durban platform on climate, 2011

7/31/2019 Durban Platform on Climate, 2011

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ILLL/LT/2488/;/Hff%8

2

Fmlk|koe 8/LT%80

M|vhbak|ngmev oi he Hf Nol Porcke` @ro}t oe vnm F}rbhe

Tahviorg ior Menhelmf Hlvkoe

Vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|!

Rmloèkzke` vnhv lakghvm lnhe`m rmtrm|mev| he }r`mev hef tovmevkhaa{ krrmymr|kbam

vnrmhv vo n}ghe |olkmvkm| hef vnm tahemv hef vn}| rmx}krm| vo bm }r`meva{ hffrm||mf b{ haa

Thrvkm|! hef hlceopamf`ke` vnhv vnm àobha ehv}rm oi lakghvm lnhe`m lhaa| ior vnm pkfm|v

to||kbam lootmrhvkoe b{ haa lo}evrkm| hef vnmkr thrvklkthvkoe ke he miimlvkym hef httrotrkhvm

kevmrehvkoeha rm|toe|m! pkvn h ykmp vo hllmamrhvke` vnm rmf}lvkoe oi àobha `rmmeno}|m `h|

mgk||koe|!

Eovke` pkvn `rhym loelmre vnm |kèkiklhev `ht bmvpmme vnm h``rm`hvm miimlv oi

Thrvkm| gkvk`hvkoe tamf`m| ke vmrg| oi àobha hee}ha mgk||koe| oi `rmmeno}|m `h|m| b{2424 hef h``rm`hvm mgk||koe thvnph{| loe|k|vmev pkvn nhyke` h akcma{ lnhelm oi noafke`

vnm kelrmh|m ke àobha hymrh`m vmgtmrhv}rm bmaop 2 L or 8%= L hboym trm'kef}|vrkha amyma|!

Rmloèkzke` vnhv i}aikaake` vnm }avkghvm objmlvkym oi vnm Loeymevkoe pkaa rmx}krm

|vrme`vnmeke` oi vnm g}avkahvmrha! r}am|'bh|mf rm`kgm }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe!

Eovke`fmlk|koe 8/LGT%0!

Ha|o eovke`fmlk|koe 2/LT%80!

8% Fmlkfm| vo m~vmef vnm Hf Nol Porcke` @ro}t oe Aoe`'vmrg Lootmrhvkym Hlvkoe

}efmr vnm Loeymevkoe ior oem {mhr ke orfmr ior kv vo loevke}m kv| porc hef rmhln vnm h`rmmf

o}vlogm t}r|}hev vo fmlk|koe 8/LT%8< .Bhak Hlvkoe Tahe+ vnro}`n fmlk|koe| hfotvmf b{ vnm|k~vmmevn! |mymevmmevn hef mk`nvmmevn |m||koe| oi vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|! hv pnkln

vkgm vnm Hf Nol Porcke` @ro}t oe Aoe`'vmrg Lootmrhvkym Hlvkoe }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe

|nhaa bm vmrgkehvmf3

2% Ha|o fmlkfm| vo ah}eln h trolm|| vo fmymaot h trovoloa! heovnmr am`ha ke|vr}gmev or

he h`rmmf o}vlogm pkvn am`ha iorlm }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe httaklhbam vo haa Thrvkm|! vnro}`n

h |}b|kfkhr{ bof{ }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe nmrmb{ m|vhbak|nmf hef vo bm ceope h| vnm Hf Nol

Porcke` @ro}t oe vnm F}rbhe Tahviorg ior Menhelmf Hlvkoe3


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Imbr}hr{ 2482 vnmkr

ykmp| oe otvkoe| hef ph{| ior i}rvnmr kelrmh|ke` vnm amyma oi hgbkvkoe hef fmlkfm| vo noaf

he ke'|m||koe porc|not hv vnm ikr|v em`ovkhvke` |m||koe ke 2482 vo loe|kfmr otvkoe| hef ph{|

ior kelrmh|ke` hgbkvkoe hef to||kbam i}rvnmr hlvkoe|%

84vn

tamehr{ gmmvke`

88 Fmlmgbmr 2488


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Fmlk|koe 2/LT%80

O}vlogm oi vnm porc oi vnm Hf Nol Porcke` @ro}t oe

Aoe`'vmrg Lootmrhvkym Hlvkoe }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe

Vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|!

K% H |nhrmf yk|koe ior aoe`'vmrg lootmrhvkym hlvkoe

Rmlhaake`fmlk|koe 8/LT%8< .vnm Bhak Hlvkoe Tahe+ hef fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! mahborhvke`

oe h |nhrmf yk|koe ior aoe`'vmrg lootmrhvkym hlvkoe! ke thrvkl}ahr vnm ghefhvm loevhkemf ke

fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn| = hef 9! pkvn rm`hrf vo porcke` vophrf| kfmevki{ke` h àobha

òha ior |}b|vhevkhaa{ rmf}lke` àobha mgk||koe| b{ 24=4 hef h vkgm irhgm ior h àobha

tmhcke` oi `rmmeno}|m `h| mgk||koe|!

8% H`rmm|! ke vnm loevm~v oi vnm aoe`'vmrg òha hef vnm }avkghvm objmlvkym oi vnmLoeymevkoe hef vnm Bhak Hlvkoe Tahe! vo loevke}m vo porc vophrf| kfmevki{ke` h àobha òha

ior |}b|vhevkhaa{ rmf}lke` àobha mgk||koe| b{ 24=4! hef vo loe|kfmr kv hv kv| mk`nvmmevn

|m||koe3

2% Ha|o h`rmm| vo loevke}m vo porc! ke vnm loevm~v oi vnm troyk|koe| oi fmlk|koe

8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 9! vophrf| kfmevki{ke` h vkgm irhgm ior vnm àobha tmhcke` oi

`rmmeno}|m `h| mgk||koe| bh|mf oe vnm bm|v hyhkahbam |lkmevkikl ceopamf`m hef mx}kvhbam

hllm|| vo |}|vhkehbam fmymaotgmev! hef vo loe|kfmr kv hv kv| mk`nvmmevn |m||koe3


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Kevmròymregmevha Thema oe Lakghvm Lnhe`m! pkvn h ykmp vo rmf}lke` àobha `rmmeno}|m

`h| mgk||koe| |o h| vo noaf vnm kelrmh|m ke àobha hymrh`m vmgtmrhv}rm bmaop 2 L hboym

trm'kef}|vrkha amyma|! hef vnhv Thrvkm| |no}af vhcm }r`mev hlvkoe vo gmmv vnk| aoe`'vmrg òha!

loe|k|vmev pkvn |lkmelm hef oe vnm bh|k| oi mx}kv{3 ha|o rmloèkzke` vnm emmf vo loe|kfmr! ke

vnm loevm~v oi vnm ikr|v rmykmp oi vnm aoe`'vmrg àobha òha! h| rmimrrmf vo ke fmlk|koe

8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 8! |vrme`vnmeke` vnm aoe`'vmrg àobha òha oe vnm bh|k| oi vnm bm|vhyhkahbam |lkmevkikl ceopamf`m! kela}fke` ke rmahvkoe vo h àobha hymrh`m vmgtmrhv}rm rk|m oi

8%= L!

Hlceopamf`ke` vnhv vnmrm k| h `ht bmvpmme vnm h``rm`hvm amyma oi rmf}lvkoe ke

mgk||koe| oi `rmmeno}|m `h|m| vo bm hlnkmymf vnro}`n àobha gkvk`hvkoe miiorv| hef vnm

rmf}lvkoe emmfmf h| thrv oi vnm àobha miiorv vo hlnkmym vnm rhe`m kefklhvmf ke vnm Io}rvn

H||m||gmev Rmtorv oi vnm Kevmròymregmevha Thema oe Lakghvm Lnhe`m!

Rmloèkzke`vnhv vnm lahrkiklhvkoe oi fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| x}hevkikmf mloeog{'

pkfm mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe vhr`mv| b}kaf| loeikfmelm hef vr}|v hgoe` Thrvkm|!

]r`ke` fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| vo kelrmh|m vnm hgbkvkoe oi vnmkr mloeog{'pkfm

mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe vhr`mv|! pkvn h ykmp vo rmf}lke` vnmkr h``rm`hvm hevnroto`mekl mgk||koe|

oi lhrboe fko~kfm hef ovnmr `rmmeno}|m `h|m| eov loevroaamf b{ vnm Goevrmha Trovoloa vo h

amyma loe|k|vmev pkvn vnm rhe`m| fol}gmevmf ke vnm Io}rvn H||m||gmev Rmtorv oi vnm

Kevmròymregmevha Thema oe Lakghvm Lnhe`m hef |}b|mx}mev h||m||gmev rmtorv| oi vnm

Kevmròymregmevha Thema oe Lakghvm Lnhe`m!

Eovke` vnm x}hevkikmf mloeog{'pkfm mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe vhr`mv| vo bm kgtamgmevmf

b{ Thrvkm| kela}fmf ke Heem~ K vo vnm Loeymevkoe .Heem~ K Thrvkm|+ h| logg}eklhvmf b{

vnmg hef loevhkemf ke fol}gmev ILLL/\B/2488/KEI%8/Rmy%8!

=% Fmlkfm| vo loevke}m ke 2482 vnm trolm|| oi lahrki{ke` vnm fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|

x}hevkikmf mloeog{'pkfm mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe vhr`mv| loevhkemf ke fol}gmev

ILLL/\B/2488/KEI%8/Rmy%8! pkvn vnm objmlvkym oi }efmr|vhefke` vnm h||}gtvkoe| hef

loefkvkoe| rmahvmf vo vnm kefkykf}ha vhr`mv|! ke thrvkl}ahr ke rmahvkoe vo vnm bh|m {mhr! àobha

phrgke` tovmevkha yha}m|! loymrh`m oi `h|m|! loymrh`m oi |mlvor|! m~tmlvmf mgk||koermf}lvkoe|! hef vnm roam oi ahef }|m! ahef'}|m lnhe`m hef iorm|vr{! hef lhrboe lrmfkv| irog

ghrcmv'bh|mf gmlnhek|g|! hef h||olkhvmf h||}gtvkoe| hef loefkvkoe| rmahvmf vo vnm

hgbkvkoe oi vnm tamf`m|3 vnk| trolm|| |nhaa kela}fm vnm ioaaopke`:

.h+ \}bgk||koe oi rmamyhev keiorghvkoe b{ fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|! }|ke` h

loggoe vmgtahvm! vo vnm |mlrmvhrkhv b{ = Ghrln 2482 vo bm logtkamf kevo h gk|lmaahemo}|

fol}gmev3

.b+ Ke'|m||koe porc|not|3

.l+ He }tfhvm oi fol}gmev ILLL/VT/2488/83

9% Rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo logtkam hffkvkoeha keiorghvkoe rmahvke` vo vnm x}hevkikmf

mloeog{'pkfm mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe vhr`mv| |}bgkvvmf b{ fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| ke hgk|lmaahemo}| fol}gmev3

0% Ha|o rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo or`hekzm vnm porc|not| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn =.b+

hboym ke loej}elvkoe pkvn vnm vnkrv{'|k~vn |m||koe| oi vnm |}b|kfkhr{ bofkm| hef vo trmthrm h

prkvvme porc|not rmtorv ke h |vr}lv}rmf gheemr3

>% I}rvnmr rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo trmthrm vnm vmlneklha thtmr rmimrrmf vo ke

thrh`rhtn =.l+ hboym! logtkake` haa vnm keiorghvkoe loevhkemf ke Thrvkm| |}bgk||koe| ke h

|vr}lv}rmf gheemr! hef vo i}rvnmr }tfhvm vnhv thtmr h| emp keiorghvkoe k| troykfmf b{

Thrvkm|3

;% Hlceopamf`m| vnm yha}m oi m~ hevm keiorghvkoe! hef vnm emmf vo mahborhvm rkòro}|!

rob}|v hef vrhe|thrmev httrohlnm| ke h |{|vmghvkl gheemr vo gmh|}rm tro`rm|| vophrf| vnm


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hlnkmymgmev oi mloeog{'pkfm mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe vhr`mv|! b}kafke` oe m~k|vke` trolm||m|!

trhlvklm| hef m~tmrkmelm|3

84% Fmlkfm| vo noaf porc|not| vo m~taorm vnm h||}gtvkoe| hef loefkvkoe| rmahvmf vo

vhr`mv|! kela}fke` vnm mamgmev| ak|vmf ke thrh`rhtn = hboym! hef rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo

trof}lm h vmlneklha thtmr m~taorke` vnm loggoehakvkm| hef fkiimrmelm| oi httrohlnm|388% Rmx}m|v| fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| vo |nhrm m~tmrkmelm| pkvn vnm fmymaotgmev oi

aop'mgk||koe fmymaotgmev |vrhvm`km| f}rke` vnm ke'|m||koe porc|not| rmimrrmf vo ke

thrh`rhtn =.b+ hboym! hef keykvm| fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| vo |}bgkv keiorghvkoe rmahvmf

vo tro`rm|| vophrf| vnm iorg}ahvkoe oi vnmkr aop'mgk||koe fmymaotgmev |vrhvm`km|3

]EILLL bkmeekha rmtorvke` `}kfmakem| ior fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|

Rmlhaake` vnm rmamyhev troyk|koe| oi vnm Loeymevkoe! ke thrvkl}ahr Hrvklam| 6! =! 0! 84

hef 82! hef fmlk|koe| ;/LT%2! 88/LT%6 hef 6/LT%= oe ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe| irog Heem~

K Thrvkm|!

Ha|o rmlhaake` vnhv b{ fmlk|koe 8/LT%89 kv fmlkfmf vo menhelm rmtorvke` ke ehvkoeha

logg}eklhvkoe| oi Heem~ K Thrvkm|! hef oe tro`rm|| ke hlnkmyke` mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe| hefoe vnm troyk|koe oi ikehelkha! vmlneoao`{ hef lhthlkv{'b}kafke` |}ttorv vo Thrvkm| eov

kela}fmf ke Heem~ K vo vnm Loeymevkoe .eoe'Heem~ K Thrvkm|+! b}kafke` oe m~k|vke` rmtorvke`

hef rmykmp `}kfmakem|! trolm||m| hef m~tmrkmelm|!

82% Hfotv| vnm `}kfmakem| loevhkemf ke heem~ K oe vnm trmthrhvkoe oi bkmeekha rmtorv| b{

fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| .vnm ]EILLL bkmeekha rmtorvke` `}kfmakem| ior fmymaotmf

lo}evr{ Thrvkm|+3

8% Rmx}m|v| vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe vo bm`ke! hv kv| iorvkmvn |m||koe! vnm

rmyk|koe oi vnm @}kfmakem| ior vnm trmthrhvkoe oi ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe| b{ Thrvkm|

kela}fmf ke Heem~ K vo vnm Loeymevkoe! Thrv KK: ]EILLL rmtorvke` `}kfmakem| oe ehvkoeha

logg}eklhvkoe|! bh|mf oe vnm m~tmrkmelm| `hkemf ke trmthrke` vnm ikr|v bkmeekha rmtorv|

hef ovnmr keiorghvkoe! pkvn h ykmp vo hfotvke` vnm rmyk|mf `}kfmakem| b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi

vnm Thrvkm| hv kv| vpmevkmvn |m||koe3

8;% Ha|o rmx}m|v| vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior \lkmevkikl hef Vmlneoao`klha Hfyklm vo

fmymaot! vhcke` kevo hllo}ev m~k|vke` kevmrehvkoeha gmvnofoao`km|! hef bh|mf oe vnm


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m~tmrkmelm| `hkemf ke trmthrke` vnm ikr|v bkmeekha rmtorv|! gmvnofoao`km| ior rmtorvke`

ikehelkha keiorghvkoe pkvn h ykmp vo rmloggmefke` h fmlk|koe oe vnk| ghvvmr vo vnm

Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| hv kv| vpmevkmvn |m||koe3

24% Rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo trmthrm h vmlneklha thtmr bh|mf oe vnm |}bgk||koe| oi

ykmp| b{ Thrvkm| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn 80 hboym! pkvn vnm hkg oi ihlkakvhvke`loe|kfmrhvkoe b{ vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe! hv kv| iorv{'ikr|v |m||koe! oi vnm

ghvvmr| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn 8> hboym3

28% Ha|o rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo trmthrm h logtkahvkoe hef |{evnm|k| rmtorv oe vnm

keiorghvkoe rmtorvmf b{ fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| ke vnm bkmeekha rmtorv| rmimrrmf vo ke

thrh`rhtn 8< hboym! ior loe|kfmrhvkoe b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| hv kv| vpmevkmvn

|m||koe hef |}b|mx}mev |m||koe|! hllorfke` vo Hrvklam 0! thrh`rhtn 2.`+! oi vnm Loeymevkoe3

22% Melo}rh`m| Thrvkm| kela}fmf ke Heem~ KK vo vnm Loeymevkoe .Heem~ KK Thrvkm|+ vo

h||k|v Heem~ K Thrvkm| pkvn mloeogkm| ke vrhe|kvkoe hef vno|m Heem~ K Thrvkm| pno|m |tmlkha

lkrl}g|vhelm| hrm rmloèkzmf }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe! h| emlm||hr{! vnro}`n httrotrkhvm

bkahvmrha or g}avkahvmrha lnheema|! pkvn vmlneklha h|tmlv| oi vnm trmthrhvkoe oi vnmkr bkmeekha

rmtorv|3

Gofhakvkm| hef trolmf}rm| ior kevmrehvkoeha h||m||gmev hef rmykmp

Rmlhaake` fmlk|koe| 2/LT%8! ;/LT%2! 9/LT%! 82/LT%;!

8>/LT%84 hef 8/LT%8

Ha|o rmlhaake` fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! m|vhbak|nke` h trolm|| ior vnm kevmrehvkoeha

h||m||gmev hef rmykmp oi mgk||koe| hef rmgoyha| rmahvmf vo fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|

x}hevkikmf mloeog{'pkfm mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe vhr`mv| }efmr vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior

Kgtamgmevhvkoe! vhcke` kevo hllo}ev ehvkoeha lkrl}g|vhelm|! ke h rkòro}|! rob}|v hef

vrhe|thrmev gheemr! pkvn h ykmp vo trogovke` logthrhbkakv{ hef b}kafke` loeikfmelm!

Rm|toefke` vo vnm porc tro`rhggm ah}elnmf b{ fmlk|koe 8/LT%89 vo fmymaot

gofhakvkm| hef trolmf}rm| ior kevmrehvkoeha h||m||gmev hef rmykmp! hef b}kafke` oe m~k|vke`

rmykmp `}kfmakem|! trolm||m| hef m~tmrkmelm|!

Rmloèkzke` vnhv vnm kevmrehvkoeha h||m||gmev hef rmykmp trolm|| |no}af trogovm

vnm logthrhbkakv{ oi miiorv| hgoe` haa fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|! kela}fke` ke rmahvkoe vo

vnmkr x}hevkikmf mloeog{'pkfm mgk||koe akgkvhvkoe hef rmf}lvkoe vhr`mv|!

Ha|o rmloèkzke` vnm emmf vo nhym he miiklkmev! lo|v'miimlvkym hef trhlvklha

kevmrehvkoeha h||m||gmev hef rmykmp trolm|| pnkln fom| eov kgto|m he m~lm||kym b}rfme oe

Thrvkm| hef oe vnm |mlrmvhrkhv!

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20% Ha|o fmlkfm| vnhv vnm rmykmp oi hee}ha ehvkoeha `rmmeno}|m `h| keymevorkm| pkaa

loevke}m oe he hee}ha bh|k|! hef vnhv kevmrehvkoeha h||m||gmev hef rmykmp pkaa bm loef}lvmf

mymr{ vpo {mhr| ior vnm bkmeekha rmtorv|! pnmvnmr kefmtmefmeva{ or ke loej}elvkoe pkvn h

ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe3

2>% I}rvnmr fmlkfm| vo m|vhbak|n h porc tro`rhggm }efmr vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior\lkmevkikl hef Vmlneoao`klha Hfyklm! pkvn h ykmp vo loela}fke` vnm rmyk|koe oi vnm

`}kfmakem| ior vnm rmykmp oi bkmeekha rmtorv| hef ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe|! kela}fke`

ehvkoeha keymevor{ rmykmp| vo bm loela}fmf eo ahvmr vnhe vnm ekemvmmevn |m||koe oi vnm

Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|3

2;% Rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo menhelm loorfkehvkoe bmvpmme fkiimrmev rmykmp trolm||m|

ke |}ln h ph{ h| vo me|}rm miimlvkym hef miiklkmev trolm||m| hef trolmf}rm|3


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;

Rmhiikrgke` vnhv |olkha hef mloeogkl fmymaotgmev hef toymrv{ mrhfklhvkoe hrm vnm

ikr|v hef oymrrkfke` trkorkvkm| oi fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|! hef vnhv h aop'mgk||koe

fmymaotgmev |vrhvm`{ k| lmevrha vo |}|vhkehbam fmymaotgmev! hef vnhv vnm |nhrm oi `aobha

mgk||koe| ork`kehvke` ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm| pkaa `rop vo gmmv vnmkr |olkha hef

fmymaotgmev emmf|!

Ha|o rmhiikrgke` vnhv! ke hllorfhelm pkvn Hrvklam 6! thrh`rhtn

fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| |nhaa troykfm menhelmf ikehelkha! vmlneoao`{ hef lhthlkv{'

b}kafke` |}ttorv ior vnm trmthrhvkoe hef kgtamgmevhvkoe oi ehvkoehaa{ httrotrkhvm

gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe| oi fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|!

Eovke` vnm ehvkoehaa{ httrotrkhvm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe| vo bm kgtamgmevmf b{ eoe'

Heem~ K Thrvkm|! h| logg}eklhvmf b{ vnmg hef loevhkemf ke vnm fol}gmev

ILLL/HP@ALH/2488/KEI%8!


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vo vnm Loeymevkoe b{ gmhe| oi rm|o}rlm|! ke hllorfhelm pkvn Hrvklam 6! thrh`rhtn

Loeymevkoe! oe vnm bh|k| oi h`rmmf i}aa'lo|v i}efke`3

.i+ Vnhv eoe'Heem~ K Thrvkm| |nhaa |}bgkv h bkmeekha }tfhvm rmtorv mymr{ vpo

{mhr|! mkvnmr h| h |}gghr{ oi thrv| oi vnmkr ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe ke vnm {mhr ke pnkln vnm

ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe k| |}bgkvvmf or h| h |vhef'haoem }tfhvm rmtorv3 vnm amh|v fmymaotmflo}evr{ Thrvkm| hef |ghaa k|ahef fmymaotke` \vhvm| gh{ |}bgkv bkmeekha }tfhvm rmtorv| hv

vnmkr fk|lrmvkoe3

.`+ Vnhv vnm ikr|v bkmeekha }tfhvm rmtorv |}bgkvvmf b{ eoe'Heem~ K Thrvkm| |nhaa

loymr! hv h gkekg}g! vnm keymevor{ ior vnm lhamefhr {mhr eo gorm vnhe io}r {mhr| trkor vo

vnm fhvm oi vnm |}bgk||koe! or gorm rmlmev {mhr| ki keiorghvkoe k| hyhkahbam! hef vnhv

|}b|mx}mev bkmeekha }tfhvm rmtorv| |nhaa loymr h lhamefhr {mhr vnhv fom| eov trmlmfm vnm

|}bgk||koe fhvm b{ gorm vnhe io}r {mhr|3

62% Ha|o fmlkfm| vnhv vnm|m `}kfmakem| |no}af bm rmykmpmf hef rmyk|mf h| httrotrkhvm! ke

hllorfhelm pkvn fmlk|koe| oi vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|3

6

I}rvnmr rmlhaake` vnm |hgm fmlk|koe! b{ pnkln vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| h`rmmf

vo fmymaot gofhakvkm| ior vnm ihlkakvhvkoe oi |}ttorv vnro}`n vnm rm`k|vr{! kela}fke` he{

i}elvkoeha rmahvkoe|nkt pkvn vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g!

Rmlo`ekzke`vnm emmf ior |}ttorv ior mehbake` hlvkykvkm| vo h||k|v fmymaotke` lo}evr{

Thrvkm| ke vnm kfmevkiklhvkoe hef trmthrhvkoe oi ehvkoehaa{ httrotrkhvm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe| ior

|}bgk||koe vo vnm rm`k|vr{! hef |}ttorv ior vnmkr kgtamgmevhvkoe!

6=% Fmlkfm| vnhv:

.h+ Vnm rm`k|vr{ |no}af bm fmymaotmf h| h f{ehgkl! pmb'bh|mf tahviorg gheh`mf

b{ h fmfklhvmf vmhg ke vnm |mlrmvhrkhv3.b+ Thrvklkthvkoe ke vnm rm`k|vr{ |nhaa bm yoa}evhr{ hef oea{ keiorghvkoe

|}bgkvvmf m~trm||a{ ior kela}|koe ke vnm rm`k|vr{ |no}af bm rmlorfmf3

.l+ Vnm rm`k|vr{ |no}af bm |vr}lv}rmf ke h iam~kbam gheemr vnhv lamhra{ rmiamlv| vnm

i}aa rhe`m oi vnm fkymr|kv{ oi ehvkoehaa{ httrotrkhvm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe|! hef h rhe`m oi v{tm|

oi |}ttorv3

69% Keykvm| fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| vo |}bgkv! h| httrotrkhvm! vo vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vnm

ioaaopke` keiorghvkoe oe kefkykf}ha ehvkoehaa{ httrotrkhvm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe| |mmcke`

kevmrehvkoeha |}ttorv:


12/86


82

.h+ H fm|lrktvkoe oi vnm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe hef vnm ehvkoeha kgtamgmevke` mevkv{!

kela}fke` loevhlv keiorghvkoe3

.b+ Vnm m~tmlvmf vkgm irhgm ior vnm kgtamgmevhvkoe oi vnm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe3

.l+ Vnm m|vkghvmf i}aa lo|v oi vnm trmthrhvkoe3

.f+ Vnm m|vkghvmf i}aa lo|v hef/or kelrmgmevha lo|v oi vnm kgtamgmevhvkoe oi vnm

gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe3

.m+ Vnm hgo}ev hef v{tm oi |}ttorv .ikehelkha! vmlneoao`{ hef lhthlkv{'b}kafke`+

rmx}krmf vo trmthrm hef/or kgtamgmev vnm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe3

.i+ Vnm m|vkghvmf mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe|3

.`+ Ovnmr kefklhvor| oi kgtamgmevhvkoe3

.n+ Ovnmr rmamyhev keiorghvkoe! kela}fke` vnm lo'bmemikv| ior aolha |}|vhkehbam

fmymaotgmev! ki keiorghvkoe vnmrmoe m~k|v|3

60% Ha|o keykvm| fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| vo |}bgkv vo vnm |mlrmvhrkhv keiorghvkoe oe

ovnmr kefkykf}ha ehvkoehaa{ httrotrkhvm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe|! vo bm rmlorfmf ke h |mthrhvm|mlvkoe oi vnm rm`k|vr{! ior vnmkr rmlo`ekvkoe3

6>% I}rvnmr keykvm| fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|! vnm mevkv{ or mevkvkm| mevr}|vmf pkvn vnm

otmrhvkoe oi vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g! kela}fke` vnm @aobha Meykroegmev Ihlkakv{ hef vnm

@rmme Lakghvm I}ef! g}avkahvmrha! bkahvmrha hef ovnmr t}bakl foeor|! hef trkyhvm hef eoe'

`oymregmevha or`hekzhvkoe| vnhv hrm ke to|kvkoe vo fo |o! vo |}bgkv vo vnm |mlrmvhrkhv! h|

httrotrkhvm! vnm ioaaopke` keiorghvkoe oe ikehelkha! vmlneoao`{ hef lhthlkv{'b}kafke`

|}ttorv hyhkahbam hef/or troykfmf ior vnm trmthrhvkoe hef/or kgtamgmevhvkoe oi ehvkoehaa{

httrotrkhvm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe|:

.h+ Pnmvnmr vnm |}ttorv hyhkahbam k| ior vnm trmthrhvkoe hef/or kgtamgmevhvkoe oi

ehvkoehaa{ httrotrkhvm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe|3

.b+ Vnm |o}rlm oi vnm |}ttorv! kela}fke`! pnmrm httaklhbam! vnm ehgm oi vnmfmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| ke x}m|vkoe hef vnm m~ml}vke` mevkv{ lnheemaake` vnm |}ttorv!

kela}fke` loevhlv keiorghvkoe3

.l+ Vnm hgo}ev hef v{tm oi |}ttorv hyhkahbam! hef pnmvnmr kv k| ikehelkha .m%`%

`rhev or ihlkakvhvmf aohe+! vmlneoao`{ hef/or lhthlkv{'b}kafke` |}ttorv3

.f+ Vnm |vhv}| oi fmakymr{3

.m+ Vnm v{tm| oi hlvkoe vnhv gh{ bm |}ttorvmf hef vnm trolm|| ior vnm troyk|koe

oi |}ttorv3

6;% Keykvm| Thrvkm| hef mevkvkm| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn| 69 hef 6> hboym vo troykfm vnm

|mlrmvhrkhv! |}b|mx}mev vo vnm ghvlnke` oi hlvkoe pkvn |}ttorv! keiorghvkoe oe bovn

kevmrehvkoehaa{ |}ttorvmf gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe| hef h||olkhvmf |}ttorv3=4% Rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv! t}r|}hev vo fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn| =


13/86


8hef Hrvklam 82! thrh`rhtn| 8! = hef 0! oi vnm Loeymevkoe!

Ha|o rmlhaake` fmlk|koe| oe logg}eklhvkoe| irog eoe'Heem~ K Thrvkm| hef! ke

thrvkl}ahr! fmlk|koe| 84/LT%2! 82/LT%6! >/LT%=! /LT%88!

Eovke` fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! b{ pnkln h trolm|| oi kevmrehvkoeha loe|}avhvkoe hef

heha{|k| oi bkmeekha }tfhvm rmtorv| pkaa bm loef}lvmf }efmr vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior

Kgtamgmevhvkoe! hkgke` vo kelrmh|m vnm vrhe|thrmel{ oi gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe| hef vnmkr miimlv|!

Ha|o eovke`fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 94.l+! b{ pnkln fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|!

loe|k|vmev pkvn vnmkr lhthbkakvkm| hef vnm amyma oi |}ttorv troykfmf ior rmtorvke`! |no}af ha|o

|}bgkv bkmeekha }tfhvm rmtorv| loevhkeke` }tfhvm| oi ehvkoeha `rmmeno}|m `h| keymevorkm|!

kela}fke` h ehvkoeha keymevor{ rmtorv hef keiorghvkoe oe gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe|! emmf| hef

|}ttorv rmlmkymf!

Rmloèkzke` vnhv vnm `}kfmakem| ior kevmrehvkoeha gmh|}rmgmev! rmtorvke` hef

ymrkiklhvkoe rmimrrmf vo ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 98! lorrm|toef vo vnm `}kfmakem|

fmvmrgkemf ior vnm kevmrehvkoeha loe|}avhvkoe hef heha{|k| oi ehvkoehaa{ httrotrkhvm

gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe| oi fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|!

Ha|o rmloèkzke` vnm emmf vo nhym he miiklkmev! lo|v'miimlvkym hef trhlvklha

kevmrehvkoeha loe|}avhvkoe hef heha{|k| trolm||! pnkln fom| eov kgto|m he m~lm||kym b}rfme

oe Thrvkm|! hef oe vnm |mlrmvhrkhv!

Eovke` vnhv kevmrehvkoeha loe|}avhvkoe hef heha{|k| k| eoe'kevr}|kym! eoe't}ekvkym!

hef rm|tmlvi}a oi ehvkoeha |oymrmkèv{!

=9% Hfotv| vnm gofhakvkm| hef `}kfmakem| ior kevmrehvkoeha loe|}avhvkoe hef heha{|k| h|

loevhkemf ke heem~ KY3

=0% Rmloèkzm| vnhv vnm m~vmev vo pnkln fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| pkaa miimlvkyma{

kgtamgmev vnmkr loggkvgmev| }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe pkaa fmtmef oe vnm miimlvkym

kgtamgmevhvkoe b{ fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| oi vnmkr loggkvgmev| }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe

rmahvmf vo ikehelkha rm|o}rlm| hef vrhe|imr oi vmlneoao`{3

=>% Fmlkfm|:


14/86


86

.h+ Vnhv vnm ikr|v ro}ef| oi kevmrehvkoeha loe|}avhvkoe hef heha{|k| pkaa bm

loef}lvmf ior fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|! loggmelke` pkvnke |k~ goevn| oi vnm

|}bgk||koe oi vnm ikr|v ro}ef oi bkmeekha }tfhvm rmtorv| b{ fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|3

.b+ Vnhv vnm irmx}mel{ oi thrvklkthvkoe ke |}b|mx}mev ro}ef| oi kevmrehvkoeha

loe|}avhvkoe hef heha{|k| b{ fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|! bh|mf oe vnmkr rm|tmlvkymlhthbkakvkm| hef ehvkoeha lkrl}g|vhelm|! hef |tmlkha iam~kbkakv{ ior |ghaa k|ahef fmymaotke`

\vhvm| hef vnm amh|v fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|! pkaa bm fmvmrgkemf b{ vnm irmx}mel{ oi vnm

|}bgk||koe oi bkmeekha }tfhvm rmtorv|3

.l+ Vo rmyk|m vnm gofhakvkm| hef `}kfmakem| trm|lrkbmf nmrmke bh|mf oe

m~tmrkmelm| `hkemf ke vnm ikr|v ro}ef oi kevmrehvkoeha loe|}avhvkoe hef heha{|k|! eo ahvmr vnhe

24803

.f+ Vnhv |ghaa k|ahef fmymaotke` \vhvm| hef vnm amh|v fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|

gh{ }efmr`o kevmrehvkoeha loe|}avhvkoe hef heha{|k| h| h `ro}t oi Thrvkm| hv vnmkr fk|lrmvkoe3

=;% ]r`m| fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| hef ovnmr fmymaotmf Thrvkm| kela}fmf ke Heem~ KK vo

vnm Loeymevkoe vo troykfm emp hef hffkvkoeha ikehelkha rm|o}rlm| hv vnm h`rmmf i}aa lo|v ke

hllorfhelm pkvn Hrvklam 6! thrh`rhtn

94% Hkg| vo ihlkakvhvm vnm }ekymr|ha thrvklkthvkoe oi fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| ke vnm

kevmrehvkoeha loe|}avhvkoe hef heha{|k| trolm||3

98% Keykvm| Thrvkm| vo |}bgkv vo vnm |mlrmvhrkhv! b{ = Ghrln 2482! vnmkr ykmp| oe vnm

logto|kvkoe! gofhakvkm| hef trolmf}rm| oi vnm vmhg oi vmlneklha m~tmrv| rmimrrmf vo ke

heem~ KY! thrh`rhtn 83

92% Rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo logtkam vnm|m |}bgk||koe| kevo h gk|lmaahemo}| fol}gmev

ior loe|kfmrhvkoe b{ vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe hv kv| vnkrv{'|k~vn |m||koe! pkvn

h ykmp vo hfotvke` h fmlk|koe oe vnm ghvvmr rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn 98 hboym hv vnm

mk`nvmmevn |m||koe oi vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|3

L% Toakl{ httrohlnm| hef to|kvkym kelmevkym| oe k||}m| rmahvke` vo rmf}lke`mgk||koe| irog fmiorm|vhvkoe hef iorm|v fm`rhfhvkoe ke fmymaotke`

lo}evrkm|3 hef vnm roam oi loe|mryhvkoe! |}|vhkehbam gheh`mgmev oiiorm|v| hef menhelmgmev oi iorm|v lhrboe |volc| ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|

Rmlhaake` vnm trkelktam| hef troyk|koe| |mv iorvn ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89 hef kv|

httmefklm| K hef KK oe toakl{ httrohlnm| hef to|kvkym kelmevkym| oe k||}m| rmahvke` vo

rmf}lke` mgk||koe| irog fmiorm|vhvkoe hef iorm|v fm`rhfhvkoe ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm| hef

vnm roam oi loe|mryhvkoe! |}|vhkehbam gheh`mgmev oi iorm|v| hef menhelmgmev oi iorm|v

lhrboe |volc| ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|!

Ha|o rmlhaake`fmlk|koe| 8/LT%8

I}rvnmr rmlhaake`fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn| 9>06 hef 090>!

Rmhiikrgke`vnhv! ke vnm loevm~v oi vnm troyk|koe oi hfmx}hvm hef trmfklvhbam |}ttorv

vo fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|! Thrvkm| |no}af loaamlvkyma{ hkg vo |aop! nhav hef rmymr|m

iorm|v loymr hef lhrboe ao||! ke hllorfhelm pkvn ehvkoeha lkrl}g|vhelm|! loe|k|vmev pkvn vnm

}avkghvm objmlvkym oi vnm Loeymevkoe! h| |vhvmf ke kv| Hrvklam 2!

Ha|o rmhiikrgke`fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! httmefk~ K! thrh`rhtn 8!

Hiikrgke` vnhv miiorv| hrm harmhf{ bmke` ghfm hef hlvkoe| bmke` vhcme vo rmf}lm

mgk||koe| irog fmiorm|vhvkoe hef iorm|v fm`rhfhvkoe! hef vo ghkevhke hef menhelm iorm|v

lhrboe |volc| ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|!


15/86


8=

Rmloèkzke` vnm kgtorvhelm oi miimlvkym hef loevke}ke` |}ttorv ior vnm hlvkykvkm|

rmimrrmf vo ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn| 0< hef 09!

Ha|o rmloèkzke` vnhv toakl{ httrohlnm| hef to|kvkym kelmevkym| ior gkvk`hvkoe

hlvkoe| ke vnm iorm|v |mlvor! h| rmimrrmf vo ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 04! lhe trogovm

toymrv{ haamykhvkoe hef bkofkymr|kv{ bmemikv|! mlo|{|vmg rm|kakmelm hef vnm akech`m| bmvpmmehfhtvhvkoe hef gkvk`hvkoe! hef |no}af trogovm hef |}ttorv vnm |him`}hrf| rmimrrmf vo ke

fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! httmefk~ 8! thrh`rhtn 2.lm+!

Bmke` hphrm oivnm rmamyhelm oi vnm porc bmke` }efmrvhcme b{ rmamyhev kevmrehvkoeha

loeymevkoe| hef h`rmmgmev|!

9

havmrehvkym vnhv |}ttorv| hef |vrme`vnme| òymrehelm! vnm httaklhvkoe oi |him`}hrf| h|

rmimrrmf vo ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! httmefk~ K! thrh`rhtn 2.lm+! hef vnm g}avktam i}elvkoe| oi

iorm|v|! lo}af bm fmymaotmf3

9>% Melo}rh`m| vnm otmrhvke` mevkvkm| oi vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g oi vnm Loeymevkoe vo

troykfm rm|}av|'bh|mf ikehelm ior vnm hlvkoe| rmimrrmf vo ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 0


16/86


89

or`hekzhvkoe| oe vnm k||}m| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn| 9; hef 04 hboym! h| he ket}v ior vnm

porc|not rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn 02 bmaop3

02% I}rvnmr rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo or`hekzm! |}bjmlv vo vnm hyhkahbkakv{ oi

|}ttamgmevhr{ rm|o}rlm|! h porc|not vhcke` kevo hllo}ev vnm |}bgk||koe| b{ Thrvkm| hef

hfgkvvmf ob|mrymr or`hekzhvkoe| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn 9; hboym! vnm vmlneklha thtmrrmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn 08 hboym! hef vnm loela}|koe| oe vnk| ghvvmr b{ vnm Hf Nol

Porcke` @ro}t oe Aoe`'vmrg Lootmrhvkym Hlvkoe }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe hv kv| |m||koe vo bm

nmaf ke loej}elvkoe pkvn vnm vnkrv{'|k~vn |m||koe oi vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior \lkmevkikl hef

Vmlneoao`klha Hfyklm! bmiorm vnm |m||koe oi vnm Hf Nol Porcke` @ro}t oe Aoe`'vmrg

Lootmrhvkym Hlvkoe }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe vo bm nmaf ke loej}elvkoe pkvn vnm mk`nvmmevn

|m||koe oi vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|3

0


17/86


80

Ha|o rmlhaake` Hrvklam 8! thrh`rhtn 8! Hrvklam

thrh`rhtn| 8! 2.h+! hef 84! oi vnm Loeymevkoe!

Hiikrgke`vnm emmf vo ghkevhke loe|k|vmel{ pkvn vnm trkelktam| hef loggkvgmev| oi

vnm Loeymevkoe! thrvkl}ahra{ vnhv Thrvkm| |no}af trovmlv vnm lakghvm |{|vmg ke hllorfhelm

pkvn vnmkr loggoe b}v fkiimrmevkhvmf rm|toe|kbkakvkm| hef rm|tmlvkym lhthbkakvkm|!]efmrvhcke` vo ghkevhke hef b}kaf }toe vnm m~k|vke` iam~kbkakv{ gmlnhek|g|

m|vhbak|nmf }efmr vnm C{ovo Trovoloa!

Rmlo`ekzke` vnm roam oi t}bakl |o}rlm| oi ikehelm ke vnm kgtamgmevhvkoe oi

gkvk`hvkoe hlvkykvkm|!

Hlceopamf`ke` vnm roam oi yhrko}| httrohlnm|! kela}fke` ottorv}ekvkm| ior }|ke`

ghrcmv|! vo menhelm vnm lo|v'miimlvkymem|| oi! hef vo trogovm! gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe|! bmhrke` ke

gkef fkiimrmev lkrl}g|vhelm| oi fmymaotmf hef fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|!

Eovke` vnhv Thrvkm| gh{! kefkykf}haa{ or jokeva{! fmymaot hef kgtamgmev |}ln

httrohlnm| ke hllorfhelm pkvn vnmkr ehvkoeha lkrl}g|vhelm|!

0;% Mgtnh|kzm| vnhv yhrko}| httrohlnm|! kela}fke` ottorv}ekvkm| ior }|ke` ghrcmv|! vomenhelm vnm lo|v'miimlvkymem|| oi! hef vo trogovm! gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe|! bmhrke` ke gkef

fkiimrmev lkrl}g|vhelm| oi fmymaotmf hef fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|! g}|v gmmv |vhefhrf| vnhv

fmakymr rmha! tmrghemev! hffkvkoeha hef ymrkikmf gkvk`hvkoe o}vlogm|! hyokf fo}bam lo}evke`

oi miiorv! hef hlnkmym h emv fmlrmh|m hef/or hyokfhelm oi `rmmeno}|m `h| mgk||koe|3

>4% Rmx}m|v| vnm Hf Nol Porcke` @ro}t oe Aoe`'vmrg Lootmrhvkym Hlvkoe }efmr vnm

Loeymevkoe vo loef}lv h porc tro`rhggm vo loe|kfmr h irhgmporc ior |}ln httrohlnm|!

pkvn h ykmp vo rmloggmefke` h fmlk|koe vo vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| hv kv| mk`nvmmevn

|m||koe3

>8% Keykvm| Thrvkm| hef hfgkvvmf ob|mrymr or`hekzhvkoe| vo |}bgkv vo vnm |mlrmvhrkhv! b{ =

Ghrln 2482! vnmkr ykmp| oe vnm ghvvmr| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn| 0; hef >4 hboym!

kela}fke` vnmkr m~tmrkmelm|! to|kvkym hef em`hvkym! pkvn m~k|vke` httrohlnm| hef

gmlnhek|g| h| pmaa h| am||oe| amhremf3


Loeymevkoe vo loef}lv oem or gorm porc|not| pkvn Thrvkm|! m~tmrv| hef ovnmr |vhcmnoafmr|!

kela}fke` he ke'|m||koe porc|not hv kv| |m||koe vo bm nmaf ke loej}elvkoe pkvn vnm vnkrv{'

|k~vn |m||koe| oi vnm |}b|kfkhr{ bofkm|! vo loe|kfmr vnm |}bgk||koe| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn

>8 hboym hef vo fk|l}|| vnm ghvvmr| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn| 0; hef >4 hboym3

>4! hef pnkln! |}bjmlv vo

loefkvkoe| vo bm mahborhvmf! gh{ h||k|v fmymaotmf lo}evrkm| vo gmmv thrv oi vnmkr gkvk`hvkoe

vhr`mv| or loggkvgmev| }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe3


Loeymevkoe vo loef}lv h porc tro`rhggm vo mahborhvm gofhakvkm| hef trolmf}rm| ior vnm

gmlnhek|g rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn >< hboym! pkvn h ykmp vo rmloggmefke` h fmlk|koe vo

vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| hv kv| mk`nvmmevn |m||koe3

>=% Keykvm| Thrvkm| hef hfgkvvmf ob|mrymr or`hekzhvkoe| vo |}bgkv vo vnm |mlrmvhrkhv! b{ =

Ghrln 2482! vnmkr ykmp| oe vnm ghvvmr| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn| >< hef >6 hboym!

kela}fke` vnmkr m~tmrkmelm|! to|kvkym hef em`hvkym! pkvn m~k|vke` httrohlnm| hef

gmlnhek|g| h| pmaa h| am||oe| amhremf3


18/86


8>


Loeymevkoe vo loef}lv oem or gorm porc|not| pkvn Thrvkm|! m~tmrv| hef ovnmr |vhcmnoafmr|!

kela}fke` he ke'|m||koe porc|not hv kv| |m||koe vo bm nmaf ke loej}elvkoe pkvn vnm vnkrv{'

|k~vn |m||koe| oi vnm |}b|kfkhr{ bofkm|! vo loe|kfmr vnm |}bgk||koe| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn

>= hboym hef vo fk|l}|| vnm ghvvmr| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn| >< hef >6 hboym3

I% Mloeogkl hef |olkha loe|mx}melm| oi rm|toe|m gmh|}rm|

Rmlhaake`vnm }avkghvm objmlvkym oi vnm Loeymevkoe!

Ha|o rmlhaake`hef rmhiikrgke`fmlk|koe| 8/LT%8< hef 8/LT%89!

Ha|o rmhiikrgke`vnm kgtorvhelm oi vnm objmlvkym oi vnm Loeymevkoe! hef vnm rmamyhevtrkelktam| hef troyk|koe| oi vnm Loeymevkoe rmahvmf vo vnm mloeogkl hef |olkha

loe|mx}melm| oi rm|toe|m gmh|}rm|! ke thrvkl}ahr kv| Hrvklam| 2! < hef 6!

Hiikrgke` vnhv vnmrm k| h emmf vo `kym i}aa loe|kfmrhvkoe vo pnhv hlvkoe| hrmemlm||hr{! kela}fke` hlvkoe| rmahvmf vo i}efke`! ke|}rhelm hef vnm vrhe|imr oi vmlneoao`{! vo

gmmv vnm |tmlkikl emmf| hef loelmre| oi fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| hrk|ke` irog vnm kgthlvoi vnm kgtamgmevhvkoe oi rm|toe|m gmh|}rm|!

Hlceopamf`ke` vnhv rm|toe|m gmh|}rm| vo logbhv lakghvm lnhe`m gh{ nhym

em`hvkym meykroegmevha! |olkha hef mloeogkl loe|mx}melm|! hef vnhv haa fmymaotke`

lo}evrkm| ihlm mloeogkl hef |olkha loe|mx}melm| oi rm|toe|m gmh|}rm| vo lakghvm lnhe`m!

Rmhiikrgke` vnm trkelktam oi |oymrmk`ev{ oi \vhvm| ke kevmrehvkoeha lootmrhvkoe vo

hffrm|| lakghvm lnhe`m!

Eovke`vnhv toaklkm| hef gmh|}rm| vo hffrm|| lakghvm lnhe`m |no}af bm |}ttorvkym oi

vnm mloeogkl hef |olkha fmymaotgmev oi fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|!

Rmhiikrgke` vnhv fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| |no}af vhcm vnm amhf ke logbhvke`

lakghvm lnhe`m hef vnm hfymr|m miimlv| vnmrmoi!Ha|o rmhiikrgke` vnhv fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| hrm }r`mf vo |vrkym vo kgtamgmev

toaklkm| hef gmh|}rm| vo rm|toef vo lakghvm lnhe`m ke |}ln h ph{ h| vo hyokf em`hvkym

|olkha hef mloeogkl loe|mx}melm| ior fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|! vhcke` kevo hllo}ev

Hrvklam < oi vnm Loeymevkoe! hef vo h||k|v vnm|m Thrvkm| vo hffrm|| |}ln loe|mx}melm| b{

troykfke` |}ttorv! kela}fke` ikehelkha rm|o}rlm|! vrhe|imr oi vmlneoao`{ hef lhthlkv{'

b}kafke`! ke hllorfhelm pkvn Hrvklam 6 oi vnm Loeymevkoe! vo b}kaf }t vnm rm|kakmelm oi

|olkmvkm| hef mloeogkm| em`hvkyma{ hiimlvmf b{ rm|toe|m gmh|}rm|!

>0% Rmlo`ekzm| vnhv |olkha hef mloeogkl fmymaotgmev hef toymrv{ mrhfklhvkoe hrm vnm

ikr|v hef oymrrkfke` trkorkvkm| oi fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|3

>>% ]r`m| Thrvkm| ke kgtamgmevke` vnmkr toaklkm| hef gmh|}rm| vo trogovm h j}|v

vrhe|kvkoe oi vnm porciorlm hef vnm lrmhvkoe oi fmlmev porc hef x}hakv{ job| ke hllorfhelmpkvn ehvkoehaa{ fmikemf fmymaotgmev trkorkvkm| hef |vrhvm`km|3

>;% Ha|o }r`m| fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| vo h||k|v fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| vo trogovm

mloeogkl fkymr|kiklhvkoe ke vnm loevm~v oi |}|vhkehbam fmymaotgmev! m|tmlkhaa{ ior vno|m

ak|vmf ke Hrvklam 6! thrh`rhtn| > hef ;! oi vnm Loeymevkoe3

;4% I}rvnmr }r`m| Thrvkm| vo `kym i}aa loe|kfmrhvkoe vo vnm to|kvkym hef em`hvkym kgthlv|

oi vnm kgtamgmevhvkoe oi rm|toe|m gmh|}rm| vo gkvk`hvm lakghvm lnhe`m oe |olkmv{ hef oe

haa y}aemrhbam `ro}t|! ke thrvkl}ahr pogme hef lnkafrme3


19/86


8;

;8% Rmlo`ekzm| fmlk|koe >/LT%80 vnhv m|vhbak|nm| vnm Ior}g vo Kgtamgmev vnm Porc

Tro`rhggm oe vnm Kgthlv oi vnm Kgtamgmevhvkoe oi Rm|toe|m Gmh|}rm|! hef loe|oakfhvm|

haa tro`rm||kym fk|l}||koe| rmahvmf vo rm|toe|m gmh|}rm| }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe%

KKK% Menhelmf hlvkoe oe hfhtvhvkoe

Rmlhaake`vnm rmamyhev troyk|koe| oi vnm Loeymevkoe!

Ha|o rmlhaake` fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! pnkln m|vhbak|nmf vnm Lhel}e Hfhtvhvkoe

Irhgmporc hef vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm!

;2% Hiikrg| vnhv vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm |nhaa bm vnm oymrhaa hfyk|or{ bof{ vo vnm

Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| oe hfhtvhvkoe vo vnm hfymr|m miimlv| oi lakghvm lnhe`m3

;


20/86


24

;=% Ha|o fmlkfm| vnhv vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm |nhaa otmrhvm }efmr vnm h}vnorkv{ oi! hef

bm hllo}evhbam vo! vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|! pnkln |no}af fmlkfm oe kv| toaklkm| ke akem

pkvn rmamyhev fmlk|koe|3

;9% Rmx}m|v| vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm vo rmtorv hee}haa{ vo vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm

Thrvkm|! vnro}`n vnm |}b|kfkhr{ bofkm|! kela}fke` oe kv| hlvkykvkm|! vnm tmriorghelm oi kv|i}elvkoe|! `}kfhelm! rmloggmefhvkoe| hef ovnmr rmamyhev keiorghvkoe hrk|ke` irog kv| porc!

hef! h| httrotrkhvm! oe i}rvnmr hlvkoe vnhv gh{ bm rmx}krmf }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe! ior

loe|kfmrhvkoe b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|3

;0% Ha|o rmx}m|v| vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm f}rke` kv| ikr|v {mhr vo fmymaot h vnrmm'{mhr

tahe ior kv| porc! pnkln |no}af kela}fm gkam|voem|! hlvkykvkm|! fmakymrhbam| hef rm|o}rlm

rmx}krmgmev|! ke hllorfhelm pkvn kv| h`rmmf i}elvkoe|! mgtao{ke` vnm gofhakvkm| ak|vmf ke

thrh`rhtn ;6 hboym! loe|kfmrke` vnm kefklhvkym ak|v oi hlvkykvkm| kela}fmf ke heem~ Y! ior

httroyha b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| hv kv| mk`nvmmevn |m||koe3

;>% I}rvnmr rmx}m|v| vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm! ke hffkvkoe vo fmymaotke` kv| porctahe!

vo kekvkhvm |ogm oi vnm hlvkykvkm| loevhkemf ke heem~ Y f}rke` kv| ikr|v {mhr3

;;% Rmx}m|v| vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm vo me`h`m hef fmymaot akech`m| vnro}`n vnmLoeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| pkvn haa hfhtvhvkoe'rmahvmf porc tro`rhggm|! bofkm| hef

ke|vkv}vkoe| }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe! kela}fke` vnm Amh|v Fmymaotmf Lo}evrkm| M~tmrv @ro}t!

vnm Loe|}avhvkym @ro}t oi M~tmrv| oe Ehvkoeha Logg}eklhvkoe| irog Thrvkm| eov kela}fmf

ke Heem~ K vo vnm Loeymevkoe! vnm Vmlneoao`{ M~ml}vkym Loggkvvmm! vnm Ehkrobk porc

tro`rhggm oe kgthlv|! y}aemrhbkakv{ hef hfhtvhvkoe vo lakghvm lnhe`m! vnm porc

tro`rhggm oe ao|| hef fhgh`m hef vnm otmrhvke` mevkvkm| oi vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g oi vnm

Loeymevkoe! h| httrotrkhvm3

844% Ha|o rmx}m|v| vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm vo me`h`m pkvn! hef frhp oe vnm m~tmrvk|m

oi! rmamyhev ke|vkv}vkoe|! or`hekzhvkoe|! irhgmporc|! emvporc| hef lmevrm| o}v|kfm oi vnm

Loeymevkoe! kela}fke` vno|m hv vnm kevmr`oymregmevha! rm`koeha! ehvkoeha hef! vnro}`n vnmg!

|}behvkoeha amyma|! pnmrm httrotrkhvm3

848% Fmlkfm| vnhv vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm |nhaa logtrk|m 89 gmgbmr|! pno |nhaa |mrym

ke vnmkr tmr|oeha lhthlkv{! hef pkaa bm eogkehvmf b{ Thrvkm| ke vnmkr rm|tmlvkym `ro}t| or

loe|vkv}melkm| hef mamlvmf b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|! pkvn vnm hkg oi hlnkmyke` h ihkr!

mx}kvhbam hef bhahelmf rmtrm|mevhvkoe h| ioaaop|:

.h+ Vpo gmgbmr| irog mhln oi vnm ikym ]ekvmf Ehvkoe| rm`koeha `ro}t|3

.b+ Oem gmgbmr irog h |ghaa k|ahef fmymaotke` \vhvm3

.l+ Oem gmgbmr irog h amh|v fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrv{3

.f+ Vpo gmgbmr| irog Heem~ K Thrvkm|3

.m+ Vpo gmgbmr| irog eoe'Heem~ K Thrvkm|3

842% ]r`m| rm`koeha `ro}t| ke ghcke` vnmkr eogkehvkoe| vo loe|kfmr vnm |tmlkha emmf| hefloelmre| oi thrvkl}ahra{ y}aemrhbam fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|3

84


21/86


28

84=% Ha|o h`rmm| vnhv vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm |no}af |mmc ket}v irog

kevmròymregmevha! kevmrehvkoeha! rm`koeha! ehvkoeha hef |}behvkoeha or`hekzhvkoe|! lmevrm|

hef emvporc|! vnm trkyhvm |mlvor hef lkyka |olkmv{! ke }efmrvhcke` kv| porc! hef vo keykvm

hfyk|mr| frhpe irog vnmg vo thrvklkthvm ke kv| gmmvke`| h| m~tmrv hfyk|mr| oe |tmlkikl k||}m|

h| vnm{ hrk|m3

849% Fmlkfm| vnhv gmgbmr| |nhaa |mrym ior h vmrg oi vpo {mhr| hef |nhaa bm mak`kbam vo

|mrym h gh~kg}g oi vpo loe|ml}vkym vmrg| oi oiiklm! hef vnhv vnm ioaaopke` r}am| |nhaa

htta{:

.h+ Nhai oi vnm gmgbmr| |nhaa bm mamlvmf kekvkhaa{ ior h vmrg oi vnrmm {mhr| hef

nhai oi vnm gmgbmr| |nhaa bm mamlvmf ior h vmrg oi vpo {mhr|3

.b+ Vnmrmhivmr! vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| |nhaa mamlv gmgbmr| ior h vmrg oi

vpo {mhr|3

.l+ Vnm gmgbmr| |nhaa rmghke ke oiiklm }evka vnmkr |}llm||or| nhym bmme mamlvmf3

840% Ha|o fmlkfm| vnhv ki h gmgbmr oi vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm rm|kè| or k| ovnmrpk|m

}ehbam vo logtamvm vnm h||kèmf vmrg oi oiiklm or vo tmriorg vnm i}elvkoe| oi vnhv oiiklm! vnm

Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm gh{ fmlkfm! bmhrke` ke gkef vnm tro~kgkv{ oi vnm em~v |m||koe oi vnm

Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|! vo httokev heovnmr gmgbmr irog vnm |hgm `ro}t or loe|vkv}mel{

vo rmtahlm |hkf gmgbmr ior vnm rmghkefmr oi vnhv gmgbmr| ghefhvm! ke pnkln lh|m vnm

httokevgmev |nhaa lo}ev h| oem vmrg3

84>% I}rvnmr fmlkfm| vnhv vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm |nhaa mamlv hee}haa{ h lnhkr hef h

yklm'lnhkr irog hgoe` kv| gmgbmr| vo |mrym ior h vmrg oi oem {mhr mhln! pkvn oem bmke` h

gmgbmr irog he Heem~ K Thrv{ hef vnm ovnmr bmke` h gmgbmr irog h eoe'Heem~ K Thrv{!

hef vnhv vnm to|kvkoe| oi lnhkr hef yklm'lnhkr |nhaa havmrehvm hee}haa{ bmvpmme h gmgbmr

irog he Heem~ K Thrv{ hef h gmgbmr irog h eoe'Heem~ K Thrv{3

84;% Fmlkfm| vnhv ki vnm lnhkr k| vmgtorhrka{ }ehbam vo i}aika vnm obak`hvkoe| oi vnm oiiklm!

vnm yklm'lnhkr |nhaa |mrym h| vnm lnhkr% Ke vnm hb|melm oi vnm lnhkr hef vnm yklm'lnhkr hv h

thrvkl}ahr gmmvke`! he{ ovnmr gmgbmr fm|kèhvmf b{ vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm |nhaavmgtorhrka{ |mrym h| vnm lnhkr oi vnhv gmmvke`3

884% Ha|o fmlkfm| vnhv ki vnm lnhkr or vnm yklm'lnhkr k| }ehbam vo logtamvm vnm vmrg oi

oiiklm! vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm |nhaa mamlv h rmtahlmgmev vo logtamvm vnhv vmrg oi oiiklm3

888% I}rvnmr fmlkfm| vnhv fmlk|koe| oi vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm |nhaa bm vhcme b{

loe|me|}|3

882% Fmlkfm| vnhv vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm |nhaa gmmv hv amh|v vpklm h {mhr! pnmrm

to||kbam ke loej}elvkoe pkvn ovnmr hfhtvhvkoe'rmahvmf ]EILLL gmmvke`|! pnkam rmvhkeke`

kv| iam~kbkakv{ vo hfj}|v vnm e}gbmr oi gmmvke`| vo |}kv kv| emmf|3

88


22/86


22

880% Fmlkfm| vnhv o}vt}v| oi vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm |nhaa bm ghfm t}bakla{ hyhkahbam

oe vnm ]EILLL pmb|kvm3

88>% Ha|o fmlkfm| vnhv vnm |mlrmvhrkhv |nhaa |}ttorv hef ihlkakvhvm vnm porc oi vnm

Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm! |}bjmlv vo vnm hyhkahbkakv{ oi rm|o}rlm|3

88;% I}rvnmr fmlkfm| vo rmykmp vnm tro`rm|| hef tmriorghelm oi vnm HfhtvhvkoeLoggkvvmm hv kv| vpmev{'|mloef |m||koe! pkvn h ykmp vo hfotvke` he httrotrkhvm fmlk|koe oe

vnm o}vlogm oi vnk| rmykmp3

KY% Ikehelm

\vhefke` Loggkvvmm

Rmlhaake`Hrvklam| 6 hef 88 oi vnm Loeymevkoe!

Nhyke` m|vhbak|nmf vnm \vhefke` Loggkvvmm }efmr vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| h|

troykfmf ior ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 882!824% Fmlkfm| vnhv vnm \vhefke` Loggkvvmm |nhaa rmtorv hef ghcm rmloggmefhvkoe| vo vnm

Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|! ior kv| loe|kfmrhvkoe! hv mhln orfkehr{ |m||koe oi vnm Loeimrmelm

oi vnm Thrvkm| oe haa h|tmlv| oi kv| porc3

828% Ha|o fmlkfm| vnhv vnm \vhefke` Loggkvvmm |nhaa h||k|v vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|

ke m~mrlk|ke` kv| i}elvkoe| pkvn rm|tmlv vo vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g oi vnm Loeymevkoe ke

vmrg| oi kgtroyke` lonmrmelm hef loorfkehvkoe ke vnm fmakymr{ oi lakghvm lnhe`m ikehelke`!

rhvkoehakzhvkoe oi vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g! gobkakzhvkoe oi ikehelkha rm|o}rlm|! hef

gmh|}rmgmev! rmtorvke` hef ymrkiklhvkoe oi vnm |}ttorv troykfmf vo fmymaotke` lo}evr{

Thrvkm| vnro}`n hlvkykvkm|! |}ln h| vnm ioaaopke`:

.h+ Or`hekzke` h ior}g ior vnm logg}eklhvkoe hef loevke}mf m~lnhe`m oi

keiorghvkoe hgoe` bofkm| hef mevkvkm| fmhake` pkvn lakghvm lnhe`m ikehelm ke orfmr votrogovm akech`m| hef lonmrmelm3

.b+ Ghkevhkeke` akech`m| pkvn vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe hef vnm

vnmghvkl bofkm| oi vnm Loeymevkoe3

.l+ Troykfke` vo vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| frhiv `}kfhelm ior vnm otmrhvke`

mevkvkm| oi vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g oi vnm Loeymevkoe! pkvn h ykmp vo kgtroyke` vnm

loe|k|vmel{ hef trhlvklhakv{ oi |}ln `}kfhelm! vhcke` kevo hllo}ev vnm hee}ha rmtorv| oi vnm

otmrhvke` mevkvkm| h| pmaa h| |}bgk||koe| irog Thrvkm|3

.f+ Ghcke` rmloggmefhvkoe| oe nop vo kgtroym vnm lonmrmelm! miimlvkymem||

hef miiklkmel{ oi vnm otmrhvke` mevkvkm| oi vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g3

.m+ Troykfke` m~tmrv ket}v! kela}fke` vnro}`n kefmtmefmev rmykmp| hef

h||m||gmev|! kevo vnm trmthrhvkoe hef loef}lv oi vnm tmrkofkl rmykmp| oi vnm ikehelkha

gmlnhek|g b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|3

.i+ Trmthrke` h bkmeekha h||m||gmev! oymrykmp oi lakghvm ikehelm iaop|! vo

kela}fm keiorghvkoe oe vnm `mo`rhtnklha hef vnmghvkl bhahelm oi |}ln iaop|! frhpke` oe

hyhkahbam |o}rlm| oi keiorghvkoe! kela}fke` ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe| hef bkmeekha rmtorv| oi

bovn fmymaotmf hef fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|! keiorghvkoe troykfmf ke vnm rm`k|vr{!

keiorghvkoe troykfmf b{ Thrvkm| oe h||m||gmev| oi vnmkr emmf|! rmtorv| trmthrmf b{ vnm

otmrhvke` mevkvkm| oi vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g! hef keiorghvkoe hyhkahbam irog ovnmr mevkvkm|

troykfke` lakghvm lnhe`m ikehelm3


23/86


2

loaamlvkym loggkvgmev vo troykfm emp hef hffkvkoeha rm|o}rlm| httrohlnke` ]\F


24/86


26

Y% Vmlneoao`{ fmymaotgmev hef vrhe|imr

Hrrhe`mgmev| vo ghcm vnm Vmlneoao`{ Gmlnhek|g i}aa{ otmrhvkoeha ke2482

Rmlhaake`vnm loggkvgmev| }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe! ke thrvkl}ahr Hrvklam 6! thrh`rhtn|

8! hef ;!

Ha|o rmlhaake` fmlk|koe 8/LT%8

fmymaotgmev hef vrhe|imr vo |}ttorv hlvkoe oe gkvk`hvkoe hef hfhtvhvkoe!

Rmhiikrgke` vnhv vnm objmlvkym oi menhelmf hlvkoe oe vmlneoao`{ fmymaotgmev hef

vrhe|imr k| vo |}ttorv hlvkoe oe gkvk`hvkoe hef hfhtvhvkoe ke orfmr vo hlnkmym vnm i}aa

kgtamgmevhvkoe oi vnm Loeymevkoe hef vnhv! ke t}r|}kv oi vnk| objmlvkym! vnm kfmevkiklhvkoe oi

vmlneoao`{ emmf| pkaa bm bh|mf oe h lo}evr{'frkyme httrohln hef ehvkoeha lkrl}g|vhelm|

hef trkorkvkm|!

]efmrakeke` vnm kgtorvhelm oi ehvkoehaa{ fmvmrgkemf vmlneoao`{ emmf|! bh|mf oe

ehvkoeha lkrl}g|vhelm| hef trkorkvkm|! vnm |mvvke` oi httrotrkhvm mehbake` meykroegmev| vo

|lham }t vnm fmymaotgmev hef vrhe|imr oi vmlneoao`km| ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm| hef vnm emmf

vo hllmamrhvm hlvkoe hv fkiimrmev |vh`m| oi vnm vmlneoao`{ l{lam!

Eovke` vnm m|vhbak|ngmev oi h Vmlneoao`{ M~ml}vkym Loggkvvmm! hef h Lakghvm

Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc ke fmlk|koe 8 LT/89! hef vnmkr rm|tmlvkym i}elvkoe|!

Rmlhaake`fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 82>! oe vnm porc tro`rhggm ior vnm Hf Nol

Porcke` @ro}t oe Aoe`'vmrg Lootmrhvkym Hlvkoe }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe oe vmlneoao`{

fmymaotgmev hef vrhe|imr pkvn h ykmp vo vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| vhcke` h fmlk|koe oe!

kevmr hakh! h lhaa ior troto|ha| vo no|v vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc hef vnm

lrkvmrkh vo bm }|mf vo myha}hvm hef |mamlv h no|v oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef

Emvporc hv kv| |mymevmmevn |m||koe ke orfmr vo ghcm vnm Vmlneoao`{ Gmlnhek|g i}aa{

otmrhvkoeha ke 2482!

\vrm||ke`vnm kgtorvhelm oi ghcke` kv| vpo logtoemev|! vnm Vmlneoao`{ M~ml}vkym

Loggkvvmm hef vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc! i}aa{ otmrhvkoeha h| |ooe h|

to||kbam ke 2482 ke orfmr vo trogovm hef menhelm vnm rm|mhrln! fmymaotgmev! fmtao{gmev

hef fkii}|koe oi meykroegmevhaa{ |o}ef vmlneoao`km| ke |}ttorv oi hlvkoe oe gkvk`hvkoe hef

hfhtvhvkoe ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|! ke orfmr vo hlnkmym vnm }avkghvm objmlvkym oi vnm

Loeymevkoe!

Rmlhaake` vnhv vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc hef vnm Vmlneoao`{

M~ml}vkym Loggkvvmm |nhaa rmahvm |o h| vo trogovm lonmrmelm hef |{emr`{!

Rmhiikrgke`vnhv bovn logtoemev| oi vnm Vmlneoao`{ Gmlnhek|g |nhaa ihlkakvhvm vnm

kgtamgmevhvkoe oi vnm objmlvkym |mv o}v ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 88

vnmkr rm|tmlvkym i}elvkoe| h`rmmf ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89 hef loe|k|vmev pkvn vnm ghefhvm oi vnmVmlneoao`{ M~ml}vkym Loggkvvmm ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! httmefk~ KY! hef vnm vmrg| oi

rmimrmelm oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc loevhkemf ke heem~ YKK!

Rmlhaake` vnm emmf vo i}rvnmr t}r|}m vnm kgtamgmevhvkoe oi vnm Vmlneoao`{

Gmlnhek|g hef kv| vpo logtoemev| pkvn h ykmp vo ghcke` vnm Vmlneoao`{ Gmlnhek|g

i}aa{ otmrhvkoeha h| mhra{ h| to||kbam ke 2482!

8


25/86


2=

iam~kbam |o vnhv kv lhe amhre! hfhtv hef hfj}|v kv| |lotm hef rmhln oymr vkgm ke rm|toe|m vo vnm

vmlneoao`{ emmf| oi fmymaotke` lo}evrkm| hef vnm fmghef| oi vnm mgmr`ke` kevmrehvkoeha

lakghvm lnhe`m rm`kgm3

8Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|! vnro}`n vnm |}b|kfkhr{ bofkm| hv vnmkr vnkrv{'mk`nvn |m||koe|! pkvn

h ykmp vo ghcke` h fmlk|koe oe vnk| ghvvmr hv vnm ekemvmmevn |m||koe oi vnm Loeimrmelm oi

vnm Thrvkm|! kela}fke`! kevmr hakh! loe|kfmrhvkoe oi vnm ioaaopke` roam| oi vnm Lakghvm

Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc:

.h+ Kfmevki{ke` l}rrmeva{ hyhkahbam lakghvm'irkmefa{ vmlneoao`km| ior gkvk`hvkoe

hef hfhtvhvkoe vnhv gmmv vnmkr cm{ aop'lhrboe hef lakghvm'rm|kakmev fmymaotgmev emmf|3

.b+ Ihlkakvhvke` vnm trmthrhvkoe oi trojmlv troto|ha| ior vnm fmtao{gmev!

}vkakzhvkoe hef ikehelke` oi m~k|vke` vmlneoao`km| ior gkvk`hvkoe hef hfhtvhvkoe3

.l+ Ihlkakvhvke` hfhtvhvkoe hef vnm fmtao{gmev oi l}rrmeva{ hyhkahbamvmlneoao`km| vo gmmv aolha emmf| hef lkrl}g|vhelm|3

.f+ Ihlkakvhvke` rm|mhrln! fmymaotgmev hef fmgoe|vrhvkoe oi emp lakghvm'irkmefa{

vmlneoao`km| ior gkvk`hvkoe hef hfhtvhvkoe! pnkln hrm rmx}krmf vo gmmv vnm cm{ objmlvkym| oi

|}|vhkehbam fmymaotgmev3

.m+ Menhelke` ehvkoeha hef rm`koeha n}ghe hef ke|vkv}vkoeha lhthlkv{ vo gheh`m

vnm vmlneoao`{ l{lam! hef vo |}ttorv vnm lnhaame`m| ior hlvkykvkm| ak|vmf ke thrh`rhtn| 8


26/86


29

.kk+ Vo trmthrm he myha}hvkoe rmtorv pkvn h |norvak|v rhecke` }t vo ikym trotoemev|!

kela}fke` keiorghvkoe oe nop vnm lrkvmrkh ior vnm myha}hvkoe nhym bmme httakmf! hef

ghcm kv hyhkahbam ior loe|kfmrhvkoe b{ vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe hv kv|

vnkrv{'|k~vn |m||koe3

.m+ Vo fk|l}|| vnm cm{ mamgmev| oi vnm tovmevkha no|v h`rmmgmev pkvn vnm vot'rhecmf trotoemev! hef! ki emmfmf! pkvn vnm |mloef'rhecmf hef vnkrf'rhecmf trotoemev| h|

h`rmmf b{ vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe hv kv| vnkrv{'|k~vn |m||koe hef rmimrrmf vo

ke thrh`rhtn 8.h+ bmaop3

.i+ Vo rmtorv vnm o}vlogm oi kv| fk|l}||koe oe vnm cm{ mamgmev| oi vnm tovmevkha

no|v h`rmmgmev vo vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe hv kv| vnkrv{'|mymevn |m||koe ior

kv| loe|kfmrhvkoe! pkvn h ykmp vo rmloggmefke` kv ior loe|kfmrhvkoe hef httroyha b{ vnm

Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| hv kv| mk`nvmmevn |m||koe3

8% Rmx}m|v| vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe:

.h+ Vo h rmm oe! hv kv| vnkrv{'|k~vn |m||koe! h rhecmf ak|v oi }t vo vnrmm trotoemev|

bh|mf oe vnm o}vlogm oi vnm h||m||gmev loef}lvmf b{ vnm myha}hvkoe thema rmimrrmf vo ke

thrh`rhtn 8


27/86


20

Rmhiikrgke` vnhv lhthlkv{'b}kafke` k| m||mevkha ke mehbake` fmymaotke` lo}evr{

Thrvkm| vo thrvklkthvm i}aa{ ke hffrm||ke` vnm lnhaame`m| oi lakghvm lnhe`m! hef vo kgtamgmev

miimlvkyma{ vnmkr loggkvgmev| }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe!

Ha|o rmhiikrgke` vnhv lhthlkv{'b}kafke` |no}af bm h loevke}o}|! tro`rm||kym hef

kvmrhvkym trolm|| vnhv k| thrvklkthvor{! lo}evr{'frkyme hef loe|k|vmev pkvn ehvkoeha trkorkvkm|hef lkrl}g|vhelm|!

I}rvnmr rmhiikrgke` vnm kgtorvhelm oi vhcke` kevo hllo}ev `mefmr h|tmlv| hef

hlceopamf`ke` vnm roam hef emmf| oi {o}vn hef tmr|oe| pkvn fk|hbkakvkm| ke lhthlkv{'

b}kafke` hlvkykvkm|!

Hlceopamf`ke`vnhv lhthlkv{'b}kafke` k| lro||'l}vvke` ke ehv}rm hef he kevm`rha thrv

oi menhelmf hlvkoe oe gkvk`hvkoe! hfhtvhvkoe! vmlneoao`{ fmymaotgmev hef vrhe|imr! hef

hllm|| vo ikehelkha rm|o}rlm|!

Eovke`pkvn httrmlkhvkoe vnm tro`rm|| ghfm hlro|| vnm bofkm| m|vhbak|nmf }efmr vnm

Loeymevkoe hef vnm otmrhvke` mevkvkm| oi vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g! kela}fke` vno|m h`rmmf vo

ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! ke kevm`rhvke` lhthlkv{'b}kafke` kevo menhelmf hlvkoe oe gkvk`hvkoe!

hfhtvhvkoe! vmlneoao`{ fmymaotgmev hef vrhe|imr! hef hllm|| vo ikehelkha rm|o}rlm|!

Ha|o eovke` fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 9=! pnkln melo}rh`m| Thrvkm| vo fmymaot

aop'lhrboe fmymaotgmev |vrhvm`km| or tahe| ke vnm loevm~v oi |}|vhkehbam fmymaotgmev!

pmalogke` vno|m Thrvkm| vnhv nhym harmhf{ bm`}e vnm trolm|| oi fmymaotke` vnm|m |vrhvm`km|!

hef eovke` vnm kgtorvhev lhthlkv{'b}kafke` o}vlogm| vnhv vnk| trolm|| hef rmahvmf

thrvemr|nkt| lhe troykfm!

I}rvnmr eovke` vnhv! pnkam tro`rm|| nh| bmme ghfm! `ht| |vkaa rmghke ke hffrm||ke`

vnm trkorkv{ k||}m| kfmevkikmf ke vnm irhgmporc ior lhthlkv{'b}kafke` ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|

h| loevhkemf ke fmlk|koe 2/LT%0!

866% Rmx}m|v| vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe vo i}rvnmr menhelm vnm goekvorke`

hef rmykmp oi vnm miimlvkymem|| oi lhthlkv{'b}kafke` b{ or`hekzke` he hee}ha ke'|m||koe

F}rbhe Ior}g ior ke'fmtvn fk|l}||koe oe lhthlkv{'b}kafke` pkvn vnm thrvklkthvkoe oiThrvkm|! rmtrm|mevhvkym| oi vnm rmamyhev bofkm| m|vhbak|nmf }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe! hef

rmamyhev m~tmrv| hef trhlvkvkoemr|! pkvn h ykmp vo |nhrke` vnmkr m~tmrkmelm| hef m~lnhe`ke`

kfmh|! bm|v trhlvklm| hef am||oe| amhremf rm`hrfke` vnm kgtamgmevhvkoe oi lhthlkv{'b}kafke`

hlvkykvkm|3

86=% Fmlkfm| vnhv vnm F}rbhe Ior}g |no}af kela}fm h| ket}v|! kevmr hakh! he{ lhthlkv{'

b}kafke` mamgmev| loevhkemf ke vnm rmtorv| trmthrmf |kelm vnm go|v rmlmev |m||koe oi vnm

F}rbhe Ior}g b{ vnm rmamyhev bofkm| m|vhbak|nmf }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe3

869% Rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo logtkam hef |{evnm|kzm vnm rmtorv| trmthrmf |kelm vnm

go|v rmlmev |m||koe oi vnm F}rbhe Ior}g b{ vnm rmamyhev bofkm| m|vhbak|nmf }efmr vnm

Loeymevkoe3

860% Ha|o rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo trmthrm h |}gghr{ rmtorv oe vnm F}rbhe Ior}g iorloe|kfmrhvkoe b{ vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe3

86>% Melo}rh`m| Thrvkm| vo loevke}m vo troykfm keiorghvkoe vnro}`n vnm httrotrkhvm

lnheema|! kela}fke` ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe|! oe vnm tro`rm|| ghfm ke menhelke` vnm

lhthlkv{ vo hffrm|| lakghvm lnhe`m3

86;% Keykvm| fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| vo rmtorv oe tro`rm|| ghfm hef gmh|}rm| vhcme ke

kgtamgmevke` hef kgtroyke` vnmkr mehbake` meykroegmev| vo b}kaf ehvkoeha lhthlkv{ ior

gkvk`hvkoe hef hfhtvhvkoe! hef vo kela}fm vnm emmf| rmamyhev vo menhelke` vnm tro`rm|| ghfm

oe |}ln gmh|}rm| ke vnmkr logg}eklhvkoe| oe lhthlkv{'b}kafke` trkorkvkm|3


28/86


2>

8=4% Rmx}m|v| vnm |mlrmvhrkhv vo loevke}m vo logtkam hef |{evnm|kzm vnm keiorghvkoe

troykfmf b{ Heem~ K Thrvkm| hef vo |}gghrkzm vnm keiorghvkoe troykfmf b{ eoe'Heem~ K

Thrvkm| ke vnmkr ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe| hef |}bgk||koe|! hef vo logtkam hef |{evnm|kzm

keiorghvkoe oe lhthlkv{'b}kafke` hlvkykvkm|! kela}fke` am||oe| amhremf! troykfmf b{ vnm

rmamyhev bofkm| m|vhbak|nmf }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe hef b{ kevmrehvkoeha hef rm`koeha

or`hekzhvkoe|3

8=8% Ha|o rmx}m|v| vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe! ke kv| loe|kfmrhvkoe oi vnm

vnkrf hef |}b|mx}mev logtrmnme|kym rmykmp| oi vnm kgtamgmevhvkoe oi vnm irhgmporc ior

lhthlkv{'b}kafke` ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|! vo kela}fm vnm rmtorv| oi rmamyhev bofkm|

m|vhbak|nmf }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe! h| pmaa h| vnm |}gghr{ rmtorv| oe vnm F}rbhe Ior}g

rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn 860 hboym! h| hffkvkoeha ket}v| vo vnm|m rmykmp|3

8=2% Melo}rh`m| vnm rmamyhev bofkm| m|vhbak|nmf }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe! kela}fke`! kevmr

hakh! vnm Loe|}avhvkym @ro}t oi M~tmrv| oe Ehvkoeha Logg}eklhvkoe| irog Thrvkm| eov

kela}fmf ke Heem~ K vo vnm Loeymevkoe! vnm Amh|v Fmymaotmf Lo}evrkm| M~tmrv @ro}t hef

vnm @aobha Meykroegmev Ihlkakv{ h| he otmrhvke` mevkv{ oi vnm ikehelkha gmlnhek|g! vo

loevke}m vo mahborhvm hef lhrr{ o}v porc oe lhthlkv{'b}kafke` ke he kevm`rhvmf gheemr! h|

httrotrkhvm! pkvnke vnmkr rm|tmlvkym ghefhvm|3

8=


29/86


2;

.h+ Vnm bm|v hyhkahbam |lkmevkikl ceopamf`m! kela}fke` vnm h||m||gmev rmtorv| oi

vnm Kevmròymregmevha Thema oe Lakghvm Lnhe`m3

.b+ Ob|mrymf kgthlv| oi lakghvm lnhe`m3

.l+ He h||m||gmev oi vnm oymrhaa h``rm`hvm miimlv oi vnm |vmt| vhcme b{ Thrvkm| ke

orfmr vo hlnkmym vnm }avkghvm objmlvkym oi vnm Loeymevkoe3

.f+ Loe|kfmrhvkoe oi |vrme`vnmeke` vnm aoe`'vmrg àobha òha! rmimrmelke` yhrko}|

ghvvmr| trm|mevmf b{ vnm |lkmelm! kela}fke` ke rmahvkoe vo vmgtmrhv}rm rk|m oi 8%= fm`rmm|

Lma|k}|3

898% I}rvnmr h`rmm| vnhv vnm rmykmp |no}af bm bh|mf oe keiorghvkoe irog yhrko}| |o}rlm|!

kela}fke` vnm ioaaopke`:

.h+ Vnm h||m||gmev hef |tmlkha rmtorv| hef vmlneklha thtmr| oi vnm

Kevmròymregmevha Thema oe Lakghvm Lnhe`m3

.b+ \}bgk||koe| irog Thrvkm|! ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe|! ikr|v bkmeekha }tfhvm

rmtorv| irog fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| hef bkmeekha rmtorv| irog fmymaotmf lo}evr{

Thrvkm|! ehvkoeha keymevorkm|! rmtorv| oe kevmrehvkoeha loe|}avhvkoe hef heha{|k|! kevmrehvkoehaheha{|k| hef rmykmp! hef ovnmr rmamyhev rmtorv| irog Thrvkm| hef trolm||m| }efmr vnm

Loeymevkoe3

.l+ Ovnmr rmamyhev rmtorv| irog ]ekvmf Ehvkoe| h`melkm| hef ovnmr kevmrehvkoeha

or`hekzhvkoe|! kela}fke` rmtorv| oe mgk||koe trojmlvkoe|! vmlneoao`{ fmymaotgmev! hllm||!

vrhe|imr hef fmtao{gmev! hef rmtorv| oe `ro|| fogm|vkl trof}lv! kela}fke` trojmlvkoe|3

.f+ \lkmevkikl keiorghvkoe oe vnm ob|mrymf kgthlv| oi lakghvm lnhe`m! kela}fke`

vnhv irog rmtorv| loorfkehvmf b{ rmamyhev rm`koeha hef |}brm`koeha h`melkm|3

892% Fmlkfm| vnhv vnm rmykmp rmimrrmf vo ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn| 6 hef 8! pkaa

bm loef}lvmf pkvn vnm h||k|vhelm oi vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior \lkmevkikl hef Vmlneoao`klha

Hfyklm hef vnm \}b|kfkhr{ Bof{ ior Kgtamgmevhvkoe! hef vnhv vnm porc |nhaa bm |}ttorvmf

b{ m~tmrv loe|kfmrhvkoe oi vnm ket}v| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn 898 hboym! kevmr hakh! vnro}`nporc|not| hef ovnmr ke'|m||koe hef kevmr|m||koeha hlvkykvkm|! h| httrotrkhvm3

89


30/86


% Keykvm| Heem~ K Thrvkm| vnhv hrm ke h to|kvkoe vo fo |o! vnro}`n g}avkahvmrha h`melkm|!

kela}fke` vnro}`n vnm @aobha Meykroegmev Ihlkakv{ pkvnke kv| ghefhvm! bkahvmrha h`melkm|

hef vnm trkyhvm |mlvor or vnro}`n he{ i}rvnmr hrrhe`mgmev|! h| httrotrkhvm! vo ghcm

hyhkahbam vnm lhthlkv{' b}kafke`! ikehelkha! vmlneklha hef vmlneoao`{ vrhe|imr h||k|vhelm ior

Heem~ K Thrvkm| }efmròke` vnm trolm|| oi vrhe|kvkoe vo h ghrcmv mloeog{ ke orfmr vo h||k|v

vnm|m Thrvkm| ke vnm fmymaotgmev hef kgtamgmevhvkoe oi vnmkr ehvkoeha aop'lhrboe

fmymaotgmev |vrhvm`km| hef hlvkoe tahe| loe|k|vmev pkvn vnmkr ehvkoeha trkorkvkm| hef pkvn

vnmkr mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe vhr`mv|3

89;% Ha|o keykvm| g}avkahvmrha hef bkahvmrha h`melkm| vo loorfkehvm vnmkr hlvkykvkm| ke

|}ttorv oi vnm kgtamgmevhvkoe oi vnk| h||k|vhelm3

B% Ghvvmr| rmahvmf vo Thrvkm| kela}fmf ke Heem~ K vo vnm Loeymevkoe pno|m|tmlkha lkrl}g|vhelm| hrm rmloèkzmf b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|

Rmlhaake`fmlk|koe 29/LT%0 hef fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! pnkln rmloèkzmf vnhv V}rcm{ k|

ke h |kv}hvkoe fkiimrmev irog vnhv oi ovnmr Heem~ K Thrvkm|!

804% H`rmm| vo loevke}m pkvn vnm fk|l}||koe oe gofhakvkm| ior vnm troyk|koe oi |}ttorv ior

gkvk`hvkoe! hfhtvhvkoe! vmlneoao`{ fmymaotgmev hef vrhe|imr! lhthlkv{'b}kafke` hef ikehelm

vo Thrvkm| pno|m |tmlkha lkrl}g|vhelm| hrm rmloèkzmf b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| ke

orfmr vo h||k|v vnm|m Thrvkm| ke vnm kgtamgmevhvkoe oi vnm Loeymevkoe3

808% Rmx}m|v| vnhv vnm hlvkoe| oi vnm |mlrmvhrkhv lhaamf ior ke thrh`rhtn| 8804 hboym bm}efmrvhcme |}bjmlv vo vnm hyhkahbkakv{ oi ikehelkha rm|o}rlm|%


31/86



32/86


33/86


bmaop! Heem~ KK

Thrvkm| |nhaa }|m he{ gmvnofoao`{ vo bm fmymaotmf }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe! vhcke` kevo

hllo}ev kevmrehvkoeha m~tmrkmelm% Heem~ KK Thrvkm| |nhaa fm|lrkbm vnm gmvnofoao`{ }|mf ke

vnmkr bkmeekha rmtorv|% Heem~ KK Thrvkm| |nhaa rmtorv ke h rk`oro}|! rob}|v hef vrhe|thrmev

2 Vo bm fmymaotmf%


34/86


8;% Rmlo`ekzke` vnhv vnm oha oi gobkakzke` vnm ikehelkha rm|o}rlm| rmimrrmf vo ke

fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn ;>! kela}fm| trkyhvm ikehelkha |o}rlm|! Heem~ KK Thrvkm| |no}af

rmtorv! vo vnm m~vmev to||kbam! oe trkyhvm ikehelkha iaop| amymrh`mf b{ bkahvmrha lakghvm

ikehelm vophrf| gkvk`hvkoe hef hfhtvhvkoe hlvkykvkm| ke eoe'Heem~ K Thrvkm|! hef |no}af

rmtorv oe toaklkm| hef gmh|}rm| vnhv trogovm vnm |lhake` }t oi trkyhvm keym|vgmev ke

gkvk`hvkoe hef hfhtvhvkoe hlvkykvkm| ke fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|%

24% Heem~ KK Thrvkm| |no}af |tmlki{ vnm v{tm| oi ke|vr}gmev| }|mf ke vnm troyk|koe oi

vnmkr h||k|vhelm! |}ln h| `rhev| hef loelm||koeha aohe|%


35/86



36/86



37/86


% Vnm g}avkahvmrha h||m||gmev pkaa bm lhrrkmf o}v ior mhln fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrv{ oe

vnm bh|k| oi vnm ioaaopke`:

.h+ Vnm vmlneklha rmykmp rmtorv rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn 0 hboym hef he{ ovnmr

rmamyhev rmykmp rmtorv| oi vnm hee}ha @N@ keymevor{ hef ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe3

.b+ Vnm bkmeekha rmtorv! vnm ehvkoeha @N@ keymevor{! kela}fke` vnm ehvkoeha

keymevor{ rmtorv! hef vnm ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe3

.l+ \}ttamgmevhr{ keiorghvkoe oe vnm hlnkmymgmev oi vnm Thrv{| x}hevkikmfmloeog{'pkfm mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe vhr`mv! kela}fke` oe vnm roam oi ahef }|m! ahef'}|m lnhe`m

hef iorm|vr{! hef lhrboe lrmfkv| irog ghrcmv'bh|mf gmlnhek|g|3

;% Mhln fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrv{ pkaa bm h||m||mf f}rke` he \BK |m||koe%

84% Vnm g}avkahvmrha h||m||gmev |no}af mevhka vnm ioaaopke`:

.h+ He{ Thrv{ gh{ |}bgkv mamlvroeklhaa{ vnro}`n vnm |mlrmvhrkhv prkvvme x}m|vkoe|

vo vnm Thrv{ loelmremf ke hfyhelm oi vnm kevmrehvkoeha h||m||gmev3

.b+ Vnm Thrv{ }efmr h||m||gmev |no}af mefmhyo}r vo rm|toef vo vno|m x}m|vkoe|!

vnro}`n vnm |mlrmvhrkhv! pkvnke vpo goevn|% Vnm |mlrmvhrkhv pkaa logtkam vnm x}m|vkoe| hef

he|pmr| hef t}bak|n vnmg oe vnm ]EILLL pmb|kvm3


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.l+ F}rke` vnm \BK |m||koe! fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm| pkaa }efmr`o vnm

h||m||gmev pkvn vnm thrvklkthvkoe oi haa Thrvkm|% Vnm Thrv{ }efmr rmykmp gh{ ghcm h brkmi

orha trm|mevhvkoe! pnkln pkaa bm ioaaopmf b{ orha x}m|vkoe| b{ Thrvkm| hef rm|toe|m| b{ vnm

Thrv{ }efmr rmykmp%

88% Vnm o}vt}v| oi vnm kevmrehvkoeha h||m||gmev ior mhln Thrv{ pkaa kela}fm vnmioaaopke`: h rmlorf trmthrmf b{ vnm |mlrmvhrkhv pnkln kela}fm| ke'fmtvn rmykmp rmtorv|! vnm

|}gghr{ rmtorv oi vnm \BK! x}m|vkoe| |}bgkvvmf b{ Thrvkm| hef rm|toe|m| troykfmf! hef he{

ovnmr ob|mryhvkoe| b{ vnm Thrv{ }efmr rmykmp vnhv hrm |}bgkvvmf pkvnke vpo goevn| oi vnm

porcke` `ro}t |m||koe oi vnm \BK%

82% Vnm \BK pkaa iorphrf loela}|koe| bh|mf oe vnm rmlorf rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn 88

hboym vo rmamyhev bofkm| }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe h| httrotrkhvm%


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40/86


64

.`+ He{ ovnmr keiorghvkoe vnhv vnm eoe'Heem~ K Thrv{ loe|kfmr| rmamyhev vo vnm

hlnkmymgmev oi vnm objmlvkym oi vnm Loeymevkoe hef |}kvhbam ior kela}|koe ke kv| bkmeekha

}tfhvm rmtorv%

KKK% Ehvkoeha `rmmeno}|m `h| keymevor{

% Vnm |lotm oi vnm }tfhvm| oe ehvkoeha @N@

keymevorkm| |no}af bm loe|k|vmev pkvn lhthlkvkm|! vkgm loe|vrhkev|! fhvh hyhkahbkakvkm| hef vnm

amyma oi |}ttorv troykfmf b{ fmymaotmf lo}evrkm| Thrvkm| ior bkmeekha }tfhvm rmtorvke`%

6% Eoe'Heem~ K Thrvkm| |no}af }|m vnm gmvnofoao`km| m|vhbak|nmf b{ vnm ahvm|v

]EILLL `}kfmakem| ior vnm trmthrhvkoe oi ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe| irog eoe'Heem~ K

Thrvkm| httroymf b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| .LOT+ or vno|m fmvmrgkemf b{ he{ i}v}rm

fmlk|koe oi vnm LOT oe vnk| ghvvmr%

=% Vnm }tfhvm| oi vnm |mlvkoe| oe vnm ehvkoeha keymevorkm| oi hevnroto`mekl mgk||koe|

b{ |o}rlm| hef rmgoyha| b{ |kec| oi haa @N@| eov loevroaamf b{ vnm Goevrmha Trovoloa

|no}af loevhke }tfhvmf fhvh oe hlvkykv{ amyma| bh|mf oe vnm bm|v keiorghvkoe hyhkahbam }|ke`

vnm Rmyk|mf 8;;9 KTLL @}kfmakem| ior Ehvkoeha @rmmeno}|m @h| Keymevorkm| .nmrmkehivmr

rmimrrmf vo h| vnm Rmyk|mf 8;;9 KTLL @}kfmakem|+! vnm @oof Trhlvklm @}kfhelm hef

]elmrvhkev{ Gheh`mgmev ke Ehvkoeha @rmmeno}|m @h| Keymevorkm|! hef vnm @oof Trhlvklm

@}kfhelm ior Ahef ]|m! Ahef']|m Lnhe`m hef Iorm|vr{ .nmrmkehivmr rmimrrmf vo h| vnm

KTLL `oof trhlvklm `}kfhelm ior A]A]LI+3 he{ lnhe`m vo vnm mgk||koe ihlvor gh{ bm

ghfm ke vnm |}b|mx}mev i}aa ehvkoeha logg}eklhvkoe%

9% Eoe'Heem~ K Thrvkm| hrm melo}rh`mf vo kela}fm! h| httrotrkhvm hef vo vnm m~vmev vnhv

lhthlkvkm| tmrgkv! ke vnm keymevor{ |mlvkoe oi vnm bkmeekha }tfhvm rmtorv! vhbam| kela}fmf keheem~ ! kela}fke` vhbam 8!

oe Ehvkoeha `rmmeno}|m `h| keymevor{ oi hevnroto`mekl mgk||koe| b{ |o}rlm| hefrmgoyha| b{ |kec| oi haa `rmmeno}|m `h|m| eov loevroaamf b{ vnm Goevrmha Trovoloa hef

`rmmeno}|m `h| trml}r|or|! hef vhbam 2! oe Ehvkoeha `rmmeno}|m `h| keymevor{ oi

hevnroto`mekl mgk||koe| oi NIL|! TIL| hef \I9%

84% Hffkvkoeha or |}ttorvke` keiorghvkoe! kela}fke` |mlvor'|tmlkikl keiorghvkoe! gh{ bm

|}ttakmf ke h vmlneklha heem~%


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68

KY% Gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe|

88% Eoe'Heem~ K Thrvkm| |no}af troykfm keiorghvkoe! ke h vhb}ahr iorghv! oe hlvkoe| vo

gkvk`hvm lakghvm lnhe`m! b{ hffrm||ke` hevnroto`mekl mgk||koe| b{ |o}rlm| hef rmgoyha|

b{ |kec| oi haa @N@| eov loevroaamf b{ vnm Goevrmha Trovoloa%

82% Ior mhln gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe or `ro}t| oi gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe| kela}fke`! h| httrotrkhvm!

vno|m ak|vmf ke fol}gmev ILLL/HP@ALH/2488/KEI%8! fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| |nhaa

troykfm vnm ioaaopke` keiorghvkoe vo vnm m~vmev to||kbam:

.h+ Ehgm hef fm|lrktvkoe oi vnm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe! kela}fke` keiorghvkoe oe vnm

ehv}rm oi vnm hlvkoe! loymrh`m .k%m% |mlvor| hef `h|m|+! x}hevkvhvkym `oha| hef tro`rm||

kefklhvor|3

.b+ Keiorghvkoe oe gmvnofoao`km| hef h||}gtvkoe|3

.l+ Objmlvkym| oi vnm hlvkoe hef |vmt| vhcme or meyk|h`mf vo hlnkmym vnhv hlvkoe3

.f+ Keiorghvkoe oe vnm tro`rm|| oi kgtamgmevhvkoe oi vnm gkvk`hvkoe hlvkoe| hef

vnm }efmra{ke` |vmt| vhcme or meyk|h`mf! hef vnm rm|}av| hlnkmymf! |}ln h| m|vkghvmfo}vlogm| .gmvrkl| fmtmefke` oe v{tm oi hlvkoe+ hef m|vkghvmf mgk||koe rmf}lvkoe|! vo vnm

m~vmev to||kbam3

.m+ Keiorghvkoe oe kevmrehvkoeha ghrcmv gmlnhek|g|%

8


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62

YKK% ]tfhvke` vnm `}kfmakem|

24% Vnm|m `}kfmakem| |no}af bm rmykmpmf hef rmyk|mf! h| httrotrkhvm! ke hllorfhelm pkvn

fmlk|koe| oi vnm LOT%


43/86


6


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66

>% Vnm o}vlogm oi vnm KLH pkaa bm h |}gghr{ rmtorv hef h rmlorf oi vnm ihlkakvhvkym

|nhrke` oi ykmp|%


45/86


6=

Heem~ Y

Kefklhvkym ak|v oi hlvkykvkm| ior vnm Hfhtvhvkoe Loggkvvmm

8% Loe|kfmrke` rmamyhev keiorghvkoe hef troykfke` rmloggmefhvkoe| vo vnm Loeimrmelm

oi vnm Thrvkm| oe ph{| vo rhvkoehakzm hef |vrme`vnme lonmrmelm hgoe` hfhtvhvkoe bofkm|!

tro`rhggm| hef hlvkykvkm| }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe%

2% Trmthrke` he oymrykmp oi vnm lhthlkvkm| oi rm`koeha lmevrm| hef emvporc| porcke` oe

h|tmlv| rmahvmf vo hfhtvhvkoe vo vnm hfymr|m miimlv| oi lakghvm lnhe`m! frhpke` oe rmamyhev

keiorghvkoe! hef ghcke` rmloggmefhvkoe| vo vnm Thrvkm| oe ph{| vo menhelm vnm roam oi

rm`koeha lmevrm| hef emvporc| ke |}ttorvke` hfhtvhvkoe hv vnm rm`koeha hef ehvkoeha amyma|%


46/86


69

Heem~ YK

Logto|kvkoe hef porcke` gofhakvkm| oi vnm \vhefke` Loggkvvmm

8% Vnm \vhefke` Loggkvvmm |nhaa bm logto|mf oi vnm ioaaopke`:

.h+ Vme gmgbmr| irog Thrvkm| kela}fmf ke Heem~ K vo vnm Loeymevkoe .Heem~ K

Thrvkm|+3

.b+ Vme gmgbmr| irog Thrvkm| eov kela}fmf ke Heem~ K vo vnm Loeymevkoe .eoe'

Heem~ K Thrvkm|+! kela}fke` vpo gmgbmr| mhln irog vnm Hirklhe! H|kh'Thlkikl! hef vnm Ahvke

Hgmrklh hef Lhrkbbmhe \vhvm|! oem gmgbmr irog h |ghaa k|ahef fmymaotke` \vhvm hef oem

gmgbmr irog h amh|v fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrv{%

2% Vnm \vhefke` Loggkvvmm |nhaa bm logto|mf oi gmgbmr| eogkehvmf b{ Thrvkm| ior

httroyha b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|! pno |nhaa nhym vnm emlm||hr{ m~tmrkmelm hef

|ckaa|! eovhba{ ke vnm hrmh| oi lakghvm lnhe`m! fmymaotgmev hef ikehelm! vhcke` kevo hllo}ev

vnm emmf vo hlnkmym `mefmr bhahelm ke hllorfhelm pkvn fmlk|koe % Vnm \vhefke` Loggkvvmm |nhaa rmhln kv| loela}|koe| b{ loe|me|}|%

;% Vnm |mlrmvhrkhv |nhaa troykfm hfgkek|vrhvkym |}ttorv ior vnm porc oi vnm \vhefke`

Loggkvvmm%

84% Vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| pkaa loef}lv h rmykmp oi vnm i}elvkoe| oi vnm \vhefke`

Loggkvvmm ke 248=%


47/86


60

Heem~ YKK

Vmrg| oi rmimrmelm oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc

K% Gk||koe

8% Vnm gk||koe oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc k| vo |vkg}ahvm

vmlneoao`{ lootmrhvkoe hef vo menhelm vnm fmymaotgmev hef vrhe|imr oi vmlneoao`km| hef vo

h||k|v fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| hv vnmkr rmx}m|v! loe|k|vmev pkvn vnmkr rm|tmlvkym

lhthbkakvkm| hef ehvkoeha lkrl}g|vhelm| hef trkorkvkm|! ke orfmr vo b}kaf or |vrme`vnme vnmkr

lhthlkv{ vo kfmevki{ vmlneoao`{ emmf|! vo ihlkakvhvm vnm trmthrhvkoe hef kgtamgmevhvkoe oi

vmlneoao`{ trojmlv| hef |vrhvm`km| vhcke` kevo hllo}ev `mefmr loe|kfmrhvkoe| vo |}ttorv

hlvkoe oe gkvk`hvkoe hef hfhtvhvkoe hef menhelm aop mgk||koe| hef lakghvm'rm|kakmev

fmymaotgmev%

KK I}elvkoe|2% Vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc |nhaa tmriorg vnm i}elvkoe| fm|k`ehvmf

b{ vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| h| loevhkemf ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 82


48/86


6>

.b+ Rm|toef vo rmx}m|v|! vnro}`n mkvnmr vnm Lmevrm or vnm Emvporc! bh|mf oe vnm

}|m oi vnm go|v httrotrkhvm lhthlkv{ hef m~tmrvk|m ke hllorfhelm pkvn kv| httroymf

gofhakvkm| hef trolmf}rm|%

Emvporc

9% Vnm gmgbmr| oi vnm Emvporc pkaa }efmrvhcm vnm |}b|vhevkym porc vo hffrm||

rmx}m|v| ghfm vo vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm b{ fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|%

Y% @oymrehelm oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc

0% Vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc |nhaa otmrhvm pkvnke kv| vmrg| oi

rmimrmelm hef bm hllo}evhbam vo! hef }efmr vnm `}kfhelm oi! vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|

vnro}`n he hfyk|or{ bohrf%

>% Vnhv hfyk|or{ bohrf pkaa fmvmrgkem kv| otmrhvkoeha gofhakvkm| hef r}am| oi trolmf}rm

bh|mf oe vnm i}elvkoe| o}vakemf ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 82


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6;

82% Vnm fkrmlvor oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc |nhaa bm vnm |mlrmvhr{

oi vnm hfyk|or{ bohrf%

8


50/86


=4

Heem~ YKKK

Lrkvmrkh vo bm }|mf vo myha}hvm hef |mamlv vnm no|v oi vnm Lakghvm

Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc hef keiorghvkoe rmx}krmf vo bmkela}fmf ke vnm troto|ha|

K% Lrkvmrkh vo bm }|mf vo myha}hvm hef |mamlv vnm no|v oi vnmLakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm8

8% Vnm troto|ha| pkaa bm myha}hvmf h`hke|v vnm ioaaopke` lrkvmrkh ke hllorfhelm pkvn vnm

gmvnofoao`{ `kyme ke lnhtvmr KK%

H% Vmlneklha lhthbkakvkm|

2% Vnm tro|tmlvkym no|v| vmlneklha lhthbkakvkm| pkaa bm |lormf bh|mf oe vnm ioaaopke`|}b lrkvmrkh! pnkln hrm oi mx}ha kgtorvhelm:

.h+ Vnm trotoemev| logtrmnme|kym }efmr|vhefke` oi vnm fmymaotgmev hef

vrhe|imr oi vmlneoao`km| kela}fke` ke vnm loevm~v oi vnm Loeymevkoe! ke thrvkl}ahr vnm

lnhaame`m| hef ottorv}ekvkm| pkvnke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm| h| pmaa h| vnm }efmr|vhefke` oi

rm`koeha! |}b'rm`koeha hef |mlvorha k||}m| hef fkiimrmelm| rm`hrfke` |tmlkikl vmlneoao`km|3

.b+ Vnm brmhfvn hef fmtvn oi m~tmrvk|m h| kv rmahvm| vo vnm |}bjmlv hrmh|! hlvkykvkm|

hef roam| hef rm|toe|kbkakvkm| oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm h| rmimrrmf vo ke vnm vmrg|

oi rmimrmelm oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc loevhkemf ke heem~ YKK hef vnm

i}elvkoe| oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm loevhkemf ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89! thrh`rhtn 82


51/86


=8

kela}fke` vnm keyoaymgmev oi h pkfm rhe`m oi rmamyhev or`hekzhvkoe|! lmevrm|! emvporc|!

kekvkhvkym| hef trkyhvm'|mlvor mevkvkm|3

.f+ Imh|kbkakv{ oi nop vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm pkaa me`h`m pkvn vnm

Emvporc vo lrmhvm hef ghkevhke rmahvkoe|nkt| pkvn fmymaotke` lo}evrkm| ke orfmr vo me|}rm

miimlvkym hef miiklkmev akem| oi logg}eklhvkoe hef oi nop kv pkaa loorfkehvm pkvn rmamyhevor`hekzhvkoe| vo gkekgkzm rmf}efhel{3

.m+ Vnm m~vmev vo pnkln vnm httrohln iol}|m| oe vnm objmlvkym oi b}kafke`

lhthlkv{ ke rmx}m|vke` fmymaotke` lo}evrkm| oymr vnm akim oi h tro`rhggm%

L% M~k|vke` òymrehelm hef gheh`mgmev |vr}lv}rm|

6% Vnm tro|tmlvkym no|v| m~k|vke` òymrehelm hef gheh`mgmev |vr}lv}rm| pkaa bm

|lormf bh|mf oe vnm ioaaopke` |}b lrkvmrkh! pnkln hrm oi mx}ha kgtorvhelm:

.h+ Vnm miimlvkymem|| oi vnm òymrehelm |vr}lv}rm hef vnm |{|vmg oi vnm

trotoemev ke|vkv}vkoe vo me|}rm vnm myha}hvkoe oi otmrhvkoeha tmriorghelm h`hke|v vnm

ioaaopke` mamgmev|: kevm`rkv{3 vrhe|thrmel{3 ikf}lkhr{ hef mvnklha |vhefhrf|! loe|k|vmev pkvnvnm trkelktam| oi vnm ]ekvmf Ehvkoe|3 hef rmtorvke` hef hllo}evhbkakv{3

.b+ Fmgoe|vrhvmf lhthbkakv{ vo me|}rm ihkr hef otme kevmrehvkoeha vmefmrke` ior

vnm trol}rmgmev oi |mryklm| ke akem pkvn vnm ikf}lkhr{ hef mvnklha |vhefhrf| oi vnm ]ekvmf

Ehvkoe|3

.l+ Miimlvkymem|| oi vnm l}rrmev gheh`mgmev |vr}lv}rm oi vnm no|v or`hekzhvkoe vo

me|}rm `mefmr |me|kvkykv{! vrhe|thrmel{! rm|toe|kymem||! iam~kbkakv{! ikehelkha gheh`mgmev!

h}fkvke` hef rmtorvke` i}elvkoe|! hef vnm hbkakv{ vo troykfm nk`n'x}hakv{ hfgkek|vrhvkym!

keirh|vr}lv}rha hef ao`k|vkl hrrhe`mgmev|! hef hllm||kbkakv{ vo fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|!

kela}fke` vnm amh|v fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|3

.f+ Vnm hbkakv{ vo |kg}avhemo}|a{ gheh`m hef hfgkek|vmr g}avktam hef logtam~

trojmlv| ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm| ke h vkgma{ gheemr! kela}fke` vnm hbkakv{ vo porcmiimlvkyma{ pkvn fkiimrmev lakmev| hef kevmrm|v `ro}t| vophrf| |nhrmf hef logtamgmevhr{

objmlvkym|3 hef vnm hbkakv{ vo myha}hvm vnm otmrhvkoeha tmriorghelm oi trojmlv gheh`mgmev

hef vo vhcm gmh|}rm| vo menhelm kv| miimlvkymem||%

F% Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc gheh`mgmev tahe

=% Vnm tro|tmlvkym no|v| Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc gheh`mgmev tahe

pkaa bm |lormf bh|mf oe vnm ioaaopke` |}b lrkvmrkh! pnkln hrm oi mx}ha kgtorvhelm:

.h+ Vnm imh|kbkakv{ oi vnm tahe hef vnm |lnmf}am ior kekvkhvke` vnm rhtkf otmrhvkoeha

|vhrv'}t oi vnm Lmevrm hef vnm Emvporc3

.b+ Vnm |vrme`vn oi vnm ke|vkv}vkoeha gheh`mgmev tahe hef vnm miimlvkymem|| oi vnm

gheh`mgmev |vr}lv}rm vo me|}rm am`ha lhthlkv{! vrhe|thrmel{! rm|toe|kymem||! iam~kbkakv{!

hef vnm kfmevkiklhvkoe hef gheh`mgmev oi rk|c|! kela}fke` am`ha rk|c|3

.l+ Vnm hbkakv{ vo myha}hvm vnm otmrhvkoeha tmriorghelm! vo vhcm gmh|}rm| ke orfmr

vo menhelm kv| miimlvkymem||! hef vo trogovm he kefmtmefmev hef hllo}evhbam rmahvkoe|nkt vo

vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm| hef vo kv| rmahvmf bofkm| h| fmam`hvmf3

.f+ Vnm x}hakv{ oi rm|tmlvkym troto|mf cm{ tmr|oeema h| fmgoe|vrhvmf b{ vnm

m~vmev hef vnm httrotrkhvmem|| oi vnmkr rmamyhev |}tmryk|or{ hef gheh`mgmev m~tmrkmelm!

hef vnmkr vmlneklha x}hakiklhvkoe| hef m~tmrkmelm pkvn rm`hrf vo vmlneoao`{ vrhe|imr hef

fkii}|koe ke fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|3


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=2

.m+ Vnm vrhe|thrmel{ hef imh|kbkakv{ oi vnm httrohln oe nop vnm trotoemev tahe|

vo me`h`m pkvn hef loorfkehvm vnm Emvporc gmgbmr| vo rm|toef vo rmx}m|v| irog Thrvkm|%

M% Th|v tmriorghelm

9% Vnm tro|tmlvkym no|v| th|v tmriorghelm pkaa bm |lormf bh|mf oe vnm ioaaopke` |}b'

lrkvmrkh! pnkln hrm oi mx}ha kgtorvhelm:

.h+ Vnm x}hakv{ oi vnm trof}lv or |mryklm! kela}fke`: loe|k|vmel{ ke gmmvke` `oha|

hef vhr`mv|3 lootmrhvkoe hef miimlvkymem|| ke |oayke` hef amhreke` irog trobamg|3

vkgmakem|| oi tmriorghelm! kela}fke` hfnmrmelm vo loevrhlv |lnmf}am| hef ovnmr vkgm'

|me|kvkym trojmlv loefkvkoe|3 hef miimlvkymem|| oi vnm gheh`mgmev hv ghcke` trogtv

fmlk|koe| hef me|}rke` vnm miiklkmev otmrhvkoe oi vh|c|3

.b+ H troyme vrhlc rmlorf oi lo|v loevroa! kela}fke` iormlh|vke` lo|v| h| pmaa h|

hll}rhl{ ke ikehelkha rmtorvke`3

.l+ M~tmrkmelm ke h||mgbake` vmlneklha h||k|vhelm vmhg|! kela}fke` lro||'|mlvorha

vmhg| oi m~tmrv|! ke'lo}evr{ loevrhlvor|! trkyhvm'|mlvor mevkvkm| hef |}bloevrhlvor|! tahlke`vnmg ke vnm ikmaf ke h vkgma{ gheemr hef troykfke` vnmg pkvn haa emlm||hr{ |}ttorv3

.f+ Fmgoe|vrhvmf brohf rm`koeha loymrh`m! kela}fke` hv bovn vnm ehvkoeha hef vnm

aolha amyma! hef vnm lhthlkv{ ke rmahvkoe vo vmlneoao`{ fmymaotgmev hef vrhe|imr vo rm|toef

vo rmx}m|v| oi fmymaotke` lo}evrkm| ke he m~tmfkvko}| gheemr3

.m+ M~tmrkmelm! h| kv rmahvm| vo vnm i}elvkoe| kfmevkikmf ke fmlk|koe 8/LT%89!

thrh`rhtn 82.h+ hef .b+ bmaop hrm oea{

kaa}|vrhvkym! hef fo eov! ke he{ ph{! trmj}f`m vnm hlv}ha otmrhvke` b}f`mv oi vnm Lakghvm

Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc:


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88% Haa ovnmr lrkvmrkh bmke` mx}ha! trmimrmelm |nhaa bm `kyme vo h no|v or`hekzhvkoe

aolhvmf ke h fmymaotke` lo}evr{%

KKK% Keiorghvkoe rmx}krmf vo bm kela}fmf ke vnm troto|ha|

82% Tro|tmlvkym no|v| oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm g}|v troykfm keiorghvkoe ke

vnmkr troto|ha| fmgoe|vrhvke` nop vnm{ pkaa kgtamgmev vnm vmrg| oi rmimrmelm% Vnm

troto|ha |no}af bm or`hekzmf |o h| vo rm|toef vo vnm o}vakem oi vnm myha}hvkoe lrkvmrkh ke h

loelk|m gheemr% Ihka}rm vo kela}fm haa keiorghvkoe h| |tmlkikmf gh{ rm|}av ke vnm rmjmlvkoe oi

vnm troto|ha h| bmke` eoe'rm|toe|kym% Vnm keiorghvkoe rmx}krmf kela}fm| vnm ioaaopke`:

.h+ He m~ml}vkym |}gghr{3

.b+ H ghke troto|ha pkvn rmamyhev keiorghvkoe or`hekzmf ke hllorfhelm pkvn vnm

myha}hvkoe hef |mamlvkoe lrkvmrkh loevhkemf ke thrh`rhtn| 8> hboym3

.l+ H troto|mf or`hekzhvkoeha lnhrv oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm pkvn brkmi

fm|lrktvkoe| oi cm{ to|kvkoe|3

.f+ He o}vakem oi vnm vmrg| oi rmimrmelm oi vnm fkrmlvor oi vnm Lakghvm

Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm3

.m+ H lo|v |nmmv3

.i+ H |lnmf}am ior vnm |vhrv'}t oi vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc3

.`+ Rm|}gm| oi cm{ |vhii oi vnm trotoemev or`hekzhvkoe troto|mf vo bm h||k`emf

vo vnm Lakghvm Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc3

.n+ H rm|toe|m vo vnm |hgtam rmx}m|v| h| rmimrrmf vo ke thrh`rhtn >.l+ hboym3

.k+ \vhvmgmev| oi porc oi th|v hlvkykvkm| rmamyhev vo vnm i}elvkoe| oi vnm Lakghvm

Vmlneoao`{ Lmevrm hef Emvporc! kela}fke` h ghvrk~ oi th|v tmriorghelm hef h||olkhvmf

rmimrmelm|3.j+ H}fkvmf ikehelkha rmtorv| oi vnm th|v vnrmm ik|lha {mhr|3

.c+ Ovnmr rmamyhev ghvmrkha .m%`% hee}ha rmtorv|! |olkha rm|toe|kbkakv{ rmtorv|+%

84vn

tamehr{

88 Fmlmgbmr 2488


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Fmlk|koe


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.f+ Oem gmgbmr hef havmrehvm gmgbmr irog |ghaa k|ahef fmymaotke` \vhvm|3

.m+ Oem gmgbmr hef havmrehvm gmgbmr irog amh|v fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|3

.i+ Oem gmgbmr irog fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm| eov kela}fmf ke vnm rm`koeha

`ro}t| hef loe|vkv}melkm| hboym hef oem havmrehvm gmgbmr vo rovhvm bmvpmme fmymaotke`

lo}evr{ Thrvkm| kela}fmf ke vnm `ro}t| hef loe|vkv}melkm| ak|vmf hboym3

88% Fmlkfm| vnhv vnm @rmme Lakghvm I}ef bm loeimrrmf j}rkfklha tmr|oehakv{ hef am`ha

lhthlkv{ hef |nhaa mejo{ |}ln trkykam`m| hef kgg}ekvkm| rmahvmf vo vnm fk|lnhr`m hef

i}aikagmev oi kv| i}elvkoe|! ke hllorfhelm pkvn thrh`rhtn| 0 hef > oi vnm òymreke`

ke|vr}gmev3

82% Keykvm| Thrvkm|! ke akem pkvn vnm objmlvkym| |mv iorvn ke thrh`rhtn 82 hboym! vo |}bgkv

vo vnm Bohrf m~trm||koe| oi kevmrm|v ior no|vke` vnm @rmme Lakghvm I}ef b{ 8= Htrka 2482!

bh|mf oe vnm ioaaopke` lrkvmrkh:

.h+ Vnm hbkakv{ vo loeimr hef/or rmloèkzm j}rkfklha tmr|oehakv{ hef am`ha lhthlkv{

vo vnm I}ef ior vnm trovmlvkoe oi kv| kevmrm|v| hef vnm m~mrlk|m oi kv| i}elvkoe|! vo `kym miimlv

vo thrh`rhtn| 0 hef > oi vnm òymreke` ke|vr}gmev! kela}fke` b}v eov akgkvmf vo vnm hbkakv{ vo

loevrhlv! hlx}krm hef fk|to|m oi kggoyhbam hef goyhbam trotmrv{! hef vo ke|vkv}vm am`ha

trolmmfke`|3

.b+ Vnm hbkakv{ vo troykfm trkykam`m| hef kgg}ekvkm| vo vnm I}ef h| hrm emlm||hr{

ior vnm i}aikagmev oi kv| t}rto|m|! hef vo vnm oiiklkha| oi vnm I}ef h| hrm emlm||hr{ ior vnm

kefmtmefmev m~mrlk|m oi vnmkr oiiklkha i}elvkoe| ke loeemlvkoe pkvn vnm I}ef3

.l+ Ikehelkha hrrhe`mgmev|! hfgkek|vrhvkym hef ao`k|vklha |}ttorv vo vnm I}ef3

.f+ He{ ovnmr keiorghvkoe vnhv vnm no|v lo}evr{ pk|nm| vo troykfm3

8 oi vnm òymreke` ke|vr}gmev! vnm am`ha hef

hfgkek|vrhvkym hrrhe`mgmev| ior no|vke` vnm I}ef! hef vo me|}rm vnhv j}rkfklha tmr|oehakv{

hef am`ha lhthlkv{ hrm loeimrrmf vo vnm I}ef! hef trkykam`m| hef kgg}ekvkm| h| hrm emlm||hr{

hrm `rhevmf vo vnm I}ef hef kv| oiiklkha| ke he m~tmfkvko}| gheemr3

8=% I}rvnmr rmx}m|v| vnm Bohrf vo m|vhbak|n vnm kefmtmefmev |mlrmvhrkhv oi vnm @rmme

Lakghvm I}efke vnm no|v lo}evr{ ke he m~tmfkvmf gheemr h| |ooe h| to||kbam! ke hllorfhelm

pkvn thrh`rhtn 8; oi vnm òymreke` ke|vr}gmev3

89% Keykvm| vnm Bohrf vo |mamlv vnm vr}|vmm oi vnm @rmme Lakghvm I}ef vnro}`n he otme!

vrhe|thrmev hef logtmvkvkym bkffke` trolm|| ke h vkgma{ gheemr vo me|}rm vnhv vnmrm k| eo

fk|loevke}kv{ ke vr}|vmm |mryklm|3

80% Rmx}m|v| vnm Bohrf vo kekvkhvm h trolm|| vo loaahborhvm pkvn vnm Hfhtvhvkoe

Loggkvvmm hef vnm Vmlneoao`{ M~ml}vkym Loggkvvmm! h| pmaa h| ovnmr rmamyhev vnmghvkl

bofkm| }efmr vnm Loeymevkoe! vo fmikem akech`m| bmvpmme vnm I}ef hef vnm|m bofkm|! h|

httrotrkhvm3

8>% Rmloèkzm| vnm emmf vo ihlkakvhvm vnm kggmfkhvm i}elvkoeke` oi vnm @rmme Lakghvm

I}ef hef me|}rm kv| kefmtmefmelm! rmx}m|v| vnm ]EILLL |mlrmvhrkhv jokeva{ pkvn vnm @aobha

Meykroegmev Ihlkakv{ |mlrmvhrkhv vo vhcm vnm emlm||hr{ hfgkek|vrhvkym |vmt| vo |mv }t vnm

kevmrkg |mlrmvhrkhv oi vnm @rmme Lakghvm I}ef h| he h}voeogo}| }ekv pkvnke vnm ]EILLL

|mlrmvhrkhv trmgk|m| pkvno}v }ef}m fmah{ hivmr vnm |mymevmmevn |m||koe oi vnm Loeimrmelm oi


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vnm Thrvkm| |o vnhv vnm kevmrkg |mlrmvhrkhv lhe troykfm vmlneklha! hfgkek|vrhvkym hef ao`k|vklha

|}ttorv vo vnm Bohrf }evka vnm kefmtmefmev |mlrmvhrkhv oi vnm @rmme Lakghvm I}ef k|

m|vhbak|nmf3

8;% Fmlkfm| vnhv vnm kevmrkg hrrhe`mgmev| |no}af vmrgkehvm eo ahvmr vnhe vnm ekemvmmevn

|m||koe oi vnm Loeimrmelm oi vnm Thrvkm|324% Ha|o fmlkfm| vnhv vnm kevmrkg |mlrmvhrkhv |nhaa bm i}aa{ hllo}evhbam vo vnm Bohrf hef

|nhaa i}elvkoe }efmr kv| `}kfhelm hef h}vnorkv{! hef vnhv kv| nmhf |nhaa rmtorv vo vnm Bohrf3

28% ]r`m| vnm Bohrf vo goym trogtva{ vo httokev vnm nmhf oi vnm kevmrkg |mlrmvhrkhv3

22% Fmlkfm| vnhv vnm lrkvmrkh ior vnm |mamlvkoe oi vnm nmhf oi vnm kevmrkg |mlrmvhrkhv |nhaa

kela}fm! kevmr hakh! m~tmrvk|m ke vnm fm|k`e or gheh`mgmev oi i}ef|! rmamyhev hfgkek|vrhvkym

hef gheh`mgmev m~tmrkmelm! m~tmrkmelm ke or porcke` pkvn fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|! hef

toakl{ m~tmrvk|m3

2


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Heem~

@oymreke` ke|vr}gmev ior vnm @rmme Lakghvm I}ef

Vnm @rmme Lakghvm I}ef .nmrmkehivmr vnm I}ef+ k| nmrmb{ m|vhbak|nmf hef pkaa otmrhvm ke

hllorfhelm pkvn vnm ioaaopke` troyk|koe|:

K% Objmlvkym| hef `}kfke` trkelktam|

8% @kyme vnm }r`mel{ hef |mrko}|em|| oi lakghvm lnhe`m! vnm t}rto|m oi vnm I}ef k| vo

ghcm h |kèkiklhev hef hgbkvko}| loevrkb}vkoe vo vnm àobha miiorv| vophrf| hvvhkeke` vnm

òha| |mv b{ vnm kevmrehvkoeha logg}ekv{ vo logbhv lakghvm lnhe`m%

2% Vnm I}ef pkaa loevrkb}vm vo vnm hlnkmymgmev oi vnm }avkghvm objmlvkym oi vnm ]ekvmf

Ehvkoe| Irhgmporc Loeymevkoe oe Lakghvm Lnhe`m .]EILLL+% Ke vnm loevm~v oi

|}|vhkehbam fmymaotgmev! vnm I}ef pkaa trogovm vnm thrhfk`g |nkiv vophrf| aop'mgk||koehef lakghvm'rm|kakmev fmymaotgmev thvnph{| b{ troykfke` |}ttorv vo fmymaotke` lo}evrkm|

vo akgkv or rmf}lm vnmkr `rmmeno}|m `h| mgk||koe| hef vo hfhtv vo vnm kgthlv| oi lakghvm

lnhe`m! vhcke` kevo hllo}ev vnm emmf| oi vno|m fmymaotke` lo}evrkm| thrvkl}ahra{ y}aemrhbam

vo vnm hfymr|m miimlv| oi lakghvm lnhe`m%


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.b+ Vhcm httrotrkhvm hlvkoe ke rm|toe|m vo vnm `}kfhelm rmlmkymf3

.l+ \}bgkv hee}ha rmtorv| vo vnm LOT ior kv| loe|kfmrhvkoe hef rmlmkym i}rvnmr

`}kfhelm%

B% Am`ha |vhv}|

0% Ke orfmr vo otmrhvm miimlvkyma{ kevmrehvkoehaa{! vnm I}ef pkaa to||m| j}rkfklha

tmr|oehakv{ hef pkaa nhym |}ln am`ha lhthlkv{ h| k| emlm||hr{ ior vnm m~mrlk|m oi kv| i}elvkoe|

hef vnm trovmlvkoe oi kv| kevmrm|v|%

>% Vnm I}ef pkaa mejo{ |}ln trkykam`m| hef kgg}ekvkm| h| hrm emlm||hr{ ior vnm

i}aikagmev oi kv| t}rto|m|% Vnm oiiklkha| oi vnm I}ef pkaa |kgkahra{ mejo{ |}ln trkykam`m| hef

kgg}ekvkm| h| hrm emlm||hr{ ior vnm kefmtmefmev m~mrlk|m oi vnmkr oiiklkha i}elvkoe| ke

loeemlvkoe pkvn vnm I}ef%

L% R}am| oi trolmf}rm oi vnm Bohrf

8% Logto|kvkoe

;% Vnm Bohrf pkaa nhym 26 gmgbmr|! logto|mf oi he mx}ha e}gbmr oi gmgbmr| irog

fmymaotke` hef fmymaotmf lo}evr{ Thrvkm|% Rmtrm|mevhvkoe irog fmymaotke` lo}evr{ Thrvkm|

pkaa kela}fm rmtrm|mevhvkym| oi rmamyhev ]ekvmf Ehvkoe| rm`koeha `ro}tke`| hef

rmtrm|mevhvkym| irog |ghaa k|ahef fmymaotke` \vhvm| .\KF\+ hef amh|v fmymaotmf lo}evrkm|

.AFL|+%

84% Mhln Bohrf gmgbmr pkaa nhym he havmrehvm gmgbmr! pkvn havmrehvm gmgbmr| mevkvamf

vo thrvklkthvm ke vnm gmmvke`| oi vnm Bohrf oea{ vnro}`n vnm trkelktha gmgbmr! pkvno}v vnm

rk`nv vo yovm! }eam|| vnm{ hrm |mryke` h| vnm gmgbmr% F}rke` vnm hb|melm oi vnm gmgbmr

durban platform on climate, 2011

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