duniaalam-- teacher guide -...

Dunia Alam (The Natural World)

An Indonesian language and cultural trail in the Adelaide Botanic garden

Teacher’s Guide Junior - Middle Primary Level

Education @ Adelaide Botanic Garden is made possible by a partnership between The

Department for Education and Child Development and the Botanic Gardens

Contents • Bookings • Acknowledgment and Copyright • Purpose and Key idea of the trail • How to use this guide • Australian Curriculum Links • Before and after the visit. • When in the garden (guidelines for school groups) • Sequence of activities • Plant information, key points and discussion ideas. • Trail map.

Bookings. Bookings are essential Whether planning a self managed visit or a session planned with the education manager, for reasons of risk management, emergency alert and OHS, bookings are essential for all school visits. (text 1) Book by phone: 82229311 Booking by fax: 82229399 Booking online: www.botanic.sa.edu.au Booking by email: [email protected] To discuss possibilities or book the Education manager for a session ph:82229344 or email: [email protected] Acknowledgment and Copyright Content: Madelena Bendo and Steve Meredith Illustrations: Gilbert Dashorst Assistance from the Botanic Gardens of Adelaide and State Herbarium staff Grant assistance: Multicultural Education Coordinating Committee Revised March 2013

© 2013 The State of South Australia, Department for Education and Child Development and The Botanic Gardens of Adelaide. This publication is protected by copyright. It may be reproduced by South Australian teachers for use with their students.

Selamat Datang

ke Dunia Alam

Purpose and Key Idea In Indonesia, Dunia Alam means natural world. This concept forms the basis of an Indonesian cultural/language visit to the Adelaide Botanic Garden and Bicentennial Conservatory. Dunia Alam encourages the approach of cross curriculum teaching. Through practical language based tasks and an emphasis on the cultural uses of plants, students are able to glimpse a part of the natural Indonesian environment while experiencing what it feels like to be surrounded by tropical rainforest. Dunia Alam is intended to be used as a part of a unit of work for junior and middle primary students which relates to the plants, people and the natural environment of Indonesia. Other themes which can link into the walk include traditional daily life, foods and materials.

Language development can focus on describing/ description, number, shape, colour, direction, use of senses, parts of plants, feelings and opinions.

__________________________________________________________________________

How to use this Guide The student activities in this booklet are illustration based and are intended for use by junior and middle primary students (ALL guidelines stage A and B). Because students are at different stages of language development, the illustrations are provided as starting points for developing language activities. The focus could be on sensory based activities for those students new to school or on more complex language structures for those that have developed literacy skills. Hence teachers are encouraged to use the illustrations to structure their own language exercises suitable for the stage of development of their particular students.

Information provided with the illustrations has suggestions for questions and activities around which teachers can base the language focus.

The materials in this booklet should be photocopied so that each student has a copy of student activity materials.

Australian Curriculum Links

The Indonesian Language trail Dunia Alam is focused on lower primary students in general. However given different rates of language development and native language speakers may well suit older students. Other learning areas that are clearly involved are History and Geography.

General Capabilities Literacy Comprehending texts through listening, viewing and reading

Composing texts through speaking, writing and creating. Word and visual knowledge

Critical and creative thinking

Inquiring – identifying, exploring and clarifying information Generating and developing ideas and possibilities

Personal and social

Social awareness

Intercultural understanding

Recognising/ Interacting / Reflecting / Respect

Cross Curricula priorities

Asia and Australia’s engagement with Asia Code Organising ideas

Asia and its diversity

OI.1 The peoples and countries of Asia are diverse in ethnic background, traditions, cultures, belief systems and religions.

Achievements and contributions of the peoples of Asia

OI.3 The achievements of the peoples and countries of Asia have contributed and continue to contribute to world history and human endeavour, and their participation is fundamental to the well being and progress of the world.

OI.4 The arts and literature of Asia have significant influence on the aesthetic and creative pursuits of people and societies in Australia, the region and globally.

Asia-Australia engagement

OI.5 For Australians to be good regional and global citizens we need to understand, learn from, and engage and communicate with our Asian neighbours.

OI.6 Australia is located in the Asia region and our histories from ancient times to the present are linked. Sustainability

Systems

OI.3 Sustainability of social and economic systems is closely related to sustainability of the environment.

World View

OI.5 Communities throughout the world have a common interest in maintaining environments for the future and deserve to be treated equitably.

Futures

OI.7 Sustainability action is designed to intervene in ecological, social and economic systems in order to develop more sustainable patterns of living.

Before and after the visit

Language Preparation Developing language activities Specific Bahasa Indonesia language tasks can be based around the following suggested ideas and vocabulary list.

Language Ideas for Activity Pages Circling or underlining choices of words. eg hijau / kuning

Joining a word to a part of the drawing. eg daun

Circling a part of the drawing eg Circle the cabang

Filling in missing words/numbers in Indonesian eg I counted _ rings.

Open ended sentence completion eg “Saya suka........”

Common themes throughout the walk are: 1. Shapes using words like: panjang pendek bulat 2. Colour using words like: hijau kuning merah hitam cokelat 3. Counting using words like: satu dua tiga empat lima enam tujuh delapan sembilan sepuluh... 4. Size using words like: besar kecil` 5. Finding plants using words like: di mana berjalan langkah jauh lihat dekat kiri kanan belok berhenti 6. Naming parts of plants with: daun bunga togok 7. Discussing the excursion using phrases like: Saya suka....... Saya melihat.....

Saya tidak suka...... Saya merasa panas/dingin 8. Questioning using words such as: apa berapa di mana bagaimana

Daftar Kata The following vocabulary list is a useful guide for developing language activities:

biru blue cokelat brown hitam black hijau green jingga orange kuning yellow merah red muda light putih white tua dark

Nomor satu one dua two tiga three empat four lima five enam six tujuh seven delapan eight sembilan nine sepuluh ten sebelas eleven duabelas twelve

Tanaman pohon tree tanaman plant bunga flower daun leaf akar root batang togok trunk cabang branch tulang daun veins

Sentuhan berbulu furry dingin cold halus smooth hangat warm kasar rough asam sour cium smell keras strong manis sweet matang ripe besar big bulat round kecil small panjang long pendek short segi-empat square tajam sharp tebal thick tinggi tall tipis thin

Mencari Jalan belok turn berhenti stop kanan right ke atas above ke bawa below kiri left melihat look mencari find

Aktivitas gambarkanlah draw hubungkanlah join selesaikanlah finish

Warna

Nomor

Tanama

Deskrips

Aktivi

Mencari

Adelaide Botanic Garden Education Service

Sambungan

banyak lots

basah wet/moist

bayangkan imagine

berdiri stand

berhenti stop

beristirahat take a rest

berputar turn around

besar big

cuaca atmosphere

di belakang behind

di dapat to find, get

di cari to find

dingin cold

duduk sit

gelap dull/dark

hitungkan count

hutan forest

jalan walk

jembatan bridge

kaca glass

ke atas to (above)

kecil small

kering dry

kesan impression

kira-kira approximately

kolam pond

kulit batang bark

langkah step(s)

lembab humid

lihat look

menduga guess

menyentuh to touch/feel

panas hot

panjang long

pegang touch/hold

pendek short

pikir think / ponder

sebelah kanan on/to the

right(side)

sebelah kiri on/to the

left(side)

sejuk cool

tali string/rope

terang clear

terdapat is found, to be

found

tinggi tall

ujung end

warna colour(s)


Some helpful questions

Bagaimana cuaca di dalam conservatory ? Warna apa anda bisa melihat ? Apa warna ? Berapa warna ...........? Berapa panjang daunnya ? Berapa tingginya ? Warna apa yang dominan ? Bagaimana daunnya ? Bagaimana kulit batang pohon itu ? Apa daun besar atau kecil ? Akar tanaman ini dipakai untuk apa ? Kira-kira berapa panjangnya satu daun ? Apakah pohon ini tinggi atau pendek ? Apakah pohon ini berbuah / berbunga ? Apakah daun-daun panjang atau pendek ? Ada berapa daun / bunga / buah ? Kamu paling suka tanaman / pohon / bunga apa ? Apakah kamu sudah pernah melihat ini ? Selesaikanlah gambar daun ini. Daun ini berbentuk ____ Bayangkanlah ... Hitungkanlah ... Pikirlah ... Gambarlah ...


Classroom Activities

Pre-Visit

Possible themes which could be developed prior to your visit include:

The Natural Environment

Indonesian Rainforest.

Traditional Village Lifestyle - Gotong Royong

Traditional Food Use

Plants and People

Just before you visit you could encourage the feeling of going on a trip to Indonesia by: preparing flight tickets to Indonesia

preparing Indonesian passports

choosing one piece of tropical clothing to wear

making suitably decorated name badges (see template at the back of booklet)

organizing a shared tropical lunch.

Post Visit

Students could: Collect leaves of plants they think might grow in Indonesia and

discuss their features.

Cut out and decorate the drawings from your visit. Paste them

together to make a wall chart or collage of a typical rainforest or garden scene from Indonesia.

Find things from home, made from plants which might grow in

Indonesia. Bring them to school and talk about them.

Reflect on what they have learnt and write a short poem.


Planning

Pre Visit Organisation

The conservatory is warm and humid. It usually is more comfortable to visit early in the day and during the cooler months of the year.

For the comfort of students small group work is encouraged.

The material in this booklet should be photocopied so that each student has a copy of

student activity materials.

Part of this excursion is outdoors; students will require sun protection.

Students will need clipboard, pens and pencils.

When in the Garden (Guidelines for School Groups) In the garden, please supervise students at all times. Before starting your walk please remind your group that:

• Gardens are peaceful places for people to relax and enjoy. • Walking slowly and talking quietly ensures everybody and everything will enjoy the

garden. • Plants are fragile, touch them gently. • Flowers, leaves, bark, seeds etc. growing on plants or lying on the ground are there for all to

enjoy. When finished with plant material found on the ground always return it to the garden. • Keeping to paths and not walking on beds or borders avoids damage to plants.

The garden is a special place. Please leave it as you find it.


Sequence of activities

Activity !. Selamat Datang An introductory stroll through the conservatory to note the different conditions, enjoy the plants and to help break into small groups ready for the next activity.

Location: Bicentennial Conservatory Suggested Time: 5 minutes

Activity 2. Tanaman Hutan Focus: Observation and Discussion

A walk along the ground floor of the conservatory to familiarize students with tropical and sub-tropical plants that grow in Indonesia. Teacher information about traditional uses and specific features of the plants are provided. Different points for discussion are suggested at each of the nine stations. The focus here is on observation and discussion.


Activity 3. Daun-daun Focus: Visual Discovery and Plant Features

A walk along the upper walkway of the conservatory to find different rainforest leaves, to talk about them and complete some activities in small groups. This section could be particularly useful for students with limited literacy skills.

Prior to your visit pages in this section can be developed with language activities using suggestions which accompany the drawings.


Activity 4. Di Kebun Raya

Focus: Cultural Uses of Plants

A walk outside the conservatory in the botanic garden to find plants commonly cultivated and used in Indonesia. The emphasis is on activities involving the senses.

Location: In the Adelaide Botanic Garden Suggested Time: 40

minutes


Activity 1, 2 and 3 Conservatory Walks

Some Points to Remember

• You can start your trail at any station.

• Upper and lower walkway activities follow a circular route. Activities can be started at any point along either of these pathways.

• Try to organize small group work with parent / teacher supervision. This will enable more effective use of the narrow walkways in the conservatory.

• All the activities do not need to be completed in the one session. Your entry concession allows multiple visits to the Conservatory on the same day at no extra charge.

• A vocabulary list can be found at the front of this book. This can be used to assist parents working with students on language based activities.

Finding the Plants

• Use the sketches of plants and the included maps to find plants.

• When you think you are near the plant, match the plant name on the small brown plant label with the one in the booklet.

• Do not follow the blue numbered labels, they are for a different trail.

Hints For Parents

Without parents there are many activities like excursions which teachers could not undertake. Thank you for helping to work with students. The following points will help students gain the most from their visit.

• Don’t try to cover all the ‘things to do’ activities listed, just one or two at each station. Keep things moving to help maintain student interest.

• Encourage the students to make their own observations and to talk about what they notice. Its okay to adjust the activities to suit the needs of your students.

• Try to read the interest level of your group to decide when best to move on.

• Start at any point along the upper and lower walkway trails to avoid congestion


Selamat Datang Activity 1

When you enter the conservatory you will feel the climate

change.

In small groups, have a stroll through the rainforest,

look around then come back to the entrance.

What does it feel like in here?

Bagaimana cuacanya....? panas dingin basah kering sejuk lembab Look at the rainforest in front of you.

Warna apa anda bisa lihat ? merah kuning hijau hitam biru jingga

Now, in small groups start your upper or lower walkway trail.

PLEASE DO NOT FOLLOW THE BLUE NUMBERED LABELS,

THEY ARE FOR A DIFFERENT TRAIL.

Selamat jalan.

Circle your

answer

Circle your

answer


Tanaman Hutan

Activity 2 Rainforest Garden..............lower

walkway This short walk takes students from the main entrance, along the lower brick path, to the far end of the conservatory. From here you can begin the next activity, the leaf walk, which will bring you back to the entrance along the upper walkway. The nine tropical plants listed in this activity are often cultivated around houses and in village gardens in Indonesia. The learning focus is oral discussion. Students are encouraged to look for and to talk about features of the plants and their different cultural uses.


Daun-daun

Activity 3

Leaf Walk..........Upper walkway This walk winds its way along the upper walkway and encourages students to closely observe the leaves of six different rainforest plants. The learning focus is visual discovery, comparisons and language development. The large plant drawings and language tasks in Bahasa Indonesia (which been developed by the teacher for their students) are to be used here.


Di Kebun Raya Activity 4

Plant information, key points and discussion ideas

1. Aleurites moluccana (Candle-nut Tree)....Kemiri This plant produces an extremely hard nut which needs a strong blow to expose a white seed that tastes like an oily walnut. In Java, the oily seed is pounded with cotton and coconut flesh to form a stiff wax then formed into a candle by shaping it around a bamboo splint. This candle burns with an unpleasant smell and gives the tree its name 'candle-nut'. A rich, fermented sauce, made from the ground nuts, forms the base of some Indonesian dishes. If eaten raw the nuts are poisonous. Coconut water provides an antidote for candle-nut poisoning. Candle-nut oil is used in the Javanese batik industry. Both men and women in Java and Bali apply the oil to their hair to mask any red or orange tinges so as not to resemble Ragda, the Hindu witch. 2. Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Cinnamon)...Kayu Manis Cinnamon sticks are made from bark peelings which are commonly sold in markets. The sticks add a spicy flavour to sweet dishes such as black rice pudding. As a medicine, cinnamon has been used to treat diarrhoea. Look on the ground about 4 or 5 steps to the west of this

tree for a distinctive, three-veined leaf. This leaf comes from a closely related cinnamon tree. Rub the leaf and share the strong cinnamon smell with others. Please do not pick leaves off the tree. 3. Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon Grass)....Sereh Lemon grass stems are crossed then split to release their strong lemon flavour. Used in many dishes, lemon grass is popular as a flavouring for fish, soup and curry dishes. In Java, the plant adds flavour to a highly spiced sherbet drink. The powerful, fresh lemon scent from distilled lemon grass is used to scent perfumes, detergents, disinfectants and insecticides. Tea made from lemon grass is prepared as an aid to digestion. Run your hands over the leaves of this plant to release the

lemon fragrance. 4. Carica papaya (Papaw)....Papaya Papaya, was brought to Asia from South America over three hundred years ago. This small tree bears large, sweet, spicy fruits directly on its trunk. The fruit is ripe when the flesh turns yellow and is commonly eaten after meals. Young, immature fruit may be boiled and used as a vegetable. Papain, a protein digesting chemical found throughout the plant, is


used to tenderise meat. This is done by wrapping the meat in leaves containing papain prior to cooking. Carica chrysopetala, a close relative of papaya, often has

visible papaya fruit near the top of the main stem. The plant is marked on the map as number 3 with an asterisk. 5. Hibiscus....Bunga Raya Often large, bold and beautiful, the hibiscus flower makes an attractive body decoration. The flowers brighten up homes and often add to the splendour of floats or displays made for special ceremonies and occasions. The fibre from hibiscus stems may be used to make cord or string. Many parts of the plant are used medicinally, in particular, juice from the leaves is said to assist with childbirth. The flowers are used in offerings to the gods by the Hindu people of Bali. 6. Bambusa (Bamboo).....Bambu The different uses of bamboo are almost endless and make it one of the most versatile and important materials in Indonesia. Its versatility is demonstrated in house building where it makes up scaffolding as well as floor, wall and roof construction. Water can be carried in bamboo containers and on a broader scale it is used to pipe running water. Special bamboos are cultivated to make musical instruments like the angklung and suling (flute). Young bamboo shoots are eaten as a vegetable. How many different types of bamboo are in this section of

the garden? 7. Casuarina glauca.....Cemara In this small forest of casuarinas, stand still and listen to the sound of the wind as it whistles through the branchlets of these trees. Near sea shores, where this plant often grows, the sound of the wind in the casuarina tree is commonly used in the language of poetry and songs. Not surprisingly, it has symbolic and spiritual importance to the Javanese. A similar spiritual significance is attached to casuarina trees growing near the coast by the Narrunga Aboriginal people from Yorke Peninsula.

Di Kebun Raya

Garden Walk.........in the Adelaide Botanic Garden….

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