

9eedin" to use ore to "et the sae efect• De+endence on cafeine


• Mi/ decafeinated cofee with re"ular cofee

• Drin' a latte with ore low at il' than cofee

• Brew tea or less tie

• :ic' sot drin's without cafeine


13/29

icotine

Street names:

So'es

Ci"s

Butts

Chew

Di+

S+it tobacco

snuf

Classifcation o the drug: 9icotine is the dru" in tobacco lea*es% Ehether

soeone so'es- chews- or snifs tobacco- he or she is deli*erin" nicotine to the

brain

Active ingredient in the drug: 9icotine

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): Siilar to other addicti*edru"s li'e cocaine and heroin- nicotine increases le*els o the neurotransitter

do+aine- which afects the brain +athwa!s that control reward and +leasure%


• hi"h blood +ressure-

• 5ncreased +ulse rate and cou"h%

Bad breath and stainin" o teeth%


14/29


• Oral cancer

• Heart diseases

• Decline in insulin le*els

• :reature a"in"


9icotine re+laceent treatents

)dditional edications

Beha*ioural treatents

Cocaine

Street names:

• Co'e

• Dust

• Toot• Line

• 9ose cand!

• Snow

• Sneeze

• :owder

• Ehite +on!

• >la'e

• The lad!

• Cain

• &oc'

• Bi" C

• Hard &oc'

• Crac'

Classifcation o the drug: Cocaine is a +owerull! addicti*e stiulant that

directl! afects the brain%

Active ingredient in the drug( er!thro/!line


15/29

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): Cocaine decreases the

size o the user


16/29

• :eranent daa"e to blood *essels o heart and brain

• Hi"h blood +ressureleadin" to heart attac's- stro'es- and death

• Li*er- 'idne! and lun" daa"e

• Destruction o tissues in nose i snifed

• &es+irator! ailure i so'ed

• 5nectious diseases and abscesses i in6ected

• Malnutrition- wei"ht loss

• Se*ere tooth deca!

• )uditor! and tactile hallucinations

• Se/ual +robles- re+roducti*e daa"e and inertilit! .or both en andwoen0

• Disorientation- a+ath!- conused e/haustion

• 5rritabilit! and ood disturbances

• 5ncreased requenc! o ris'! beha*ior

• Deliriu or +s!chosis

• Se*ere de+ression

• Tolerance and addiction .e*en ater 6ust one use0


• :haracolo"ical a++roaches

• Beha*ioural inter*entions


17/29

Crack Street names:

• $F8G

• Beat

• Cheical

• Coo'ies

• Crunch and unch

• Dice

• Bad roc'

• Cand!

• Cloud• Crubs

• 5ce cube

Classifcation o the drug: Crac' cocaine is the cr!stal or o cocaine- which

norall! coes in a +owder or% 5t coes in solid bloc's or cr!stals *ar!in" in

color ro !ellow to +ale rose or white%

Active ingredient in the drug: er!thro/!line

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): Crac' decreases the size

o the user


18/29

• 9ausea

• H!+er stiulation

• Bizarre- erratic- soeties *iolent beha*ior

• Hallucinations- h!+er e/citabilit!- irritabilit!

• Tactile hallucination that creates the illusion o bu"s burrowin" under the s'in

• 5ntense eu+horia

• )n/iet! and +aranoia

• De+ression

• 5ntense dru" cra*in"

• :anic and +s!chosis

• Con*ulsions- seizures and sudden death ro hi"h doses .e*en one tie0


• :eranent daa"e to blood *essels o heart and brain

•

Hi"h blood +ressureleadin" to heart attac's- stro'es- and death



• &es+irator! ailure i so'ed




• )uditor! and tactile hallucinations

• Se/ual +robles- re+roducti*e daa"e and inertilit! .or both en andwoen0



19/29

• 5rritabilit! and ood disturbances

• 5ncreased requenc! o ris'! beha*ior

• Deliriu or +s!chosis

• Se*ere de+ression

• Tolerance and addiction .e*en ater 6ust one use0


• :haracolo"ical a++roaches

• Beha*ioural inter*entions

Am%hetamines

Street names:

• S+eed

• 3++ers

• &oad do+e• De/ies

• Doinoes

• Sna+

• Sweets

• Thrusters

• Lea+ers

• ,!e o+eners


20/29

Classifcation o the drug: )+hetaines are +owerul +s!cho8otor stiulants-

li'e cocain

Active ingredient in the drug: s!nthetic cheicals

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work 0( Li'e cocaine-

a+hetaines increase the concentration o do+aine in the s!na+tic "a+- but b! adiferent echanis% )+hetaines are siilar in structure to do+aine- and so

can enter the terinal button o the +res!na+tic neuron *ia its do+aine

trans+orters as well as b! difusin" throu"h the neural ebrane directl!%


• Hi"h bod! te+erature

• Cardio*ascular s!ste ailure

• Hostilit! or +aranoia

• 5rre"ular or increased heart rateheart beat#I

• 5ncreased diastolics!stolic blood +ressure

• 5ncreased acti*it!tal'ati*eness

• ,u+horia

• Hei"htened sense o well8bein"

• Decreased ati"uedrowsiness

• Decreased a++etite$2

• Dr! outh

• Dilated +u+ils

• 5ncreased res+iration

• Hei"htened alertnessener"!$#

• 9ausea

• Headache

• :al+itations

• )ltered se/ual beha*ior

http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#19http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#20http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#21http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#19http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#20http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#21


21/29

• Treortwitchin" o sall uscles$$

• &elease o social inhibitions

• 3nrealistic eelin"s o cle*erness- "reat co+etence- and +ower


• To/ic +s!chosis

• :h!siolo"ical and beha*ioral disorders$F

• Dizziness

• :oundin" heartbeat

• Di4cult! breathin"

• Mood or ental chan"es

• 3nusual tiredness or wea'ness$

• Cardiac arrh!thias

• &e+etiti*e otor acti*it!

•

Con*ulsions- coa- and death

$K

• 3lcers

• Malnutrition

• Mental illness

• S'in disorders

• Vitain de1cienc!

• >lush or +ale s'in

• Loss o coordination and +h!sical colla+se$G


http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#22http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#24http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#25http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#26http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#27http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#22http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#24http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#25http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#26http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/amphetamines.asp#27


22/29

• Hos+italization

• Thera+!

• edication

etham%hetamines

Street names:

• eth

• beannies

• brown

• chal'

•

cran'• cinnaon

• ast

• "et8"o

• s+eed

Classifcation o the drug: Metha+hetaine usuall! coes in the or o a

cr!stalline white +owder that is odorless- bitter8tastin" and dissol*es easil! in water

or alcohol%

Active ingredient in the drug: e+hedrine or +seudoe+hedrine

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): Meth is a stiulant that

afects the brain- s+inal cord- and central ner*ous s!ste% Meth chan"es the wa!

the bod! +rocesses certain cheicals that act as counicators between ner*e

cells and brain cells- which are called neurotransitters% The neurotransitter

ost afected b! eth use is do+aine% Do+aine- in +articular- "ets released in

lar"e quantities when !ou use eth% Do+aine is associated with eelin"s o


23/29

+leasure and reward- and creates a sense o eu+horia in the user 'nown as a rush%

Durin" this rush- heart rate- blood +ressure- and libido increase an intense eelin" o

well8bein"%


• Loss o a++etite

• 5ncreased heart rate- blood +ressure- bod! te+erature

• Dilation o +u+ils

• Disturbed slee+ +atterns

• 9ausea

•

Bizarre- erratic- soeties *iolent beha*ior

• Hallucinations- h!+er e/citabilit!- irritabilit!

• :anic and +s!chosis

• Con*ulsions- seizures and death ro hi"h doses


• :eranent daa"e to blood *essels o heart and brain- hi"h blood +ressureleadin" to heart attac's- stro'es and death



• &es+irator! .breathin"0 +robles i so'ed





• Stron" +s!cholo"ical de+endence

• :s!chosis


24/29

• De+ression

• Daa"e to the brain siilar to )lzheier@s disease- stro'e and e+ile+s!


Beha*ioural thera+ies

Medications

*S+

Street names:

)cid

Batter! acid

Blotter

Booers


25/29

cid

doses

dots

hi++ie

loon! toons

+ane +ur+le heart

en

Classifcation o the drug: LSD is one of the most potent, mood-changing chemicals

Active ingredient in the drug: er"otaine

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): Classic hallucino"ens arethou"ht to +roduce their +erce+tion8alterin" efects b! actin" on neural circuits in the

brain that use the neurotransitter serotonin% S+eci1call!- soe o their ost

+roinent efects occur in the +rerontal corte/an area in*ol*ed in ood- co"nition-

and +erce+tionas well as other re"ions i+ortant in re"ulatin" arousal and

+h!siolo"ical res+onses to stress and +anic%


Dilated +u+ils

Hi"her bod! te+eratures

5ncreased heart rate and Blood +ressure

Sweatin"

Loss o a++etite

Slee+lessness

Dr! outh and treors

Se*ere terri!in" thou"hts and eelin"s


>lashbac's


• Beha*ioral odi1cation

• Counselin"

• :s!cholo"ical treatent

cstasy

Street names:

• MDM)

• ?

• ?TC


26/29

• Snowball

• Lo*e dru"

• )da

• Cadillac

• ,

Classifcation o the drug: ,cstas! is a stiulant dru" that can cause hallucinations%

Active ingredient in the drug: MDM)

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work): MDM) is a +hen!leth!laine that tri""ers stiulant and +s!chedelic efects 1rst in the brain- and then in

the bod!% MDM) does not act b! directl! releasin" serotonin but- rather- b! bindin" to-

and thus bloc'in"- the trans+orter in*ol*ed in its reu+ta'e%


• 5+aired 6ud"ent

• >alse sense o afection

• Conusion

• De+ression

• Slee+ +robles

• Se*ere an/iet!

•

:aranoia

• Dru" cra*in"s

• Muscle tension

• >aintness and chills or swellin"

• 5n*oluntar! teeth clenchin"

• Blurred *ision

• 9ausea


• Lon"8lastin" brain daa"e afectin" thou"ht and eor!


27/29

• Daa"e to +ortions o the brain that re"ulate critical unctions such as learnin"-

slee+ and eotion

• 5t is as i the brain switchboard was torn a+art- then rewired bac'wards

• De"enerated ner*e branches and ner*e endin"s

• De+ression- an/iet!- eor! loss

• Nidne! ailure

• Heorrha"in"

• :s!chosis

• Cardio*ascular- colla+se

• Con*ulsions

• Death


• Co"niti*e beha*ioural inter*entions

• Dru" abuse reco*er! su++ort "rou+s

http://www.drugfreeworld.org/drugfacts/ecstasy/short-long-term-effects.html#footnote1_mh23xlohttp://www.drugfreeworld.org/drugfacts/ecstasy/short-long-term-effects.html#footnote1_mh23xlo


28/29

ari.uana

Street names:• Chronic

• Do+e

• ;an6a

• Herb

• Mar! Jane

• :ot

• &eeer

• weed

Classifcation o the drug: Mari6uana is a "reenish8"ra! i/ture o the dried-

shredded lea*es and 7owers o Cannabis sati*athe he+ +lant%

Active ingredient in the drug: THC

Physiological eect o the drug (how does it work 0( )ter !ou inhale ari6uana

so'e- its cheicals zi+ throu"hout the bod!% THC is a *er! +otent cheical

co+ared to other +s!choacti*e dru"s% Once in !our bloodstrea- THC t!+icall!

reaches the brain seconds ater it is inhaled and be"ins to "o to wor'%


• Sensor! distortion

• :anic

• )n/iet!

• :oor coordination o o*eent

• Lowered reaction tie

http://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/circulatory/blood.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/brain.htmhttp://health.howstuffworks.com/human-body/systems/circulatory/blood.htmhttp://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/brain.htm


29/29

• )ter an initial u+- the user eels slee+! or de+ressed

• 5ncreased heartbeat .and ris' o heart attac'0


• &educed resistance to coon illnesses .colds- bronchitis- etc%0

• Su++ression o the iune s!ste

• ;rowth disorders

• 5ncrease o abnorall! structured cells in the bod!

• &eduction o ale se/ horones

• &a+id destruction o lun" 1bers and lesions .in6uries0 to the brain could be +eranent

• &educed se/ual ca+acit!

• Stud! di4culties( reduced abilit! to learn and retain inoration

• )+ath!- drowsiness- lac' o oti*ation

• :ersonalit! and ood chan"es

• 5nabilit! to understand thin"s clearl!


Co"niti*e beha*ioral thera+!

Contin"enc! ana"eent

Moti*ational enhanceent thera+!

drugs psychology

Documents