ductile iron data

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Ductile iron data

SECTION XII. SPECIFICATIONS

IntroductionNorth AmericaOther StandardsBeyond SpecificationsReferences

IntroductionThe purpose of standard specifications for Ductile Iron castings is to provide a body of information whichcan be used with confidence by both designer and foundry to select define and agree upon a set ofspecific properties which will ensure that the castings meet the intended use of the designer! The use ofstandard specifications simplifies the purchase of castings from multiple suppliers because it defines astandard casting whose properties meet the designer"s needs regardless of where or how the castingswere produced!

Specifications should be chosen carefully and used sparingly to ensure that they ade#uately define thedesigner"s needs without adding superfluous constraints which needlessly restrict the suppliers" optionscomplicate the casting process and increase the cost of the casting! It is the responsibility of both thedesigner and the foundry to be aware of the role and the limitations of specifications and to agree upon aspecification that provides the optimum ratio of performance to cost! It is up to the designer to specify aset of properties $ mechanical physical chemical or dimensional $ which best suit the casting to itspurpose!

Once the specification has been selected the foundry must ensure that all castings delivered meet ore%ceed the specification! The raw materials and production methods used by the foundry to provideconforming castings are not normally restricted by the designer or the specification unless thespecification includes such instructions or the designer and foundry agree to append additionalinstructions to a specification! Such instructions should be used &udiciously because they almostinvariably increase the casting cost and restrict the number of foundries which can provide competitivebids!

North AmericaThe AST' has five standards covering Ductile Iron castings! AST' A ()* is the most fre#uently usedcovering the general engineering grades of Ductile Iron! The other standards cover austenitic and specialDuctile Iron applications! The AST' has issued in +,,- a new specification defining the properties of

Austempered Ductile Iron! The SA. standard /0)0 is commonly used for specifying automotive DuctileIron castings! In an attempt to create a single comprehensive system for designating metals and alloysthe AST' and SA. have &ointly developed the 1nified Numbering System 21NS3! 4hile not itself aspecification the 1NS designation is gaining some degree of acceptance in North America as a usefulmeans of simplifying and correlating the various e%isting specifications! The 1NS designations for DuctileIrons crossreferenced to the corresponding AST' A'S SA. and 'I5 specifications are shown below!

UNS numbers and correspondin American speci!ications

Standard Numbers"#rades

UNS F$%%% F$&'%% F$&(%% F$$)%% F$$)%) F$$'%% F$*)%%

AST' A),( *-$0-$+6

AST' A()* *-$0-$+6 *($0($+7 6-$(($

-*

AST' A08* 6-$*-$-)

http://www.ductile.org/didata/Section12/12intro.htm#Introduction

http://www.ductile.org/didata/Section12/12intro.htm#North%20America

http://www.ductile.org/didata/Section12/12intro.htm#Other%20Standards

http://www.ductile.org/didata/Section12/12intro.htm#Beyond%20Specifications

http://www.ductile.org/didata/Section12/12intro.htm#REFERENCES

http://www.ductile.org/didata/Section12/12intro.htm#Introduction

http://www.ductile.org/didata/Section12/12intro.htm#North%20America

http://www.ductile.org/didata/Section12/12intro.htm#Other%20Standards

http://www.ductile.org/didata/Section12/12intro.htm#Beyond%20Specifications

http://www.ductile.org/didata/Section12/12intro.htm#REFERENCES



AST' A8+* 999999

A'S ()+( ()+*

SA. /0)0 D: ; T D0-+6 D0(+7 D((-*

'I5$I$70+)8 2A3

1NS <)06-- <)*7-- <0)--- <0)--+ <0)--7 <0)--) <0)--0 AST' A0), D$7 D$7B D$7= =$) =$)A

AST' A()* +--$8-$-)

+7-$,-$-7

SA. /0)0 D8--)

1NS <0)--( <0)--* <0)--8 <0)-+- <0)-7- <0)-7+ <0)-)-

AST' A0), D$0 D$( D$(B

AST' A(8+ D$7'

A'S (),(

'I5$I$70+)8 2B3 2=3

Other StandardsThis section also summari>es the national standards for Ductile Iron for the other ma&or industriali>edcountries and the international ISO standard! This standard and its replacement the .uroNorm standard.N will become increasingly important with the formation of the .uropean =ommunity! There are manyadditional standards for Ductile Iron some national and others valid only within a specific technical orcommercial organi>ation! 4hile each specification may have its own distinguishing characteristics thereare also many similarities between specifications! Before using any specification the designer shouldobtain a complete copy of the current issue from the specifying body to familiari>e himself with both theproperties specified and the conditions under which they are to be measured!

Standard specifications for Ductile Iron are normally based on mechanical properties e%cept for thosedefining austenitic Ductile Iron which are based on composition! 'echanical property values are given in

the units normal to the particular specifying body! =onversions for SI metric non$SI and non$metric unitsare given at the end of this section to assist in comparing specifications!

DUCTI+E I,ON SPECIFICATIONS

AST- A $( FE,,ITIC DUCTI+E I,ON P,ESSU,E/,ETAININ# CASTIN#S FO, USE AT E+E0ATED TE-PE,ATU,ES

This standard specifies chemical physical and hardness re#uirements!

Chemical ,e1uirementsThe castings shall conform to the followingre#uirements for chemical composition 2Note )3?

Ph2sical ,e1uirementsTensile Properties $ The Ductile Iron as represented by thetest specimens shall conform to the following re#uiremenetsfor tensile properties?

Total carbon min @Silicon ma% @

hosphorus ma% @

)!--7!(--!-6

Tensile strength min psi 2' a3ield strength min psi 2' a3.longation in 7 in! or (- mm min!

*- --- 20+030- --- 278*3+6@

Hardness: $ The hardness of the heat$treated Ductile Iron asrepresented by the test specimens and castings shall be withinthe following limits?

CB )---$ gf load +0) to +68



AST- A*$( AUSTENITIC DUCTI+E I,ON CASTIN#SChemical ,e1uirements

Element

T2pe

D/&A D/&3 D/&C D/$A D/$A D/* D/ D/ 3 D/ S

Composition4 5

Total carbon ma% )!-- )!-- 7!,- 7!*- 7!*- 7!*- 7!0- 7!0- 7!)-

Silicon +!(-$)!-- +!(-$)!-- +!--$)!-- +!--$7!6- +!--$7!6- (!--$*!-- +!--$7!6- +!--$7!6- 0!,-$(!(-

'anganese -!8-$+!7( -!8-$+!7( +!6-$7!0- +!-- ma% B +!-- ma%B +!-- ma%B +!-- ma%B +!-- ma%B +!-- ma%

hosphorus ma% -!-6 -!-6 -!-6 -!-6 -!-6 -!-6 -!-6 -!-6 -!-6

Nic el +6!--$77!-- +6!--$77!-- 7+!--$70!-- 76!--$)7!-- 76!--$)7!-- 76!--$)7!-- )0!--$)*!-- )0!--$)*!-- )0!--$)8!--

=hromium +!8($7!8( 7!8($0!-- -!(-$ma%B 7!(-$)!(- +!--$+!(- 0!(-$(!(- -!+- ma% 7!--$)!-- +!8($7!7( A Additions of -!8 to +!-@ of molybdenum will increase the mechanical properties above 6--o< 207(o=3!B Not intentionally added!

-echanical ,e1uirements

ElementT2pe

D/& D/&3 D/&C D/$ D/$A D/* D/ D/ 3 D/ SProperties

Tensile strength min si 2' a3 (6 20--3 (6 20--3 (6 20--3 (( 2)8,3 (( 2)8,3 *- 20+03 (( 2)8,3 (( 2)8,3 *( 200,3ield strength 2-!7 percent

offset3 min si 2' a3 )- 27-83 )- 27-83 76 2+,)3 )- 27-83 )- 27-83 $$ )- 27-83 )- 27-+3 )- 27-83.longation 7 in! or (-mm min @ 6!- 8!- 7-!- *!- +-!- $$ 7-!- *!- +-Brinell hardness 2)-- g3 +),$7-7 +06$7++ +7+$+8+ +),$7-7 +)+$+,) 7-7$78) +)+$+6( +),$+,) +)+$+,)

AST- A *67 DUCTI+E I,ON CASTIN#S FO, PAPE, -I++ D,8E, ,O++S

Chemical ,e1uirements Tensile ,e1uirements

The castings shall conform to the following chemicalre#uirements? Test Coupon Section Thic9ness ) in. $ in.

Total carbon min @ )!- Tensile strength min si 6- 6-

Silicon ma% @ )!- ield strength min si *- *-

hoshorus ma% @ -!-6 .longation in 7 in! min @ )!- +!-

Sulfur ma% @ -!-( The castings shall have a carbon e#uivalent of

)!6 to 0!( inclusive!

AST- A $7 DUCTI+E I,ON CASTIN#S

Tensile ,e1uirements

#rade7%"*%")'

#rade7 "* ")&

#rade'%" "%7

#rade)%%"6%"%$

#rade)&%"(%"%&

Tensile strength min psi *- --- *( --- 6- --- +-- --- +7- ---



Tensile strength min' a 0+0 006 ((7 *6, 678

ield strength min psi 0- --- 0( --- (( --- 8- --- ,- ---

ield strength min ' a 78* )+- )8, 06) *7+

.longation in 7 in! or (-mmmin @

+6 +7 *!- )!- 7!-

Tensile ,e1uirements !or Special Applications

#rade7%"*&")%

#rade6%" %"%

#rade'%"7%"%$

Tensile strength min psi *- --- 8- --- 6- ---

Tensile strength min ' a 0+( 06( (((

ield strength min psi 07 --- (- --- *- ---

ield strength min ' a 7,- )0( 0+(

.longation in 7 in! or (- mm min @ +- ( )

AST- A 6) AUSTENITIC DUCTI+E I,ON CASTIN#S FO, P,ESSU,E/ CONTAININ# PA,TS SUITA3+E FO, +O:/TE-PE,ATU,E SE,0ICE

This standard specifies that all castings shall be heat treated by annealing between+*-- and +6-- o< for + hour per inch of casting section and furnace cooling!

Chemical ,e1uirements -echanical Propert2 ,e1uirements A

Element Composition4 5 Class ) Class &

Total carbon 7!7$7!8 A Tensile Strength min si *( *-

Silicon +!($7!(- ield Strength -!7@ 2offset3 minsi )- 7(

'anganese )!8($0!( .longation min @ )- 7(

Nic el 7+!-$70!- Brinell Cardness )--- g +7+$+8+ +++$+8+

=hromium -!7- ma% =harpy E$notch ft$lbf min average ) tests +( 7-

hosphorus -!-6 ma% min individual test +7 +( A <or castings with sections under +F0 in! it may be desirableto ad&ust the carbon upwards to a ma%imum of 7!,-@!

A Ceat$treated condition

AST- A '(6 AUSTE-PE,ED DUCTI+E I,ON A'(6 -

-in. Tensile Str. -in. 8ield Str. Elon ation Impact Ener 2; <ardness

#rade -Pa =si -Pa =si Percent >oules Ft/lb 3<N;;

+7(F6-F+- +7( 6- +- 8( 7*,$)7+

6(-F((-F+- 6(- ((- +- +-- 7*,$)7+

+(-F+--F8 +(- +-- 8 *- )-7$)*)

+-(-F8--F8 +-(- 8-- 8 6- )-7$)*)



+8(F+7(F0 +8( +7( 0 0( )0+$000

+7--F6(-F0 +7-- 6(- 0 *- )0+$000

7--F+((F+ 7-- +(( + 7( )66$088

+0--F++--F+ +0-- ++-- + )( )66$088

7)-F+6(F$ 7)- +6( 999 999 000$(((

+*--F+)--F$ +*-- +)-- 999 999 000$(((

9 Ealues obtained using unnotched =harpy bars tested at 87 deg! < 27- deg! =3! The values in the table are the average of the three highest of four tested samples!99 Cardness is not a mandatory specification and is shown for information only!999 .longation and impact specifications are not re#uired!=omplete specifications may be obtained from?

American Society for Testing 'aterials! +,+* Race Street hiladelphia A +,+-)!Society of Automotive .ngineers Inc! 06( 5e%ington Ave! New or N +--+8!

American Society of 'echanical .ngineers )0( .ast 08th Street! New or N +--+8!

NOTE? SA. specification for Ductile Iron casting and austempered Ductile Iron casting are currentlybeing revised so they

were not available as of the time of this printing!

SAE >*$* FE3&%%* AUTO-OTI0E DUCTI+E I,ON CASTIN#S

#rade

Tensile stren th4, m) min.

8ield stren th4 Proo!stress4 , po.& min. ,elati@e :all

Thic9ness

Charp2 ImpactEner 2 T2picalImpact 0alues

Elon ation <ardness Structure

N"mm& 9si N"mm& 9si >oules !t./lb. 5 <3: -paB

D0--2D0-+63 0-- (6 78( 0- GH7-mm +7- ,- +6 +0)$+8-

2+0-7$+**83 <errite

D0(-2D0(+73

0(- *( )+- 0( GH7-mm 6- *- +7 +(*$7+8 2+()-$7+763

<errite$ earlite

D(--2D((-*3 (-- 8) )0( (- GH7-mm (0 0- * +68$77, 2+6)0$

770*3 <errite$ earlite

D((-2D((-03 ((- 6- )6- (( GH7-mm 0- )- 0 7+8$7*, 27+76$

7*)63 earlite$<errite

D8--2D8--)3 8-- +-7 0(- *( GH7-mm 78 7- ) 70+$)-7 27)*)$

7,*+3 earlite

D6-- 6-- ++* 06- 8- 7 7(($)++ 27(-+$)-(-3 earlite or Tempered 'artensite

D:;T A wide variety of properties are possible! 'inimum properties are specified by agreement betweenmanufacturer and purchaser!

Rangespecified byagreement

Tempered 'artensite

9 These irons are primarily specified on hardness and structure! The mechanical properties are given for information only!99:uenched and tempered grade hardness to be agreed between supplier and purchaser!

>APAN AUSTE-PE,ED SP<E,OIDA+ #,AP<ITE I,ON>IS # %$/)(( CASTIN#S

'echanical properties of separately cast test sample

S2mbol o! rade Tensile stren th 8ield stren th Elon ation 5 <ardness <3



N"mm& N"mm&

<=AD ,--$0 ,-- min! *-- min! 0 min! $

<=AD ,--$6 ,-- min! *-- min! 6 min! $

<=AD +---$( +--- min! 8-- min! ( min! $

<=AD +7--$7 +7-- min! ,-- min! 7 min! )0+ min!

<=AD +0--$+ +0-- min! ++-- min! + min! 0-+ min!

>APAN SP<E,OIDA+ #,AP<ITE I,ON CASTIN#S>IS # %&/)((

-echanical properties o! separatel2 cast test sample

S2mbol o!rade

Tensilestren thN"mm&

8ieldstren thN"mm&

Elon ation5 Charp2 absorption ener 2 In!ormation

re!erenceB

)(- min!

TestTemp.

oC

-ean@alue o!

$pieces

>

Indi@idual@alue > <ardness<3 -atristructure

<=D )(-$77 77- min! 77 min! 7) JK( +8 min! +0 min! +(- ma%! <errite

<=D )(-$775 $0- JK7 +7 min! , min!

<=D 0--$+6 0-- min! 7(- min! +6 min! 7) JK( +0 min! ++ min! +)- to +6-

<=D 0--$+65 $7- JK7 +7 min! , min!

<=D 0--$+( +( min! $ $ $

<=D 0(-$+- 0(- min! 76- min! +- min! +0- to 7+-

<=D (--$8 (-- min! )7- min! 8 min! +(- to 7)- <errite Lpearlite

<=D *--$) *-- min! )8- min! ) min! +8- to 78- earlite Lferrite

<=D 8--$7 8-- min! 07- min! 7 min! +6- to )-- earlite

<=D 6--$7 6-- min! 06- min! 7-- to ))-earlite or

temperedstructure

-echanical properties o! cast/on test sample

S2mbol o! rade

Chie!

thic9ness

o! iron

castin mm

Tensilestren thN"mm&

8ieldstren thN"mm&

Elon ation5 Charp2 absorption ener 2 In!ormation

re!erenceB

TestTemp.

oC

-ean@alueo! $

pieces

Indi@idual@alue >

<ardness<3

-atristructure



.N$M/S$)(-$77$5T73 .N$/S+-+0 )(- 77- 77

.N$M/S$)(-$77$5T .N$/S+-+- )(- 77- 77

.N$M/S$0--$+6$5T+3 .N$/S+-7( 0-- 70- +6

.N$M/S$0--$+6$5T73 .N$/S+-70 0-- 7(- +6

.N$M/S$0--$+6$5T .N$/S+-7- 0-- 7(- +6

.N$M/S$0(-$+( .N$/S+-)- 0-- 7(- +(

.N$M/S$0(-$+- .N$/S+-0- 0(- )+- +-

.N$M/S$(--$8 .N$/S+-(- (-- )7- 8

.N$M/S$*--$) .N$/S+-*- *-- )8- )

.N$M/S$8--$7 .N$/S+-8- 8-- 07- 7

.N$M/S$6--$7 .N$/S+-6- 6-- 06- 7

.N$M/S$,--$7 .N$/S+-,- ,-- *-- 7

+3 5T for low temperature!73 RT for room temperature!

NOT. +! The values for these maerials apply to castings cast in sand moulds of comparablethermal diffusivity! Sub&ect to amendments to be agreed upon in the order they can apply tocastings obtained by alternative methods!

NOT. 7! 4hatever the method used for obtaining the castings the grades are based on themechanical properties measured on test pieces ta en from samples separately cast in a sandmould or a mould of comparable thermal diffusivity!

NOT. )! +NFmm7 is e#uivalent to + ' a!

NOT. 0! the material designation is in accordance with .N +(*-!

-inimum impact resistance @alues measured on 0/notch test piecesmachines !rom separatel2 cast samples

-aterial desi nation -inimum impact resistance @alues in >B

At room temp.&$ BoC At /&% &BoC At /*% &BoC

S2mbol Number -ean@alue!rom $tests

Indi@idual@alue

-ean@alue !rom

$ tests

Indi@idual@alue

-ean@alue !rom

$ tests

Indi@idual@alue

.N$M/S$)(-$77$

5t+3

.N$/S+-+( $ $ $ $ +7 ,

.N$M/S$)(-$77$

.N$/S+-+0

+8 +0 $ $ $ $



Rt73

.N$M/S$0--$+6$

5t+3

.N$/S+-7( $ $ +7 , $ $

.N$M/S$0--$+6$

5t73

.N$/S+-70 +0 ++ $ $ $ $

+3 5t for low temperature!73 Rt for room temperature!

NOT. +! the values for these maerials apply to castings cast in sand moulds of comparablethermal diffusivity! Sub&ect to amendments to be agreed upon in the order they can apply tocastings obtained by alternative methods!


NOT. )! the material designation is in accordance with .N +(*-!

EU,OPEAN STANDA,DEN ) 7$ ? )((6 continuedB

-echanical properties measured on test pieces machined !rom separatel2 cast samples

-aterial desi nation ,ele@ant allthic9ness

t

mm

tensilestren th

, mN"mm&

min!

%.&5 proo!stress, p%.&

N"mm& min!

Elon ation

A5

min!Symbol Number

.N$M/S$)(-$771$5t+3

.N$/S+-+, t<30 30<t<60

60<t<200

)(-))-)7-

77-7+-7--

77+6+(

.N$M/S$)(-$

771$Rt7

3

.N$/S+-7, t<30

30<t<60 60<t<200

)(-

))-)7-

77-

7+-7--

77

+6+(

.N$M/S$)(-$771

.N$/S+-)7 t<30 30<t<60

60<t<200

)(-))-)7-

77-7+-7--

77+6+(

.N$M/S$0--$+61$5T+3

.N$/S+-0, t<30 30<t<60

60<t<200

0--),-)8-

70-7)-77-

+6+(+7

.N$M/S$0--$+61$RT73

.N$/S+-(, t<30 30<t<60

60<t<200

0--),-)8-

7(-7(-70-

+6+(+7

.N$M/S$0--$+61

.N$/S+-*7 t<30 30<t<60

60<t<200

0--),-)8-

7(-7(-70-

+6+(+7

.N$M/S$0--$+(1

.N$/S+-87 t<30 30<t<60

60<t<200

0--),-)8-

7(-7(-70-

+(+0++

.N$M/S$0(-$+-1

.N$/S++)7 t<30 30<t<60

60<t<200

0(- )+- +-G To be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser!

.N$M/S$(--$81

.N$/S+-67 t<30 30<t<60

60<t<200

(--0(-07-

)7-)--7,-

88(



.N$M/S$*--$)1

.N$/S+-,7 tG)-)-GtG*-*-GtG7--

*--*--((-

)8-)*-)0-

)7+

.N$M/S$8--$71

.N$/S++-7 tG)-)-GtG*-*-GtG7--

8--8--**-

07-0--)6-

77+

.N$M/S$6--$71 .N$/S+++7 tG)-)-GtG*-*-GtG7--

6-- 06- 7G To be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser!

.N$M/S$,--$71

.N$/S++77 tG)-)-GtG*-*-GtG7--

,-- 06- 7G To be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser!


NOT. +! The properties of a cast$on test piece cannot e%actly the properties of the casting itselfbut can be a better appro%imation than those obtained on a separtely cast sample! <urther valuesare given in anne% D for guidance!

NOT. 7! NFmm7 is e#uivalent to + ' a!

NOT. )! The material designation is in accordance with .N +(*-!

EU,OPEAN STANDA,DEN ) 7$ ? )((6 continuedB

-aterialdesi nation

3rinell hardnessran e

<3

Other properties!or in!ormation onl2B

, mN"mm&

, p%.&N"mm&

S2mbol Number

.N$M/S$CB+)- .N$/S7-+- 5ess than +*- )(- 77-

.N$M/S$CB+(- .N$/S7-7- +)- to +8( 0-- 7(-

.N$M/S$CB+(( .N$/S7-)- +)( to +6- 0-- 7(-

.N$M/S$CB+6( .N$/S7-0- +*- to 7+- 0(- )+-

.N$M/S$CB7-- .N$/S7-(- +8- to 7)- (-- )7-

.N$M/S$CB7)- .N$/S7-*- +,- to 78- *-- )8-

.N$M/S$CB7*( .N$/S7-8- 77( to )(- 8-- 07-

.N$M/S$CB)-- +3 .N$/S7-6- +3 70( to ))( 6-- 06-

.N$M/S$CB))- +3 .N$/S7-,- +3 78- to )*- ,-- *--+3 .N$M/S$CB)-- 2.N$/S7-6-3 and .N$M/S7-,-3 are not recommended for thic sectioncastings! NOT. +! + NFmm7 is e#uivalent to + ' a!

-inimum impact resistance @alues measured on 0/notched test pieces machined !rom cast/onsamples

-aterial ,ele@ant -inimum impact resistance @alues in >B



desi nation allthic9ness

t

mm

At roomtemperature

&$H BoC At /&%H&BoC At /*%H&BoC

S2mbol Number

-ean@alue!rom $tests

Indi@idual@alue


Indi@idual@alue


Indi@idual@alue

.N$M/S$)(-$771$5T+3

.N$/S+-+, tG*-

*-GtG7--

$ $ $ $+7+-

,8

.N$M/S$)(-$771$RT73

.N$/S+-7,

tG*-*-GtG7--

+8+(

+0+7

$ $ $ $

.N$M/S$0--$+61$5T+3

.N$/S+-0, )-GtG*-*-GtG7--

$ $ +7+- ,8 $ $

.N$M/S$0--$+61$RT73

.N$/S+-(,

)-GtG*-*-GtG7--

+0+7

++,

$ $ $ $


NOT. +! The values for the materials normally apply to castings with thic nesses between )- mm

and 7-- mm and with a mass greater than 7--- g or when the relevant wall thic ness may varybetween )- mm and 7-- mm!

NOT. 7! The properties of a cast$on test piece cannot reflect e%actly the properties of the castingitself but can be a better appro%imation than those obtained on a separately cast sample! <urthervalues are given in anne% D for guidance!

NOT. )! + NFmm7 is e#uivalent to + ' a!

NOT. 0! The material designation is in accordance with .N +(*-!

EU,OPEAN STANDA,D AUSTE-PE,ED DUCTI+E CAST I,ONS

EN ) 7* ? )((6-echanical properties measured on test pieces machined !rom separatel2 cast samples.

-aterial desi nation Tensile stren th, m

N"mm&

min.

%.&5 proo! stress, p%.&

N"mm&

min.

Elon ation A

5min.S2mbol Number

.N$M/S$6--$6 .N$/S++-- 6-- (-- 6



.N$M/S$+---$( .N$/S+++- +--- 8-- (

.N$M/S$+7--$7 .N$/S++7- +7-- 6(- 7

.N$M/S$+0--$+ .N$/S++)- +0-- ++-- +

NOT. +! The values for the materials apply to castings cast in sand moulds of comparablethermal diffusivity! Sub&ect to amendments to be agreed upon in the order they can apply tocastings obtained by alternative methods!


NOT. )! + NFmm7 is e#uivalent to + ' a!

NOT. 0! The material designation is in accordance with .N +(*-!

<ardness ran e

-aterial desi nation 3rinell hardness ran e<3S2mbol Number

.N$M/S$6--$6 .N$/S++-- 7*- to )7-

.N$M/S$+---$( .N$/S+++- )-- to )*-

.N$M/S$+7--$7 .N$/S++7- )0- to 00-

.N$M/S$+0--$+ .N$/S++)- )6- to 06-

NOT.? The material designation is in accordance with .N +(*-!

SOUT< AF,ICA SP<E,OIDA+ #,AP<ITE I,ON CASTIN#SSA3S ($7"($6

Tensile stren th, m min.

Proo! stress, p%.& min.

Elon ation A min.

<ardness

#rade N"mm & 9 !"m& ton"in& N"mm& 9 !"m& ton"in& 5 <3 Structure

SM)6 )8( )6!- 70!7 70( 7(!- +*!- +8 G+6- <errite

SM07 0+- 07!- 7!( 78( 76!+ +8!8 +7 G7-- <errite

SM(- 0,- (-!- )+!8 )0( )(!7 77!) 8 +8- $70-

<errite ;pearlite

SM*- (,- *-!- )6!+ ),- ),!6 7(!7 0 7+- $7(- earlite

SM8- *6( 8-!- 00!0 00- 00!, 76!( ) 7)- $

)--earlite

SM6- 86( 6-!- (-!6 0,- (-!- )+!8 7 7*- $))-

earlite ortemper

structure

<or information only!

SOUT< AF,ICA AUSTE-PE,ED DUCTI+E I,ON CASTIN#SSA3S )7 7 ? )((



#rade -inimumtensile

stren th, m

-Pa

-inimumproo! stress

, p%.&-Pa

-inimumelon ation

5

Impactstren th

ener 2 lossB>

<ardness )B

ADI 6(- 6(- ((- +- +-- 7*, $ )7+

ADI +-(- +-(- 8-- 8 6- )-7 $ )*) ADI +7-- +7-- 6(- 0 *- )0+ $ 000

ADI +0-- +0-- ++-- + )( )66 $ 088

ADI +*-- +*-- +)-- $ $ 000 $ (((+3 <or information only!

SOUT< AF,ICA AUSTENITIC SP<E,OIDA+ #,AP<ITE I,ON CASTIN#S

Tensile stren th, m min.

Proo! stress, p%.& min.

Elon ation A min.

<ardnessma .

#rade N"mm & 9 !"m& ton"in& N"mm& 9 !"m& ton"in& 5 <3

ASM$7A )8( )6!- 70!7 7-( 7+!- +)!) 6 7--

ASM$7B )8( )6!- 70!7 7-( 7+!- +)!) * 7((

ASM$)A )8( )6!- 70!7 +,( 7-!- +7!( 7- +8-

ASM$0A )8( )6!- 70!7 7-( 7+!- +)!) +- 7)-

ASM$(A )8( )6!- 70!7 7-( 7+!- +)!) 8 7--

ASM$*A 0+- 07!- 7*!( 7-( 7+!- +)!) 7( +8-

P<8SICA+ P,OPE,TIES OF SO-E E+E-ENTS

Element S2mbol Atomic:ei ht -eltin Point 3oilin PointoF Densit2rs"ccoF oC Aluminum Al 7*!,8 +77- **- )787 7!8- Antimony Sb +7+!8* ++*8 *)- 7(+* *!*7Barium Ba +)8!)* +(*7 6(- 7-60 )!(-Beryllium Be ,!-7 70*7 +)(- 78)7 +!67Bismuth Bi 7-,!-- (7- 78+ 7*07 ,!6Boron B +-!67 0+87 7767 0*77 7!)-=admium =d ++7!0+ *+- )7+ +0-6 6!*(=alcium =a 0-!-6 +(*0 6(+ 7(77 +!((=arbon = +7!-- $ $ *(+7 7!77=erium =e +0-!+) +078 *0- 7((7 *!8,=hromium =r (7!-+ ))7* +6+7 ),,7 8!+0=obalt =o (6!,0 7*,* +06- (7(7 6!,-=olumbium Nb ,7!,+ )(07 +,)7 (,87 6!(8=opper =u *)!(8 +,67 +-67 07(, 6!,0Mold Au +,8!7- +,0( +-*7 08+7 +,)-Iron <e ((!60 78,( +()( (0)- 8!685ead b 7-8!77 *7+ )78 7,06 ++!)(5ithium 5i *!,0 )*8 +6* 70)8 -!()



+ / H -!8)8(8 ft$lbf H -!+-+,8 gf$m

+ gf$m H ,!6-*8/H 8!)-*6 ft lbf

UnitsEn lish

-ultiplicationFactor SI Units

Area in7 *!0( cm7

Area ft7 !-,) m 7

5ength in 7!(0 cm

5ength ft !)-( m

'ass lb! !0(0 g

Temp 2o< $ )73 !((* o=

3e2ond Speci!icationsStandards and specifications ensure uniformity and assist both the designer and the foundry in definingthe most important properties of the castings! Cowever most of the specifications identify either minimumproperties or ranges of properties inferring that all castings whose properties either e%ceed the minimumor lie anywhere within the range are e#ually acceptable! This inference is incorrect and high #ualitycastings whose properties either consistently e%ceed re#uirements or fall well within specified rangesoffer the designer a competitive edge! Through commitments to S = and continual #uality improvementmany foundries have developed the capability to produce castings whose higher #uality can bedemonstrated statistically! Designers should ta e advantage of these capabilities to obtain assured #ualitywhich is superior to that re#uired by specifications!

ductile iron data

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