dss overview 3

8/9/2019 DSS Overview 3

1/26

, 3-1


2/26

Learning ObjectivesUnderstand DSS configurations.Learn characteristics and capabilities of

DSS.Understand DSS components.Describe structure of DSS components.Understand how DSS and the Web

interact.Learn the role of the user in DSS.Understand DSS hardware and integration.Learn DSS configurations.

3-2


3/26

Decision Support

SystemsSystems designed to support managerial

decision-making in unstructured problems

More recently, emphasis has shifted to inputsfrom outputsMechanism for interaction between user and

componentsUsually built to support solution or evaluate

opportunities

3-3


4/26

DSSA DSS is a methodology that supports

decision-making.

It is:Flexible;Adaptive;Interactive;GUI-based;Iterative; andEmploys modeling.

3-4


5/26

3-5


6/26

Components of DSSSubsystems:

Data managementManaged by DBMS

Model managementManaged by MBMS

User interface

Knowledge Management and organizationalknowledge base

3-6


7/263-7


8/26

Data Management

SubsystemComponents:

Database

Database management systemData directory

Query facility

3-8


9/263-9


10/26

DatabaseInterrelated data extracted from various

sources, stored for use by the organization,and queriedInternal data, usually from TPS

External data from government agencies, tradeassociations, market research firms, forecastingfirms

Private data or guidelines used by decision-makers

3-10


11/26

Database Management

SystemExtracts data

Manages data and their relationships

Updates (add, delete, edit, change)Retrieves data (accesses it)

Queries and manipulates data

Employs data dictionary

3-11


12/26

Data DirectoryCatalog of all data

Contains data definitions

Answers questions about the availability of dataitems

Source

Meaning

Allows for additions, removals, and alterations

3-12


13/26

Model Management

SubsystemComponents:

Model base

Model base management systemModeling language

Model directory

Model execution, integration, and command

processor

3-13


14/26

ModelsStrategicSupports top management decisions

TacticalUsed primarily by middle management to

allocate resources

OperationalSupports daily activities

AnalyticalUsed to perform analysis of data

3-14


15/26

Model Base Management SystemFunctions:

Model creation

Model updatesModel data manipulation

Generation of new routines

Model directory:

Catalog of modelsDefinitions

3-15


16/26

Model Management

ActivitiesModel executionControls running of model

Model command processorReceives model instructions from user interfaceRoutes instructions to MBMS or module

execution or integration functions

Model integrationCombines several models operations

3-16


17/26

User Interface System

3-17

Knowledge-based

system

Data management

and DBMS

Model

management and

MBMS

User Interface Management System (UIMS)

Natural Language Processor

Input

Action

Languages

Output

Display

Language

Users Printers, Plotters

PC Display

Based on Figure 3.6, Schematic

View of the User Interface


18/26

User Interface Management

SystemGUI

Natural language processor

Interacts with model management and datamanagement subsystems

ExamplesSpeech recognition

Display panelTactile interfaces

Gesture interface

3-18


19/26

Knowledge-Based Management SystemExpert or intelligent agent system component

Complex problem solving

Enhances operations of other componentsMay consist of several systems

Often text-oriented DSS

3-19


20/26

DSS HardwareDe facto standard

Web server with DBMS:

Operates using browserData stored in variety of databases

Can be mainframe, server, workstation, or PC

Any network type

Access for mobile devices

3-20


21/26

DSS ClassificationsAlterExtent to which outputs can directly support or

determine the decision

Data oriented or model orientedHolsapple and WhinstonText oriented, database oriented, spreadsheet

oriented, solver oriented, rule oriented, or

compoundIntelligent

3-21


22/26

3-22

(ad hoc analysis)


23/26

DSS ClassificationsDonovan and MadnickInstitutionalProblems of recurring nature

Ad hocProblems that are not anticipated or are not

repetitive

Hackathorn and KeenPersonal support, group support, or

organizational support

3-23


24/26

DSS ClassificationsGSS v. Individual DSS

Decisions made by entire group or by lonedecision maker

Custom made v. vendor ready made

Generic DSS may be modified for useDatabase, models, interface, support are built in

Addresses repeatable industry problems Reduces costs

3-24


25/26

Web and DSSData collection

Communications

CollaborationsDownload capabilities

Run on Web servers

Simplifies integration problems

Increased usability features

3-25


26/26

3 26

dss overview 3

Documents